Tree Assistance Program, 25103-25110 [2010-10800]
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25103
Rules and Regulations
Federal Register
Vol. 75, No. 88
Friday, May 7, 2010
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER
contains regulatory documents having general
applicability and legal effect, most of which
are keyed to and codified in the Code of
Federal Regulations, which is published under
50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.
The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by
the Superintendent of Documents. Prices of
new books are listed in the first FEDERAL
REGISTER issue of each week.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Farm Service Agency
7 CFR Parts 760 and 783
Commodity Credit Corporation
7 CFR Part 1416
RIN 0560–AH96
Tree Assistance Program
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AGENCY: Farm Service Agency and
Commodity Credit Corporation, USDA.
ACTION: Final rule.
SUMMARY: This rule implements specific
requirements for the Tree Assistance
Program (TAP) authorized by the Food,
Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
(the 2008 Farm Bill). TAP provides
disaster assistance to eligible orchardists
and nursery tree growers to replant or
rehabilitate trees, bushes, and vines that
were lost due to natural disaster.
Orchardists and nursery tree growers
who commercially raise trees, bushes,
and vines for which there were
mortality losses in excess of 15 percent,
after adjustment for normal mortality,
are eligible for TAP payments. Eligible
losses must have occurred between
January 1, 2008, and September 30,
2011. This rule specifies how the TAP
payments are calculated and when
producers may apply for benefits. This
rule also removes regulations for prior
tree disaster assistance programs.
DATES: Effective Date: May 7, 2010.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Steven Peterson, Branch Chief,
Production, Emergencies and
Compliance Division, Farm Service
Agency (FSA), U.S. Department of
Agriculture (USDA), Mail STOP 0517,
1400 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20250–0517.
Telephone: (202) 720–5172; e-mail:
Steve.Peterson@wdc.usda.gov. Persons
with disabilities who require alternative
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means for communication (Braille, large
print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the
USDA Target Center at (202) 720–2600
(voice and TDD).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background: This rule implements
the specific requirements for TAP as
authorized by the 2008 Farm Bill (Pub.
L. 110–246). Sections 12033 and 15101
of the 2008 Farm Bill authorize the
Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary) to
assist eligible orchardists and nursery
tree growers that have incurred tree,
bush, or vine mortality losses in excess
of 15 percent, adjusted for normal
mortality, due to natural disaster. TAP
is a cost-reimbursement program, which
means that payments are calculated
based on estimated actual costs to
replace or rehabilitate lost or damaged
trees, bushes, or vines. The replacement
and rehabilitation activities must take
place within 12 months after the
application is approved. Payment is not
made until the activities are completed.
Amendments to the 2008 Farm Bill
contained in the Consolidated Security,
Disaster Assistance, and Continuing
Appropriations Act, 2009 (Pub. L. 110–
329), an Act to Amend the Commodity
Provisions of the Food, Conservation,
and Energy Act of 2008 and for other
purposes (Pub. L. 110–398), and the
American Recovery and Reinvestment
Act of 2009 (Pub. L. 111–5, the Recovery
Act) authorized minor changes in how
TAP and the other standing disaster
assistance programs are implemented.
The basic core of the TAP is specified
in the 2008 Farm Bill. The amendments
extend the deadline for the required risk
management ‘‘buy-in,’’ discussed later in
this document, exempt this rule from
notice and comment rulemaking and
Paperwork Reduction Act requirements,
and allow the Secretary to provide
equitable relief for producers who did
not have risk management coverage.
TAP will be similar in scope to the
2005 Hurricane Tree Assistance
Program specified in regulations in 7
CFR part 1416 and to the previous TAP
authorized by the Farm Security and
Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Pub. L.
107–171, commonly known as the 2002
Farm Bill) specified in regulations in 7
CFR part 783. The 2005 Hurricane TAP
and TAP (as implemented by this rule)
cover tree rehabilitation losses and
practices that were not covered by the
TAP authorized by the 2002 Farm Bill.
The 2005 Hurricane TAP applied only
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in certain areas affected by hurricanes
while this TAP and these regulations
apply nationally. The previous
programs were not subject to the
adjusted gross income (AGI) limits and
risk management purchase requirement
that now apply to all the standing
disaster programs authorized by the
2008 Farm Bill. TAP is now funded
through the Agricultural Disaster Relief
Trust Fund; the previous programs were
limited to available funding. This rule
implements the TAP regulations in 7
CFR part 760, subpart F, and removes
the regulations for the previous two
TAPs from 7 CFR part 783 and part
1416, subpart H.
General Eligibility Requirements
This rule implements the eligibility
provisions for TAP, which is one of five
Supplemental Agricultural Disaster
Assistance programs authorized by the
2008 Farm Bill. Sections 12033 and
15101 of the 2008 Farm Bill authorize
the Secretary to assist producers who
have had crop and livestock losses due
to adverse weather. FSA provides
assistance through five different
programs:
• Livestock Indemnity Program
(LIP—referred to as Livestock Indemnity
Payments in the 2008 Farm Bill),
• Livestock Forage Disaster Program
(LFP),
• Emergency Assistance for
Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-Raised
Fish (ELAP),
• Supplemental Revenue Assistance
Payments Program (SURE) (which
covers losses to tree crops such as
apples and citrus, but not the losses to
trees covered by TAP), and
• Tree Assistance Program (TAP).
This rule implements TAP in 7 CFR
part 760, subpart F. The LIP final rule,
which was published in the Federal
Register on July 2, 2009 (74 FR 31567–
31578), revised 7 CFR part 760, subpart
B, to provide the general eligibility
requirements for all the Supplemental
Agricultural Disaster Assistance
programs including ELAP, LFP, LIP,
SURE, and TAP. Subpart B specifies
administration of the programs, general
requirements to be an eligible producer,
risk management purchase requirement,
buy-in waivers, equitable relief,
payment limitations, and other
generally applicable requirements.
Specific provisions for the other disaster
assistance programs have been
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implemented through separate
rulemakings.
TAP will be administered by FSA
using funds from the Agricultural
Disaster Relief Trust Fund established
under section 902 of the Trade Act of
1974 (19 U.S.C. 2497a). The disaster
assistance programs authorized by the
2008 Farm Bill are permanent or
‘‘standing’’ programs that have similar
scope to the previous ad hoc programs.
The programs are provided for in two
separate places in the 2008 Farm Bill.
First, there is section 12033, which adds
a new section 531 to the Federal Crop
Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501–1524).
Second, there is section 15101, which
adds sections 901 through 903 to the
Trade Act of 1974. The provisions of the
two sections as enacted are identical
except that the provisions in Title XV of
the 2008 Farm Bill contain the funding
provisions for the program. Since then,
there have been some amendments, but
the two sections of the 2008 Farm Bill
are considered to be interchangeable for
the purposes of this rule, and an
amendment to one is, as a practical
matter, an amendment to the other.
The final rule uses the words
‘‘producer,’’ ‘‘participant,’’ and ‘‘eligible
orchardist or nursery tree grower.’’
‘‘Producers’’ may apply for TAP.
‘‘Participants,’’ who in most but not all
cases are also ‘‘eligible orchardist or
nursery tree growers,’’ are those
producers who meet the requirements to
be eligible to receive TAP payments.
Payment Limitation
The 2008 Farm Bill limits how much
a participant may receive from the
Supplemental Agricultural Disaster
Assistance programs.
In applying payment limitation for
2008 payments, subject to the provision
of part 1400, no entity or individual can
receive more than $100,000 per program
year under TAP. This is an increase
from the previous TAPs, which had a
limit of $75,000 per year for payees who
were considered separate payees under
the part 1400 rules. For 2009 through
2011 payments, no individual or legal
entity (excluding a joint venture or
general partnership) may receive,
directly or indirectly, more than
$100,000 per program year under TAP.
(A separate payment limit of $100,000
applies to total benefits that one person
or legal entity may receive from LIP,
LFP, ELAP, and SURE.)
For the purpose of determining
payment limits, both indirect and direct
benefits are counted by attribution. In
the case of a legal entity, the same
payment is attributed to the direct payee
in the full amount, and to those that
have an indirect interest in the entity
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commensurate with the amount of the
interest. For example, under the
attribution rules that apply to TAP,
assume:
• Corporation A is in line to receive
a $100,000 TAP payment,
• Corporation A is owned 50 percent
by Individual A and 50 percent by
Corporation B, and
• Corporation B is owned 30 percent
by Individual B and 70 percent by
Individual C.
If so, Corporation A, for payment
limitation purposes would be
considered to have received $100,000
and Individual C (who owns 70 percent
of Corporation B, which owns half of
Corporation A) would be considered to
have indirectly benefitted by the
amount of $35,000 (50 percent times 70
percent of the $100,000). Even though
no part of the $100,000 was actually
paid to Individual C, the amount of
$35,000 would count against individual
C’s overall payment limitation from
TAP. Assuming Individual C was
already at the maximum payment limit,
Individual C would not have been
eligible to receive $35,000; as a result,
the payment to Corporation A would be
reduced by $35,000.
Additionally, a person or legal entity
is limited to receiving payments on a
cumulative total of 500 acres planted to
trees, bushes, or vines that suffered
losses occurring on or after January 1,
2008, but before October 1, 2011. The
previous TAP authorized by the 2002
Farm Bill had the same acreage limit.
The amount of any payment for which
a participant may be eligible under TAP
may be reduced by any amount received
by the participant for the same or any
similar loss from any other USDA
disaster assistance program.
In applying the limitation on AGI for
2008 payments, an individual or entity
is ineligible for payment under TAP if
the individual’s or entity’s average AGI
exceeds $2.5 million for 2007, 2006, and
2005, under the provisions in 7 CFR
part 1400 in effect for 2008. For 2009
through 2011 payments, the average AGI
limitation provisions in 7 CFR part 1400
applicable to the Commodity Credit
Corporation (CCC) commodity programs
also apply to TAP. Specifically, for 2009
through 2011, a person or legal entity
with an average adjusted gross nonfarm
income, as defined in 7 CFR 1400.3, that
exceeds $500,000 for the relevant base
period will not be eligible to receive
payments from TAP. Likewise, if a
person with an indirect interest in a
legal entity has an average nonfarm AGI
over $500,000, then the payment to the
legal entity will be reduced as
calculated based on the percent of that
person’s indirect interest in the legal
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entity receiving the payment. For
example, continuing with the
assumptions in the example above, if
Individual B had an average AGI that
was over the limit, then the payment to
Corporation A will be reduced by 15
percent (Individual B’s 30 percent
interest in Corporation B times
Corporation B’s 50 percent interest in
Corporation A).
Payment and average AGI limits will
be determined under regulations
specified in 7 CFR part 1400 for CCC
commodity programs. TAP is an FSA
program, but the CCC regulations in 7
CFR part 1400 are adopted for this
program. The relevant AGI period for
TAP and the other disaster assistance
programs for 2008 payments is the 3
calendar years that precede the program
year involved, namely, 2005, 2006, and
2007. However, beginning with 2009,
the AGI period is the 3 taxable years
preceding the most immediately
preceding complete taxable year. Thus
for 2009 TAP benefits the base period
would be the same as for 2008 benefits
but would slide forward year by year in
the subsequent years so that the base for
2010 benefits would be tax years 2006,
2007, and 2008.
The regulations in 7 CFR 1400.5
specify how payments will be attributed
and how far the attribution will go.
Attribution will be tracked through four
levels of ownership in legal entities. The
2008 Farm Bill removes the previous ‘‘3
entity rule,’’ so a person can now receive
benefits attributed through an unlimited
number of entities, subject to the
payment limitation and the rules of
attribution described in 7 CFR part 1400
and the text above. In addition to these
limits, the 2008 Farm Bill imposes for
TAP and other programs covered in part
760 certain special limitations on
payments to individuals who are not
citizens or to foreign corporations and
these, which appear in the previously
issued subpart B of part 763, are
separate from the foreign person rules in
7 CFR part 1400. The limitations that
apply in part 763 can be found
specifically in 7 CFR 760.103(b).
Risk Management Purchase
Requirement
To be eligible for TAP payments,
producers must meet the risk
management purchase requirement. The
requirement is specified in 7 CFR
760.104. This is a new requirement;
neither the 2005 Hurricane TAP nor the
previous TAP required the purchase of
crop insurance or NAP coverage.
The risk management purchase
requirement specifies that eligible
participants must have purchased
insurance for each insurable crop on the
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farm and for purposes of this program
an individual or entity’s farm is deemed
to include the entirety of their farming
operations no matter where located, in
all counties and all states. A few
exceptions allowed by the 2008 Farm
Bill are discussed later in this section.
An ‘‘insurable commodity’’ means an
agricultural commodity for which the
producer on the farm is eligible to
obtain a policy or plan of insurance
under the Federal Crop Insurance Act
(FCIA) from the USDA’s Risk
Management Agency (RMA). A
‘‘noninsurable commodity’’ means a
crop for which the eligible producers on
a farm are eligible to obtain assistance
through FSA’s Noninsured Crop
Disaster Assistance Program (NAP). In
general, to be eligible for TAP payments,
participants must have obtained crop
insurance or NAP coverage, as may be
applicable, for all of their crops.
Producers who did not purchase
required coverage are not eligible for
benefits unless an exception applies.
Certain waivers for ‘‘socially
disadvantaged farmers and ranchers,’’ as
well as ‘‘limited resource farmers and
ranchers,’’ and ‘‘beginning farmers or
ranchers’’ are provided by the 2008
Farm Bill and specified in 7 CFR
760.107.
For the 2008 crop year, otherwise
eligible producers who paid a certain
buy-in fee were provided an exemption
from the risk management purchase
requirement that would otherwise apply
if the buy-in fee was paid by September
16, 2008. By an amendment to the 2008
Farm Bill, a second buy-in permitted
participants to buy-in for the 2008 crop
year from February 17, 2009, up to May
18, 2009, to meet the risk management
purchase requirement; however, the
participant had to agree to buy crop
insurance or NAP for the next crop year
for the crops to which the buy-in
applied. The 2008 buy-in fee was equal
to the cost of the minimal catastrophic
insurance coverage or NAP coverage,
but did not, as with other buy-in
exemptions in TAP, entitle the
participant to such insurance or NAP
coverage. Also, an amendment to the
2008 Farm Bill allows a 2009 crop buyin if the 2009 Federal Crop Insurance
Corporation (FCIC) sales closing date for
a crop was prior to August 14, 2008. The
deadline for the 2009 crop buy-in was
January 12, 2009. In addition to these
provisions, section 531(g)(5) of FCIA
(and the corresponding provisions of the
Trade Act of 1974; 7 U.S.C. 1531(g) and
19 U.S.C. 2497(g), respectively) have
some more general provisions allowing
the Secretary discretion to grant
equitable relief to certain persons who
lack coverage, as described below. The
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buy-in fees were different for 2008 and
2009.
If a producer is ineligible or otherwise
barred from the risk management
insurance program or NAP because of
past violations and those insurance
programs would otherwise be available
to that producer absent such violations,
that producer will also be ineligible for
TAP.
Other circumstances preventing a
producer from obtaining risk
management coverage may be addressed
on a case-by-case basis, and the
Secretary or designee may determine a
participant is eligible for TAP even if
FCIA or NAP coverage was not timely
obtained; 7 CFR 760.106, ‘‘Equitable
Relief,’’ provides for such relief. For
example, equitable relief may, at
USDA’s discretion, be considered for
participants who failed to meet the
requirements of this rule because the
2008 Farm Bill was enacted after the
closing date for purchasing the
applicable insurance. Another example
may be relief for a participant who made
a late planting decision due to weatherrelated causes. Relief will not be
considered or granted for producers
who are in the RMA ineligibility
tracking system as those persons by
their own actions were unable to obtain
insurance. Equitable relief is not an
entitlement. A grant of such relief is
discretionary in nature, and USDA’s
refusal to consider such relief or to grant
a particular form of relief that is not
specifically mandated by the 2008 Farm
Bill or the program regulations will not
be construed to be an adverse decision
under either 7 CFR parts 11 or 780 (the
common appeals regulations that apply
to most FSA and CCC programs). There
are, however, some cases in which the
USDA National Appeals Division (NAD)
has authority on its own to grant
equitable relief and in all cases NAD,
rather than FSA or CCC, decides the
extent of its jurisdiction consistent with
whatever authorities apply.
If an RMA pilot or Adjusted Gross
Revenue (AGR) insurance program was
the only insurance available in that area
for that crop, buying that insurance
program for that crop will satisfy the
risk management purchase requirement
for that crop. However, producers are
not required to purchase pilot or AGR
insurance program coverage in order to
meet the risk management purchase
requirement. Rather, producers can elect
not to obtain pilot or AGR insurance
program coverage and meet the risk
management purchase requirement by
obtaining either NAP coverage or by
paying the buy-in fee, as may be
applicable.
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Producers who did not obtain risk
management coverage for all eligible
crops on a farm are ineligible for
payment under TAP even if some crops
had risk management coverage, unless
an exception or waiver applies. The risk
management purchase required for TAP
eligibility refers to insurance on the
crop and production, not on the
underlying trees; further, the risk
management purchase requirement
includes crops that are not eligible for
TAP. For example, if a producer’s farm
produces insured blueberries, insured
apples, and corn, to be eligible for TAP
payment the producer must either buy
coverage on the corn or have made a
‘‘buy-in,’’ when such option was
available as specified in 7 CFR part 760,
subpart B. Producers, who meet all the
eligibility requirements, including risk
management coverage, will qualify for
payment. A producer who does not
meet the risk management purchase
requirement will not be eligible.
Eligible Losses and Eligible Producers
for TAP
The 2008 Farm Bill provisions require
TAP cost share payments to be made for
eligible losses due to natural disasters.
TAP provides a payment based on 70
percent of the cost of replacing trees,
bushes, and vines, and 50 percent of
other costs including removing,
pruning, or salvaging damaged trees,
bushes, and vines, or preparing the land
to plant new ones. The payment
eligibility ‘‘trigger’’ is mortality losses in
excess of 15 percent, adjusted for
normal damage and mortality. Normal
mortality losses are those associated
with the normal upkeep of the orchard
or nursery in the region. Damage losses
are not eligible for payment unless the
15 percent mortality trigger is met. The
eligible mortality must have occurred
between January 1, 2008, and September
30, 2011, due to natural disaster, as
determined by the Secretary or his
designee, during the calendar year for
which benefits are requested, including
losses due to plant disease, insect
infestation, drought, fire, freeze, flood,
earthquake, and lightning. As the
preceding sentence suggests, ‘‘plant
disease’’ for this program is, under the
terms of the 2008 Farm Bill, considered
to be a natural disaster. Commerciallygrown trees, vines, and bushes are
eligible. All the provisions described in
this paragraph, which are implemented
in this rule, are provisions specified in
the 2008 Farm Bill over which FSA has
little or no discretion.
The details in this rule on acceptable
documentation of loss and the
application process for payment are
discretionary provisions. FSA based the
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discretionary provisions of the program
as specified in this rule on the rules and
policies used for previous TAPs,
because those rules and policies are
known to the public and because they
have worked well to provide benefits for
the type of loss involved in this
program.
The scope of TAP is substantially
similar to the previous TAPs, with the
following exceptions:
• Payment limitation and the risk
management purchase requirement from
the 2008 Farm Bill apply; the previous
programs had a lower payment limit
and did not have a risk management
purchase requirement.
• TAP payment is now calculated
based on 70 percent of the qualifying
loss (the loss above 15 percent in excess
of normal mortality); the previous
programs provided payment based on
75 percent of that amount.
• TAP now also includes a 50 percent
payment for removing or rehabilitating
trees, bushes, and vines that were
damaged; the previous program in 7
CFR part 783 for the TAP authorized by
the 2002 Farm Bill did not have this
provision but the 2005 Hurricane TAP
in 7 CFR part 1416 included a 75
percent payment for such activities.
• Nursery tree losses are now eligible
for TAP payments; the previous
program in 7 CFR part 783 did not have
this provision but the 2005 Hurricane
TAP in 7 CFR part 1416 did. Nursery
trees include ornamental, fruit, nut, or
Christmas trees produced for
commercial sale.
• TAP is funded through the
Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust Fund;
the previous programs were limited to
available funding.
TAP payments will be calculated
using cost share rates for the specific
type of tree, bush, or vine lost or
damaged and practice required to
replant the stand or rehabilitate existing
trees, bushes, or vines. The calculations
will be made using FSA-approved
categories of plants and practices. The
categories will be the same as previous
TAPs.
The threshold for TAP payment
eligibility is a mortality loss to a stand
of trees, bushes, or vines in excess of 15
percent above normal mortality. That is
the same loss threshold as the previous
programs. Normal losses, losses below
the 15 percent threshold, and losses due
to causes other than natural disaster will
not be eligible for payment. For
example, if 80 percent of the trees in the
stand are lost, and normal mortality in
that area for that type of tree is 2
percent, then payment will be
calculated on the loss above 17 percent,
which would be 63 percent. Payment
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would be equal to 70 percent of the
costs to replace 63 percent of the
original stand. If the stand was a total
loss (100 percent loss), then payment
would be equal to 70 percent of the
costs to replace 83 percent of that stand
(100 percent minus 17 percent).
The 2008 Farm Bill specifies that TAP
is for losses due to ‘‘natural disaster,’’
which the 2008 Farm Bill defines as
‘‘plant disease, insect infestation,
drought, fire, freeze, flood, earthquake,
lightning, or other occurrence, as
determined by the Secretary.’’ An
eligible ‘‘other occurrence’’ will be
determined by FSA’s Deputy
Administrator for Farm Programs
(Deputy Administrator) on behalf of the
Secretary. FSA has the authority to
determine the eligibility of tree, bush, or
vine losses caused by or categorized as
an ‘‘other occurrence’’ depending on the
disaster event resulting in the loss. This
is not a change from the previous TAPs.
Loss claims will be verified based on a
physical inspection of the loss by an
FSA representative.
Generally under this new TAP,
eligible orchardists or nursery tree
growers are producers who are
considered to have planted the trees,
bushes, or vines for commercial
purposes for the annual production of a
crop and who owned the stand of trees,
bushes, or vines at the time the natural
disaster occurred. The owner of the
orchard will be considered to be the
person who had planted the trees even
though some of those trees might have
been planted before the orchard was
purchased. For clean-up expenses, such
as pruning, the eligible producer may be
a party who was leasing the trees at the
time of the disasters. Also, the rule
provides that in the event of a transfer
of the eligible tree after the disaster, the
successor may qualify for benefits in
lieu of the preceding party if certain
conditions are met. These rules appear
to be consistent with the intent of the
2008 Farm Bill to provide benefits for
all nurseries with otherwise qualifying
losses and to provide for the continuing
health of existing orchards that have
suffered those losses.
Applying for TAP Payment; TAP
Payment Calculations
There are three basic steps for a
producer to obtain a TAP payment. The
first step is to file an application at the
FSA county office within 90 calendar
days of the disaster event or date upon
which the loss of trees, bushes, or vines
is apparent to the producer. Producers
who suffered a potentially eligible loss
before this rule was published in the
Federal Register must provide an
application to the FSA county office
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within 60 calendar days after this rule
is published.
The second step is a field visit to
verify losses. After FSA receives the
application, FSA staff will make a field
visit and validate which practices are
appropriate to address the losses. Upon
verification, FSA will inform the
producer of the approved eligible
practices and estimated payment.
The third step is to complete the
approved practices. The practices must
be completed within 12 months of FSA
approval. Payment will be made after
the practices are completed.
Producers that suffer multiple losses
during the calendar year may file
multiple applications for payment. This
rule specifies the documents that are
required to show that practices are
complete, such as receipts for labor
costs, equipment rental, and purchases
of seedlings or cuttings.
The TAP payment will be calculated
based on the actual costs of the
approved practices, or the rates
established by the Deputy Administrator
for the practices, whichever
compensation amount is lower. The
payment rate for replanting and
replacement of eligible trees (those
which involve greater than a 15 percent
loss adjusted for normal mortality),
bushes, or vines is 70 percent of the
producer’s actual costs so long as that
70 percent does not exceed the FSA
approved rate for the practices involved
and if 70 percent of the actual cost
exceeds that rate then the producer will
receive the FSA rate and no more. The
rate for rehabilitation of eligible trees,
bushes, or vines is generally 50 percent
of the cost of pruning, removal, and
other costs incurred for salvaging the
existing plants, or in the case of plant
mortality, to prepare land for replanting
but here also the 50 percent amount
cannot exceed the maximum allowable
FSA rate. The 50 percent is only
payable, however, for losses that reflect
a greater than 15 percent loss taking into
account normal mortality and damage.
A producer can be eligible for both
categories of payment. For example, a
producer who replaces lost trees can
apply for both a 50 percent cost share
payment to remove the lost trees and
prepare the land, and a 70 percent cost
share for the seedlings and labor to
plant the new ones. If, for example, not
all the vines in a stand are lost, a
producer can apply for the 70 percent
cost share to replace lost vines and the
50 percent cost share to prune and
rehabilitate less severely damaged ones.
If a practice, such as site preparation, is
needed to both replant and rehabilitate
trees, bushes, or vines, the producer
must document the expenses
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attributable to replanting versus
rehabilitation. If that is not possible
because, for example, the activity took
place several years ago and the
contractor who performed the work
cannot provide a detailed breakdown,
the FSA county committee will pro-rate
payment based on physical inspection
of the loss, damage, replanting, and
rehabilitation. Producers who did not
plant the trees, bushes, or vines that
were lost, but have a history of
commercial production, can be eligible
for the 50 percent cost share category to
remove lost trees and rehabilitate the
damaged ones.
FSA, through the FSA State offices,
will obtain recommendations from
applicable State orchard and nursery
organizations, State Cooperative
Extension Services or, as applicable, the
National Institute of Food and
Agriculture, and other knowledgeable
and credible sources, as FSA deems
necessary and appropriate, to establish
the normal mortality rate and damage
rate for each type of tree, bush, or vine
on a State-by-State basis. (Under the
previous TAPs, normal mortality rates
established for most eligible plant
species were about one to three percent
per year.)
SURE and TAP
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In some cases, losses that are not
eligible under TAP may be eligible for
SURE payments, and vice versa. The
SURE program covers losses to tree,
vine, and bush crops that were covered
by insurance or NAP, while TAP
provides cost reimbursement payments
to offset the cost of replacing or
rehabilitating lost or damaged trees,
vines, and bushes. The two programs
pay for different types of losses, but if
there were any overlap, benefits could
be adjusted as needed.
The risk management purchase
requirement for SURE includes some
exceptions, such as not requiring risk
management coverage for minor crops
that do not apply to TAP. Therefore, risk
management coverage that qualifies a
producer for SURE may not qualify that
same producer for TAP. If the risk
management purchase does meet the
requirements of both SURE and TAP,
the producer may be eligible for
payment under both programs.
Miscellaneous TAP Provisions
All owners, stands, and losses must
meet the eligibility requirements
provided in this rule. False
certifications can carry serious
consequences. FSA will validate
information provided on applications
through random spot-checks.
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As specified in 7 CFR part 760
subpart B, participants receiving
disaster assistance payments must keep
records and supporting documentation
for 3 years following the end of the year
in which the application for payment
was filed. This discretionary
recordkeeping requirement is consistent
with other FSA rules and programs, as
well as with previous similar disaster
assistance programs. Participants must
allow FSA representatives to conduct a
site inspection to verify that the TAPfunded practices have been completed.
Section 760.110 specifies that the
appeal regulations specified in 7 CFR
parts 11 and 780 apply. It also specifies
that for all the new standing disaster
programs, matters requiring FSA
determinations that are not in response
to, or result from, an individual
disputable set of facts in a specific
individual participant’s application, are
not matters that can be appealed under
7 CFR parts 11 or 780. These include,
but are not limited to, general statutory
or regulatory provisions that apply to
similarly situated participants, national
average payment prices, regions, crop
definition, average yields, or similar
items.
As specified in 7 CFR part 760
subpart B, restrictions apply to TAP
including, but not limited to, benefit
ineligibility resulting from violations of
the highly erodible land and wetland
conservation provisions specified in 7
CFR part 12.
Notice and Comment
The Consolidated Security, Disaster
Assistance, and Continuing
Appropriations Act, 2009 made the
exemption from notice and comments
provisions, contained in section
1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill,
applicable in implementing section
12033 of the 2008 Farm Bill. To the
extent relevant, the exemption applies,
we believe, to the corresponding
provisions enacted in section 15101
since they are identical excerpt for the
provisions for funding in 15101, which
do not appear at all in section 12033.
Otherwise, the provisions of the
Consolidated Security, Disaster
Assistance, and Continuing
Appropriations Act, 2009 would have
no meaning. Therefore, these
regulations are exempt from the notice
and comment requirements of the
Administrative Procedures Act (5 U.S.C.
553), as specified in section 1601(c)(2)
of the 2008 Farm Bill, which requires
that the regulations be promulgated and
administered without regard to the
notice and comment provisions of 5
U.S.C. 553 or the Statement of Policy of
the Secretary of Agriculture effective
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July 24, 1971, (36 FR 13804) relating to
notices of proposed rulemaking and
public participation in rulemaking.
Effective Date
In making this final rule exempt from
notice and comment through section
1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill, using
the administrative procedure provisions
in 5 U.S.C. 553, FSA finds that there is
good cause for making this rule effective
less than 30 days after publication in the
Federal Register. This rule allows FSA
to provide benefits to producers who
suffered tree, bush, or vine losses
caused by natural disasters. Therefore,
to begin providing benefits to producers
as soon as possible, this final rule is
effective when published in the Federal
Register.
Executive Order 12866
This rule has been designated as not
significant under Executive Order 12866
and has not been reviewed by the Office
of Management and Budget.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
This rule is not subject to the
Regulatory Flexibility Act since FSA is
not required to publish a notice of
proposed rulemaking for this rule.
Environmental Evaluation
In May 2007, FSA prepared a Final
Programmatic Environmental
Assessment (PEA) to evaluate the
environmental consequences associated
with implementing the changes to the
Tree Assistance Program in 2005 under
Title X Subtitle C of the 2002 Farm Bill
using funding authorized by Title III
Section 3013 of the Emergency
Supplemental Appropriations Act for
Defense, the Global War on Terror, and
Hurricane Recovery, 2006 (Pub. L. 109–
234). In consideration of the analysis
documented in the PEA and the reasons
outlined in the Finding of No
Significant Impact (FONSI), which was
published in the Federal Register on
April 13, 2007 (72 FR 18622–18623),
consistent with the provisions of the
National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA, 42 U.S.C. 4321–4347), the
regulations of the Council on
Environmental Quality (40 CFR parts
1500–1508), and FSA regulations for
compliance with NEPA (7 CFR part
799), FSA has determined that the
implementation of TAP consistent with
the provisions of the 2008 Farm Bill,
would not constitute a major Federal
action that would significantly affect the
quality of the human environment.
Therefore, an environmental impact
statement will not be prepared. The
Final Programmatic Environmental
Assessment (PEA) can be viewed at:
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https://www.fsa.usda.gov/Internet/
FSA_File/final_tap_ea5_2007.pdf and
the FONSI can be viewed at: https://
www.fsa.usda.gov/Internet/FSA_File/
tap_fonsi.pdf.
Executive Order 12372
This program is not subject to
Executive Order 12372, which requires
consultation with State and local
officials. See the notice related to 7 CFR
part 3015, subpart V, published in the
Federal Register on June 24, 1983 (48
FR 29115).
Executive Order 12988
This rule has been reviewed under
Executive Order 12988. This rule is not
retroactive and it does not preempt State
or local laws, regulations, or policies
unless they present an irreconcilable
conflict with this rule. Before any
judicial action may be brought regarding
the provisions of this rule the
administrative appeal provisions of 7
CFR parts 11 and 780 must be
exhausted.
Executive Order 13132
The policies contained in this rule do
not have any substantial direct effect on
States, on the relationship between the
Federal Government and States, or on
the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government. Nor does this rule
impose substantial direct compliance
costs on State and local governments.
Therefore, consultation with the states
is not required.
Paperwork Reduction Act
The regulations in this rule are
exempt from the requirements of the
Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C.
Chapter 35), as specified in section
1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill, which
provides that these regulations be
promulgated and administered without
regard to the Paperwork Reduction Act.
E-Government Act Compliance
FSA is committed to complying with
the E-Government Act, to promote the
use of the Internet and other
information technologies to provide
increased opportunities for citizen
access to Government information and
services, and for other purposes.
List of Subjects
7 CFR Part 760
Dairy products, Indemnity payments,
Pesticides and pests, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
7 CFR Part 783
Disaster assistance, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Trees.
7 CFR Part 1416
Agriculture, Citrus fruits, Disaster
assistance, Fish, Livestock, Nursery
stock.
■ For the reasons discussed above, the
Farm Service Agency and Commodity
Credit Corporation, USDA, amends 7
CFR parts 760, 783, and 1416 as follows:
PART 760—INDEMNITY PAYMENT
PROGRAMS
1. The authority citation for part 760
continues to read as follows:
■
Executive Order 13175
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 4501; 7 U.S.C. 1531,
16 U.S.C. 3801, note, and 19 U.S.C. 2497;
Title III, Pub. L. 109–234, 120 Stat. 474; Title
IX, Pub. L. 110–28, 121 Stat. 211; and Sec.
748, Pub. L. 111–80, 123 Stat. 2131.
Unfunded Mandates
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The policies contained in this rule do
not impose substantial unreimbursed
direct compliance costs on Indian tribal
governments or have tribal implications
that preempt tribal law.
■
This rule contains no Federal
mandates under the regulatory
provisions of Title II of the Unfunded
Mandate Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA)
for State, local, and tribal government or
the private sector. In addition, FSA was
not required to publish a notice of
proposed rule making for this rule.
Therefore, this rule is not subject to the
requirements of sections 202 and 205 of
the UMRA.
Federal Assistance Programs
The title and number of the Federal
assistance program in the Catalog of
Federal Domestic Assistance to which
this rule applies is 10.082—Tree
Assistance Program.
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2. Add Subpart F to read as follows:
Subpart F—Tree Assistance Program
Sec.
760.500 Applicability.
760.501 Administration.
760.502 Definitions.
760.503 Eligible losses.
760.504 Eligible orchardists and nursery
tree growers.
760.505 Application.
760.506 Payment calculation.
760.507 Obligations of a participant.
Subpart F—Tree Assistance Program
§ 760.500
Applicability.
(a) This subpart establishes the terms
and conditions under which the Tree
Assistance Program (TAP) will be
administered under Titles XII and XV of
the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act
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of 2008 (Pub. L. 110–246, the 2008 Farm
Bill).
(b) Eligible orchardists and nursery
tree growers will be compensated as
specified in § 760.506 for eligible tree,
bush, and vine losses in excess of 15
percent mortality, or, where applicable,
15 percent damage, adjusted for normal
mortality and normal damage, that
occurred in the calendar year for which
benefits are being requested and as a
direct result of a natural disaster.
§ 760.501
Administration.
The program will be administered as
specified in § 760.102 and in this
subpart.
§ 760.502
Definitions.
The following definitions apply to
this subpart. The definitions in parts
718 and 1400 of this title also apply,
except where they conflict with the
definitions in this section.
Bush means, a low, branching, woody
plant, from which at maturity of the
bush, an annual fruit or vegetable crop
is produced for commercial purposes,
such as a blueberry bush. The definition
does not cover plants that produce a
bush after the normal crop is harvested
such as asparagus.
Commercial use means used in the
operation of a business activity engaged
in as a means of livelihood for profit by
the eligible producer.
County committee means the
respective FSA committee.
County office means the FSA or U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Service Center that is responsible for
servicing the farm on which the trees,
bushes, or vines are located.
Cutting means a piece of a vine which
was planted in the ground to propagate
a new vine for the commercial
production of fruit, such as grapes, kiwi
fruit, passion fruit, or similar fruit.
Deputy Administrator or DAFP means
the Deputy Administrator for Farm
Programs, FSA, USDA, or the designee.
Eligible nursery tree grower means a
person or legal entity that produces
nursery, ornamental, fruit, nut, or
Christmas trees for commercial sale.
Eligible orchardist means a person or
legal entity that produces annual crops
from trees, bushes, or vines for
commercial purposes.
FSA means the Farm Service Agency.
Lost means, with respect to the extent
of damage to a tree or other plant, that
the plant is destroyed or the damage is
such that it would, as determined by
FSA, be more cost effective to replace
the tree or other plant than to leave it
in its deteriorated, low-producing state.
Natural disaster means plant disease,
insect infestation, drought, fire, freeze,
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flood, earthquake, lightning, or other
natural occurrence of such magnitude or
severity so as to be considered
disastrous, as determined by the Deputy
Administrator.
Normal damage means the
percentage, as established for the area
by the FSA State Committee, of trees,
bushes, or vines in the individual stand
that would normally be damaged during
a calendar year for a producer.
Normal mortality means percentage,
as established for the area by the FSA
State Committee, of expected lost trees,
bushes, or vines in the individual stand
that normally occurs during a calendar
year for a producer. This term refers to
the number of whole trees, bushes, or
vines that are destroyed or damaged
beyond rehabilitation. Mortality does
not include partial damage such as lost
tree limbs.
Seedling means an immature tree,
bush, or vine that was planted in the
ground or other growing medium to
grow a new tree, bush, or vine for
commercial purposes.
Stand means a contiguous acreage of
the same type of trees (including
Christmas trees, ornamental trees,
nursery trees, and potted trees), bushes
(including shrubs), or vines.
State committee means the respective
FSA committee.
Tree means a tall, woody plant having
comparatively great height, and a single
trunk from which an annual crop is
produced for commercial purposes,
such as a maple tree for syrup, papaya
tree, or orchard tree. Trees used for pulp
or timber are not considered eligible
trees under this subpart.
Vine means a perennial plant grown
under normal conditions from which an
annual fruit crop is produced for
commercial market for human
consumption, such as grape, kiwi, or
passion fruit, and that has a flexible
stem supported by climbing, twining, or
creeping along a surface. Perennials that
are normally propagated as annuals
such as tomato plants, biennials such as
the plants that produce strawberries,
and annuals such as pumpkins, squash,
cucumbers, watermelon, and other
melons, are excluded from the term vine
in this subpart.
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§ 760.503
Eligible losses.
(a) To be considered an eligible loss
under this subpart:
(1) Eligible trees, bushes, or vines
must have been lost or damaged as a
result of natural disaster as determined
by the Deputy Administrator;
(2) The individual stand must have
sustained a mortality loss or damage, as
the case may be, loss in excess of 15
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percent after adjustment for normal
mortality or damage;
(3) The loss could not have been
prevented through reasonable and
available measures; and
(4) The trees, bushes, or vines, in the
absence of a natural disaster, would not
normally have required rehabilitation or
replanting within the 12-month period
following the loss.
(b) The damage or loss must be visible
and obvious to the county committee
representative. If the damage is no
longer visible, the county committee
may accept other evidence of the loss as
it determines is reasonable.
(c) The county committee may require
information from a qualified expert, as
determined by the county committee, to
determine extent of loss in the case of
plant disease or insect infestation.
(d) The Deputy Administrator will
determine the types of trees, bushes,
and vines that are eligible.
(e) An individual stand that did not
sustain a sufficient loss as specified in
paragraph (a)(2) of this section is not
eligible for payment, regardless of the
amount of loss sustained.
§ 760.504 Eligible orchardists and nursery
tree growers.
(a) To be eligible for TAP payments,
the eligible orchardist or nursery tree
grower must:
(1) Have planted, or be considered to
have planted (by purchase prior to the
loss of existing stock planted for
commercial purposes) trees, bushes, or
vines for commercial purposes, or have
a production history, for commercial
purposes, of planted or existing trees,
bushes, or vines;
(2) Have suffered eligible losses of
eligible trees, bushes, or vines occurring
between January 1, 2008, and September
30, 2011, as a result of a natural disaster
or related condition;
(3) Meet the risk management
purchase requirement as specified in
§ 760.104 or the waiver requirements in
§§ 760.105 or 760.107; and
(4) Have continuously owned the
stand from the time of the disaster until
the time that the TAP application is
submitted.
(b) A new owner of an orchard or
nursery who does not meet the
requirements of paragraph (a) of this
section may receive TAP payments
approved for the previous owner of the
orchard or nursery and not paid to the
previous owner, if the previous owner
of the orchard or nursery agrees to the
succession in writing and if the new
owner:
(1) Acquires ownership of trees,
bushes, or vines for which benefits have
been approved;
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25109
(2) Agrees to complete all approved
practices that the original owner has not
completed; and
(3) Otherwise meets and assumes full
responsibility for all provisions of this
part, including refund of payments
made to the previous owner, if
applicable.
(c) A producer seeking payment must
not be ineligible under the restrictions
applicable to citizenship and foreign
corporations contained in § 760.103(b)
and must meet all other requirements of
subpart B of this part.
(d) Federal, State, and local
governments and agencies and political
subdivisions thereof are not eligible for
payment under this subpart.
§ 760.505
Application.
(a) To apply for TAP, a producer that
suffered eligible tree, bush, or vine
losses that occurred:
(1) During calendar years 2008, 2009,
or 2010, prior to May 7, 2010, must
provide an application for payment and
supporting documentation to FSA no
later than July 6, 2010.
(2) On or after May 7, 2010, must
provide an application for payment and
supporting documentation to FSA
within 90 calendar days of the disaster
event or date when the loss of trees,
bushes, or vines is apparent to the
producer.
(b) The producer must submit the
application for payment within the time
specified in paragraph (a) of this section
to the FSA administrative county office
that maintains the producer’s farm
records for the agricultural operation.
(c) A complete application includes
all of the following:
(1) A completed application form
provided by FSA;
(2) An acreage report for the farming
operation as specified in part 718,
subpart B, of this chapter;
(3) Subject to verification and a loss
amount determined appropriate by the
county committee, a written estimate of
the number of trees, bushes, or vines
lost or damaged that is certified by the
producer or a qualified expert,
including the number of acres on which
the loss occurred; and
(4) Sufficient evidence of the loss to
allow the county committee to calculate
whether an eligible loss occurred.
(d) Before requests for payment will
be approved, the county committee:
(1) Must make an eligibility
determination based on a complete
application for assistance;
(2) Must verify actual qualifying
losses and the number of acres involved
by on-site visual inspection of the land
and the trees, bushes, or vines;
(3) May request additional
information and may consider all
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relevant information in making its
determination; and
(4) Must verify actual costs to
complete the practices, as documented
by the producer.
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§ 760.506
Payment calculations.
(a) Payment to an eligible orchardist
or nursery tree grower for the cost of
replanting or rehabilitating trees,
bushes, or vines damaged or lost due to
a natural disaster, in excess of 15
percent damage or mortality (adjusted
for normal damage or mortality), will be
calculated as follows:
(1) For the cost of planting seedlings
or cuttings, to replace lost trees, bushes,
or vines, the lesser of:
(i) 70 percent of the actual cost of the
practice, or
(ii) The amount calculated using rates
established by the Deputy Administrator
for the practice.
(2) For the cost of pruning, removal,
and other costs incurred for salvaging
damaged trees, bushes, or vines, or in
the case of mortality, to prepare the land
to replant trees, bushes, or vines, the
lesser of:
(i) 50 percent of the actual cost of the
practice, or
(ii) The amount calculated using rates
established by the Deputy Administrator
for the practice.
(b) An orchardist or nursery tree
grower that did not plant the trees,
bushes, or vines, but has a production
history for commercial purposes on
planted or existing trees and lost the
trees, bushes, or vines as a result of a
natural disaster, in excess of 15 percent
damage or mortality (adjusted for
normal damage or mortality), will be
eligible for the salvage, pruning, and
land preparation payment calculation as
specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this
section. To be eligible for the replanting
payment calculation as specified in
paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the
orchardist or nursery grower who did
not plant the stock must be a new owner
who meets all of the requirements of
§ 760.504(b) or be considered the owner
of the trees under provisions appearing
elsewhere in this subpart.
(c) Eligible costs for payment
calculation include costs for:
(1) Seedlings or cuttings, for tree,
bush, or vine replanting;
(2) Site preparation and debris
handling within normal horticultural
practices for the type of stand being reestablished, and necessary to ensure
successful plant survival;
(3) Pruning, removal, and other costs
incurred to salvage damaged trees,
bushes, or vines, or, in the case of tree
mortality, to prepare the land to replant
trees, bushes, or vines;
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(4) Chemicals and nutrients necessary
for successful establishment;
(5) Labor to plant seedlings or cuttings
as determined reasonable by the county
committee; and
(6) Labor used to transplant existing
seedlings established through natural
regeneration into a productive tree
stand.
(d) The following costs are not
eligible:
(1) Costs for fencing, irrigation,
irrigation equipment, protection of
seedlings from wildlife, general
improvements, re-establishing
structures, and windscreens.
(2) Any other costs not listed in
paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(6) of this
section, unless specifically determined
eligible by the Deputy Administrator.
(e) Producers must provide the county
committee documentation of actual
costs to complete the practices, such as
receipts for labor costs, equipment
rental, and purchases of seedlings or
cuttings.
(f) When lost stands are replanted, the
types planted may be different from
those originally planted. The alternative
types will be eligible for payment if the
new types have the same general end
use, as determined and approved by the
county committee. Payments for
alternative types will be based on the
lesser of rates established to plant the
types actually lost or the cost to
establish the alternative used. If the type
of plantings, seedlings, or cuttings
differs significantly from the types lost,
the costs may not be approved for
payment.
(g) When lost stands are replanted, the
types planted may be planted on the
same farm in a different location than
the lost stand. To be eligible for
payment, site preparation costs for the
new location must not exceed the cost
to re-establish the original stand in the
original location.
(h) Eligible orchardists or nursery tree
growers may elect not to replant the
entire eligible stand. If so, the county
committee will calculate payment based
on the number of qualifying trees,
bushes, or vines actually replanted.
(i) If a practice, such as site
preparation, is needed to both replant
and rehabilitate trees, bushes, or vines,
the producer must document the
expenses attributable to replanting
versus rehabilitation. The county
committee will determine whether the
documentation of expenses detailing the
amounts attributable to replanting
versus rehabilitation is acceptable. In
the event that the county committee
determines the documentation does not
include acceptable detail of cost
allocation, the county committee will
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pro-rate payment based on physical
inspection of the loss, damage,
replanting, and rehabilitation.
(j) The cumulative total quantity of
acres planted to trees, bushes, or vines
for which a producer may receive
payment under this part for losses that
occurred between January 1, 2008, and
September 30, 2011, will not exceed 500
acres.
§ 760.507
Obligations of a participant.
(a) Eligible orchardists and nursery
tree growers must execute all required
documents and complete the TAPfunded practice within 12 months of
application approval.
(b) Eligible orchardist or nursery tree
growers must allow representatives of
FSA to visit the site for the purposes of
certifying compliance with TAP
requirements.
(c) Producers who do not meet all
applicable requirements and obligations
will not be eligible for payment.
PART 783—[REMOVED]
3. Under the authority of 7 U.S.C.
8201 et seq., 7 CFR part 783 is removed.
■
PART 1416—2006 EMERGENCY
AGRICULTURAL DISASTER
ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS
4. The authority citation of part 1416
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: Title III, Pub. L. 109–234, 120
Stat. 474; 16 U.S.C. 3801, note.
Subpart H—[Removed]
5. Subpart H, consisting of
§§ 1416.700 through 1416.705, is
removed.
■
Signed in Washington, DC, on May 3, 2010.
Jonathan W. Coppess,
Administrator, Farm Service Agency, and
Executive Vice President, Commodity Credit
Corporation.
[FR Doc. 2010–10800 Filed 5–6–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410–05–P
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Bureau of Prisons
28 CFR Part 540
[BOP–1149]
RIN 1120–AB49
Inmate Communication With News
Media: Removal of Byline Regulations
AGENCY: Bureau of Prisons, Justice
Department.
ACTION: Interim final rule; technical
correction.
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 88 (Friday, May 7, 2010)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 25103-25110]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-10800]
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Rules and Regulations
Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________
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Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 88 / Friday, May 7, 2010 / Rules and
Regulations
[[Page 25103]]
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Farm Service Agency
7 CFR Parts 760 and 783
Commodity Credit Corporation
7 CFR Part 1416
RIN 0560-AH96
Tree Assistance Program
AGENCY: Farm Service Agency and Commodity Credit Corporation, USDA.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: This rule implements specific requirements for the Tree
Assistance Program (TAP) authorized by the Food, Conservation, and
Energy Act of 2008 (the 2008 Farm Bill). TAP provides disaster
assistance to eligible orchardists and nursery tree growers to replant
or rehabilitate trees, bushes, and vines that were lost due to natural
disaster. Orchardists and nursery tree growers who commercially raise
trees, bushes, and vines for which there were mortality losses in
excess of 15 percent, after adjustment for normal mortality, are
eligible for TAP payments. Eligible losses must have occurred between
January 1, 2008, and September 30, 2011. This rule specifies how the
TAP payments are calculated and when producers may apply for benefits.
This rule also removes regulations for prior tree disaster assistance
programs.
DATES: Effective Date: May 7, 2010.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Steven Peterson, Branch Chief,
Production, Emergencies and Compliance Division, Farm Service Agency
(FSA), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Mail STOP 0517, 1400
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250-0517. Telephone: (202)
720-5172; e-mail: Steve.Peterson@wdc.usda.gov. Persons with
disabilities who require alternative means for communication (Braille,
large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Target Center at
(202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background: This rule implements the specific requirements for TAP
as authorized by the 2008 Farm Bill (Pub. L. 110-246). Sections 12033
and 15101 of the 2008 Farm Bill authorize the Secretary of Agriculture
(Secretary) to assist eligible orchardists and nursery tree growers
that have incurred tree, bush, or vine mortality losses in excess of 15
percent, adjusted for normal mortality, due to natural disaster. TAP is
a cost-reimbursement program, which means that payments are calculated
based on estimated actual costs to replace or rehabilitate lost or
damaged trees, bushes, or vines. The replacement and rehabilitation
activities must take place within 12 months after the application is
approved. Payment is not made until the activities are completed.
Amendments to the 2008 Farm Bill contained in the Consolidated
Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009
(Pub. L. 110-329), an Act to Amend the Commodity Provisions of the
Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 and for other purposes (Pub.
L. 110-398), and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
(Pub. L. 111-5, the Recovery Act) authorized minor changes in how TAP
and the other standing disaster assistance programs are implemented.
The basic core of the TAP is specified in the 2008 Farm Bill. The
amendments extend the deadline for the required risk management ``buy-
in,'' discussed later in this document, exempt this rule from notice
and comment rulemaking and Paperwork Reduction Act requirements, and
allow the Secretary to provide equitable relief for producers who did
not have risk management coverage.
TAP will be similar in scope to the 2005 Hurricane Tree Assistance
Program specified in regulations in 7 CFR part 1416 and to the previous
TAP authorized by the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
(Pub. L. 107-171, commonly known as the 2002 Farm Bill) specified in
regulations in 7 CFR part 783. The 2005 Hurricane TAP and TAP (as
implemented by this rule) cover tree rehabilitation losses and
practices that were not covered by the TAP authorized by the 2002 Farm
Bill. The 2005 Hurricane TAP applied only in certain areas affected by
hurricanes while this TAP and these regulations apply nationally. The
previous programs were not subject to the adjusted gross income (AGI)
limits and risk management purchase requirement that now apply to all
the standing disaster programs authorized by the 2008 Farm Bill. TAP is
now funded through the Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust Fund; the
previous programs were limited to available funding. This rule
implements the TAP regulations in 7 CFR part 760, subpart F, and
removes the regulations for the previous two TAPs from 7 CFR part 783
and part 1416, subpart H.
General Eligibility Requirements
This rule implements the eligibility provisions for TAP, which is
one of five Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance programs
authorized by the 2008 Farm Bill. Sections 12033 and 15101 of the 2008
Farm Bill authorize the Secretary to assist producers who have had crop
and livestock losses due to adverse weather. FSA provides assistance
through five different programs:
Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP--referred to as Livestock
Indemnity Payments in the 2008 Farm Bill),
Livestock Forage Disaster Program (LFP),
Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-
Raised Fish (ELAP),
Supplemental Revenue Assistance Payments Program (SURE)
(which covers losses to tree crops such as apples and citrus, but not
the losses to trees covered by TAP), and
Tree Assistance Program (TAP).
This rule implements TAP in 7 CFR part 760, subpart F. The LIP
final rule, which was published in the Federal Register on July 2, 2009
(74 FR 31567-31578), revised 7 CFR part 760, subpart B, to provide the
general eligibility requirements for all the Supplemental Agricultural
Disaster Assistance programs including ELAP, LFP, LIP, SURE, and TAP.
Subpart B specifies administration of the programs, general
requirements to be an eligible producer, risk management purchase
requirement, buy-in waivers, equitable relief, payment limitations, and
other generally applicable requirements. Specific provisions for the
other disaster assistance programs have been
[[Page 25104]]
implemented through separate rulemakings.
TAP will be administered by FSA using funds from the Agricultural
Disaster Relief Trust Fund established under section 902 of the Trade
Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2497a). The disaster assistance programs
authorized by the 2008 Farm Bill are permanent or ``standing'' programs
that have similar scope to the previous ad hoc programs. The programs
are provided for in two separate places in the 2008 Farm Bill. First,
there is section 12033, which adds a new section 531 to the Federal
Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501-1524). Second, there is section
15101, which adds sections 901 through 903 to the Trade Act of 1974.
The provisions of the two sections as enacted are identical except that
the provisions in Title XV of the 2008 Farm Bill contain the funding
provisions for the program. Since then, there have been some
amendments, but the two sections of the 2008 Farm Bill are considered
to be interchangeable for the purposes of this rule, and an amendment
to one is, as a practical matter, an amendment to the other.
The final rule uses the words ``producer,'' ``participant,'' and
``eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower.'' ``Producers'' may apply
for TAP. ``Participants,'' who in most but not all cases are also
``eligible orchardist or nursery tree growers,'' are those producers
who meet the requirements to be eligible to receive TAP payments.
Payment Limitation
The 2008 Farm Bill limits how much a participant may receive from
the Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance programs.
In applying payment limitation for 2008 payments, subject to the
provision of part 1400, no entity or individual can receive more than
$100,000 per program year under TAP. This is an increase from the
previous TAPs, which had a limit of $75,000 per year for payees who
were considered separate payees under the part 1400 rules. For 2009
through 2011 payments, no individual or legal entity (excluding a joint
venture or general partnership) may receive, directly or indirectly,
more than $100,000 per program year under TAP. (A separate payment
limit of $100,000 applies to total benefits that one person or legal
entity may receive from LIP, LFP, ELAP, and SURE.)
For the purpose of determining payment limits, both indirect and
direct benefits are counted by attribution. In the case of a legal
entity, the same payment is attributed to the direct payee in the full
amount, and to those that have an indirect interest in the entity
commensurate with the amount of the interest. For example, under the
attribution rules that apply to TAP, assume:
Corporation A is in line to receive a $100,000 TAP
payment,
Corporation A is owned 50 percent by Individual A and 50
percent by Corporation B, and
Corporation B is owned 30 percent by Individual B and 70
percent by Individual C.
If so, Corporation A, for payment limitation purposes would be
considered to have received $100,000 and Individual C (who owns 70
percent of Corporation B, which owns half of Corporation A) would be
considered to have indirectly benefitted by the amount of $35,000 (50
percent times 70 percent of the $100,000). Even though no part of the
$100,000 was actually paid to Individual C, the amount of $35,000 would
count against individual C's overall payment limitation from TAP.
Assuming Individual C was already at the maximum payment limit,
Individual C would not have been eligible to receive $35,000; as a
result, the payment to Corporation A would be reduced by $35,000.
Additionally, a person or legal entity is limited to receiving
payments on a cumulative total of 500 acres planted to trees, bushes,
or vines that suffered losses occurring on or after January 1, 2008,
but before October 1, 2011. The previous TAP authorized by the 2002
Farm Bill had the same acreage limit.
The amount of any payment for which a participant may be eligible
under TAP may be reduced by any amount received by the participant for
the same or any similar loss from any other USDA disaster assistance
program.
In applying the limitation on AGI for 2008 payments, an individual
or entity is ineligible for payment under TAP if the individual's or
entity's average AGI exceeds $2.5 million for 2007, 2006, and 2005,
under the provisions in 7 CFR part 1400 in effect for 2008. For 2009
through 2011 payments, the average AGI limitation provisions in 7 CFR
part 1400 applicable to the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
commodity programs also apply to TAP. Specifically, for 2009 through
2011, a person or legal entity with an average adjusted gross nonfarm
income, as defined in 7 CFR 1400.3, that exceeds $500,000 for the
relevant base period will not be eligible to receive payments from TAP.
Likewise, if a person with an indirect interest in a legal entity has
an average nonfarm AGI over $500,000, then the payment to the legal
entity will be reduced as calculated based on the percent of that
person's indirect interest in the legal entity receiving the payment.
For example, continuing with the assumptions in the example above, if
Individual B had an average AGI that was over the limit, then the
payment to Corporation A will be reduced by 15 percent (Individual B's
30 percent interest in Corporation B times Corporation B's 50 percent
interest in Corporation A).
Payment and average AGI limits will be determined under regulations
specified in 7 CFR part 1400 for CCC commodity programs. TAP is an FSA
program, but the CCC regulations in 7 CFR part 1400 are adopted for
this program. The relevant AGI period for TAP and the other disaster
assistance programs for 2008 payments is the 3 calendar years that
precede the program year involved, namely, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
However, beginning with 2009, the AGI period is the 3 taxable years
preceding the most immediately preceding complete taxable year. Thus
for 2009 TAP benefits the base period would be the same as for 2008
benefits but would slide forward year by year in the subsequent years
so that the base for 2010 benefits would be tax years 2006, 2007, and
2008.
The regulations in 7 CFR 1400.5 specify how payments will be
attributed and how far the attribution will go. Attribution will be
tracked through four levels of ownership in legal entities. The 2008
Farm Bill removes the previous ``3 entity rule,'' so a person can now
receive benefits attributed through an unlimited number of entities,
subject to the payment limitation and the rules of attribution
described in 7 CFR part 1400 and the text above. In addition to these
limits, the 2008 Farm Bill imposes for TAP and other programs covered
in part 760 certain special limitations on payments to individuals who
are not citizens or to foreign corporations and these, which appear in
the previously issued subpart B of part 763, are separate from the
foreign person rules in 7 CFR part 1400. The limitations that apply in
part 763 can be found specifically in 7 CFR 760.103(b).
Risk Management Purchase Requirement
To be eligible for TAP payments, producers must meet the risk
management purchase requirement. The requirement is specified in 7 CFR
760.104. This is a new requirement; neither the 2005 Hurricane TAP nor
the previous TAP required the purchase of crop insurance or NAP
coverage.
The risk management purchase requirement specifies that eligible
participants must have purchased insurance for each insurable crop on
the
[[Page 25105]]
farm and for purposes of this program an individual or entity's farm is
deemed to include the entirety of their farming operations no matter
where located, in all counties and all states. A few exceptions allowed
by the 2008 Farm Bill are discussed later in this section. An
``insurable commodity'' means an agricultural commodity for which the
producer on the farm is eligible to obtain a policy or plan of
insurance under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (FCIA) from the USDA's
Risk Management Agency (RMA). A ``noninsurable commodity'' means a crop
for which the eligible producers on a farm are eligible to obtain
assistance through FSA's Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program
(NAP). In general, to be eligible for TAP payments, participants must
have obtained crop insurance or NAP coverage, as may be applicable, for
all of their crops.
Producers who did not purchase required coverage are not eligible
for benefits unless an exception applies. Certain waivers for
``socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers,'' as well as ``limited
resource farmers and ranchers,'' and ``beginning farmers or ranchers''
are provided by the 2008 Farm Bill and specified in 7 CFR 760.107.
For the 2008 crop year, otherwise eligible producers who paid a
certain buy-in fee were provided an exemption from the risk management
purchase requirement that would otherwise apply if the buy-in fee was
paid by September 16, 2008. By an amendment to the 2008 Farm Bill, a
second buy-in permitted participants to buy-in for the 2008 crop year
from February 17, 2009, up to May 18, 2009, to meet the risk management
purchase requirement; however, the participant had to agree to buy crop
insurance or NAP for the next crop year for the crops to which the buy-
in applied. The 2008 buy-in fee was equal to the cost of the minimal
catastrophic insurance coverage or NAP coverage, but did not, as with
other buy-in exemptions in TAP, entitle the participant to such
insurance or NAP coverage. Also, an amendment to the 2008 Farm Bill
allows a 2009 crop buy-in if the 2009 Federal Crop Insurance
Corporation (FCIC) sales closing date for a crop was prior to August
14, 2008. The deadline for the 2009 crop buy-in was January 12, 2009.
In addition to these provisions, section 531(g)(5) of FCIA (and the
corresponding provisions of the Trade Act of 1974; 7 U.S.C. 1531(g) and
19 U.S.C. 2497(g), respectively) have some more general provisions
allowing the Secretary discretion to grant equitable relief to certain
persons who lack coverage, as described below. The buy-in fees were
different for 2008 and 2009.
If a producer is ineligible or otherwise barred from the risk
management insurance program or NAP because of past violations and
those insurance programs would otherwise be available to that producer
absent such violations, that producer will also be ineligible for TAP.
Other circumstances preventing a producer from obtaining risk
management coverage may be addressed on a case-by-case basis, and the
Secretary or designee may determine a participant is eligible for TAP
even if FCIA or NAP coverage was not timely obtained; 7 CFR 760.106,
``Equitable Relief,'' provides for such relief. For example, equitable
relief may, at USDA's discretion, be considered for participants who
failed to meet the requirements of this rule because the 2008 Farm Bill
was enacted after the closing date for purchasing the applicable
insurance. Another example may be relief for a participant who made a
late planting decision due to weather-related causes. Relief will not
be considered or granted for producers who are in the RMA ineligibility
tracking system as those persons by their own actions were unable to
obtain insurance. Equitable relief is not an entitlement. A grant of
such relief is discretionary in nature, and USDA's refusal to consider
such relief or to grant a particular form of relief that is not
specifically mandated by the 2008 Farm Bill or the program regulations
will not be construed to be an adverse decision under either 7 CFR
parts 11 or 780 (the common appeals regulations that apply to most FSA
and CCC programs). There are, however, some cases in which the USDA
National Appeals Division (NAD) has authority on its own to grant
equitable relief and in all cases NAD, rather than FSA or CCC, decides
the extent of its jurisdiction consistent with whatever authorities
apply.
If an RMA pilot or Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR) insurance program
was the only insurance available in that area for that crop, buying
that insurance program for that crop will satisfy the risk management
purchase requirement for that crop. However, producers are not required
to purchase pilot or AGR insurance program coverage in order to meet
the risk management purchase requirement. Rather, producers can elect
not to obtain pilot or AGR insurance program coverage and meet the risk
management purchase requirement by obtaining either NAP coverage or by
paying the buy-in fee, as may be applicable.
Producers who did not obtain risk management coverage for all
eligible crops on a farm are ineligible for payment under TAP even if
some crops had risk management coverage, unless an exception or waiver
applies. The risk management purchase required for TAP eligibility
refers to insurance on the crop and production, not on the underlying
trees; further, the risk management purchase requirement includes crops
that are not eligible for TAP. For example, if a producer's farm
produces insured blueberries, insured apples, and corn, to be eligible
for TAP payment the producer must either buy coverage on the corn or
have made a ``buy-in,'' when such option was available as specified in
7 CFR part 760, subpart B. Producers, who meet all the eligibility
requirements, including risk management coverage, will qualify for
payment. A producer who does not meet the risk management purchase
requirement will not be eligible.
Eligible Losses and Eligible Producers for TAP
The 2008 Farm Bill provisions require TAP cost share payments to be
made for eligible losses due to natural disasters. TAP provides a
payment based on 70 percent of the cost of replacing trees, bushes, and
vines, and 50 percent of other costs including removing, pruning, or
salvaging damaged trees, bushes, and vines, or preparing the land to
plant new ones. The payment eligibility ``trigger'' is mortality losses
in excess of 15 percent, adjusted for normal damage and mortality.
Normal mortality losses are those associated with the normal upkeep of
the orchard or nursery in the region. Damage losses are not eligible
for payment unless the 15 percent mortality trigger is met. The
eligible mortality must have occurred between January 1, 2008, and
September 30, 2011, due to natural disaster, as determined by the
Secretary or his designee, during the calendar year for which benefits
are requested, including losses due to plant disease, insect
infestation, drought, fire, freeze, flood, earthquake, and lightning.
As the preceding sentence suggests, ``plant disease'' for this program
is, under the terms of the 2008 Farm Bill, considered to be a natural
disaster. Commercially-grown trees, vines, and bushes are eligible. All
the provisions described in this paragraph, which are implemented in
this rule, are provisions specified in the 2008 Farm Bill over which
FSA has little or no discretion.
The details in this rule on acceptable documentation of loss and
the application process for payment are discretionary provisions. FSA
based the
[[Page 25106]]
discretionary provisions of the program as specified in this rule on
the rules and policies used for previous TAPs, because those rules and
policies are known to the public and because they have worked well to
provide benefits for the type of loss involved in this program.
The scope of TAP is substantially similar to the previous TAPs,
with the following exceptions:
Payment limitation and the risk management purchase
requirement from the 2008 Farm Bill apply; the previous programs had a
lower payment limit and did not have a risk management purchase
requirement.
TAP payment is now calculated based on 70 percent of the
qualifying loss (the loss above 15 percent in excess of normal
mortality); the previous programs provided payment based on 75 percent
of that amount.
TAP now also includes a 50 percent payment for removing or
rehabilitating trees, bushes, and vines that were damaged; the previous
program in 7 CFR part 783 for the TAP authorized by the 2002 Farm Bill
did not have this provision but the 2005 Hurricane TAP in 7 CFR part
1416 included a 75 percent payment for such activities.
Nursery tree losses are now eligible for TAP payments; the
previous program in 7 CFR part 783 did not have this provision but the
2005 Hurricane TAP in 7 CFR part 1416 did. Nursery trees include
ornamental, fruit, nut, or Christmas trees produced for commercial
sale.
TAP is funded through the Agricultural Disaster Relief
Trust Fund; the previous programs were limited to available funding.
TAP payments will be calculated using cost share rates for the
specific type of tree, bush, or vine lost or damaged and practice
required to replant the stand or rehabilitate existing trees, bushes,
or vines. The calculations will be made using FSA-approved categories
of plants and practices. The categories will be the same as previous
TAPs.
The threshold for TAP payment eligibility is a mortality loss to a
stand of trees, bushes, or vines in excess of 15 percent above normal
mortality. That is the same loss threshold as the previous programs.
Normal losses, losses below the 15 percent threshold, and losses due to
causes other than natural disaster will not be eligible for payment.
For example, if 80 percent of the trees in the stand are lost, and
normal mortality in that area for that type of tree is 2 percent, then
payment will be calculated on the loss above 17 percent, which would be
63 percent. Payment would be equal to 70 percent of the costs to
replace 63 percent of the original stand. If the stand was a total loss
(100 percent loss), then payment would be equal to 70 percent of the
costs to replace 83 percent of that stand (100 percent minus 17
percent).
The 2008 Farm Bill specifies that TAP is for losses due to
``natural disaster,'' which the 2008 Farm Bill defines as ``plant
disease, insect infestation, drought, fire, freeze, flood, earthquake,
lightning, or other occurrence, as determined by the Secretary.'' An
eligible ``other occurrence'' will be determined by FSA's Deputy
Administrator for Farm Programs (Deputy Administrator) on behalf of the
Secretary. FSA has the authority to determine the eligibility of tree,
bush, or vine losses caused by or categorized as an ``other
occurrence'' depending on the disaster event resulting in the loss.
This is not a change from the previous TAPs. Loss claims will be
verified based on a physical inspection of the loss by an FSA
representative.
Generally under this new TAP, eligible orchardists or nursery tree
growers are producers who are considered to have planted the trees,
bushes, or vines for commercial purposes for the annual production of a
crop and who owned the stand of trees, bushes, or vines at the time the
natural disaster occurred. The owner of the orchard will be considered
to be the person who had planted the trees even though some of those
trees might have been planted before the orchard was purchased. For
clean-up expenses, such as pruning, the eligible producer may be a
party who was leasing the trees at the time of the disasters. Also, the
rule provides that in the event of a transfer of the eligible tree
after the disaster, the successor may qualify for benefits in lieu of
the preceding party if certain conditions are met. These rules appear
to be consistent with the intent of the 2008 Farm Bill to provide
benefits for all nurseries with otherwise qualifying losses and to
provide for the continuing health of existing orchards that have
suffered those losses.
Applying for TAP Payment; TAP Payment Calculations
There are three basic steps for a producer to obtain a TAP payment.
The first step is to file an application at the FSA county office
within 90 calendar days of the disaster event or date upon which the
loss of trees, bushes, or vines is apparent to the producer. Producers
who suffered a potentially eligible loss before this rule was published
in the Federal Register must provide an application to the FSA county
office within 60 calendar days after this rule is published.
The second step is a field visit to verify losses. After FSA
receives the application, FSA staff will make a field visit and
validate which practices are appropriate to address the losses. Upon
verification, FSA will inform the producer of the approved eligible
practices and estimated payment.
The third step is to complete the approved practices. The practices
must be completed within 12 months of FSA approval. Payment will be
made after the practices are completed.
Producers that suffer multiple losses during the calendar year may
file multiple applications for payment. This rule specifies the
documents that are required to show that practices are complete, such
as receipts for labor costs, equipment rental, and purchases of
seedlings or cuttings.
The TAP payment will be calculated based on the actual costs of the
approved practices, or the rates established by the Deputy
Administrator for the practices, whichever compensation amount is
lower. The payment rate for replanting and replacement of eligible
trees (those which involve greater than a 15 percent loss adjusted for
normal mortality), bushes, or vines is 70 percent of the producer's
actual costs so long as that 70 percent does not exceed the FSA
approved rate for the practices involved and if 70 percent of the
actual cost exceeds that rate then the producer will receive the FSA
rate and no more. The rate for rehabilitation of eligible trees,
bushes, or vines is generally 50 percent of the cost of pruning,
removal, and other costs incurred for salvaging the existing plants, or
in the case of plant mortality, to prepare land for replanting but here
also the 50 percent amount cannot exceed the maximum allowable FSA
rate. The 50 percent is only payable, however, for losses that reflect
a greater than 15 percent loss taking into account normal mortality and
damage.
A producer can be eligible for both categories of payment. For
example, a producer who replaces lost trees can apply for both a 50
percent cost share payment to remove the lost trees and prepare the
land, and a 70 percent cost share for the seedlings and labor to plant
the new ones. If, for example, not all the vines in a stand are lost, a
producer can apply for the 70 percent cost share to replace lost vines
and the 50 percent cost share to prune and rehabilitate less severely
damaged ones. If a practice, such as site preparation, is needed to
both replant and rehabilitate trees, bushes, or vines, the producer
must document the expenses
[[Page 25107]]
attributable to replanting versus rehabilitation. If that is not
possible because, for example, the activity took place several years
ago and the contractor who performed the work cannot provide a detailed
breakdown, the FSA county committee will pro-rate payment based on
physical inspection of the loss, damage, replanting, and
rehabilitation. Producers who did not plant the trees, bushes, or vines
that were lost, but have a history of commercial production, can be
eligible for the 50 percent cost share category to remove lost trees
and rehabilitate the damaged ones.
FSA, through the FSA State offices, will obtain recommendations
from applicable State orchard and nursery organizations, State
Cooperative Extension Services or, as applicable, the National
Institute of Food and Agriculture, and other knowledgeable and credible
sources, as FSA deems necessary and appropriate, to establish the
normal mortality rate and damage rate for each type of tree, bush, or
vine on a State-by-State basis. (Under the previous TAPs, normal
mortality rates established for most eligible plant species were about
one to three percent per year.)
SURE and TAP
In some cases, losses that are not eligible under TAP may be
eligible for SURE payments, and vice versa. The SURE program covers
losses to tree, vine, and bush crops that were covered by insurance or
NAP, while TAP provides cost reimbursement payments to offset the cost
of replacing or rehabilitating lost or damaged trees, vines, and
bushes. The two programs pay for different types of losses, but if
there were any overlap, benefits could be adjusted as needed.
The risk management purchase requirement for SURE includes some
exceptions, such as not requiring risk management coverage for minor
crops that do not apply to TAP. Therefore, risk management coverage
that qualifies a producer for SURE may not qualify that same producer
for TAP. If the risk management purchase does meet the requirements of
both SURE and TAP, the producer may be eligible for payment under both
programs.
Miscellaneous TAP Provisions
All owners, stands, and losses must meet the eligibility
requirements provided in this rule. False certifications can carry
serious consequences. FSA will validate information provided on
applications through random spot-checks.
As specified in 7 CFR part 760 subpart B, participants receiving
disaster assistance payments must keep records and supporting
documentation for 3 years following the end of the year in which the
application for payment was filed. This discretionary recordkeeping
requirement is consistent with other FSA rules and programs, as well as
with previous similar disaster assistance programs. Participants must
allow FSA representatives to conduct a site inspection to verify that
the TAP-funded practices have been completed.
Section 760.110 specifies that the appeal regulations specified in
7 CFR parts 11 and 780 apply. It also specifies that for all the new
standing disaster programs, matters requiring FSA determinations that
are not in response to, or result from, an individual disputable set of
facts in a specific individual participant's application, are not
matters that can be appealed under 7 CFR parts 11 or 780. These
include, but are not limited to, general statutory or regulatory
provisions that apply to similarly situated participants, national
average payment prices, regions, crop definition, average yields, or
similar items.
As specified in 7 CFR part 760 subpart B, restrictions apply to TAP
including, but not limited to, benefit ineligibility resulting from
violations of the highly erodible land and wetland conservation
provisions specified in 7 CFR part 12.
Notice and Comment
The Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing
Appropriations Act, 2009 made the exemption from notice and comments
provisions, contained in section 1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill,
applicable in implementing section 12033 of the 2008 Farm Bill. To the
extent relevant, the exemption applies, we believe, to the
corresponding provisions enacted in section 15101 since they are
identical excerpt for the provisions for funding in 15101, which do not
appear at all in section 12033. Otherwise, the provisions of the
Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing
Appropriations Act, 2009 would have no meaning. Therefore, these
regulations are exempt from the notice and comment requirements of the
Administrative Procedures Act (5 U.S.C. 553), as specified in section
1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill, which requires that the regulations
be promulgated and administered without regard to the notice and
comment provisions of 5 U.S.C. 553 or the Statement of Policy of the
Secretary of Agriculture effective July 24, 1971, (36 FR 13804)
relating to notices of proposed rulemaking and public participation in
rulemaking.
Effective Date
In making this final rule exempt from notice and comment through
section 1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill, using the administrative
procedure provisions in 5 U.S.C. 553, FSA finds that there is good
cause for making this rule effective less than 30 days after
publication in the Federal Register. This rule allows FSA to provide
benefits to producers who suffered tree, bush, or vine losses caused by
natural disasters. Therefore, to begin providing benefits to producers
as soon as possible, this final rule is effective when published in the
Federal Register.
Executive Order 12866
This rule has been designated as not significant under Executive
Order 12866 and has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and
Budget.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
This rule is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act since
FSA is not required to publish a notice of proposed rulemaking for this
rule.
Environmental Evaluation
In May 2007, FSA prepared a Final Programmatic Environmental
Assessment (PEA) to evaluate the environmental consequences associated
with implementing the changes to the Tree Assistance Program in 2005
under Title X Subtitle C of the 2002 Farm Bill using funding authorized
by Title III Section 3013 of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations
Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Hurricane Recovery, 2006
(Pub. L. 109-234). In consideration of the analysis documented in the
PEA and the reasons outlined in the Finding of No Significant Impact
(FONSI), which was published in the Federal Register on April 13, 2007
(72 FR 18622-18623), consistent with the provisions of the National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA, 42 U.S.C. 4321-4347), the regulations
of the Council on Environmental Quality (40 CFR parts 1500-1508), and
FSA regulations for compliance with NEPA (7 CFR part 799), FSA has
determined that the implementation of TAP consistent with the
provisions of the 2008 Farm Bill, would not constitute a major Federal
action that would significantly affect the quality of the human
environment. Therefore, an environmental impact statement will not be
prepared. The Final Programmatic Environmental Assessment (PEA) can be
viewed at:
[[Page 25108]]
https://www.fsa.usda.gov/Internet/FSA_File/final_tap_ea5_2007.pdf
and the FONSI can be viewed at: https://www.fsa.usda.gov/Internet/FSA_File/tap_fonsi.pdf.
Executive Order 12372
This program is not subject to Executive Order 12372, which
requires consultation with State and local officials. See the notice
related to 7 CFR part 3015, subpart V, published in the Federal
Register on June 24, 1983 (48 FR 29115).
Executive Order 12988
This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988. This rule
is not retroactive and it does not preempt State or local laws,
regulations, or policies unless they present an irreconcilable conflict
with this rule. Before any judicial action may be brought regarding the
provisions of this rule the administrative appeal provisions of 7 CFR
parts 11 and 780 must be exhausted.
Executive Order 13132
The policies contained in this rule do not have any substantial
direct effect on States, on the relationship between the Federal
Government and States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government. Nor does this
rule impose substantial direct compliance costs on State and local
governments. Therefore, consultation with the states is not required.
Executive Order 13175
The policies contained in this rule do not impose substantial
unreimbursed direct compliance costs on Indian tribal governments or
have tribal implications that preempt tribal law.
Unfunded Mandates
This rule contains no Federal mandates under the regulatory
provisions of Title II of the Unfunded Mandate Reform Act of 1995
(UMRA) for State, local, and tribal government or the private sector.
In addition, FSA was not required to publish a notice of proposed rule
making for this rule. Therefore, this rule is not subject to the
requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.
Federal Assistance Programs
The title and number of the Federal assistance program in the
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance to which this rule applies is
10.082--Tree Assistance Program.
Paperwork Reduction Act
The regulations in this rule are exempt from the requirements of
the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35), as specified in
section 1601(c)(2) of the 2008 Farm Bill, which provides that these
regulations be promulgated and administered without regard to the
Paperwork Reduction Act.
E-Government Act Compliance
FSA is committed to complying with the E-Government Act, to promote
the use of the Internet and other information technologies to provide
increased opportunities for citizen access to Government information
and services, and for other purposes.
List of Subjects
7 CFR Part 760
Dairy products, Indemnity payments, Pesticides and pests, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
7 CFR Part 783
Disaster assistance, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements,
Trees.
7 CFR Part 1416
Agriculture, Citrus fruits, Disaster assistance, Fish, Livestock,
Nursery stock.
0
For the reasons discussed above, the Farm Service Agency and Commodity
Credit Corporation, USDA, amends 7 CFR parts 760, 783, and 1416 as
follows:
PART 760--INDEMNITY PAYMENT PROGRAMS
0
1. The authority citation for part 760 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 4501; 7 U.S.C. 1531, 16 U.S.C. 3801, note,
and 19 U.S.C. 2497; Title III, Pub. L. 109-234, 120 Stat. 474; Title
IX, Pub. L. 110-28, 121 Stat. 211; and Sec. 748, Pub. L. 111-80, 123
Stat. 2131.
0
2. Add Subpart F to read as follows:
Subpart F--Tree Assistance Program
Sec.
760.500 Applicability.
760.501 Administration.
760.502 Definitions.
760.503 Eligible losses.
760.504 Eligible orchardists and nursery tree growers.
760.505 Application.
760.506 Payment calculation.
760.507 Obligations of a participant.
Subpart F--Tree Assistance Program
Sec. 760.500 Applicability.
(a) This subpart establishes the terms and conditions under which
the Tree Assistance Program (TAP) will be administered under Titles XII
and XV of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (Pub. L. 110-
246, the 2008 Farm Bill).
(b) Eligible orchardists and nursery tree growers will be
compensated as specified in Sec. 760.506 for eligible tree, bush, and
vine losses in excess of 15 percent mortality, or, where applicable, 15
percent damage, adjusted for normal mortality and normal damage, that
occurred in the calendar year for which benefits are being requested
and as a direct result of a natural disaster.
Sec. 760.501 Administration.
The program will be administered as specified in Sec. 760.102 and
in this subpart.
Sec. 760.502 Definitions.
The following definitions apply to this subpart. The definitions in
parts 718 and 1400 of this title also apply, except where they conflict
with the definitions in this section.
Bush means, a low, branching, woody plant, from which at maturity
of the bush, an annual fruit or vegetable crop is produced for
commercial purposes, such as a blueberry bush. The definition does not
cover plants that produce a bush after the normal crop is harvested
such as asparagus.
Commercial use means used in the operation of a business activity
engaged in as a means of livelihood for profit by the eligible
producer.
County committee means the respective FSA committee.
County office means the FSA or U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA) Service Center that is responsible for servicing the farm on
which the trees, bushes, or vines are located.
Cutting means a piece of a vine which was planted in the ground to
propagate a new vine for the commercial production of fruit, such as
grapes, kiwi fruit, passion fruit, or similar fruit.
Deputy Administrator or DAFP means the Deputy Administrator for
Farm Programs, FSA, USDA, or the designee.
Eligible nursery tree grower means a person or legal entity that
produces nursery, ornamental, fruit, nut, or Christmas trees for
commercial sale.
Eligible orchardist means a person or legal entity that produces
annual crops from trees, bushes, or vines for commercial purposes.
FSA means the Farm Service Agency.
Lost means, with respect to the extent of damage to a tree or other
plant, that the plant is destroyed or the damage is such that it would,
as determined by FSA, be more cost effective to replace the tree or
other plant than to leave it in its deteriorated, low-producing state.
Natural disaster means plant disease, insect infestation, drought,
fire, freeze,
[[Page 25109]]
flood, earthquake, lightning, or other natural occurrence of such
magnitude or severity so as to be considered disastrous, as determined
by the Deputy Administrator.
Normal damage means the percentage, as established for the area by
the FSA State Committee, of trees, bushes, or vines in the individual
stand that would normally be damaged during a calendar year for a
producer.
Normal mortality means percentage, as established for the area by
the FSA State Committee, of expected lost trees, bushes, or vines in
the individual stand that normally occurs during a calendar year for a
producer. This term refers to the number of whole trees, bushes, or
vines that are destroyed or damaged beyond rehabilitation. Mortality
does not include partial damage such as lost tree limbs.
Seedling means an immature tree, bush, or vine that was planted in
the ground or other growing medium to grow a new tree, bush, or vine
for commercial purposes.
Stand means a contiguous acreage of the same type of trees
(including Christmas trees, ornamental trees, nursery trees, and potted
trees), bushes (including shrubs), or vines.
State committee means the respective FSA committee.
Tree means a tall, woody plant having comparatively great height,
and a single trunk from which an annual crop is produced for commercial
purposes, such as a maple tree for syrup, papaya tree, or orchard tree.
Trees used for pulp or timber are not considered eligible trees under
this subpart.
Vine means a perennial plant grown under normal conditions from
which an annual fruit crop is produced for commercial market for human
consumption, such as grape, kiwi, or passion fruit, and that has a
flexible stem supported by climbing, twining, or creeping along a
surface. Perennials that are normally propagated as annuals such as
tomato plants, biennials such as the plants that produce strawberries,
and annuals such as pumpkins, squash, cucumbers, watermelon, and other
melons, are excluded from the term vine in this subpart.
Sec. 760.503 Eligible losses.
(a) To be considered an eligible loss under this subpart:
(1) Eligible trees, bushes, or vines must have been lost or damaged
as a result of natural disaster as determined by the Deputy
Administrator;
(2) The individual stand must have sustained a mortality loss or
damage, as the case may be, loss in excess of 15 percent after
adjustment for normal mortality or damage;
(3) The loss could not have been prevented through reasonable and
available measures; and
(4) The trees, bushes, or vines, in the absence of a natural
disaster, would not normally have required rehabilitation or replanting
within the 12-month period following the loss.
(b) The damage or loss must be visible and obvious to the county
committee representative. If the damage is no longer visible, the
county committee may accept other evidence of the loss as it determines
is reasonable.
(c) The county committee may require information from a qualified
expert, as determined by the county committee, to determine extent of
loss in the case of plant disease or insect infestation.
(d) The Deputy Administrator will determine the types of trees,
bushes, and vines that are eligible.
(e) An individual stand that did not sustain a sufficient loss as
specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section is not eligible for
payment, regardless of the amount of loss sustained.
Sec. 760.504 Eligible orchardists and nursery tree growers.
(a) To be eligible for TAP payments, the eligible orchardist or
nursery tree grower must:
(1) Have planted, or be considered to have planted (by purchase
prior to the loss of existing stock planted for commercial purposes)
trees, bushes, or vines for commercial purposes, or have a production
history, for commercial purposes, of planted or existing trees, bushes,
or vines;
(2) Have suffered eligible losses of eligible trees, bushes, or
vines occurring between January 1, 2008, and September 30, 2011, as a
result of a natural disaster or related condition;
(3) Meet the risk management purchase requirement as specified in
Sec. 760.104 or the waiver requirements in Sec. Sec. 760.105 or
760.107; and
(4) Have continuously owned the stand from the time of the disaster
until the time that the TAP application is submitted.
(b) A new owner of an orchard or nursery who does not meet the
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section may receive TAP payments
approved for the previous owner of the orchard or nursery and not paid
to the previous owner, if the previous owner of the orchard or nursery
agrees to the succession in writing and if the new owner:
(1) Acquires ownership of trees, bushes, or vines for which
benefits have been approved;
(2) Agrees to complete all approved practices that the original
owner has not completed; and
(3) Otherwise meets and assumes full responsibility for all
provisions of this part, including refund of payments made to the
previous owner, if applicable.
(c) A producer seeking payment must not be ineligible under the
restrictions applicable to citizenship and foreign corporations
contained in Sec. 760.103(b) and must meet all other requirements of
subpart B of this part.
(d) Federal, State, and local governments and agencies and
political subdivisions thereof are not eligible for payment under this
subpart.
Sec. 760.505 Application.
(a) To apply for TAP, a producer that suffered eligible tree, bush,
or vine losses that occurred:
(1) During calendar years 2008, 2009, or 2010, prior to May 7,
2010, must provide an application for payment and supporting
documentation to FSA no later than July 6, 2010.
(2) On or after May 7, 2010, must provide an application for
payment and supporting documentation to FSA within 90 calendar days of
the disaster event or date when the loss of trees, bushes, or vines is
apparent to the producer.
(b) The producer must submit the application for payment within the
time specified in paragraph (a) of this section to the FSA
administrative county office that maintains the producer's farm records
for the agricultural operation.
(c) A complete application includes all of the following:
(1) A completed application form provided by FSA;
(2) An acreage report for the farming operation as specified in
part 718, subpart B, of this chapter;
(3) Subject to verification and a loss amount determined
appropriate by the county committee, a written estimate of the number
of trees, bushes, or vines lost or damaged that is certified by the
producer or a qualified expert, including the number of acres on which
the loss occurred; and
(4) Sufficient evidence of the loss to allow the county committee
to calculate whether an eligible loss occurred.
(d) Before requests for payment will be approved, the county
committee:
(1) Must make an eligibility determination based on a complete
application for assistance;
(2) Must verify actual qualifying losses and the number of acres
involved by on-site visual inspection of the land and the trees,
bushes, or vines;
(3) May request additional information and may consider all
[[Page 25110]]
relevant information in making its determination; and
(4) Must verify actual costs to complete the practices, as
documented by the producer.
Sec. 760.506 Payment calculations.
(a) Payment to an eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower for
the cost of replanting or rehabilitating trees, bushes, or vines
damaged or lost due to a natural disaster, in excess of 15 percent
damage or mortality (adjusted for normal damage or mortality), will be
calculated as follows:
(1) For the cost of planting seedlings or cuttings, to replace lost
trees, bushes, or vines, the lesser of:
(i) 70 percent of the actual cost of the practice, or
(ii) The amount calculated using rates established by the Deputy
Administrator for the practice.
(2) For the cost of pruning, removal, and other costs incurred for
salvaging damaged trees, bushes, or vines, or in the case of mortality,
to prepare the land to replant trees, bushes, or vines, the lesser of:
(i) 50 percent of the actual cost of the practice, or
(ii) The amount calculated using rates established by the Deputy
Administrator for the practice.
(b) An orchardist or nursery tree grower that did not plant the
trees, bushes, or vines, but has a production history for commercial
purposes on planted or existing trees and lost the trees, bushes, or
vines as a result of a natural disaster, in excess of 15 percent damage
or mortality (adjusted for normal damage or mortality), will be
eligible for the salvage, pruning, and land preparation payment
calculation as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. To be
eligible for the replanting payment calculation as specified in
paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the orchardist or nursery grower who
did not plant the stock must be a new owner who meets all of the
requirements of Sec. 760.504(b) or be considered the owner of the
trees under provisions appearing elsewhere in this subpart.
(c) Eligible costs for payment calculation include costs for:
(1) Seedlings or cuttings, for tree, bush, or vine replanting;
(2) Site preparation and debris handling within normal
horticultural practices for the type of stand being re-established, and
necessary to ensure successful plant survival;
(3) Pruning, removal, and other costs incurred to salvage damaged
trees, bushes, or vines, or, in the case of tree mortality, to prepare
the land to replant trees, bushes, or vines;
(4) Chemicals and nutrients necessary for successful establishment;
(5) Labor to plant seedlings or cuttings as determined reasonable
by the county committee; and
(6) Labor used to transplant existing seedlings established through
natural regeneration into a productive tree stand.
(d) The following costs are not eligible:
(1) Costs for fencing, irrigation, irrigation equipment, protection
of seedlings from wildlife, general improvements, re-establishing
structures, and windscreens.
(2) Any other costs not listed in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(6)
of this section, unless specifically determined eligible by the Deputy
Administrator.
(e) Producers must provide the county committee documentation of
actual costs to complete the practices, such as receipts for labor
costs, equipment rental, and purchases of seedlings or cuttings.
(f) When lost stands are replanted, the types planted may be
different from those originally planted. The alternative types will be
eligible for payment if the new types have the same general end use, as
determined and approved by the county committee. Payments for
alternative types will be based on the lesser of rates established to
plant the types actually lost or the cost to establish the alternative
used. If the type of plantings, seedlings, or cuttings differs
significantly from the types lost, the costs may not be approved for
payment.
(g) When lost stands are replanted, the types planted may be
planted on the same farm in a different location than the lost stand.
To be eligible for payment, site preparation costs for the new location
must not exceed the cost to re-establish the original stand in the
original location.
(h) Eligible orchardists or nursery tree growers may elect not to
replant the entire eligible stand. If so, the county committee will
calculate payment based on the number of qualifying trees, bushes, or
vines actually replanted.
(i) If a practice, such as site preparation, is needed to both
replant and rehabilitate trees, bushes, or vines, the producer must
document the expenses attributable to replanting versus rehabilitation.
The county committee will determine whether the documentation of
expenses detailing the amounts attributable to replanting versus
rehabilitation is acceptable. In the event that the county committee
determines the documentation does not include acceptable detail of cost
allocation, the county committee will pro-rate payment based on
physical inspection of the loss, damage, replanting, and
rehabilitation.
(j) The cumulative total quantity of acres planted to trees,
bushes, or vines for which a producer may receive payment under this
part for losses that occurred between January 1, 2008, and September
30, 2011, will not exceed 500 acres.
Sec. 760.507 Obligations of a participant.
(a) Eligible orchardists and nursery tree growers must execute all
required documents and complete the TAP-funded practice within 12
months of application approval.
(b) Eligible orchardist or nursery tree growers must allow
representatives of FSA to visit the site for the purposes of certifying
compliance with TAP requirements.
(c) Producers who do not meet all applicable requirements and
obligations will not be eligible for payment.
PART 783--[REMOVED]
0
3. Under the authority of 7 U.S.C. 8201 et seq., 7 CFR part 783 is
removed.
PART 1416--2006 EMERGENCY AGRICULTURAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS
0
4. The authority citation of part 1416 continues to read as follows:
Authority: Title III, Pub. L. 109-234, 120 Stat. 474; 16 U.S.C.
3801, note.
Subpart H--[Removed]
0
5. Subpart H, consisting of Sec. Sec. 1416.700 through 1416.705, is
removed.
Signed in Washington, DC, on May 3, 2010.
Jonathan W. Coppess,
Administrator, Farm Service Agency, and Executive Vice President,
Commodity Credit Corporation.
[FR Doc. 2010-10800 Filed 5-6-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-05-P