Energy Conservation Standards for Residential Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps: Public Meeting and Availability of the Preliminary Technical Support Document, 14368-14372 [2010-6595]
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PART 418—RECALLS
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Sec.
418.1 [Reserved]
418.2 Notification.
418.3 Preparation and maintenance of
current, written recall procedures.
418.4 Records.
10 CFR Part 431
[Docket No. EERE–2008–BT–STD–0006]
RIN 1904–AB47
Energy Conservation Standards for
Residential Central Air Conditioners
and Heat Pumps: Public Meeting and
Availability of the Preliminary
Technical Support Document
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 450; 21 U.S.C. 451–
470, 601–695; 7 CFR 2.18, 2.53.
§ 418.1
[Reserved]
§ 418.2
Notification.
Each official establishment shall
promptly notify the local FSIS District
Office (see 9 CFR 300.3(c)) within 48
hours of learning or determining that an
adulterated or misbranded meat, meat
food, poultry, or poultry product
received by or originating from the
official establishment has entered
commerce, if the official establishment
believes or has reason to believe that
this has happened. The official
establishment shall inform the District
Office of the type, amount, origin, and
destination of the adulterated or
misbranded product.
§ 418.3 Preparation and maintenance of
current, written recall procedures.
Each official establishment shall
prepare and maintain written
procedures for the recall of any meat,
meat food, poultry, and poultry product
produced and shipped by the official
establishment for use should it become
necessary for the official establishment
to remove product from commerce.
These written procedures shall specify
how the official establishment will
decide whether to conduct a product
recall, and how the establishment will
effect the recall, should it decide that
one is necessary.
§ 418.4
Records.
All records, including records
documenting procedures required by
this part, shall be available for official
review and copying.
Done in Washington, DC, on March 19,
2010.
Alfred V. Almanza,
Administrator.
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AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of public meeting and
availability of preliminary technical
support document.
SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) will hold a public meeting
to discuss and receive comments on the
product classes that DOE plans to
analyze for purposes of establishing
energy conservation standards for
residential central air conditioners and
heat pumps; the analytical framework,
models, and tools that DOE is using to
evaluate amended standards for these
products; the results of preliminary
analyses performed by DOE for these
products; and potential energy
conservation standard levels derived
from these analyses that DOE could
consider for these products. DOE also
encourages written comments on these
subjects. DOE has prepared a
preliminary technical support document
(TSD), which is available at:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/
buildings/appliance_standards/
residential/central_ac_hp.html.
DATES: DOE will hold a public meeting
on Wednesday, May 5, 2010, from 9
a.m. to 5 p.m. in Washington, DC. Any
person requesting to speak at the public
meeting should submit such request,
along with an electronic copy of the
statement to be given at the public
meeting, before 4 p.m., Wednesday,
April 21, 2010. Written comments are
welcome, especially following the
public meeting, and should be
submitted by May 10, 2010.
ADDRESSES: The public meeting held at
the U.S. Department of Energy, Forrestal
Building, Room GE–086, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121. Please
note that foreign nationals participating
in the public meeting are subject to
advance security screening procedures.
If a foreign national wishes to
participate in the public meeting, please
inform DOE of this fact as soon as
possible by contacting Ms. Brenda
Edwards at (202) 586–2945 so that the
necessary procedures can be completed.
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Interested persons may submit
comments, identified by docket number
EERE–2008–BT–STD–0006, by any of
the following methods:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
• E-mail:
Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov Include
EERE–2008–BT–STD–0006 in the
subject line of the message.
• Postal Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards,
U.S. Department of Energy, Building
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE–2J,
Public Meeting for Residential Central
Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps,
EERE–2008–BT–STD–0006, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone (202) 586–2945. Please
submit one signed paper original.
• Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda
Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy,
Building Technologies Program, Sixth
Floor, 950 L’Enfant Plaza, SW.,
Washington, DC 20024. Telephone (202)
586–2945. Please submit one signed
paper original.
Instructions: All submissions must
include the agency name and docket
number.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents or a copy of
the transcript of the public meeting or
comments received, go to the U.S.
Department of Energy, Sixth Floor, 950
L’Enfant Plaza, SW., Washington, DC
20024, (202) 586–2945, between 9 a.m.
and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays. Please call Ms.
Brenda Edwards at (202) 586–2945 for
additional information regarding
visiting the Resource Room.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Direct requests for additional
information to Mr. Wes Anderson, U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Building Technologies, EE–2J, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121, (202) 586–
7335. E-mail:
Wes.Anderson@ee.doe.gov. In the Office
of General Counsel, contact Ms.
Elizabeth Kohl, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of General Counsel, GC–
71, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586–7796.
E-mail: Elizabeth.Kohl@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Statutory Authority
Part A of Title III of the Energy Policy
and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6291 et
seq.) (EPCA) established the Energy
Conservation Program for Consumer
Products Other than Automobiles.
Amendments expanded Title III of
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EPCA to include certain commercial
and industrial equipment, including
residential central air conditioners and
heat pumps. (42 U.S.C. 6292(3)) In
particular, the Energy Policy Act of
1992, Pub. L. 102–486 amended EPCA
to direct DOE to prescribe energy
conservation standards for those
residential central air conditioners and
heat pumps for which the Secretary
determines that standards ‘‘would be
technologically feasible and
economically justified, and would result
in significant energy savings.’’ (42 U.S.C.
6295(o)(2)(A), (o)(3))
DOE must design each standard for
these products to: (1) Achieve the
maximum improvement in energy
efficiency that is technologically
feasible and economically justified, and
(2) result in significant conservation of
energy. (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(A)) To
determine whether a proposed standard
is economically justified, DOE must,
after receiving comments on the
proposed standard, determine whether
the benefits of the standard exceed its
burdens to the greatest extent
practicable, considering the following
seven factors:
1. The economic impact of the
standard on manufacturers and
consumers of products subject to the
standard;
2. The savings in operating costs
throughout the estimated average life of
the covered products in the type (or
class) compared to any increase in the
price, initial charges, or maintenance
expenses for the covered products
which are likely to result from the
imposition of the standard;
3. The total projected amount of
energy savings likely to result directly
from the imposition of the standard;
4. Any lessening of the utility or the
performance of the covered products
likely to result from the imposition of
the standard;
5. The impact of any lessening of
competition, as determined in writing
by the Attorney General, that is likely to
result from the imposition of the
standard;
6. The need for national energy
conservation; and
7. Other factors the Secretary [of
Energy] considers relevant.
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(42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i))
Prior to proposing a standard, DOE
typically seeks public input on the
analytical framework, models, and tools
that will be used to evaluate standards;
the results of preliminary analyses; and
potential energy conservation standard
levels derived from these analyses. DOE
is publishing this document to
announce the availability of the
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preliminary TSD, which details the
preliminary analyses, discusses the
comments on the framework document,
and summarizes the preliminary results.
In addition, DOE is announcing a public
meeting to solicit feedback from
interested parties on its analytical
framework, models, and preliminary
results.
B. History of Standards Rulemaking for
Residential Central Air Conditioners
and Heat Pumps
1. Background
Part A of Title III of the Energy Policy
and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA),
Pub. L. 94163, as amended, created the
‘‘Energy Conservation Program for
Consumer Products Other Than
Automobiles.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6291–6309)
This program includes residential
central air conditioners and central airconditioning heat pumps (hereafter
referred to as central air conditioners
and heat pumps). (42 U.S.C. 6292(3))
The National Appliance Energy
Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA),
Pub. L. 100–12, established energy
conservation standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps as well as
requirements for determining whether
these standards should be amended.
Specifically, NAECA established energy
conservation standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps in the
form of minimum limits on the seasonal
energy efficiency ratio (SEER) for air
conditioners and for heat pumps
operating in the cooling mode, and on
the heating seasonal performance factor
(HSPF) for heat pumps operating in the
heating mode. (42 U.S.C. 6291(22)(C),
6295(d)) NAECA established the
following standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps: 10.0
SEER/6.8 HSPF for split systems, and
9.7 SEER/6.6 HSPF for single-package
systems. ‘‘Split systems’’ consist of
outdoor and indoor units which are
‘‘split’’ from each other and connected
via refrigerant tubing. The outdoor unit
resides outdoors and consists of a
compressor, heat exchanger coil, fan,
and fan motor. The indoor unit,
consisting of a heat exchanger coil,
resides either within a furnace or
blower-coil unit, and conditioned air is
conveyed to the home via ducts. In
‘‘single-package systems,’’ all the
components that comprise a split
system, including the air circulation
products, are placed in a single cabinet.
The single-package system resides
outdoors, and conditioned air is
conveyed to the home via ducts. These
standards became effective January 1,
1992 for split systems; standards for
single-package systems came into effect
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one year later. (42 U.S.C. 6295(d)(1),
(d)(2)). NAECA also required that DOE
conduct two cycles of rulemakings to
determine if more stringent standards
are economically justified and
technologically feasible. (42 U.S.C.
6295(d)(3))
Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6295(d)(3)(A),
DOE published a final rule in the
Federal Register on January 22, 2001
(2001 final rule), amending the energy
conservation standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps. 66 FR
7170. The amended standards would
have increased the minimum SEER to
13 for all central air conditioners and
heat pumps, with a corresponding HSPF
of 7.7. Id.
Shortly after the publication of the
2001 final rule, DOE postponed the
effective date of the rule to reconsider
the amended standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps. DOE then
promulgated a 12 SEER and 7.4 HSPF
standard in a final rule published May
23, 2002, 67 FR 36368. The U.S. Court
of Appeals for the Second Circuit,
however, ruled that DOE had
promulgated the 2002 final rule
improperly. Natural Resources Defense
Council v. Abraham, 355 F.3d 179 (2d
Cir. 2004). As a result, DOE published
a final rule on August 17, 2004, which
established a 13 SEER standard for all
central air conditioners and heat pumps,
excluding through-the-wall and spaceconstrained systems. 69 FR 50997. This
final rule constituted the first cycle of
revised standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps.
In separate court proceedings (New
York versus Bodman, No. 05 Civ. 7807
(S.D.N.Y. filed Sept. 7, 2005) and
Natural Resources Defense Council
versus Bodman, No. 05 Civ. 7808
(S.D.N.Y. filed Sept. 7, 2005) the
resulting consent decree (filed
November 6, 2006) adopted the
schedule for central air conditioners and
heat pumps that DOE published in its
January 2006 report to Congress,
requiring DOE to publish a final rule by
June 30, 2011, with a compliance date
of June 30, 2016. This final rule would
constitute the second cycle of revised
standards for central air conditioners
and heat pumps.
More recently, EPCA was amended by
the Energy Independence and Security
Act of 2007 (EISA 2007), Pub. L.
110140. In Section 306 of EISA 2007,
Congress directed DOE to: (1) Amend
test procedures for all covered products
(including central air conditioners and
heat pumps) to include standby-mode
and off-mode energy consumption
unless current test procedures already
fully account for an incorporate standby
mode and off mode energy consumption
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or an integrated test procedure is
technically infeasible, in which case
DOE must prescribe a separate standby
mode and off mode energy use test
procedure, if technically feasible (42
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2); and (2) incorporate
standby mode and off mode energy use
into any new or amended standard
published after July 1, 2010. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(3)) Because this energy
conservation standards rulemaking for
central air conditioners and heat pumps
will be completed in 2011, the
requirement to incorporate standbymode and off-mode energy use into the
energy conservation standards analysis
applies.
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2. Current Rulemaking Process
DOE prepared and published a notice
announcing the availability of the
framework document, ‘‘Energy
Conservation Standards Rulemaking
Framework Document for Residential
Central Air Conditioners and Heat
Pumps,’’ and a public meeting to discuss
the proposed analytical framework for
the rulemaking. 73 FR 32243 (June 6,
2008). DOE also posted the framework
document on its Web site describing the
procedural and analytical approaches
DOE anticipated using to evaluate the
establishment of energy conservation
standards for central air conditioners
and heat pumps. This document is
available at: https://
www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/
appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/
cac_framework.pdf. DOE held a public
meeting on June 12, 2008, to describe
the various rulemaking analyses DOE
would conduct, such as the engineering
analysis, the life-cycle cost (LCC) and
payback period (PBP) analyses, and the
national impact analysis (NIA); the
methods for conducting them; and the
relationship among the various
analyses. Manufacturers, trade
associations, and environmental
advocates attended the meeting. The
participants discussed nine major
issues: the scope of covered product
classes, definitions, test procedures,
DOE’s engineering analysis, life-cycle
costs, efficiency levels, regional
standards, efficiency metrics, and
energy savings.
DOE developed two spreadsheets for
analyzing the economic impacts of
standard levels—one that calculates
LCC and PBP, and one that calculates
national impacts.1 DOE prepared an
LCC and PBP spreadsheet that
1 For the notice of proposed rulemaking, DOE will
also develop an economic spreadsheet that will
evaluate the financial impacts on central air
conditioners and heat pump manufacturers that
may result from a standard level.
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calculates results for each of the
representative units analyzed.
This spreadsheet includes product
efficiency data that allows users to
determine LCC savings and PBPs based
on average values, and can also be
combined with Crystal Ball (a
commercially available software
program) to generate a Monte Carlo
simulation, incorporating uncertainty
and variability considerations. The
second economic spreadsheet calculates
the impacts of candidate standard levels
on shipments and the national energy
savings (NES) and net present value
(NPV) at various standard levels. There
is one national impact analysis
spreadsheet for all central air
conditioners and heat pumps. DOE has
posted both economic spreadsheets on
its Web site for review and comment by
interested parties.
Comments received since publication
of the framework document have helped
DOE identify and resolve issues
involved in the preliminary analyses.
Chapter 2 of the preliminary TSD,
available at the Web link provided in
the SUMMARY section of this notice,
summarizes and addresses the
comments received in response to the
framework document.
C. Specific Issues for Which DOE Is
Seeking Comment
DOE is specifically presenting two
issues regarding the energy conservation
standards rulemaking for residential
central air conditioners and heat pumps
in today’s notice. There are additional
issues presented throughout the
preliminary TSD for which DOE is also
seeking comment. DOE presents the
analysis methodologies throughout the
preliminary TSD and summarizes the
issues for which DOE seeks comment at
the end of the executive summary of the
preliminary TSD.
1. Consensus Agreement
On January 26, 2010, the AirConditioning, Heating and Refrigeration
Institute (AHRI), American Council for
an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE),
Alliance to Save Energy (ASE),
Appliance Standards Awareness Project
(ASAP), Natural Resources Defense
Council (NRDC), and Northeast Energy
Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP)
submitted a joint comment (hereafter
referred to as Joint Comment 5) to DOE
recommending minimum energy
conservation standards for residential
central air conditioners, heat pumps,
and furnaces. (AHRI, ACEEE, ASE,
ASAP, NRDC, and NEEP, Joint
Comment 5, No. #47 at pp. 1–33) The
Joint Comment 5 stated the original
consensus agreement was completed on
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October 13, 2009 and had 15 signatories,
including AHRI, ACEEE, ASE, NRDC,
ASAP, NEEP, Northwest Power and
Conservation Council (NPCC),
California Energy Commission (CEC),
Bard Manufacturing Company Inc.,
Carrier Residential and Light
Commercial Systems, Goodman Global
Inc., Lennox Residential, Mitsubishi
Electric & Electronics USA, National
Comfort Products, and Trane
Residential.
The Joint Comment 5 recommends
standards that divide the nation into
three regions for residential central air
conditioners and two regions for
residential furnaces based on the
population-weighted number of heating
degree days (HDD) of each State. States
with 5000 HDD or more are considered
as part of the northern region, while
States with less than 5000 HDD are
considered part of the southern region.
For residential central air conditioners,
the Joint Comment 5 establishes a third
region—the ‘‘southwest’’ region—which
is comprised of California, Arizona,
New Mexico, and Nevada. For furnaces,
the southwest region States are included
in the southern region. The compliance
date specified in the agreement is May
1, 2013 for non-weatherized furnaces
and January 1, 2015 for weatherized
furnaces.
In addition to the preliminary TSD,
DOE is making available on its Web site
the Joint comment 5, which can be
found: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/
buildings/appliance_standards/
residential/furnaces_boilers.html.
DOE specifically invites comment
from interested parties on the Joint
Comment 5. In particular, DOE is
interested in comments relating to the
proposed SEER, HSPF, and EER
requirements, the proposed regional
divisions, and the proposed compliance
dates for residential central air
conditioners and heat pumps.
2. Combined Rulemaking Approach
DOE is currently conducting or
planning separate standards
rulemakings for three interrelated
products: (1) Central air conditioners
and heat pumps; (2) gas furnaces; and
(3) furnace fans. These rulemakings are
subject to the following deadlines: (1)
June 30, 2011 for residential central air
conditioners and heat pumps, required
by consent decree; (2) May 1, 2011 for
furnaces, required as a condition of the
remand of a November 2007 final rule
amending the minimum energy
conservation standards for gas furnaces;
and (3) January 1, 2013 for furnace fans,
required by amendments to EPCA in
EISA 2007. (42 U.S.C. 6295(f)(4)(D))
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Rather than analyze each set of
products separately, DOE is considering
combining the analyses to examine how
the interaction between the three
products impacts the cost to consumers
and the energy savings resulting from
potential amended standards. If DOE
conducts such an analysis and the
results indicate that a combined
approach yields additional savings
beyond what can be achieved by
considering each product separately,
DOE may decide to pursue a combined
standards rulemaking that addresses all
three products, or two of the three
products (i.e., central air conditioners
and heat pumps and furnaces),
simultaneously. If such a combined
rulemaking is pursued, DOE would be
required to publish the combined final
rule by May 1, 2011 in order to comply
with the conditions of the remand
agreement for residential furnaces. DOE
is seeking comment from interested
parties relating to a combined
rulemaking regarding energy
conservation standards for residential
central air conditioners and heat pumps,
residential furnaces, and furnace fans.
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D. Summary of the Analyses Performed
by DOE
For central air conditioners and heat
pumps currently under consideration,
DOE conducted in-depth technical
analyses in the following areas: (1)
Engineering, (2) energy-use
characterization, (3) markups to
determine product price, (4) life-cycle
cost and payback period, and (5)
national impacts. These analyses
resulted in a preliminary TSD that
presents the methodology and results of
each of these analyses. The preliminary
TSD is available at the Web address
given in the SUMMARY section of this
notice. The analyses are described in
more detail below.
DOE also conducted several other
analyses that either support the five
major analyses or are preliminary
analyses that will be expanded in the
notice of proposed rulemaking (NOPR).2
These analyses include the market and
technology assessment, the screening
analysis, which contributes to the
engineering analysis, and the shipments
analysis, which contributes to the NIA.
In addition to these analyses, DOE has
begun some preliminary work on the
2 For past rulemakings under EPCA section 325,
DOE was required to issue an advanced notice of
proposed rulemaking (ANOPR) following
publication of the framework document. EISA 2007
eliminated this requirement. Given EISA 2007’s
revisions to EPCA, DOE is now using an alternative
process to provide the same information and ability
for public comment as the ANOPR, but without
publication of analyses in the Federal Register.
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manufacturer impact analysis and
identified the methods to be used for the
LCC subgroup analysis, the
environmental assessment, the
employment analysis, the regulatory
impact analysis, and the utility impact
analysis. DOE will expand on these
analyses in the NOPR.
Engineering Analysis
The engineering analysis establishes
the relationship between the
manufacturer selling price and
efficiency of a product DOE is
evaluating for energy conservation
standards. This relationship serves as
the basis for cost-benefit calculations for
individual consumers, manufacturers,
and the nation. The engineering analysis
identifies a representative baseline
product, which is the starting point for
analyzing technologies that provide
energy efficiency improvements.
Baseline product refers to a model or
models having features and technologies
typically found in the minimum
efficiency products currently offered for
sale. The baseline model in each
product class represents the
characteristics of certain central air
conditioners and heat pumps. After
identifying the baseline models, DOE
estimated manufacturer selling prices by
using a consistent methodology and
pricing scheme including material and
labor costs, and manufacturer’s
markups. In this way, DOE developed
‘‘manufacturer selling prices’’ for the
baseline and more efficient motor
designs. Later, in its Markups to
Determine Installed Price analysis, DOE
converts these manufacturer selling
prices into installed prices. In the
preliminary TSD, section 2.4 of chapter
2 and chapter 5 each provide detail on
the engineering analysis and the
derivation of the manufacturer selling
prices.
Markups To Determine Installed Price
DOE derives the installed prices for
products based on manufacturer
markups, retailer markups, distributor
markups, contractor markups, builder
markups, and sales taxes. In deriving
these markups, DOE has determined the
distribution channels for product sales,
the markup associated with each party
in the distribution channels, and the
existence and magnitude of differences
between markups for baseline products
(baseline markups) and for moreefficient products (incremental
markups). DOE calculates both overall
baseline and overall incremental
markups based on the product markups
at each step in the distribution channel.
The overall incremental markup relates
the change in the manufacturer sales
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price of higher efficiency models (the
incremental cost increase) to the change
in the retailer or distributor sales price.
In the preliminary TSD, section 2.5 of
chapter 2 and chapter 6 each provide
detail on the estimation of markups.
Energy Use Characterization
The energy use characterization
provides estimates of annual energy
consumption for central air conditioners
and heat pumps, which DOE uses in the
LCC and PBP analyses and the NIA.
DOE developed energy consumption
estimates for all of the product classes
analyzed in the engineering analysis, as
the basis for its energy use estimates. In
the preliminary TSD, section 2.6 of
chapter 2 and chapter 7 each provide
detail on the energy use
characterization.
Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period
Analyses
The LCC and PBP analyses determine
the economic impact of potential
standards on individual consumers. The
LCC is the total consumer expense for
a product over the life of the product.
The LCC analysis compares the LCCs of
products designed to meet possible
energy conservation standards with the
LCCs of the products likely to be
installed in the absence of standards.
DOE determines LCCs by considering
(1) total installed cost to the purchaser
(which consists of manufacturer selling
price, sales taxes, distribution chain
markups, and installation cost); (2) the
operating expenses of the products
(energy use and maintenance); (3)
product lifetime; and (4) a discount rate
that reflects the real consumer cost of
capital and puts the LCC in presentvalue terms. The PBP represents the
number of years needed to recover the
increase in purchase price (including
installation cost) of more efficient
products through savings in the
operating cost of the product. It is the
change in total installed cost due to
increased efficiency divided by the
change in annual operating cost from
increased efficiency. In the preliminary
TSD, section 2.7 of chapter 2 and
chapter 8 each provide detail on the
LCC and PBP analyses.
National Impact Analysis
The NIA estimates the NES and the
NPV of total consumer costs and savings
expected to result from new standards at
specific efficiency levels (referred to as
candidate standard levels). DOE
calculated NES and NPV for each level
for each candidate standard for central
air conditioners and heat pumps as the
difference between a base-case forecast
(without new standards) and the
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standards case forecast (with standards).
DOE determined national annual energy
consumption by multiplying the
number of units in use (by vintage) by
the average unit energy consumption
(also by vintage). Cumulative energy
savings are the sum of the annual NES
determined over a specified time period.
The national NPV is the sum over time
of the discounted net savings each year,
which consists of the difference
between total operating cost savings and
increases in total installed costs. Critical
inputs to this analysis include
shipments projections, retirement rates
(based on estimated product lifetimes),
and estimates of changes in shipments
and retirement rates in response to
changes in product costs due to
standards. In the preliminary TSD,
section 2.8 of chapter 2 and chapter 10
each provide detail on the NIA.
DOE consulted with interested parties
as part of its process for conducting all
of the analyses and invites further input
from the public on these topics. The
preliminary analytical results are
subject to revision following review and
input from the public. A complete and
revised TSD will be made available
upon issuance of a NOPR. The final rule
will contain the final analysis results
and be accompanied by a final rule TSD.
DOE encourages those who wish to
participate in the public meeting to
obtain the preliminary TSD from DOE’s
Web site and to be prepared to discuss
its contents. A copy of the preliminary
TSD is available at the Web address
given in the SUMMARY section of this
notice. However, public meeting
participants need not limit their
comments to the topics identified in the
preliminary TSD. DOE is also interested
in receiving views concerning other
relevant issues that participants believe
would affect energy conservation
standards for these products or that DOE
should address in the NOPR.
Furthermore, DOE welcomes all
interested parties, regardless of whether
they participate in the public meeting,
to submit in writing by May 10, 2010,
comments and information on matters
addressed in the preliminary TSD and
on other matters relevant to
consideration of standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps.
The public meeting will be conducted
in an informal, conference style. A court
reporter will be present to record the
minutes of the meeting. There shall be
no discussion of proprietary
information, costs or prices, market
shares, or other commercial matters
regulated by United States antitrust
laws.
After the public meeting and the
expiration of the period for submitting
VerDate Nov<24>2008
16:39 Mar 24, 2010
Jkt 220001
written statements, DOE will consider
all comments and additional
information that is obtained from
interested parties or through further
analyses, and it will prepare a NOPR.
The NOPR will include proposed energy
conservation standards for the products
covered by the rulemaking, and
members of the public will be given an
opportunity to submit written and oral
comments on the proposed standards.
Issued in Washington, DC, on February 22,
2010.
Cathy Zoi,
Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2010–6595 Filed 3–24–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450–01–P
NATIONAL CREDIT UNION
ADMINISTRATION
12 CFR Parts 701, 723 and 742
RIN 3133–AD68
Fixed Assets, Member Business
Loans, and Regulatory Flexibility
Program
AGENCY: National Credit Union
Administration (NCUA).
ACTION: Proposed rule with request for
comments.
SUMMARY: NCUA proposes to revise
certain provisions of its Regulatory
Flexibility Program (RegFlex) to
enhance safety and soundness for credit
unions. Those provisions pertain to
fixed assets, member business loans
(MBL), stress testing of investments, and
discretionary control of investments.
Some of these revisions will require
conforming amendments to NCUA’s
fixed assets and MBL rules.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before May 24, 2010.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments
by any of the following methods (Please
send comments by one method only):
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
• NCUA Web Site: https://
www.ncua.gov/
RegulationsOpinionsLaws/
proposed_regs/proposed_regs.html.
Follow the instructions for submitting
comments.
• E-mail: Address to
regcomments@ncua.gov. Include ‘‘[Your
name] Comments on Proposed Rule 742,
Regulatory Flexibility Program’’ in the email subject line.
• Fax: (703) 518–6319. Use the
subject line described above for e-mail.
• Mail: Address to Mary Rupp,
Secretary of the Board, National Credit
PO 00000
Frm 00012
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
Union Administration, 1775 Duke
Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314–
3428.
• Hand Delivery/Courier: Same as
mail address.
Public Inspection: All public
comments are available on the agency’s
website at https://www.ncua.gov/
RegulationsOpinionsLaws/comments as
submitted, except as may not be
possible for technical reasons. Public
comments will not be edited to remove
any identifying or contact information.
Paper copies of comments may be
inspected in NCUA’s law library at 1775
Duke Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314,
by appointment weekdays between
9 a.m. and 3 p.m. To make an
appointment, call (703) 518–6546 or
send an e-mail to OGCMail@ncua.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Frank Kressman, Staff Attorney, Office
of General Counsel, at the above address
or telephone (703) 518–6540.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Background—Regulatory Flexibility
Program
The RegFlex Program exempts from
certain regulatory restrictions and grants
additional powers to those federal credit
unions (FCUs) that have demonstrated
sustained superior performance as
measured by CAMEL ratings and net
worth classifications. 12 CFR 742.1. An
FCU may qualify for RegFlex treatment
automatically or by application to the
appropriate regional director. 12 CFR
742.2. Specifically, an FCU
automatically qualifies when it has
received a composite CAMEL rating of
‘‘1’’ or ‘‘2’’ for the two preceding
examinations and has maintained a net
worth classification of ‘‘well capitalized’’
under Part 702 of NCUA’s rules for six
consecutive preceding quarters or, if
subject to a risk-based net worth
(RBNW) requirement under Part 702,
has remained ‘‘well capitalized’’ for six
consecutive preceding quarters after
applying the applicable RBNW
requirement. An FCU that does not
automatically qualify may apply for a
RegFlex designation with the
appropriate regional director. 12 CFR
742.2(a) and (b). An FCU’s RegFlex
authority can be lost or revoked. 12 CFR
742.3.
The NCUA Board established RegFlex
in 2002. 66 FR 58656 (November 23,
2001). Since then, NCUA has amended
RegFlex a number of times to increase
available relief for FCUs from a variety
of regulatory restrictions or lessen the
criteria required for obtaining RegFlex
status. 71 FR 4039 (January 25, 2006); 72
FR 30247 (May 31, 2007); 74 FR 13083
(March 26, 2009).
E:\FR\FM\25MRP1.SGM
25MRP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 57 (Thursday, March 25, 2010)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 14368-14372]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-6595]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Part 431
[Docket No. EERE-2008-BT-STD-0006]
RIN 1904-AB47
Energy Conservation Standards for Residential Central Air
Conditioners and Heat Pumps: Public Meeting and Availability of the
Preliminary Technical Support Document
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of public meeting and availability of preliminary
technical support document.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) will hold a public meeting
to discuss and receive comments on the product classes that DOE plans
to analyze for purposes of establishing energy conservation standards
for residential central air conditioners and heat pumps; the analytical
framework, models, and tools that DOE is using to evaluate amended
standards for these products; the results of preliminary analyses
performed by DOE for these products; and potential energy conservation
standard levels derived from these analyses that DOE could consider for
these products. DOE also encourages written comments on these subjects.
DOE has prepared a preliminary technical support document (TSD), which
is available at:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/central_ac_hp.html.
DATES: DOE will hold a public meeting on Wednesday, May 5, 2010, from 9
a.m. to 5 p.m. in Washington, DC. Any person requesting to speak at the
public meeting should submit such request, along with an electronic
copy of the statement to be given at the public meeting, before 4 p.m.,
Wednesday, April 21, 2010. Written comments are welcome, especially
following the public meeting, and should be submitted by May 10, 2010.
ADDRESSES: The public meeting held at the U.S. Department of Energy,
Forrestal Building, Room GE-086, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585-0121. Please note that foreign nationals
participating in the public meeting are subject to advance security
screening procedures. If a foreign national wishes to participate in
the public meeting, please inform DOE of this fact as soon as possible
by contacting Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945 so that the
necessary procedures can be completed. Interested persons may submit
comments, identified by docket number EERE-2008-BT-STD-0006, by any of
the following methods:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
E-mail: Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov Include EERE-2008-BT-
STD-0006 in the subject line of the message.
Postal Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of
Energy, Building Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, Public Meeting
for Residential Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps, EERE-2008-BT-
STD-0006, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121.
Telephone (202) 586-2945. Please submit one signed paper original.
Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department
of Energy, Building Technologies Program, Sixth Floor, 950 L'Enfant
Plaza, SW., Washington, DC 20024. Telephone (202) 586-2945. Please
submit one signed paper original.
Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name and
docket number.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or a
copy of the transcript of the public meeting or comments received, go
to the U.S. Department of Energy, Sixth Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza, SW.,
Washington, DC 20024, (202) 586-2945, between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays. Please call Ms. Brenda Edwards
at (202) 586-2945 for additional information regarding visiting the
Resource Room.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Direct requests for additional
information to Mr. Wes Anderson, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies, EE-2J,
1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121, (202) 586-
7335. E-mail: Wes.Anderson@ee.doe.gov. In the Office of General
Counsel, contact Ms. Elizabeth Kohl, U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of General Counsel, GC-71, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington,
DC 20585, (202) 586-7796. E-mail: Elizabeth.Kohl@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Statutory Authority
Part A of Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42
U.S.C. 6291 et seq.) (EPCA) established the Energy Conservation Program
for Consumer Products Other than Automobiles. Amendments expanded Title
III of
[[Page 14369]]
EPCA to include certain commercial and industrial equipment, including
residential central air conditioners and heat pumps. (42 U.S.C.
6292(3)) In particular, the Energy Policy Act of 1992, Pub. L. 102-486
amended EPCA to direct DOE to prescribe energy conservation standards
for those residential central air conditioners and heat pumps for which
the Secretary determines that standards ``would be technologically
feasible and economically justified, and would result in significant
energy savings.'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(A), (o)(3))
DOE must design each standard for these products to: (1) Achieve
the maximum improvement in energy efficiency that is technologically
feasible and economically justified, and (2) result in significant
conservation of energy. (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(A)) To determine whether
a proposed standard is economically justified, DOE must, after
receiving comments on the proposed standard, determine whether the
benefits of the standard exceed its burdens to the greatest extent
practicable, considering the following seven factors:
1. The economic impact of the standard on manufacturers and
consumers of products subject to the standard;
2. The savings in operating costs throughout the estimated average
life of the covered products in the type (or class) compared to any
increase in the price, initial charges, or maintenance expenses for the
covered products which are likely to result from the imposition of the
standard;
3. The total projected amount of energy savings likely to result
directly from the imposition of the standard;
4. Any lessening of the utility or the performance of the covered
products likely to result from the imposition of the standard;
5. The impact of any lessening of competition, as determined in
writing by the Attorney General, that is likely to result from the
imposition of the standard;
6. The need for national energy conservation; and
7. Other factors the Secretary [of Energy] considers relevant.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i))
Prior to proposing a standard, DOE typically seeks public input on
the analytical framework, models, and tools that will be used to
evaluate standards; the results of preliminary analyses; and potential
energy conservation standard levels derived from these analyses. DOE is
publishing this document to announce the availability of the
preliminary TSD, which details the preliminary analyses, discusses the
comments on the framework document, and summarizes the preliminary
results. In addition, DOE is announcing a public meeting to solicit
feedback from interested parties on its analytical framework, models,
and preliminary results.
B. History of Standards Rulemaking for Residential Central Air
Conditioners and Heat Pumps
1. Background
Part A of Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of
1975 (EPCA), Pub. L. 94163, as amended, created the ``Energy
Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles.''
(42 U.S.C. 6291-6309) This program includes residential central air
conditioners and central air-conditioning heat pumps (hereafter
referred to as central air conditioners and heat pumps). (42 U.S.C.
6292(3))
The National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA),
Pub. L. 100-12, established energy conservation standards for central
air conditioners and heat pumps as well as requirements for determining
whether these standards should be amended. Specifically, NAECA
established energy conservation standards for central air conditioners
and heat pumps in the form of minimum limits on the seasonal energy
efficiency ratio (SEER) for air conditioners and for heat pumps
operating in the cooling mode, and on the heating seasonal performance
factor (HSPF) for heat pumps operating in the heating mode. (42 U.S.C.
6291(22)(C), 6295(d)) NAECA established the following standards for
central air conditioners and heat pumps: 10.0 SEER/6.8 HSPF for split
systems, and 9.7 SEER/6.6 HSPF for single-package systems. ``Split
systems'' consist of outdoor and indoor units which are ``split'' from
each other and connected via refrigerant tubing. The outdoor unit
resides outdoors and consists of a compressor, heat exchanger coil,
fan, and fan motor. The indoor unit, consisting of a heat exchanger
coil, resides either within a furnace or blower-coil unit, and
conditioned air is conveyed to the home via ducts. In ``single-package
systems,'' all the components that comprise a split system, including
the air circulation products, are placed in a single cabinet. The
single-package system resides outdoors, and conditioned air is conveyed
to the home via ducts. These standards became effective January 1, 1992
for split systems; standards for single-package systems came into
effect one year later. (42 U.S.C. 6295(d)(1), (d)(2)). NAECA also
required that DOE conduct two cycles of rulemakings to determine if
more stringent standards are economically justified and technologically
feasible. (42 U.S.C. 6295(d)(3))
Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6295(d)(3)(A), DOE published a final rule in
the Federal Register on January 22, 2001 (2001 final rule), amending
the energy conservation standards for central air conditioners and heat
pumps. 66 FR 7170. The amended standards would have increased the
minimum SEER to 13 for all central air conditioners and heat pumps,
with a corresponding HSPF of 7.7. Id.
Shortly after the publication of the 2001 final rule, DOE postponed
the effective date of the rule to reconsider the amended standards for
central air conditioners and heat pumps. DOE then promulgated a 12 SEER
and 7.4 HSPF standard in a final rule published May 23, 2002, 67 FR
36368. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, however, ruled
that DOE had promulgated the 2002 final rule improperly. Natural
Resources Defense Council v. Abraham, 355 F.3d 179 (2d Cir. 2004). As a
result, DOE published a final rule on August 17, 2004, which
established a 13 SEER standard for all central air conditioners and
heat pumps, excluding through-the-wall and space-constrained systems.
69 FR 50997. This final rule constituted the first cycle of revised
standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps.
In separate court proceedings (New York versus Bodman, No. 05 Civ.
7807 (S.D.N.Y. filed Sept. 7, 2005) and Natural Resources Defense
Council versus Bodman, No. 05 Civ. 7808 (S.D.N.Y. filed Sept. 7, 2005)
the resulting consent decree (filed November 6, 2006) adopted the
schedule for central air conditioners and heat pumps that DOE published
in its January 2006 report to Congress, requiring DOE to publish a
final rule by June 30, 2011, with a compliance date of June 30, 2016.
This final rule would constitute the second cycle of revised standards
for central air conditioners and heat pumps.
More recently, EPCA was amended by the Energy Independence and
Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007), Pub. L. 110140. In Section 306 of
EISA 2007, Congress directed DOE to: (1) Amend test procedures for all
covered products (including central air conditioners and heat pumps) to
include standby-mode and off-mode energy consumption unless current
test procedures already fully account for an incorporate standby mode
and off mode energy consumption
[[Page 14370]]
or an integrated test procedure is technically infeasible, in which
case DOE must prescribe a separate standby mode and off mode energy use
test procedure, if technically feasible (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2); and (2)
incorporate standby mode and off mode energy use into any new or
amended standard published after July 1, 2010. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(3))
Because this energy conservation standards rulemaking for central air
conditioners and heat pumps will be completed in 2011, the requirement
to incorporate standby-mode and off-mode energy use into the energy
conservation standards analysis applies.
2. Current Rulemaking Process
DOE prepared and published a notice announcing the availability of
the framework document, ``Energy Conservation Standards Rulemaking
Framework Document for Residential Central Air Conditioners and Heat
Pumps,'' and a public meeting to discuss the proposed analytical
framework for the rulemaking. 73 FR 32243 (June 6, 2008). DOE also
posted the framework document on its Web site describing the procedural
and analytical approaches DOE anticipated using to evaluate the
establishment of energy conservation standards for central air
conditioners and heat pumps. This document is available at: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/cac_framework.pdf. DOE held a public meeting on June 12, 2008, to
describe the various rulemaking analyses DOE would conduct, such as the
engineering analysis, the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period
(PBP) analyses, and the national impact analysis (NIA); the methods for
conducting them; and the relationship among the various analyses.
Manufacturers, trade associations, and environmental advocates attended
the meeting. The participants discussed nine major issues: the scope of
covered product classes, definitions, test procedures, DOE's
engineering analysis, life-cycle costs, efficiency levels, regional
standards, efficiency metrics, and energy savings.
DOE developed two spreadsheets for analyzing the economic impacts
of standard levels--one that calculates LCC and PBP, and one that
calculates national impacts.\1\ DOE prepared an LCC and PBP spreadsheet
that calculates results for each of the representative units analyzed.
This spreadsheet includes product efficiency data that allows users
to determine LCC savings and PBPs based on average values, and can also
be combined with Crystal Ball (a commercially available software
program) to generate a Monte Carlo simulation, incorporating
uncertainty and variability considerations. The second economic
spreadsheet calculates the impacts of candidate standard levels on
shipments and the national energy savings (NES) and net present value
(NPV) at various standard levels. There is one national impact analysis
spreadsheet for all central air conditioners and heat pumps. DOE has
posted both economic spreadsheets on its Web site for review and
comment by interested parties.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For the notice of proposed rulemaking, DOE will also develop
an economic spreadsheet that will evaluate the financial impacts on
central air conditioners and heat pump manufacturers that may result
from a standard level.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comments received since publication of the framework document have
helped DOE identify and resolve issues involved in the preliminary
analyses. Chapter 2 of the preliminary TSD, available at the Web link
provided in the SUMMARY section of this notice, summarizes and
addresses the comments received in response to the framework document.
C. Specific Issues for Which DOE Is Seeking Comment
DOE is specifically presenting two issues regarding the energy
conservation standards rulemaking for residential central air
conditioners and heat pumps in today's notice. There are additional
issues presented throughout the preliminary TSD for which DOE is also
seeking comment. DOE presents the analysis methodologies throughout the
preliminary TSD and summarizes the issues for which DOE seeks comment
at the end of the executive summary of the preliminary TSD.
1. Consensus Agreement
On January 26, 2010, the Air-Conditioning, Heating and
Refrigeration Institute (AHRI), American Council for an Energy
Efficient Economy (ACEEE), Alliance to Save Energy (ASE), Appliance
Standards Awareness Project (ASAP), Natural Resources Defense Council
(NRDC), and Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) submitted a
joint comment (hereafter referred to as Joint Comment 5) to DOE
recommending minimum energy conservation standards for residential
central air conditioners, heat pumps, and furnaces. (AHRI, ACEEE, ASE,
ASAP, NRDC, and NEEP, Joint Comment 5, No. 47 at pp. 1-33) The
Joint Comment 5 stated the original consensus agreement was completed
on October 13, 2009 and had 15 signatories, including AHRI, ACEEE, ASE,
NRDC, ASAP, NEEP, Northwest Power and Conservation Council (NPCC),
California Energy Commission (CEC), Bard Manufacturing Company Inc.,
Carrier Residential and Light Commercial Systems, Goodman Global Inc.,
Lennox Residential, Mitsubishi Electric & Electronics USA, National
Comfort Products, and Trane Residential.
The Joint Comment 5 recommends standards that divide the nation
into three regions for residential central air conditioners and two
regions for residential furnaces based on the population-weighted
number of heating degree days (HDD) of each State. States with 5000 HDD
or more are considered as part of the northern region, while States
with less than 5000 HDD are considered part of the southern region. For
residential central air conditioners, the Joint Comment 5 establishes a
third region--the ``southwest'' region--which is comprised of
California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Nevada. For furnaces, the
southwest region States are included in the southern region. The
compliance date specified in the agreement is May 1, 2013 for non-
weatherized furnaces and January 1, 2015 for weatherized furnaces.
In addition to the preliminary TSD, DOE is making available on its
Web site the Joint comment 5, which can be found: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/furnaces_boilers.html.
DOE specifically invites comment from interested parties on the
Joint Comment 5. In particular, DOE is interested in comments relating
to the proposed SEER, HSPF, and EER requirements, the proposed regional
divisions, and the proposed compliance dates for residential central
air conditioners and heat pumps.
2. Combined Rulemaking Approach
DOE is currently conducting or planning separate standards
rulemakings for three interrelated products: (1) Central air
conditioners and heat pumps; (2) gas furnaces; and (3) furnace fans.
These rulemakings are subject to the following deadlines: (1) June 30,
2011 for residential central air conditioners and heat pumps, required
by consent decree; (2) May 1, 2011 for furnaces, required as a
condition of the remand of a November 2007 final rule amending the
minimum energy conservation standards for gas furnaces; and (3) January
1, 2013 for furnace fans, required by amendments to EPCA in EISA 2007.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(f)(4)(D))
[[Page 14371]]
Rather than analyze each set of products separately, DOE is
considering combining the analyses to examine how the interaction
between the three products impacts the cost to consumers and the energy
savings resulting from potential amended standards. If DOE conducts
such an analysis and the results indicate that a combined approach
yields additional savings beyond what can be achieved by considering
each product separately, DOE may decide to pursue a combined standards
rulemaking that addresses all three products, or two of the three
products (i.e., central air conditioners and heat pumps and furnaces),
simultaneously. If such a combined rulemaking is pursued, DOE would be
required to publish the combined final rule by May 1, 2011 in order to
comply with the conditions of the remand agreement for residential
furnaces. DOE is seeking comment from interested parties relating to a
combined rulemaking regarding energy conservation standards for
residential central air conditioners and heat pumps, residential
furnaces, and furnace fans.
D. Summary of the Analyses Performed by DOE
For central air conditioners and heat pumps currently under
consideration, DOE conducted in-depth technical analyses in the
following areas: (1) Engineering, (2) energy-use characterization, (3)
markups to determine product price, (4) life-cycle cost and payback
period, and (5) national impacts. These analyses resulted in a
preliminary TSD that presents the methodology and results of each of
these analyses. The preliminary TSD is available at the Web address
given in the SUMMARY section of this notice. The analyses are described
in more detail below.
DOE also conducted several other analyses that either support the
five major analyses or are preliminary analyses that will be expanded
in the notice of proposed rulemaking (NOPR).\2\ These analyses include
the market and technology assessment, the screening analysis, which
contributes to the engineering analysis, and the shipments analysis,
which contributes to the NIA. In addition to these analyses, DOE has
begun some preliminary work on the manufacturer impact analysis and
identified the methods to be used for the LCC subgroup analysis, the
environmental assessment, the employment analysis, the regulatory
impact analysis, and the utility impact analysis. DOE will expand on
these analyses in the NOPR.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ For past rulemakings under EPCA section 325, DOE was
required to issue an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking (ANOPR)
following publication of the framework document. EISA 2007
eliminated this requirement. Given EISA 2007's revisions to EPCA,
DOE is now using an alternative process to provide the same
information and ability for public comment as the ANOPR, but without
publication of analyses in the Federal Register.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Engineering Analysis
The engineering analysis establishes the relationship between the
manufacturer selling price and efficiency of a product DOE is
evaluating for energy conservation standards. This relationship serves
as the basis for cost-benefit calculations for individual consumers,
manufacturers, and the nation. The engineering analysis identifies a
representative baseline product, which is the starting point for
analyzing technologies that provide energy efficiency improvements.
Baseline product refers to a model or models having features and
technologies typically found in the minimum efficiency products
currently offered for sale. The baseline model in each product class
represents the characteristics of certain central air conditioners and
heat pumps. After identifying the baseline models, DOE estimated
manufacturer selling prices by using a consistent methodology and
pricing scheme including material and labor costs, and manufacturer's
markups. In this way, DOE developed ``manufacturer selling prices'' for
the baseline and more efficient motor designs. Later, in its Markups to
Determine Installed Price analysis, DOE converts these manufacturer
selling prices into installed prices. In the preliminary TSD, section
2.4 of chapter 2 and chapter 5 each provide detail on the engineering
analysis and the derivation of the manufacturer selling prices.
Markups To Determine Installed Price
DOE derives the installed prices for products based on manufacturer
markups, retailer markups, distributor markups, contractor markups,
builder markups, and sales taxes. In deriving these markups, DOE has
determined the distribution channels for product sales, the markup
associated with each party in the distribution channels, and the
existence and magnitude of differences between markups for baseline
products (baseline markups) and for more-efficient products
(incremental markups). DOE calculates both overall baseline and overall
incremental markups based on the product markups at each step in the
distribution channel. The overall incremental markup relates the change
in the manufacturer sales price of higher efficiency models (the
incremental cost increase) to the change in the retailer or distributor
sales price. In the preliminary TSD, section 2.5 of chapter 2 and
chapter 6 each provide detail on the estimation of markups.
Energy Use Characterization
The energy use characterization provides estimates of annual energy
consumption for central air conditioners and heat pumps, which DOE uses
in the LCC and PBP analyses and the NIA. DOE developed energy
consumption estimates for all of the product classes analyzed in the
engineering analysis, as the basis for its energy use estimates. In the
preliminary TSD, section 2.6 of chapter 2 and chapter 7 each provide
detail on the energy use characterization.
Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analyses
The LCC and PBP analyses determine the economic impact of potential
standards on individual consumers. The LCC is the total consumer
expense for a product over the life of the product. The LCC analysis
compares the LCCs of products designed to meet possible energy
conservation standards with the LCCs of the products likely to be
installed in the absence of standards. DOE determines LCCs by
considering (1) total installed cost to the purchaser (which consists
of manufacturer selling price, sales taxes, distribution chain markups,
and installation cost); (2) the operating expenses of the products
(energy use and maintenance); (3) product lifetime; and (4) a discount
rate that reflects the real consumer cost of capital and puts the LCC
in present-value terms. The PBP represents the number of years needed
to recover the increase in purchase price (including installation cost)
of more efficient products through savings in the operating cost of the
product. It is the change in total installed cost due to increased
efficiency divided by the change in annual operating cost from
increased efficiency. In the preliminary TSD, section 2.7 of chapter 2
and chapter 8 each provide detail on the LCC and PBP analyses.
National Impact Analysis
The NIA estimates the NES and the NPV of total consumer costs and
savings expected to result from new standards at specific efficiency
levels (referred to as candidate standard levels). DOE calculated NES
and NPV for each level for each candidate standard for central air
conditioners and heat pumps as the difference between a base-case
forecast (without new standards) and the
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standards case forecast (with standards). DOE determined national
annual energy consumption by multiplying the number of units in use (by
vintage) by the average unit energy consumption (also by vintage).
Cumulative energy savings are the sum of the annual NES determined over
a specified time period. The national NPV is the sum over time of the
discounted net savings each year, which consists of the difference
between total operating cost savings and increases in total installed
costs. Critical inputs to this analysis include shipments projections,
retirement rates (based on estimated product lifetimes), and estimates
of changes in shipments and retirement rates in response to changes in
product costs due to standards. In the preliminary TSD, section 2.8 of
chapter 2 and chapter 10 each provide detail on the NIA.
DOE consulted with interested parties as part of its process for
conducting all of the analyses and invites further input from the
public on these topics. The preliminary analytical results are subject
to revision following review and input from the public. A complete and
revised TSD will be made available upon issuance of a NOPR. The final
rule will contain the final analysis results and be accompanied by a
final rule TSD.
DOE encourages those who wish to participate in the public meeting
to obtain the preliminary TSD from DOE's Web site and to be prepared to
discuss its contents. A copy of the preliminary TSD is available at the
Web address given in the SUMMARY section of this notice. However,
public meeting participants need not limit their comments to the topics
identified in the preliminary TSD. DOE is also interested in receiving
views concerning other relevant issues that participants believe would
affect energy conservation standards for these products or that DOE
should address in the NOPR.
Furthermore, DOE welcomes all interested parties, regardless of
whether they participate in the public meeting, to submit in writing by
May 10, 2010, comments and information on matters addressed in the
preliminary TSD and on other matters relevant to consideration of
standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps.
The public meeting will be conducted in an informal, conference
style. A court reporter will be present to record the minutes of the
meeting. There shall be no discussion of proprietary information, costs
or prices, market shares, or other commercial matters regulated by
United States antitrust laws.
After the public meeting and the expiration of the period for
submitting written statements, DOE will consider all comments and
additional information that is obtained from interested parties or
through further analyses, and it will prepare a NOPR. The NOPR will
include proposed energy conservation standards for the products covered
by the rulemaking, and members of the public will be given an
opportunity to submit written and oral comments on the proposed
standards.
Issued in Washington, DC, on February 22, 2010.
Cathy Zoi,
Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2010-6595 Filed 3-24-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P