Energy Conservation Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Test Procedure for Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts (Active and Standby Modes) and Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement Requirements for Consumer Products and Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment; Final Rule and Notice, 10950-10971 [2010-3841]
Download as PDF
10950
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Part 431
[Docket No. EERE–2008–BT–TP–0017]
RIN 1904–AB87
Energy Conservation Program for
Certain Commercial and Industrial
Equipment: Test Procedure for Metal
Halide Lamp Ballasts (Active and
Standby Modes) and Proposed
Information Collection; Comment
Request; Certification, Compliance,
and Enforcement Requirements for
Consumer Products and Certain
Commercial and Industrial Equipment;
Final Rule and Notice
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) is establishing metal
halide lamp ballast test procedures in
today’s final rule by which
manufacturers will demonstrate
compliance with the metal halide lamp
fixture energy conservation standards
mandated by the Energy Policy and
Conservation Act (EPCA), as amended.
These test procedures are based
primarily on and incorporate by
reference provisions of American
National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Standard C82.6–2005, ‘‘Ballasts for
High-Intensity Discharge Lamps—
Methods of Measurement.’’ As further
required by EPCA, DOE is establishing
a test method for measuring standby
mode power consumption and
explaining why off mode power
consumption does not apply to metal
halide lamp ballasts. The test
procedures’ standby mode provisions
are based on the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Standard 62301, ‘‘Household electrical
appliances—Measurement of standby
power.’’ This rule also adopts a number
of definitions for key terms.
DATES: These test procedures are
effective on April 8, 2010. The
incorporation by reference of a certain
publication listed in this rule is
approved by the Director of the Federal
Register as of April 8, 2010.
ADDRESSES: You may review copies of
all materials related to this rulemaking
at the U.S. Department of Energy,
Resource Room of the Building
Technologies Program, 950 L’Enfant
Plaza, SW., Suite 600, Washington, DC,
(202) 586–2945, between 9 a.m. and 4
p.m., Monday through Friday, except
Federal Holidays. Please call Ms.
Brenda Edwards at the above telephone
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
number for additional information
regarding visiting the Resource Room.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms.
Linda Graves, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE–2J,
1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 586–1851. E-mail:
Linda.Graves@ee.doe.gov.
For legal issues, contact Mr. Eric Stas,
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the
General Counsel, GC–71, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121.
Telephone: (202) 586–9507. E-mail:
Eric.Stas@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This rule
includes language that refers to the
following standard that has been
previously approved for incorporation
by reference:
ANSI C82.6–2005, Proposed Revision
of ANSI C82.6–1985 (ANSI C82.6),
American National Standard for lamp
ballasts—Ballasts for High-Intensity
Discharge Lamps—Methods of
Measurement, approved February 14,
2005.
Copies of this standard are available
from: American National Standards
Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th
Floor, New York, NY 10036, 212–642–
4900, or go to https://www.ansi.org.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
II. Summary of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. Definitions
B. Test Method for Measuring Energy
Efficiency of Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts
1. Test Setup and Conditions
a. Lamp Orientation
b. Power Supply, Ambient Test
Temperatures, and Instrumentation
c. Lamp Stabilization
2. Test Measurements
3. Ballast Efficiency Calculation
C. Test Method for Measuring Standby
Power of Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts
1. Overview of Test Method
2. Test Method and Measurements
3. Combining Measurements and Burden
D. Scope of Applicability of Standby Power
Test Procedure
E. Effective Date of Standby Mode Test
Method
F. Units To Be Tested
G. Submission of Data
H. Enforcement Provisions
I. Provisions for Compliance, Certification,
and Enforcement
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility
Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction
Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National
Environmental Policy Act
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 1999
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under the Treasury and General
Government Appropriations Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal
Energy Administration Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
I. Authority and Background
Title III of the Energy Policy and
Conservation Act (42 United States
Code (U.S.C.) 6291 et seq.; EPCA) sets
forth provisions to improve energy
efficiency. Part A 1 (42 U.S.C. 6291–
6309) establishes the Energy
Conservation Program for Consumer
Products Other Than Automobiles
(Program), which covers consumer
products and certain commercial
equipment, including metal halide lamp
fixtures. (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(19)) Metal
halide lamp fixtures contain metal
halide lamp ballasts. Because the metal
halide lamp fixture energy conservation
standards in EPCA establish a minimum
efficiency for the ballasts incorporated
into those fixtures, this test procedure
addresses measurement of metal halide
lamp ballast efficiency. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(A)).
The program generally includes
testing, labeling, and Federal energy
conservation standards. The testing
requirements consist of test procedures
prescribed under EPCA, that
manufacturers of covered equipment
must use: (a) As the basis for certifying
to DOE that their products comply with
energy conservation standards
promulgated under EPCA; and (b) for
representing the energy efficiency of
their products. Similarly, DOE must use
these test procedures when determining
whether the equipment complies with
energy conservation standards adopted
pursuant to EPCA.
EPCA established generally applicable
criteria and procedures for DOE’s
adoption and amendment of such test
procedures (42 U.S.C. 6293), and
provided that ‘‘[a]ny test procedures
prescribed or amended under this
section shall be reasonably designed to
produce test results which measure
energy efficiency, energy use, * * * or
estimated annual operating cost of a
covered product during a representative
average use cycle or period of use, as
determined by the Secretary [of Energy],
1 This part was originally titled Part B. It was
redesignated Part A in the United States Code for
editorial reasons.
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
and shall not be unduly burdensome to
conduct.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)).
For metal halide lamp ballasts,
section 324(c) of the Energy
Independence and Security Act of 2007
(Public Law (Pub. L.) 110–140; EISA
2007) amended EPCA and required DOE
to establish test procedures for metal
halide lamp ballasts—a newly covered
equipment type under the statute—as
follows: ‘‘(18) Metal halide lamp
ballasts.—Test procedures for metal
halide lamp ballasts shall be based on
ANSI Standard C82.6–2005, titled
‘Ballasts for High-Intensity Discharge
Lamps—Method of Measurement.’ ’’ (42
U.S.C. 6293(b)(18)).
Section 324(e) of EISA 2007 also
prescribed mandatory minimum
efficiency levels for pulse-start metal
halide lamp ballasts, magnetic probestart lamp ballasts, and nonpulse-start
electronic lamp ballasts that operate
[metal halide] lamps rated greater than
or equal to 150 watts (W) but less than
or equal to 500 W. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(A)) Excluded from these
energy conservation standards are
regulated lag ballasts,2 electronic
ballasts that operate at 480 volts, or
ballasts in fixtures that are: (1) Rated
only for 150 W lamps; (2) rated for use
in wet locations, as specified by the
National Electrical Code 2002, section
410.4(A); and (3) contain a ballast that
is rated to operate at ambient air
temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius
(°C), as specified in UL 1029–2001 by
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (42
U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(B)) These statutory
standards apply to metal halide lamp
fixtures manufactured on or after
January 1, 2009. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(C)).
DOE again notes that because of the
codification of the metal halide lamp
fixture provisions in 42 U.S.C. 6295, a
rulemaking for metal halide lamp
fixture energy conservation standards
and any associated test procedures are
subject to the requirements of the
consumer products provisions of Part A
of Title III. However, because metal
halide lamp fixtures (and their ballasts)
are generally considered to be
commercial equipment and consistent
with DOE’s previous action to
incorporate requirements of the Energy
Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005) for
commercial equipment into 10 CFR part
431 (‘‘Energy Efficiency Program for
Certain Commercial and Industrial
Equipment’’), DOE intends to place the
new requirements for metal halide lamp
fixtures (and ballasts) in 10 CFR part
2 A ‘‘regulated lag ballast’’ is the industry term for
a lag ballast with a third coil for improved lamp
power regulation.
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
431 for ease of reference. DOE notes that
the location of the provisions within the
CFR does not affect either the substance
or applicable procedure for metal halide
lamp ballasts; as such, DOE is placing
them in the appropriate CFR part based
upon the nature or type of those
products. Based upon their placement
into 10 CFR 431, metal halide lamp
ballasts will be referred to as
‘‘equipment’’ throughout this notice.
EISA 2007 further amended EPCA. In
relevant part here, section 310 of EISA
2007 includes a requirement that DOE
amend its test procedures, if technically
infeasible, to include standby mode and
off mode energy consumption in the
overall energy efficiency, energy
consumption, or other energy descriptor
for each covered product for which
DOE’s current test procedures do not
fully account for standby mode and off
mode energy consumption. If such
combined measure is technically
infeasible, DOE must prescribe a
separate standby mode and off mode
energy use test procedure, if technically
feasible. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)) Any
such amendment must consider the
most current versions of IEC Standards
62301, ‘‘Household electrical
appliances—Measurement of standby
power,’’ and 62087, ‘‘Methods of
measurement for the power
consumption of audio, video and related
equipment.’’ Id. Further, section 310 of
EISA 2007 provides that any final rule
establishing or revising energy
conservation standards adopted on or
after July 1, 2010, must incorporate
standby mode and off mode energy use.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(3)(A)) DOE notes
here that EPCA, as amended, requires
DOE to determine whether the energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures should be amended, and
if so, DOE must publish a final rule with
amended standards by January 1, 2012.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(2)).
Accordingly, pursuant to section 310
of EISA 2007 and given the potential for
amended energy conservation standards
for metal halide lamp fixtures that
address standby mode and off mode,
DOE has concluded that its metal halide
lamp ballast test procedure must
account for standby mode and off mode
energy consumption. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)) A DOE test procedure is
needed that accounts for standby mode
and off mode energy use, in order to
permit manufacturers to measure and
certify compliance with energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures that address those modes.
Today’s final rule will also provide DOE
a means for determining compliance
with any standard adopted for metal
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10951
halide lamp fixtures that includes such
energy consumption.
II. Summary of the Final Rule
As noted above, EPCA, as amended by
EISA 2007, states that test procedures
for metal halide lamp ballasts shall be
based on ANSI Standard C82.6–2005
(ANSI C82.6–2005), ‘‘Ballasts for High
Intensity Discharge Lamps—Methods of
Measurement.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18))
DOE found ANSI C82.6–2005 suitable
for testing metal halide lamp ballasts
because it contained all of the required
major elements to adequately measure
the efficiency of metal halide lamp
ballasts, as discussed in section III.B.
Accordingly, DOE has drawn on
relevant portions of ANSI C82.6–2005 in
developing its metal halide lamp ballast
test procedure. Specifically, today’s
final rule references the ballast power
loss measurement method (section 6.10)
of ANSI C82.6–2005 as the means of
determining the efficiency of metal
halide lamp ballasts, and references
other applicable sections of ANSI
C82.6–2005 for test conditions and
setup. The test procedure currently
applies to metal halide lamp ballasts
that operate lamps rated greater than or
equal to 150 W but less than or equal
to 500 W (although it is capable of
measuring ballasts operating lamps of
both higher and lower wattage ranges),
and the final rule establishes test
methodologies for measuring standby
mode power consumption, based on
relevant portions of IEC 62301 and
ANSI C82.6–2005. Finally, the final rule
establishes the sampling and efficiency
calculations to be used.
DOE reviewed the definitions of
‘‘standby mode’’ and ‘‘off mode’’
contained in EPCA section 325(gg)(1) in
the context of metal halide lamp
ballasts. (42 USC 6295(gg)(1)) DOE
found that, while it is possible for metal
halide lamp ballasts to operate in
standby mode, the off mode condition
does not apply because it addresses a
mode of energy use in which metal
halide lamp ballasts do not operate. For
this reason, today’s final rule prescribes
a test method for measuring power
consumption in standby mode (section
III.C), but it does not prescribe an off
mode test method. The prescribed
standby mode test will enable DOE to
consider and address standby mode
energy consumption in the next metal
halide lamp fixture energy conservation
standards rulemaking.
The ‘‘standby mode’’ definition
established by EISA 2007 does not
apply to all ballasts. 74 Federal Register
(FR) 33171, 33174 (July 10, 2009). There
are two types of ballasts (i.e., magnetic
and electronic), but only electronic
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
10952
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
ballasts or magnetic ballasts operating
with an auxiliary control device can
operate in standby mode. DOE
determined that standby mode applies
only to certain ballasts under certain
operating conditions. See sections III.A.
and III.C for a detailed discussion of the
definitions for ‘‘standby mode’’ and ‘‘off
mode,’’ as well as test methods for
standby mode.
As provided by EPCA, amendments to
the test procedures to include standby
mode and off mode energy consumption
shall not be used to determine
compliance with previously established
standards. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(C))
The inclusion of a standby mode test
method in this final rule will not affect
a manufacturer’s ability to demonstrate
compliance with the energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures that took effect January 1,
2009. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(C)(i)) The
standby mode test need not be
performed to determine compliance
with the current energy conservation
standards for metal halide lamp fixtures
because the standards do not account
for standby mode energy consumption.
Today’s final rule, which includes
provisions for measuring standby mode,
will become effective, in terms of
adoption into the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR), 30 days after the date
of publication in the Federal Register.
Manufacturers will be required to use
this test procedure’s standby mode
provisions to demonstrate compliance
with any future energy conservation
standards for metal halide lamp fixtures
as of the effective date of a final rule
establishing amended energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures that address standby mode
energy consumption. The introductory
sentence in section 431.324(c) reads as
follows: ‘‘The measurement of standby
mode need not be performed to
determine compliance with energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures at this time. The above
statement will be removed as part of the
rulemaking to amend the energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures to account for standby
mode energy consumption, and the
following shall apply on the compliance
date for such requirements.’’ The quoted
language will be removed in the
rulemaking to amend the EISA 2007
energy conservation standards for metal
halide lamp fixtures to address standby
mode power consumption. A statement
has also been added at 10 CFR
431.324(c) to clarify that on or after a
date 180 days after the date of
publication on this final rule, any
representations pertaining to standby
mode energy consumption must be
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
based upon testing under the relevant
provisions of this test procedure.
Although this is a statutory requirement
under 42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2), DOE has
concluded that it would be useful to
explicitly state this requirement in
DOE’s regulations.
III. Discussion
Before addressing specific technical
comments on the metal halide lamp
ballast test procedure notice of proposed
rulemaking (NOPR), DOE would first
summarize its general approach to this
rulemaking and address one related
comment. In the July 10, 2009 NOPR,
DOE proposed that only the active mode
and standby mode applied to metal
halide lamp ballasts, and tentatively
concluded that off mode is not
applicable. 74 FR 33171, 33172–73 (July
10, 2009). For the NOPR, DOE also
reviewed ANSI C82.6–2005 to
determine whether any additional
elements would be needed to provide a
complete test procedure, and tentatively
concluded that all elements required for
conducting efficiency measurements of
metal halide lamp ballasts are present in
ANSI C82.6–2005, including lamp
orientation, power supply
characteristics, operational test
temperatures, instrumentation
requirements, setup connections, and
lamp stabilization. In the NOPR, DOE
also discussed the ANSI standards
development process. Id. at 33173. DOE
affirms these tentative conclusions in
today’s final rule. Accordingly, after
carefully considering and addressing
comments on the NOPR, DOE is
adopting the applicable requirements
and methods of ANSI C82.6–2005 into
the DOE test procedure for metal halide
lamp ballasts. In addition, DOE adopts
a statistically meaningful method for
determining sample size as part of the
metal halide lamp ballast test
procedure, consistent with the sampling
plans used in other DOE test
procedures.
The National Electrical Manufacturers
Association (NEMA) informed DOE that
ANSI C82.6–2005 is in the process of
being revised, and suggested that DOE
or its contractors participate in the
standards development process.
(NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No.
11 at p. 8) DOE appreciates this
comment and understands the context
for NEMA’s suggestion. Although DOE
is supportive of the ANSI standardsetting process and DOE (or its
contractor) may consider participation
in that standards process, DOE is unable
to use a different version of C82.6–2005
at this time for two reasons: (1) DOE is
directed by the statute to base its test
procedure on the 2005 edition of ANSI
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
C82.6 for determining the efficiency of
metal halide lamp ballasts used in metal
halide lamp fixtures (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(18)); and (2) DOE needs to
adopt a test procedure for metal halide
lamp ballasts to address the current,
statutorily-prescribed standards for
ballasts contained in metal halide lamp
fixtures. DOE further notes that ANSI
C82.6–2005 is still active and is the
most current version of this test
procedure. DOE is concerned that
postponing this test procedure
rulemaking to wait for the updated
version of ANSI C82.6 to be issued
could cause a significant delay in
adoption of a test procedure for metal
halide lamp ballasts. If industry does
issue an revised version of ANSI C82.6,
DOE may update today’s adopted test
procedure when it considers
amendments as required by section
323(b)(1)(A) of EPCA. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(1)(A))
A. Definitions
DOE reviewed the relevant portions of
EISA 2007 and 10 CFR part 431 for
applicable existing definitions for use in
developing and applying the metal
halide lamp ballast test procedure. EISA
2007 amends EPCA, in part, by adding
definitions of key terms that are
applicable to the metal halide lamp
ballast test procedure, including
‘‘ballast,’’ ‘‘ballast efficiency,’’ ‘‘electronic
ballast,’’ ‘‘metal halide lamp ballast,’’
‘‘metal halide lamp,’’ ‘‘metal halide lamp
fixture,’’ ‘‘probe-start metal halide lamp
ballast,’’ and ‘‘pulse-start metal halide
lamp ballast.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6291) These
definitions were set forth in the July 10,
2009 NOPR. 74 FR 33171, 33173–74.
DOE discusses the terms ‘‘ballast,’’
‘‘ballast efficiency,’’ and ‘‘electronic
ballast’’ below, for which it codifies new
or revised definitions in today’s final
rule. The other terms, including ‘‘metal
halide lamp ballast,’’ ‘‘metal halide
lamp,’’ ‘‘metal halide lamp fixture,’’
‘‘probe-start metal halide lamp ballast,’’
and ‘‘pulse-start metal halide lamp
ballast’’ were previously inserted into
the CFR by the Technical Amendment
Final Rule and remain unchanged. 74
FR 12058, 12075–76 (March 23, 2009)).
‘‘Ballast’’
EISA 2007 provides a new definition
for the term ‘‘ballast’’ which is relevant
to metal halide lamp fixtures. This term
is defined as follows: ‘‘a device used
with an electric discharge lamp to
obtain necessary circuit conditions
(voltage, current, and waveform) for
starting and operating. (42 U.S.C.
6291(58)) This definition was already
adopted into DOE’s regulations for both
consumer products (10 CFR 430.2) and
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
commercial equipment (10 CFR
431.282) in the Technical Amendment
Final Rule. 74 FR 12058, 12064 (March
23, 2009). However, DOE is adopting
this definition into 10 CFR 431.322
without modifications in today’s final
rule.
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
‘‘Ballast Efficiency’’
EISA 2007 also provides a definition
for the term ‘‘ballast efficiency’’ which is
relevant to metal halide lamp fixtures.
(42 U.S.C. 6291(59)) This term was
adopted by DOE in the Technical
Amendment Final Rule (74 FR 12058,
12075 (March 23, 2009)) as follows: ‘‘in
the case of a high-intensity discharge
fixture, the efficiency of a lamp and
ballast combination, expressed as a
percentage.’’ Ballast efficiency is
calculated in accordance with the
formula presented with the definition
for the term ‘‘ballast efficiency’’ in the
Technical Amendment Final Rule (74
FR 12075, March 23, 2009).
In its comments on the NOPR, NEMA
recommended that the frequency
referenced in the definition of ‘‘ballast
efficiency’’ be increased from 2 kHz to
2.4 kHz, which includes the 40th order
of the total harmonic for frequencies
greater than 60 Hz. (NEMA, No. 21 at p.
4) DOE considered this comment, and
reviewed other related similar test
methods for related lighting products.
DOE found that ANSI C82.77–2002,
‘‘American National Standard for
Harmonic Emission Limits-Related
Quality Requirements for Lighting
Equipment,’’ requires harmonic
measurements up to the 40th harmonic.
DOE also recognizes that to increase the
frequency and include the 40th
harmonic will improve the accuracy and
repeatability of the test method adopted
for metal halide lamp ballasts, thereby
resulting in an improvement in the test
procedure overall. For all of these
reasons, DOE accepts NEMA’s
recommendation to extend ballast
efficiency measurement to 2.4 kHz, and
has amended the definition adopted in
today’s final rule accordingly.
‘‘Electronic Ballast’’
EISA 2007 provides a definition for
the term ‘‘electronic ballast’’ which is
relevant to metal halide lamp fixtures.
This term is defined as follows: ‘‘a
device that uses semiconductors as the
primary means to control lamp starting
and operation.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6291(60))
This definition was already adopted
into DOE’s regulations for consumer
products (10 CFR 430.2) in the
Technical Amendment Final Rule. 74
FR 12058, 12065 (March 23, 2009).
However, DOE is adopting this
definition into 10 CFR 431.322 without
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
modification in today’s final rule. As
stated in its NOPR, DOE notes that it
interprets this definition to include
equipment commonly referred to as
‘‘nonpulse-start electronic ballasts.’’ 74
FR 33171, 33173 (July 10, 2009). DOE
notes that this interpretation is by no
means limited to such ballasts, and that
other types of electronic ballasts such as
‘‘pulse-start electronic ballasts’’ would
fall under this statutory definition.
‘‘Basic Model’’
In addition to the terms discussed
above, in today’s final rule, DOE is
amending 10 CFR 431.322, ‘‘Definitions
concerning metal halide lamp ballasts
and fixtures,’’ by adding a definition for
‘‘basic model’’ as it relates to metal
halide lamp ballasts. DOE is also
inserting definitions for terms
associated with the measurement of
standby mode power consumption for
metal halide lamp ballasts. These terms
are ‘‘active mode,’’ ‘‘standby mode,’’ ‘‘off
mode,’’ ‘‘alternating current (AC) control
signal,’’ ‘‘direct current (DC) control
signal,’’ ‘‘power line carrier (PLC)
control signal,’’ and ‘‘wireless control
signal.’’ It should be noted that the
statute provides definitions for three
modes of energy consumption (i.e.,
active, standby, and off modes) that are
applicable to a broad set of consumer
products and commercial equipment,
including metal halide lamp ballasts.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)) DOE adopts
definitions for the terms ‘‘active mode,’’
‘‘standby mode,’’ and ‘‘off mode’’ in
today’s final rule.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a
definition for a metal halide lamp
ballast ‘‘basic model’’ at 10 CFR 431.322
based on the existing ‘‘basic model’’
definition for a fluorescent lamp ballast
at 10 CFR 430.2. 74 FR 33171, 33174
(July 10, 2009). The proposed definition
of the term ‘‘basic model’’ reads as
follows: ‘‘with respect to metal halide
[lamp] ballasts, as all units of a given
type of metal halide [lamp] ballast (or
class thereof) that: (1) Are rated to
operate a given lamp type and wattage;
(2) Have essentially identical electrical
characteristics; and (3) Have no differing
electrical, physical, or functional
characteristics that affect energy
consumption.’’ Id. at 33184. DOE did not
receive any comments on this proposed
definition, and, therefore, is adopting it
in today’s final rule without substantive
modification.
‘‘Active Mode’’
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt
the statutory definition for ‘‘active
mode’’ as it applies to metal halide lamp
ballasts. EPCA defines ‘‘active mode’’ as
‘‘the condition in which an energy-using
PO 00000
Frm 00005
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10953
product—(I) is connected to a main
power source; (II) has been activated;
and (III) provides 1 or more main
functions.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(i))
In the NOPR, DOE stated that the main
function of the metal halide lamp ballast
is to operate one or more metal halide
lamps (i.e., starting the lamp and
regulating the current, voltage, or power
of the lamp). DOE also stated that there
are many different types of ballasts that
could be considered ‘‘metal halide lamp
ballasts,’’ but the main function common
to all of them is that they are designed
to operate metal halide lamps. DOE did
not discriminate between nondimmable 3 and dimmable 4 ballasts
when considering active mode; rather,
DOE interprets active mode as being
applicable to any amount of rated
system light output (i.e., greater than
zero percent of the rated system light
output). 74 FR 33171, 33174 (July 10,
2009). DOE received a comment from
NEMA on this initial interpretation.
NEMA requested that the term ‘‘active
mode’’ be defined as operation of a
metal halide lamp ballast at 100 percent
of rated power. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4)
DOE considered this comment, but is
unable to adopt NEMA’s proposed
revision to the definition of ‘‘active
mode.’’ DOE’s view that active mode
applies to a functioning ballast
operating with any amount of rated
system light output (i.e., greater than
zero percent) has not changed (however,
see the ‘‘fault load’’ discussion
immediately below), and no new
information has been introduced by the
commenter that would cause DOE to
adopt the commenter’s suggested
interpretation of ‘‘active mode.’’ If a
ballast is dimming (operating the light
source greater than zero percent, but
less than 100 percent) the lamp and the
ballast are both still in active mode.
Although DOE did not address this
condition in the NOPR, DOE wishes to
clarify that a ballast connected to a fault
load (i.e., a lamp that is no longer
working) is considered by DOE to be in
active mode. In this mode, the ballast
meets all three criteria for active mode
function. The ballast is: (1) Connected to
a main power source; (2) activated; and
(3) providing its main function, which
is to apply a voltage across the sockets
in an attempt to start and operate a
lamp. Therefore, active mode for metal
halide lamp ballasts is considered to be
the condition in which the ballast
provides either: (1) A regulated current
3 Non-dimmable ballasts would operate the lamp
or lamps in active mode at 100 percent of the rated
system light output.
4 Dimmable ballasts may vary the system light
output from 100 percent to some lower level of light
output, either in steps or continuously.
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
10954
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
to a properly-installed functional lamp;
or (2) a voltage to the sockets to start
and operate a lamp if a functional lamp
were properly installed. DOE no longer
believes that a ballast is in active mode
only when the light output is any
percentage greater than zero of the rated
system light output because such a
definition presupposes that a functional
lamp is properly installed. Although,
DOE is changing its interpretation of
active mode, DOE’s interpretation of
standby mode and off mode remain the
same as in the January 2009 NOPR. 74
FR 33171, 33174–75 (July 10, 2009).
Furthermore, the interpretation of active
mode in this final rule is consistent with
other DOE interpretations for similar
types of equipment and products (i.e.,
ballasts). DOE had this same
interpretation in the fluorescent lamp
ballast standby test procedure 74 FR
54445, 54447 (Oct. 22, 2009).
‘‘Standby Mode’’
‘‘Standby mode’’ is defined under
EPCA as ‘‘the condition in which an
energy-using product—(I) is connected
to a main power source; and (II) offers
1 or more of the following user-oriented
or protective functions: (aa) To facilitate
the activation or deactivation of other
functions (including active mode) by
remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer. (bb)
Continuous functions, including
information or status displays
(including clocks) or sensor-based
functions.’’ (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)) As discussed below,
two key aspects of this definition relate
to metal halide lamp ballasts: (1)
Connected to a main power source; and
(2) offering the activation or
deactivation of other functions by
remote switch or internal sensor.
The definition of ‘‘standby mode’’ in
part requires that ballasts be connected
to their main power source. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)(I)) This ‘‘connected’’
requirement effectively precludes the
majority of ballasts from having standby
mode energy consumption, because
most ballasts are operated with on-off
switches, circuit breakers, or other
relays that disconnect the ballast from
the main power source. Although
further consideration of such ballasts is
unnecessary because their operational
design falls outside the statutory
definition of ‘‘standby mode,’’ DOE
would characterize their operation in
such situations as follows: Once the
ballast is disconnected from the main
power source, the ballast ceases to
operate the lamp, and the ballast
consumes no energy. The vast majority
of metal halide lamp ballasts do not
consume power when they are switched
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
off. Based on the statutory definition of
‘‘standby mode,’’ ballasts controlled by
disconnecting the ballast from the main
power source do not operate in standby
mode.
The ‘‘standby mode’’ definition further
states that it applies to energy-using
products that facilitate the activation or
deactivation of other functions by
remote switch, internal sensor, or timer.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)(II)(aa))
DOE interprets this condition as
applying to ballasts that are designed to
operate in or function as a lighting
control system where auxiliary control
devices send signals. An example of this
type of ballast would be one that
incorporates a digital addressable
lighting interface (DALI) capability.
Regardless of dimming, these ballasts
incorporate an electronic circuit that
enables the ballast to communicate
with, and receive orders from, the DALI
system. These instructions could tell the
ballast to go into active mode or to
adjust the light output to zero percent
output. In this latter condition, the
ballast no longer provides current to the
metal halide lamp (i.e., no longer in
active mode). Thus, at zero light output,
the ballast is standing by, connected to
a main power source while it awaits
instructions from the lighting control
system to initiate an arc so the metal
halide lamp can produce light again.
Another example would be a metal
halide lamp ballast that incorporates a
lighting control circuit connected to a
photosensor. This ballast and sensor
function as a miniature lighting controls
system, where the sensor provides input
to the ballast control circuit, which
determines whether the lamp should be
operational. When the lamp is not
operational (i.e., when the photosensor
indicates that it is bright outside), the
ballast will consume power to enable
the photosensor circuit to monitor the
ambient conditions. When the circuit
determines that the ambient conditions
are sufficiently dark to start the lamp, it
will instruct the ballast to initiate an arc
in the lamp.
In its comments on the NOPR, NEMA
accepted DOE’s interpretation and
application of standby mode to metal
halide lamp ballasts that incorporate a
circuit to enable the ballast to
communicate with lighting control
systems. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4)
However, NEMA requested that the term
‘‘standby mode’’ be further defined to
clarify that a stand-alone magnetic metal
halide lamp ballast that does not
incorporate any auxiliary electronic
control devices be exempt from any
energy consumption measurements in
standby mode. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4)
DOE considered this comment, but has
PO 00000
Frm 00006
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
not made any change to the definition
of ‘‘standby mode’’ for two principal
reasons. First, as DOE stated in the
NOPR and again reiterates in this final
rule, it is interpreting standby mode as
only being applicable to ballasts that
connect to lighting control systems via
circuits that allow for communication
with the control system. This
interpretation is valid, regardless of the
type of ballast (e.g., magnetic,
electronic). If the magnetic ballast does
not have the circuit (in this case, an
auxiliary electronic control device),
then the ballast would not be
considered capable of operating in
standby mode. Second, DOE does not
understand why one type of ballast
should be singled out in the definition
of the term ‘‘standby mode,’’ to the
exclusion of others, in order to establish
that ballast type as exempt. Inserting
language like this into the definition
could be interpreted as providing
uneven treatment of the various types of
ballasts with respect to the definition of
‘‘standby mode.’’ Given that there are
other types of metal halide lamp ballasts
in addition to the magnetic type, this
explicit mention might confuse
interested parties as to the applicability
of standby mode for metal halide lamp
ballasts overall.
‘‘Off Mode’’
As DOE discussed in the NOPR, ‘‘off
mode’’ is defined by EPCA as ‘‘the
condition in which an energy-using
product—(I) is connected to a main
power source; and (II) is not providing
any standby or active mode function.’’
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) In the
NOPR, DOE considered this definition
in the context of metal halide lamp
ballasts and stated that it believes that
off mode does not apply to any metal
halide lamp ballast, dimmable or nondimmable, because off mode describes a
condition that commercially-available
ballasts do not attain. 74 FR 33171,
33174–75 (July 10, 2009). The definition
of ‘‘off mode’’ requires that ballasts be
connected to a main power source and
not provide any standby mode or active
mode function. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) It is not possible for
ballasts to meet these criteria, because
there is no condition in which the
ballast is connected to the main power
source and is not in a mode already
accounted for in either active mode or
standby mode (as defined previously).
Thus, ballasts never meet the second
requirement of the EPCA definition of
‘‘off mode.’’ (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)(II)) NEMA commented
that they accept the DOE approach for
assessing metal halide lamp ballast
operation in active mode and standby
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
mode. NEMA also agreed that ‘‘off
mode’’ does not apply to metal halide
lamp ballasts and should not be
included as part of the proposed test
procedure. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4)
Therefore, for the reasons above, DOE’s
interpretation of ‘‘off mode’’ remains the
same as in the NOPR, namely, DOE has
concluded that off mode is not
applicable to metal halide lamp ballasts.
74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009).
Should circumstances change, DOE may
revisit this interpretation and propose a
test method in a future rulemaking for
measuring off mode in metal halide
lamp ballasts.
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
‘‘AC Control Signal’’
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a
definition for the term ‘‘AC control
signal.’’ 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10,
2009). In its study of the market, DOE
found that some lighting control
systems operate by communicating with
(i.e., providing a control signal to) lamp
ballasts over a separate wiring system
using AC voltage. DOE was unable to
locate a definition for ‘‘AC control
signal’’ in International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) 62301 or ANSI
C82.6–2005. Therefore, DOE proposed a
definition for an ‘‘AC control signal’’ in
its NOPR to enhance the clarity and
understanding of its test procedure. 74
FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA
commented that they accepted the
proposed definition by DOE for ‘‘AC
control signal.’’ (NEMA, No. 21 at p.4)
Given the absence of negative comment,
DOE is adopting a definition for ‘‘AC
control signal’’ as follows: ‘‘an
alternating current (AC) signal that is
supplied to the ballast using additional
wiring for the purpose of controlling the
ballast and putting the ballast in
standby mode.’’
‘‘DC Control Signal’’
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a
definition for the term ‘‘DC control
signal.’’ 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10,
2009). In its study of the market, DOE
found that some lighting control
systems operate by communicating with
(i.e., providing a control signal to) the
lamp ballasts over a separate wiring
system using DC voltage. DOE was
unable to locate a definition for ‘‘DC
control signal’’ in IEC 62301 or ANSI
C82.6–2005. Therefore, DOE proposed a
definition for a ‘‘DC control signal’’ in its
NOPR to enhance the clarity and
understanding of its test procedure. 74
FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA
commented that it accepted DOE’s
proposed definition for ‘‘DC control
signal.’’ (NEMA, No. 21 at p.4) DOE
received no dissenting comments to its
proposed definition, and, therefore, is
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
adopting the following definition for
‘‘DC control signal’’ as ‘‘a direct current
(DC) signal that is supplied to the ballast
using additional wiring for the purpose
of controlling the ballast and putting the
ballast in standby mode.’’
‘‘Power Line Carrier (PLC) Control
Signal’’
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a
definition for the term ‘‘power line
carrier (PLC) control signal.’’ 74 FR
33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). In its
study of the market, DOE found that
some lighting control systems operate
by communicating with (i.e., providing
a control signal to) the lamp ballasts
over the existing power lines that
provide the main power connection to
the ballast. DOE was unable to locate a
definition for ‘‘PLC control signal’’ in
IEC 62301 or ANSI C82.6–2005.
Therefore, DOE proposed a definition
for a ‘‘PLC control signal’’ in its NOPR
to enhance the clarity and
understanding of its test procedure. 74
FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA
commented that it accepted DOE’s
proposed definition for ‘‘PLC control
signal.’’ (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) DOE
received no dissenting comments to its
proposed definition, and, therefore, is
adopting the following definition for
‘‘PLC control signal’’ as ‘‘a power line
carrier (PLC) signal that is supplied to
the ballast using the input ballast wiring
for the purpose of controlling the ballast
and putting the ballast in standby
mode.’’
10955
DOE is not requiring measurement of
the power consumed by the ballast
through the wireless control signal,
because the quantity of power contained
in the signal is extremely small (on the
order of milliwatts), would be difficult
to measure, and is unlikely to
appreciably affect ballast power
consumption.
B. Test Method for Measuring Energy
Efficiency of Metal Halide Lamp
Ballasts
1. Test Setup and Conditions
a. Lamp Orientation
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to
require that lamp orientation for testing
be as specified in section 4.3 of ANSI
C82.6–2005, which requires vertical,
base-up orientation, unless the
manufacturer specifies another
orientation for that ballast and
associated lamp combination. 74 FR
33171, 33176 (July 10, 2009). DOE
proposed the base-up orientation, unless
the manufacturer specifies another
orientation approach for two reasons: (1)
Vertical, base-up lamp orientation is the
most common in the industry; and (2)
the natural stability of the vertical
operating position would produce the
most repeatable and accurate testing
results. PG&E commented during the
public meeting that in response to
efforts to advocate for improved
efficiency for horizontal-burned lamps
in California, the industry argued that
horizontally-oriented lamps are
significantly different products than
‘‘Wireless Control Signal’’
vertically-oriented products and, thus,
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a
need to be treated differently. PG&E
definition for the term ‘‘wireless control raised concerns about measuring the
signal.’’ 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10,
ballast efficiency of ballasts operating
2009). In its study of the market, DOE
horizontally-oriented lamps as
found that some lighting control
compared to more common verticallysystems operate by communicating with oriented lamps. (PG&E, Public Meeting
(i.e., providing a control signal to) the
Transcript, No. 11, at p. 11) NEMA also
lamp ballasts over a wireless system,
commented on lamp orientation during
much like a wireless computer network. the public meeting, stating that a
DOE was unable to locate a definition
uniform test set-up is important.
for a ‘‘wireless control signal’’ in IEC
However, NEMA argued that; the ballast
62301 or ANSI C82.6–2005. Therefore,
is the key to measuring ballast
DOE proposed a definition for a
efficiency, not lamp orientation.
‘‘wireless control signal’’ in the July 2009 (NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No.
NOPR to enhance the clarity and
11 at p. 12)
NEMA agreed with using section 4.3
understanding of its test procedure. 74
FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA of ANSI C82.6–2005 that specifies
vertical, base-up orientation unless
commented that it accepted DOE’s
proposed definition for ‘‘wireless control specifically designed for another
position. (NEMA, No. 21at p. 3) PG&E
signal.’’ (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) DOE
was supportive after learning that the
received no dissenting comments to its
default lamp orientation is vertical but
proposed definition, and, therefore, is
if the lamp is designed to be operated
adopting the following definition for
in a non-vertical position, it shall be
‘‘wireless control signal’’ as ‘‘a wireless
signal that is radiated to and received by tested in this orientation. (NEMA,
the ballast for the purpose of controlling Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p.
12) With the support of comments from
the ballast and putting the ballast in
these two interested parties, DOE
standby mode.’’ In today’s final rule,
PO 00000
Frm 00007
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
10956
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
maintains that operating the lamp in a
vertical, base-up orientation is the most
stable in terms of operation of the lamp,
and that the lamp operation directly
corresponds to the power input of the
lamp (power output of the ballast).
Therefore, operating the lamp in the
most stable orientation is essential for
repeatable and reliable measurement of
metal halide lamp ballast efficiency.
DOE adopts the requirement that ballast
efficiency tests be conducted with metal
halide lamps in a vertical, base-up
orientation unless the manufacturer
specifies another orientation for that
ballast and associated lamp
combination.
b. Power Supply, Ambient Test
Temperatures, and Instrumentation
In the NOPR, DOE proposed that
power supply characteristics, ambient
test temperatures, and instrumentation
requirements would all be as specified
in section 4.0 of ANSI C82.6–2005. 74
FR 33171, 33176 (July 10, 2009). DOE
recognizes that specification of objective
test setup characteristics is an important
consideration in terms of producing
reliable, repeatable, and consistent test
results. These aspects of DOE’s NOPR
and interested party response to them
are discussed below.
Section 4.1 of ANSI C82.6–2005
requires that the root mean square
(RMS) summation of harmonic
components in the power supply be no
more than 3 percent of the fundamental
voltage and frequency components.
Section 4.1 also requires that: (1) The
impedance of the power source be no
more than 3 percent of the specified
ballast impedance; and (2) power
supply devices used in the test circuits
have a power rating at least five times
the wattage of the lamp intended to
operate on the ballast under test. These
requirements provide reasonable
stringency in terms of power quality
because they are consistent with other
comprehensive industry standards that
regulate harmonic content and power
supply impedance (e.g., ANSI C78.389–
2004). Furthermore, these requirements
would be readily achievable and would
likely ensure repeatable and consistent
measurements. During the December
2008 public meeting, NEMA
commented that the requirement for
impedance to the power source
proposed by the test procedure of no
more than 3 percent was too high.
(NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No.
11 at p. 12) However, NEMA did not
provide any rationale to explain its
opinion, nor did it provide any
supporting data. No additional
information was received on this topic
during the comment period. Therefore,
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
DOE has not changed its position with
respect to the impedance of the power
source. Consequently, DOE is adopting
the requirement as proposed in the
NOPR.
Section 4.2 in ANSI C82.6–2005
requires maintenance of an ambient
temperature of 25 °C ±5 °C to reduce
potential ballast operating variances
caused by large shifts in ambient
temperature. Although ambient
temperature is not considered critical to
metal halide lamp operation and light
output, it can affect lamp and ballast
system electrical performance.
Therefore, temperatures must be
controlled for ballast efficiency testing
to ensure repeatability and consistency
of test results. In the NOPR, DOE also
proposed to require that testing be
performed in a draft-free environment.
74 FR 33171, 33176 (July 10, 2009).
DOE’s proposed requirement
acknowledged common industry
practices whereby airflow is minimized
near photometric testing equipment
(e.g., through vent and air return
locations, baffling of vents, and/or
control of blower speed) in order to
minimize forced convection cooling that
could affect measured photometric and
electrical data. NEMA noted that some
movement of air is needed to prevent
thermal stratification near the testing
equipment, but acknowledged that
airflow should be minimized. (NEMA,
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p.
14) In response to DOE’s proposal,
NEMA stated that because current
industry standards specify no
requirement for draft-free conditions,
DOE needs to provide a suitable
reference on the conditions of a draftfree environment. NEMA commented
further that if no definition is available,
then the thermal test methods of C82.6–
2005 should be strictly applied, and this
reference to a draft-free environment
should be removed from the document.
(NEMA, No. 21 at p. 1) DOE considered
these comments and again reviewed the
technical literature on this topic, finding
that:
1. Section 4.2, Ballast Conditions, of
ANSI C82.6–2005 states, ‘‘For normal
operational tests, the ambient
temperature and the temperature of the
ballast under test shall be 25 °C ±5 °C.’’
DOE acknowledges that ANSI C82.6–
2005 sets the temperature requirement,
but not the air movement requirement.
However, ANSI C82.6–2005 lists 12
references in section 2.0 Normative
References that, by their inclusion, are
considered indispensable for
application of the ANSI standard. DOE
reviewed all of the normative references
contained in ANSI C82.6–2005 and
identified the references that are
PO 00000
Frm 00008
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
applicable to metal halide ballasts and
lamps, as listed below by ANSI citation
and not chronologically by date of
publication.
a. ANSI C78.43–2004, ‘‘Single-Ended
Metal-Halide Lamps,’’ is applicable to
this test procedure since it relates to
metal halide lamps. Section 5.6.2,
Warm-up Time, states, ‘‘A bare lamp
operating in still air at an ambient
temperature 25 °C ±5 °C (77 °C ±9 °C)
under the conditions described in ANSI
C78.389 shall reach the minimum
voltage within the time period specified
on the relevant data sheet.’’ Other
temperature and air conditions are
considered in section 6.7, Lamp
Operating Wattage, which states ‘‘The
operating wattage of a bare lamp,
measured in its designated operating
position on a ballast throughout its
range of rated supply voltages in a still
air ambient temperature of 25 °C ±5 °C
(77 °C ±9 °C), shall remain within the
wattage limits of the relevant lamp data
sheet. Lamps shall operate within these
limits throughout the full range of lamp
voltage tolerance.’’ (It is noted that in
2007, ANSI C78.43 was updated;
however, the temperature and airflow
provisions at issue here did not change
in ANSI C78.43–2007.)
b. ANSI C78.389–2004, ‘‘HighIntensity Discharge—Methods of
Measuring Characteristics,’’ section 3.3,
Ambient Condition, states, ‘‘The ambient
[condition] in which the lamp is
operated shall be maintained at 25 °C ±5
°C and shall be draft-free.’’
c. ANSI C82.4–2002, ‘‘Ballasts for
High-Intensity Discharge and Low
Pressure Sodium Lamps,’’ does not
include any information regarding
airflow.
d. ANSI C82.9–1996, ‘‘Definitions for
High-Intensity Discharge and Low
Pressure Sodium Lamps, Ballasts, and
Transformer,’’ does not mention and,
therefore, does not define ‘‘still air’’ or
‘‘draft free.’’
2. Section 4.2, Test Room, of IEC
62301 states that, ‘‘The tests shall be
carried out in a room that has an air
speed close to the appliance under test
of ≤ 0.5 m/s. The ambient temperature
shall be maintained at (23±5) °C
throughout the test. Note: The measured
power for some products and modes
may be affected by the ambient
conditions (e.g., illuminance,
temperature).’’
3. DOE examined different
Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America’s (IESNA) Lighting
Measurement (LM) documents that
focus on photometric and electrical
measurements of either HID lamps or
HID luminaires. DOE’s review of
applicable IESNA documents is listed
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
below by LM citation and not
chronologically by date of publication.
a. IESNA LM–31–95, ‘‘Photometric
Testing of Roadway Luminaires Using
Incandescent Filament and High
Intensity Discharge Lamps,’’ states in
section 4.1.3, Special Photometer
Calibration, ‘‘Calibration of HID lamps
shall be performed in relatively draft
free air at ambient temperature of 25 °C
(77 °F) ±5 °C (9 °F).’’
b. IESNA LM–35–02, ‘‘IESNA
Approved Method for Photometric
Testing of Floodlights Using High
Intensity Discharge or Incandescent
Filament Lamps,’’ states in section 3.2,
Ambient Temperatures, ‘‘The ambient
temperature of the photometric
laboratory shall be maintained at 25 °C
±5 °C (77 °F ±9 °F).’’ There is no mention
of airflow in LM–35–02.
c. IESNA LM–46–04, ‘‘IESNA
Approved Method for Photometric
Testing of Indoor Luminaires Using
High Intensity Discharge or
Incandescent Filament Lamps,’’ states in
section 4.2, Ambient Temperature, ‘‘For
precise measurement of photometric
and electric characteristics of luminaires
with HID and incandescent lamps, the
ambient temperature should be
maintained at 25 °C ±5 °C (77 °F ±9 °F).
This temperature shall be measured at a
point not more than 1.5 meters (5 feet)
from the lamp or luminaire and at the
same height as the lamp or luminaire.
The temperature-sensing device shall be
shielded from direct radiation of the
light source.’’ LM–46–04 also includes
requirements about air movement.
Section 4.3, Air Movement, states, ‘‘The
luminaire (or test lamp during
calibration) shall be tested in relatively
still air. A maximum airflow of 0.08
meters/second (15 ft./minute) is
suggested.’’
d. IESNA LM–47–01, ‘‘IESNA
Approved Method for Life Testing of
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps,’’
states in section 2.3 Temperature,
‘‘Ambient temperature should be
controlled within the limits set by the
lamp manufacturer and ballast
manufacturer. When the recommended
testing temperature range is exceeded,
life testing should be suspended.’’ LM–
47–01 also includes information about
airflow. Section 2.4, Airflow, states,
‘‘Airflow does not normally impact the
performance of HID lamps. However,
special test conditions such as
unjacketed lamps operating in open
areas may require consideration of this
effect.’’
e. IESNA LM–51–00, ‘‘IESNA
Approved Method for the Electrical and
Photometric Measurements of High
Intensity Discharge Lamps,’’ states in
section 2.3, Air Movement, ‘‘No special
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
precautions against normal room air
movements are necessary.’’
f. IESNA LM–73–04, ‘‘IESNA Guide
for Photometric Testing of
Entertainment Lighting Luminaires
Using Incandescent Filament Lamps or
High Intensity Discharge Lamps,’’ states
in section 2.2, Ambient Temperatures,
‘‘The ambient temperature of the
photometric laboratory shall be
maintained at 25 °C ±5 °C (77 °F ±9 °F).’’
There is no mention of airflow in LM–
73–04.
DOE did not receive any negative
comments regarding its proposed
ambient temperature requirement.
Although the ambient temperature
requirements differ in IEC 62301
compared to ANSI C82.6 by 2 °C, DOE
is adopting the proposed temperature
requirements in the NOPR. DOE
believes that its ambient temperature
requirement is largely consistent with
the IEC standard, and furthermore, 25 °C
±5 °C is the standard temperature for
lighting measurements for a variety of
light sources including HID, fluorescent,
and light-emitting diodes.
In summary, DOE found that airflow
requirements vary across the technical
literature. IEC 62301 sets an airflow of
≤ 0.5 m/s regardless of the technology.
Neither ANSI C82.6–2005 nor the
normative references listed in ANSI
C82.6–2005 define either of the terms
‘‘draft free’’ or ‘‘still air.’’ IESNA LM–51–
00, published in 2000, specifically states
that no precautions for air movement
are necessary. ANSI C78.389, published
in 2004, requires ‘‘draft-free,’’ yet it does
not define the term. LM–46–04,
published in 2004, uses the term
‘‘relatively still air’’ and provides the
quantitative metric of ‘‘0.08 meters/
second (15 ft./minute).’’ DOE continues
to believe that it is important to specify
a maximum airflow requirement as part
of the test conditions, as an
acknowledgement of industry practices
intended to minimize forced convection
cooling that could affect measured
photometric and electrical data. NEMA
agreed that airflow should be minimized
when conducting testing under the test
procedure. Although DOE found
conflicting information regarding
airflow in the context of testing HID
lamps and luminaires, DOE has decided
to adopt the airflow metric from IEC
62301 (i.e., the airflow shall be ≤ 0.5 m/
s) in today’s final rule. DOE believes not
only that this airflow value will achieve
its intended purpose, but also that it is
consistent with IEC 62301 (the standard
which DOE was directed to consider
when developing this test procedure)
and is in the range of differing airflow
values and definitions DOE observed in
its review of ANSI standards and IESNA
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10957
test methods relevant to this type of
equipment.
Section 4.2, Ballast Conditions, of
ANSI C82.6–2005 requires maintenance
of ambient temperature but does not
discuss ballast equilibrium. In the
NOPR, DOE did not propose to require
operation of the ballast until it reached
equilibrium. However, NEMA
commented that in a proposed revision
to sections 4.2 and 4.4 of ANSI C82.6,
the ballast would be required to reach
equilibrium. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 1) In
response, DOE has considered this issue
and concluded that operating the ballast
until it reaches equilibrium will
produce more reliable results.
Therefore, in the final rule, DOE is
adopting the language consistent with
the following language supplied by
NEMA: ‘‘The ballast should be operated
until it reaches equilibrium.’’ (NEMA,
No. 21 at p. 2)
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt
the instrumentation requirements
prescribed in sections 4.5.1 and 4.5.3 of
ANSI C82.6–2005 in order to ensure
repeatability and consistency of test
measurements. The ANSI requirements
for digital voltmeters, ammeters, and
wattmeters include a resolution of three
and one-half digits and minimum basic
instrumentation accuracy of 0.50
percent (i.e., one-half of 1 percent) of the
reading from actual with true RMS
capability. For analog instruments, the
ANSI standard specifies that analog
ammeters and voltmeters must have
accuracies of ± 0.50 percent up to 800
Hertz (Hz), and that analog wattmeters
must have accuracies of ± 0.75 percent
up to 1000 Hz for power factors of 50
percent to 100 percent and ± 0.50
percent up to 125 Hz for ballasts with
power factors between 0 and 20 percent.
In the NOPR, to ensure a full range of
coverage, DOE proposed to require all
analog wattmeters used on ballasts with
power factors less than 50 percent to
same accuracy as those for ballasts with
power factors less than 20 percent (i.e.,
± 0.50 percent up to 125 Hz). 74 FR
33171, 33176 (July 10, 2009).
NEMA agreed in general with the
proposed instrumentation and
requirements; however, the commenter
argued that the DOE test procedure
should only permit the use of digital
instruments, because digital equipment
offers improved repeatability and
accuracy of measurement. (NEMA, No.
21 at p. 2) PG&E commented during the
public meeting that ANSI allows both
digital and analog instrumentation, but
finds that digital instruments are the
standard industry instrumentation and
that analog instruments with low
impedance and high accuracy are not
common. (PG&E, Public Meeting
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
10958
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
Transcript, No. 11, at pp. 19–20) No
comments were received specifically
addressing the instrument accuracies for
any ballasts with power factors between
20 and 50 percent.
DOE agrees that digital equipment
offers improved repeatability and
accuracy of measurement over analog
equipment. However, DOE is concerned
about the burden on manufacturers of
requiring the use of only digital meters.
Furthermore, DOE believes that
although the digital meters do provide
inherent benefits, analog meters are still
able to provide sufficient accuracy and
precision when used under the DOE the
test procedure. Therefore, this final rule
does not require use of measurement
equipment that is limited to digital
meters exclusively. Instead, the test
procedure adopted today allows the
flexibility of allowing interested parties
to test using either a digital or an analog
meter, as long as the device meets the
precision requirements of this test
procedure. Furthermore, in light of the
absence of adverse comment, DOE is
adopting the proposed instrument
accuracies for ballasts with power
factors between 20 percent and 50
percent in this final rule.
Finally, section 4.5.1 instructs that
only one analog instrument may be
connected to the test circuit at one time
to reduce impedance effects on the
testing. As set forth in ANSI C82.6–
2005, all these instrumentation
requirements would facilitate repeatable
and consistent testing and
measurement. NEMA agreed with the
proposed test connection requirements.
(NEMA, No. 21 at p. 2) Since DOE did
not receive any other comments on this
issue and the only comment received
agreed with the connection procedure
proposed in the July 2009 NOPR, DOE
is adopting the proposed connection
requirements in this final rule.
c. Lamp Stabilization
A 100-hour seasoning period is
commonly used by manufacturers of
high-intensity discharge lamp
technologies to ensure that the initial,
more-rapid depreciation in output
caused by impurities has been
surpassed.5 In the NOPR, DOE proposed
to adopt the section 4.4 of ANSI C82.6–
2005, which requires a 100-hour
seasoning period (74 FR 33171, 33177
(July 10, 2009)), and requested
comments on whether a preferred
alternative lamp seasoning lamp
stabilization approach exists within the
5 IESNA LM–54–99, ‘‘Lamp Seasoning,’’ is the
lighting measurement (LM) document to which the
industry refers for seasoning requirements for lamp
and ballast photometric and electrical testing.
Available at: https://www.ies.org/shop/.
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
industry. Id. NEMA commented on
lamp and ballast equilibrium and
stabilization, but did not provide any
comments specifically addressing lamp
seasoning. Because DOE did not receive
any comments to the contrary and
because a 100-hour seasoning period is
the industry standard, DOE is adopting
this requirement in today’s final rule.
In the NOPR, DOE evaluated the
requirements of the basic stabilization
method prescribed in section 4.4.2 of
ANSI C82.6–2005. Id. NEMA
commented on basic stabilization and
recommended that DOE adopt the
revised ANSI C82.6 text regarding basic
stabilization. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 1) In
order to respond to the comment, DOE
compared the text of ANSI C82.6–2005
section 4.4.2 with the text supplied by
NEMA of the expected revised ANSI
C82.6 section 4.4.2. The text supplied
by NEMA states that fast-acting or makebefore-break switches are
recommended. DOE finds this test
procedure clarification helpful, and,
therefore, as part of today’s final rule,
DOE is adopting the revised language
suggested by NEMA regarding
recommendations of switches to prevent
the lamps from extinguishing during
switchover.
Operational stability has been defined
as the lamp operating in a power
equilibrium determined by three
consecutive measurements, 5 minutes
apart, of the lamp power where the
three readings are within 2.5 percent.
(NEMA, No. 21 at p. 2) In the NOPR,
DOE proposed that the lamp and ballast
system be considered stable for testing
purposes when the lamp’s electrical
characteristics vary by no more than 3
percent in three consecutive 10- to 15minute intervals measured after the
minimum 30-minute warm-up period
specified in section 4.4.2 of ANSI
C82.6–2005. 74 FR 33171, 33177 (July
10, 2009). NEMA suggested language for
an alternative stabilization method for
electronic ballasts, which provided that
the same lamp will be driven by the
ballast under test until the ballast
reaches operational stability. (NEMA,
No. 21 at p. 2) DOE agrees with NEMA’s
suggestion above for revision of section
4.4.3.2 of ANSI C82.6 because this
provides more specificity for
determining stability. DOE is adopting
NEMA’s suggested revision because this
provides more specificity for
determining stability. Rather than
simply assuming that 15 minutes is
sufficient to determine stability, the
testing agent will take 3 measurements
5 minutes apart (3 times 5 minutes = 15
minutes), and as long as the three
readings are within the 2.5-percent
tolerance, then the testing agent can
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
determine the ballast is operationally
stable. Thus, DOE is adopting the
requirement pertaining to operational
stability in order to add more accuracy
to the test procedure.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed that
electrical measurements should be taken
within 2 minutes after the stabilization
period. 74 FR 33171, 33177 (July 10,
2009). NEMA commented that the
current revised requirements of section
4.4.3.3 of ANSI C82.6 provide that the
electrical measurements should be taken
within 5 minutes after the stabilization
period. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 2) DOE
agrees with NEMA’s suggestion for
revision of section 4.4.3.3 of ANSI
C82.6. DOE believes that given the more
technically rigorous definition of
stability (as discussed in section III.B.1.c
above), the measurements no longer
need to be taken within 2 minutes after
stabilization. Under the basic
stabilization method, the measurements
are taken within 5 minutes. DOE has
concluded that further consistency
would be provided by also requiring
measurements to be taken within 5
minutes for the alternate stabilization
method. Measurements will be taken
within the same amount of time under
either stabilization method. Moreover,
DOE does not expect accuracy to be
affected by changing the time period for
the required measurements from 2
minutes to 5 minutes. This change in
response to NEMA’s comment is
expected to maintain test accuracy,
while reducing test burden. Therefore,
in today’s final rule, DOE is requiring
measurements to be taken within 5
minutes after stabilization.
2. Test Measurements
DOE requires that test measurements
of metal halide lamp ballast operation
be used in the calculation of ballast
efficiency, as discussed in section
III.B.3, ‘‘Ballast Efficiency Calculation,’’
of this document. This calculated ballast
efficiency is an integral part of the metal
halide lamp ballast test procedures
established under 42 U.S.C. 6293.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed test
measurements for metal halide lamp
ballasts to require that ballast operation
testing be conducted according to the
same requirements set forth in section
6.10, ‘‘Ballast Power Loss,’’ of ANSI
C82.6–2005. 74 FR 33171, 33177 (July
10, 2009). NEMA commented that
measurements of ballast power losses
should be based on the latest draft of
ANSI C82.6 (now being revised by
ANSI), but NEMA did not specify what
aspects of the draft standard should be
incorporated into DOE’s test method.
(NEMA, No. 21 at p. 3)
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
DOE tried to find a current (as of
winter 2009) draft of revised ANSI
C82.6, but was unable to obtain a copy.
Repeatedly, DOE was told by members
of NEMA and the ANSI committee
revising the document that the 2005
version of ANSI C82.6 is the latest draft.
DOE learned that a revised version
would not be published until at least
March 2010. DOE received a copy of
Draft #8 (dated April 15, 2009) in May
2009. DOE compared the text of section
6.10, Ballast Power Loss, in ANSI
C82.6–2005 to the text in section 6.13,
Ballast Power Loss, in ANSI C82.6 DraftApril 15, 2009. DOE found a total of 14
words different between the two
versions of the text. More specifically,
the 2005 version uses the term
‘‘potential coil’’ in two places, as shown
below in the 2009 draft text, with the
bracketed language indicating the use in
the 2005 version. The 2009 draft version
also added the following text: ‘‘The
meters must measure using ranges that
minimize these differences.’’ With that
introductory explanation, section 6.13,
Ballast Power Loss, of ANSI C82.6 DraftApril 15, 2009 reads as follows:
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
‘‘The power loss should be determined by
the wattmeter (power analyzer) difference
method, in which the output power is
subtracted from the input power. If the
instruments are connected as shown in
Figure 2, either the voltmeter should be
disconnected when the reading of input
wattage is taken or a correction should be
made to compensate for the power consumed
by the voltmeter. It should also be noted that
with the connections shown in Figure 2, the
wattmeter reading will include the power
consumed by the wattmeter itself [potential
coil]. This power in the wattmeter [potential
coil]; therefore, must be calculated and
subtracted to obtain the actual input power.
To minimize deviations in power loss
calculations, it is recommended that where
feasible the same wattmeter and the same
potential and current ranges be used to
measure both input and lamp watts. Note
that in determining ballast losses, it must be
kept in mind that when one accurate number
is subtracted from a nearly equal accurate
number, the percent error of difference may
be very great. The deviation in watts loss
figures may be as high as ± 10%–15% when
wattmeters with a stated accuracy of ± 0.5%
are employed. The meters must measure
using ranges that minimize these
differences.’’
Thus, the ballast power loss section
specifies measurements of output power
to the lamp and input power to the
ballast using a wattmeter, and it
specifies the proper instrument
connections. The section also provides
the necessary guidance and methods for
eliminating or compensating for the
power consumption of a voltmeter
(when connected) and the wattmeter. In
summary, the ballast power loss section
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
of ANSI C82.6–2005 provides a
measurement of power using a welldefined, common electrical industry
standard test with dedicated equipment.
In general, DOE has decided to adopt
the test measurement provisions
proposed in the July 2009 NOPR in
today’s final rule. Based on the
comparison between the published
ANSI C82.6–2005 and the draft of the
revision dated April 15, 2009, DOE
found little substantive change between
the ballast power loss sections. If new
or more substantive changes occur in a
later published revision of ANSI C82.6,
DOE will consider revising the test
procedure in the future. Other, specific
comments on the proposed test
measurement provisions are addressed
immediately below.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed using a
wattmeter to measure ballast power. 74
FR 33171, 33177 (July 10, 2009). In its
comments, NEMA indicated a
preference for the use of a multi-channel
wattmeter in order to minimize
measurement uncertainty. (NEMA, No.
21 at p. 3) In response, DOE
acknowledges that the use of a multichannel wattmeter is one way to
minimize measurement uncertainty, and
notes that today’s test procedure does
allow for the use of multi-channel
wattmeters. However, there are other
ways of reducing uncertainty such as
taking sequential measurements using
the meter. Therefore, DOE does not find
it necessary to require the use of a
multi-channel wattmeter in the final
rule.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed that the
wattmeter used when testing be a ‘‘true
RMS wattmeter.’’ 74 FR 33171, 33177
(July 10, 2009). NEMA objected to the
use of the term ‘‘true RMS wattmeter,’’
arguing that there is no such thing as a
‘‘true RMS wattmeter.’’ NEMA stated
that ‘‘[v]oltage and current measuring
devices can provide true RMS values,
but the power consumed is the time
average of the instantaneous voltage and
current waveforms, by definition, for
any waveform.’’ As a more technicallyaccurate alternative, NEMA suggested
that DOE use the term ‘‘’wattmeter’
capable of indicating true RMS power in
watts’’’ could be used. (NEMA, No. 21 at
p. 3) DOE acknowledges that a ‘‘true
RMS wattmeter’’ does not exist and
cannot require the use of a meter that
does not exist. Therefore, DOE has
adopted use of the expression
‘‘wattmeter capable of indicating true
RMS power in watts’’ in the final rule.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed adopting
the test circuit connection requirements
of sections 4.5 and 6.10 of ANSI C82.6–
2005 in the test procedure. 74 FR 33171,
33181 (July 10, 2009). NEMA expressed
PO 00000
Frm 00011
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10959
agreement with the proposed
connection requirement in the July 2009
NOPR. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 2) Because
DOE received no other comments
regarding connection requirements,
DOE is adopting the requirements for
connections proposed in the July 2009
NOPR in this final rule.
3. Ballast Efficiency Calculation
In the NOPR, DOE proposed that
ballast efficiency be calculated as the
measured output power to the lamp
divided by the measured input power to
the ballast (Pout/Pin). DOE also proposed
that the Pout and Pin terms be determined
according to the Ballast Power Loss
method described in section III.C.2,
‘‘Test Measurements,’’ of the NOPR, with
both output and input power measured
in accordance with section 6.10 of ANSI
C82.6–2005. 74 FR 33171, 33177 (July
10, 2009). DOE did not receive any
comments on the ballast efficiency
calculation. It is further noted that this
measure of efficiency represents the
metric used in the energy conservation
standard prescribed by the statute. (42
U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)) This is a standard
method of calculating efficiency.
Therefore, for the above reasons; DOE is
adopting Pout/Pin as the ballast efficiency
calculation in today’s final rule.
C. Test Method for Measuring Standby
Power of Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts
1. Overview of Test Method
In relevant part, EPCA directs DOE to
establish test procedures to include
standby mode, ‘‘taking into
consideration the most current versions
of Standards 62301 and 62087 of the
International Electrotechnical
Commission.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
IEC Standard 62087 applies to audio,
video, and related equipment but not to
lighting equipment. Thus, DOE has
determined that IEC Standard 62087 is
not suitable to be applied to this
rulemaking. Instead, DOE developed
today’s test procedure to be consistent
with IEC Standard 62301. In addition, to
develop a test method that would be
familiar to metal halide lamp ballast
manufacturers, DOE also referenced
language and methodologies presented
in ANSI C82.6–2005, ‘‘Ballasts for HighIntensity Discharge Lamps—Methods of
Measurement.’’
Generally, today’s final rule adopts
test procedure provisions for measuring
standby power that include the
following steps: (1) A signal is sent to
the ballast instructing it to reduce light
output to zero percent; (2) The main
input power to the ballast is measured;
and (3) The power from the control
signal path is measured in one of three
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
10960
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
ways, depending on how the signal from
the control system is delivered to the
ballast. Further detail on DOE’s adopted
methodology for measuring standby
power of metal halide lamp ballasts is
presented below. DOE did not receive
any adverse comments on the test
procedure’s standby provisions as a
whole, but it did receive comments on
this topic pertaining to specific sections
of the test procedure. These detailed
comments will be addressed in the
following sections.
2. Test Method and Measurements
In the portion of the metal halide
lamp ballast test procedure dealing with
standby power measurement, the test
procedure requires that a signal be sent
to the ballast under test, instructing the
ballast to have zero percent light output
using the appropriate communication
protocol or system for that unit. Next,
the input power (in watts) to the ballast
is measured in accordance with ANSI
C82.6–2005. Finally, the power from the
ballast control signal path is measured
using a method for an AC, DC, or PLC
control signal path, consistent with the
type of path that the ballast employs.
The measurement of input power to
the ballast from the main electricity
supply during standby mode is based on
the approach in ANSI C82.6–2005,
section 6. This measurement parallels
the approach DOE is requiring for
measuring the active mode power
consumption for input power (watts) to
the ballast in accordance with ANSI
C82.6–2005. Thus, test measurements of
ballast input power are conducted in
accordance with the appropriate
sections of the industry test standard.
As adopted in today’s final rule at 10
CFR 431.324(c), manufacturers must
measure the ballast’s control signal
power. DOE understands there are four
possible ways of delivering a control
signal to a metal halide lamp ballast: (1)
A dedicated AC control signal wire; (2)
a dedicated DC control signal wire; (3)
a PLC control signal over the main
supply input wires; and (4) a wireless
control signal. DOE is interested in
measuring the power consumed by the
lighting control signal and is providing
three methods for measuring that power,
depending on which type of system is
being used. As explained above, DOE
did not propose in the NOPR to measure
the power supplied to a ballast using a
wireless control signal because DOE
estimates that the power supplied to a
ballast using a wireless signal would be
very small (in milliwatts), difficult to
measure, and unlikely to appreciably
affect ballast power consumption. The
three circuit diagrams in the final rule
require measurement of the control
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
signal power using either a wattmeter
(for the AC control signal wiring and the
PLC control signal) or a voltmeter and
ammeter (for the DC control signal).
DOE is incorporating three circuit
diagrams at 10 CFR 431.324(c) in
today’s final rule to present clearly the
intended methods of measurement for
each type of control system
communication protocol.
The test procedure proposed in the
July 2009 NOPR characterized metal
halide lamp ballasts featuring standby
mode as utilizing only one type of
control signal connection. However, it is
technically feasible for one metal halide
lamp ballast to feature more than one
type of control signal connection.
Therefore, DOE has revised the language
proposed in the NOPR for 10 CFR
431.324(c)(3) of the test procedure and
is instead adopting the following
clarified provision as part of today’s
final rule: ‘‘The power from the control
signal path will be measured using all
applicable methods described’’ in
subsections (c)(3)(i)–(iii) of the test
procedure (i.e., AC control signal, DC
control signal, and PLC control signal)
so that the procedure is capable of
determining the maximum energy
consumption of a metal halide lamp
ballast in standby mode.
DOE recognizes that measuring the
power input into a ballast utilizing a
PLC control signal will involve
measurement of both the power being
used by the ballast and the control
signal power. During the public
meeting, it was discussed that the PLC
control signal would be a series of short
bursts. These bursts would be expected
to use less than a watt of power.
(NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No.
11 at p. 36) PG&E commented during
the public meeting that it is not the PLC
control signal that needs to be
measured, but the standby power of the
equipment receiving the signal. (PG&E,
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p.
36) However, DOE stated in response to
PG&E that DOE wanted to make sure
that there would not be a lost
opportunity to account for it, to the
extent a significant amount of energy is
consumed by the control signal. (DOE,
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p.
37)
Therefore, in order to measure each of
these powers, the equipment used must
be able to measure the appropriate
frequencies (i.e., 60 hertz for the power
used by the ballast and higher frequency
for the control signal power). During the
public meeting, DOE reasoned that in
order to measure the control signal
power and isolate the high-frequency
signal from the 60 hertz-signal, one
would have to use a high-pass filter.
PO 00000
Frm 00012
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
(DOE, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11
at p. 43) Therefore, the July 2009 NOPR
required that ‘‘[t]he wattmeter must have
a frequency response that is at least 10
times higher than the PLC being
measured to measure the PLC signal
correctly. The wattmeter must also be
high-pass filtered to filter out power a
60 Hz.’’ 74 FR 33171, 33185 (July 10,
2009). DOE received no comments
regarding this filter during the comment
period. However, as part of the
fluorescent lamp ballast standby test
procedure rulemaking, DOE did receive
a comment from NEMA regarding PLC
signals and proper equipment. In that
comment, NEMA stated that equipment
used to measure PLC power must be
capable of measuring the appropriate
frequencies, as the power distributed
over the input ballast wiring would also
include the PLC power. 74 FR 54445,
54451 (Oct. 22, 2009). DOE’s statement
during the metal halide lamp ballast
public meeting (December 2008) was
consistent with the comment NEMA
provided on the fluorescent ballast
standby test procedure, and DOE
believes that the situations regarding
PLC signals are analogous for both types
of ballasts. Thus, in order to account for
PLC signal energy use, DOE has adopted
the wattmeter requirements as proposed
in the NOPR for PLC measurements in
this final rule.
The People’s Republic of China (‘‘P.R.
China’’) commented that DOE did not
consider issues with electromagnetic
compatibility associated with the PLC
signal in the July 2009 NOPR. P.R.
China is concerned that electromagnetic
interference from the PLC signal could
significantly affect the measurement of
standby power. (P.R. China, No. 20 at p.
3) DOE understands that if the PLC
signal were a very high-frequency signal
(e.g., with a frequency in the megahertz
(MHz) range), then the electromagnetic
interference from the signal could affect
the standby power measurement
significantly (i.e., cause variances in the
input power measurement by more than
a watt). A similar comment was
submitted by P.R. China regarding the
fluorescent lamp ballast standby test
procedure. DOE determined that PLC
signals to fluorescent ballasts are on the
order of 20 kilohertz (kHz). 74 FR
54445, 54451–52 (Oct. 22, 2009). DOE
notes that the Federal Communications
Commission only regulates PLC
measurements from 150 kHz to 30 MHz
so that conducted emissions in this
frequency range do not interfere with
nearby radio receivers. (47 CFR 15
subpart B) At this time, DOE does not
know of any metal halide lamp ballasts
with PLC controls. Because shielding
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
PLC measurements from
electromagnetic interference for ballasts
is unnecessary for the reasons explained
above, DOE has not modified the test
procedure to include shielding in
today’s final rule. However, in the
future, DOE will monitor the situation
in the event a manufacturer develops a
metal halide lamp ballast utilizing a
PLC control signal.
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
3. Combining Measurements and
Burden
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to
require equipment manufacturers
subject to this rulemaking to take the
two required measurements (i.e., the
main input power and the control signal
power in standby mode), but did not tell
manufacturers how to combine these
values or use them in equations
pertaining to energy efficiency. 74 FR
33171, 33178 (July 10, 2009). DOE
received no comments regarding these
measurements. DOE will study how best
to use these measurements of standby
mode power consumption in a separate
rulemaking to review and possibly
amend the energy conservation
standards for metal halide lamp ballasts,
which DOE is required to complete by
January 1, 2012, pursuant to EISA 2007.
(42 U.S.C. 6295)(hh)(2)).
DOE further notes that today’s final
rule is designed to produce results that
measure standby power consumption in
an accurate and repeatable manner, and
should not be unduly burdensome on
manufacturers to conduct. These
objectives are expected to be met by the
final rule, particularly given that it is
based upon IEC 62301 and follows
testing approaches used in ANSI C82.6–
2005. Commenters raised a number of
issues which could have bearing on the
accuracy and repeatability of the results
generated under the metal halide lamp
ballast test procedure, but these issues
have been fully addressed in today’s
final rule.
D. Scope of Applicability of Standby
Power Test Procedure
This rulemaking broadly addresses
ballasts that operate metal halide lamp
fixtures, but as explained below and in
the July 2009 NOPR, the scope of
applicability of the test procedure’s
standby provisions is expected to be
more limited. 74 FR 33171, 33178 (July
10, 2009). After studying the market of
commercially-available metal halide
lamp ballasts and the statutory
definition of ‘‘standby mode,’’ DOE is
interpreting this mode as only applying
to certain ballasts under certain
operating conditions. Standby mode
only applies to ballasts that incorporate
some kind of lighting control system
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
interface, because these ballasts appear
to be the only ones that satisfy the EPCA
definition of ‘‘standby mode’’ (which
DOE is codifying into its regulations).
Specifically, DOE found that only metal
halide lamp ballasts with a lightingcontrol system interface can be
‘‘connected to a main power source’’ and
‘‘facilitate the activation or deactivation
of other functions (including active
mode) by remote switch (including
remote control), internal sensor, or
timer.’’ (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii))
Many of these ballasts are designed with
advanced circuitry that adds features,
including intelligent operation.6 As
discussed in section III.A above, one
example of these ballasts would be a
DALI-enabled ballast. DALI-enabled
ballasts have internal circuitry that is
fundamentally part of the ballast design
that remains active and consumes
energy, even when the ballast is not
operating any lamps. DOE is unaware of
any types of ballasts, other than those
with a lighting-control system interface
that would perform standby functions.
As explained above, not all metal
halide lamp ballasts need to be tested
for standby mode power, because many
ballast designs do not meet the statutory
definition for operation in standby
mode. In fact, most metal halide lamp
ballasts sold today are not capable of
operating in standby mode, rendering
the standby provisions of the test
procedure inapposite in terms of those
units. Generally, these excluded ballasts
are ones that are not active components
of a lighting control system; instead,
they are controlled simply by having the
active power disconnected through use
of a manual switch, occupancy sensor,
or other system. For these ballasts, light
output is reduced to zero percent by
disconnecting the main power.
However, the ballast would not be in
standby mode, as defined by EPCA,
because it is no longer connected to a
main power source. Thus, the metal
halide lamp ballasts subject to standby
mode power measurements are those
that incorporate some electronic circuit
or auxiliary device enabling the ballast
to communicate with and be part of a
lighting control system (e.g., stand-alone
photosensor and ballast or a centralized
system). NEMA accepted the DOE
approach to apply the standby mode test
procedure to metal halide lamp ballasts
that incorporate a circuit to enable the
ballast to communicate with lighting
6 ‘‘Intelligent operation’’ means a device which is
able to receive information, evaluate that
information, and take appropriate action based
upon that information. For example, certain ballasts
contain a circuit which, when it receives a signal,
then takes action to dim light output to a certain
level or to switch off the lamp (or other action).
PO 00000
Frm 00013
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10961
control systems. (NEMA, No. 21. at. p.
4) In light of the above, DOE is adopting
this approach as part of today’s final
rule.
E. Effective Date of Standby Mode Test
Method
As discussed in section II of this final
rule, EPCA requires DOE to consider
standby mode and off mode for all
energy conservation standard final rules
issued after July 1, 2010. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(3)(A)) In addition, EPCA states
that not later than January 1, 2012, DOE
shall publish a final rule to determine
whether the standards established for
metal halide lamp fixtures should be
amended. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(2))
Because this rulemaking may amend the
standards for metal halide lamp fixtures
but would be issued after July 1, 2010,
DOE must consider standby mode and
off mode power consumption in that
future energy conservation standards
rulemaking.
Including these test procedure
provisions in the CFR will provide
manufacturers additional time to
become familiar with standby mode
power consumption of certain metal
halide lamp ballasts. As DOE conducts
energy conservation standards
rulemaking reviewing the energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp ballasts, it will take into
consideration standby mode power
consumption. During that rulemaking,
interested parties will already be
familiar with the test procedure for
measuring and calculating standby
mode power consumption and will be
better able to understand any ballast
design implications that may affect the
efficiency of metal halide lamp ballasts.
As discussed in section II and as
provided in the amendments at 10 CFR
431.324(c), manufacturers of metal
halide lamp ballasts would not need to
perform standby measurements under
this test procedure to certify compliance
with the energy conservation standards
for metal halide lamp fixtures that came
into effect on January 1, 2009, because
those statutory standards do not account
for standby mode power consumption.
In terms of codification in the CFR, the
effective date of this test procedure on
metal halide lamp ballasts is 30 days
after the date of publication in the
Federal Register. However,
manufacturers will only be required to
use the test procedure’s standby mode
provisions to demonstrate compliance
with any future energy conservation
standard on the effective date of a final
rule establishing amended standards for
metal halide lamp fixtures that
addresses standby mode power
consumption (at which time, DOE
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
10962
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
would remove the limitation in 10 CFR
431.324(c)). However, DOE notes that on
or after a date 180 days after the date of
publication of this final rule, for any
representations made about standby
mode energy consumption for these
products, the standby provisions of this
test procedure must be used to measure
standby power. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18)
and (c)(2))
F. Units To Be Tested
Accurate testing of metal halide lamp
ballasts requires a statistically
meaningful sample of test units to
certify that the true mean efficiency of
a basic model meets or exceeds the
applicable energy conservation
standard. In an effort to meet this testing
need and to reduce the testing burden
on manufacturers, DOE considered four
factors in developing sample size
requirements for the approach proposed
in its July 2009 NOPR: (1) Providing a
highly statistically valid probability that
a basic model tested meets applicable
energy conservation standards; (2)
providing a highly statistically valid
probability that a manufacturer
preliminarily found to be in
noncompliance will actually be in
noncompliance; (3) assuring
compatibility with other sampling plans
DOE has promulgated; and (4)
minimizing manufacturers’ testing time
and costs. 74 FR 33171, 33179 (July 10,
2009).
In the July NOPR, DOE proposed a
sampling method similar to the method
established for fluorescent ballasts (see
56 FR 18677, 18682 (April 24, 1991)). At
least four ballasts randomly selected
would be tested, and a 99-percent
confidence limit would be applied. DOE
received few comments regarding the
units to be tested; therefore, DOE is
adopting the proposed language with
minor modifications. Comments on this
topic and related modifications are
discussed below.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed using
coefficients of 0.99 for the lower percent
confidence limit and 1.01 for the upper
confidence limit. 74 FR 33171, 33179
(July 10, 2009). No comments were
received regarding the coefficients. The
coefficients are intended to reasonably
reflect variations in material and in the
manufacturing and testing processes.
This statistical process applies an
industry standard 99-percent confidence
level commonly used for evaluation of
large populations and is the confidence
level applied to other DOE test
procedures for products and equipment
subject to energy conservation
standards, such as compact fluorescent
lamps and external power supplies.
Therefore, in today’s final rule DOE
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
adopts the coefficients presented in the
NOPR.
DOE received two comments from
interested parties on the measurement
of units to be tested. First, NEMA stated
that it accepts the proposed sampling
procedure consistent with the approach
DOE adopted for fluorescent lamp
ballasts. This sampling procedure
includes randomly selected ballast
samples, not less than four, to calculate
the represented value of energy
efficiency and to apply the 99-percent
confidence limits as proposed.
Additionally, NEMA suggested
replacing the term ‘‘calculated value of
energy efficiency’’ with use of
‘‘represented value of energy efficiency’’
throughout the test procedure. (NEMA,
No. 21 at p. 6) DOE notes that in the
NOPR, it had used the phrase
‘‘calculated value of energy efficiency’’
in the preamble section of the NOPR,
and the phrase ‘‘represented value of
energy efficiency’’ in the regulatory text.
DOE also notes that for fluorescent lamp
ballasts, the phrase ‘‘represented value
of energy efficiency’’ is used throughout;
therefore, DOE is adopting this phrase
and will use it consistently in today’s
final rule, as suggested by the
commenter.
Second, P.R. China commented that
the sampling procedure proposed for
metal halide lamp ballasts is based on
the current sampling procedure used by
DOE for fluorescent lamp ballasts.
Because there are some differences
between a fluorescent lamp ballast and
a metal halide lamp ballast, P.R. China
requested that DOE provide further
comment on the applicability of the
sampling procedure for fluorescent
lamp ballasts to metal halide lamp
ballasts. (P.R. China, No. 20 at p. 3) In
response, DOE acknowledges that the
sampling procedure is consistent with
the approach DOE has used for
fluorescent lamp ballasts. The sample
size that DOE is adopting in this final
rule is a minimum of four. The number
of tests must increase until the results
meet this rule’s requirements, meaning
that if the first four samples tested do
not have a represented value of energy
efficiency within the mean of the
sample divided by the applicable
coefficient, the manufacturer must
continue testing samples until the
represented value of energy efficiency is
satisfied or the manufacturer cannot
submit the data for compliance and
certification. DOE believes that any
differences between metal halide lamp
ballasts and fluorescent lamp ballasts
will be alleviated by the degree of the
confidence limit (i.e., 99-percent).
Accordingly, in light of the above
considerations and comments, DOE is
PO 00000
Frm 00014
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
adopting the sampling procedure below
for testing metal halide lamp ballast
energy efficiency. The adopted
procedure for metal halide lamp ballasts
is consistent with the approach used for
fluorescent lamp ballasts and requires
randomly selecting and testing a sample
of production units (not fewer than four)
of a representative basic model. A
simple average of the values would be
calculated, which would be the actual
mean value of the sample. For each
representative model, a sample of
sufficient size (no less than four) would
be selected at random and tested to
ensure that:
1. The represented value of energy
efficiency is no less than the higher of
the mean of the sample or the upper 99percent confidence limit of the true
mean divided by 1.01.
2. The represented value of energy
efficiency is no greater than the lower of
the mean of the sample or the lower 99percent confidence limit of the true
mean divided by 0.99.
G. Submission of Data
Metal halide lamp fixture
manufacturers have been required to
comply with the statutory standards in
EISA 2007 regarding ballast efficiency
since January 1, 2009. However, since a
final test procedure has not been
published until this final rule,
manufacturers could not submit data
demonstrating compliance. In the
NOPR, DOE proposed that the
manufacturer, or other entity performing
the test on behalf of the manufacturer,
would be required to provide
certification in a report submitted before
a date one year after publication of the
test procedure final rule, which would
include for each basic model: (1) The
equipment type; (2) manufacturer’s
name; (3) private labeler’s name(s) (if
applicable); and (4) manufacturer’s
model number(s). 74 FR 33171, 33180
(July 10, 2009). NEMA accepted the
DOE proposal for data submission by
certification report. (NEMA, No. 21 at p.
6) Given the absence of any adverse
comment, DOE is adopting the
submission of data requirements
proposed in the NOPR as part of this
final rule.
Specifically, in submitting the report,
manufacturers certify that the testing
was completed in accordance with the
applicable test requirements prescribed
pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6293(b) of EPCA,
as amended. Any change to a basic
model that changes energy consumption
constitutes a new basic model. If such
a change reduces consumption, the new
model would be considered in
compliance with the standard without
any additional testing. However, if such
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
a change increases consumption while
meeting the standard, then all
certification information applicable to
testing of the new basic model would be
required to be submitted.
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
H. Enforcement Provisions
A Federal energy conservation
standard became effective for metal
halide lamp ballasts on January 1, 2009;
therefore, use of the appropriate
application of the testing procedure for
this equipment for purposes of
compliance with and enforcement of the
efficiency requirements is required
upon the effective date of this final rule.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed applying to
metal halide lamp ballasts the same
basic requirements for enforcement
currently in place for other lighting
equipment. 74 FR 33171, 33180 (July 10,
2009). NEMA commented that it
recognized and supported the need for
inclusion of enforcement provisions for
verification of energy efficiency claims.
(NEMA, No. 21 at p. 6) As part of
today’s final rule, DOE is adopting the
proposed testing certification as
presented in the NOPR.
If DOE receives written information
about the performance of metal halide
lamp ballasts indicating that one or
more basic models may not be in
compliance with the energy
conservation standard, DOE may
conduct independent testing of those
basic models. The results of this testing
would serve as the basis for any
enforcement actions related to the
application of these metal halide lamp
ballast test procedures.
I. Provisions for Compliance,
Certification, and Enforcement
The purpose of establishing
compliance, certification, and
enforcement regulations is to provide
reasonable assurance that manufacturers
appropriately test and accurately
represent the performance
characteristics of covered equipment.
Accordingly, today’s final rule specifies
certification, compliance, and
enforcement requirements for ballasts
that are part of metal halide lamp
fixtures. It is noted that DOE plans to
address certification, compliance, and
enforcement provisions for all consumer
products and commercial and industrial
equipment covered by EISA 2007 in a
separate proceeding, a rulemaking
which would not only provide a
centralized location for those provisions
but which would also promote
consistency of such requirements. At
that time, DOE will consider moving the
certification, compliance, and
enforcement provisions being adopted
in today’s final rule to a different
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
section in the CFR dedicated to
compliance, certification, and
enforcement.
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory
Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
Today’s regulatory action is not a
‘‘significant regulatory action’’ under
section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866,
‘‘Regulatory Planning and Review.’’ 58
FR 51735 (Oct. 4, 1993). Accordingly,
this proposed regulatory action was not
subject to review under the Executive
Order by the Office of Information and
Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) in the Office
of Management and Budget (OMB).
B. Review Under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601 et seq., as amended by the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996) requires
preparation of an initial regulatory
flexibility analysis for any rule that, by
law, must be proposed for public
comment, unless the agency certifies
that the proposed rule, if promulgated,
will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
entities. A regulatory flexibility analysis
examines the impact of the rule on
small entities and considers alternative
ways of reducing negative effects. Also,
as required by Executive Order 13272,
‘‘Proper Consideration of Small Entities
in Agency Rulemaking,’’ 67 FR 53461
(August 16, 2002), DOE published
procedures and policies on February 19,
2003, to ensure that the potential impact
of its rules on small entities are properly
considered during the DOE rulemaking
process. 68 FR 7990. DOE made its
procedures and policies available on the
Office of the General Counsel’s Web site
at https://www.gc.doe.gov.
Today’s final rule adopts test
procedures that are to be used to
determine compliance with the energy
conservation standard for certain metal
halide lamp fixtures. DOE reviewed
today’s final rule under the provisions
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act and the
policies and procedures published on
February 19, 2003. For the reasons
explained in the July 2009 NOPR, DOE
certified that the proposed rule would
not have a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities
manufacturing the equipment that are
the subject of this rulemaking. 74 FR
33171, 33182 (July 10, 2009).
The test procedure incorporates by
reference provisions from ANSI
Standard C82.6–2005 for the
measurement of ballast efficiency. ANSI
Standard C82.6–2005 is the current and
PO 00000
Frm 00015
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10963
active industry testing standard for
metal halide lamp ballasts. In
referencing this industry test method,
DOE anticipates that there would be no
incremental increase in testing cost or
burden for covered equipment.
Manufacturers are familiar with the
application of ANSI Standard C82.6–
2005 and should have the equipment
necessary to conduct the performance
measurements. Furthermore, DOE
understands that manufacturers of
covered equipment are using this
industry test method when they make
any representation of their product’s
efficiency in the public domain.
Today’s final rule also establishes a
methodology for the measurement of
standby mode power consumption for
certain metal halide lamp fixtures. DOE
based its method on techniques and
approaches in ANSI Standard C82.6–
2005 and IEC Standard 62301. DOE uses
the same test equipment, accuracy
requirements, and test conditions from
ANSI Standard C82.6–2005. Although
DOE is unaware of any metal halide
lamp ballasts commercially available
today that are capable of operating in
standby mode, ballasts incorporating
features that may encounter standby
mode may enter the market as they have
for fluorescent lamp ballasts. Due to the
fact that DOE’s method is based on the
industry standards and does not exceed
the equipment and accuracy
recommendations in NEMA’s comments
(see III.A, in the discussion of ‘‘ballast
efficiency’’), DOE does not believe the
standby mode test procedure will add
significant costs. Of the two
measurements required in the standby
mode test procedure, the Pin
measurement is common to both the
active mode and the standby mode test
procedure. Measurement of the control
signal is a minimal additional test, but
one that technicians can conduct with
measurement equipment readily
available.
Accordingly, DOE has not prepared a
regulatory flexibility analysis for this
rulemaking. DOE’s certification and
supporting statement of factual basis
was provided to the Chief Counsel for
Advocacy of the Small Business
Administration for review under 5
U.S.C. 605(b). DOE did not receive any
comments regarding the impact on
small business manufacturers of metal
halide lamp fixtures. Thus, DOE
reaffirms and certifies that this rule will
have no significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities.
C. Review Under the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995
Today’s final rule would require each
manufacturer of metal halide lamp
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
10964
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
fixtures (i.e., fixtures that incorporate
metal halide lamp ballasts), or entity
performing tests on behalf of the
manufacturer, to maintain records about
how they determined the energy
efficiency measurement—and on the
date of any amended standards
incorporating standby power usage,
standby power mode energy
consumption measurement—of their
equipment (see regulatory language at
10 CFR Part 431 subpart S). The rule
also requires each manufacturer to make
a one-time submission to DOE, stating
that it is complying with the applicable
energy conservation standards and test
procedures, in addition to certification
reports that set forth the energy
performance of each basic model that it
manufactures. The certification reports
to DOE are submitted one time for each
basic model, either when the
requirements go into effect or when the
manufacturer begins distribution of a
new basic model. The collection of
information is necessary for
implementing and monitoring
compliance with the efficiency
standards and testing requirements for
metal halide lamp fixtures, as mandated
by EPCA. Manufacturers would become
subject to these reporting and
certification requirements once both a
final rule for the metal halide lamp
ballast test procedure and a standard for
the metal halide lamp fixture energy
conservation standard are effective. The
metal halide lamp fixture energy
conservation standard referenced earlier
is already effective (EISA 2007). Upon
the effective date of this final rule,
manufacturers would become subject to
these reporting and certification
requirements.
DOE estimates the total annual
reporting and recordkeeping burden
imposed on manufacturers of metal
halide lamp fixtures by today’s
proposed rule would be 23,680 hours
per year. DOE estimates that the number
of covered manufacturing firms would
be approximately 148, and the total
annual recordkeeping burden from
compliance with the proposed rule
would be 160 hours per company. Thus,
148 firms × 160 hours per firm = 23,680
hours per year. In developing this
burden estimate, DOE considered that
each manufacturer is required to comply
with the energy conservation standards
for metal halide lamp fixtures set by the
statute for ballasts manufactured on or
after the effective date of the relevant
statutory provisions (i.e., January 1,
2009). DOE understands that
manufacturers already maintain the
types of records the final rule would
require them to keep, and believes the
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
collection of information required by
this final rule is the least burdensome
method of meeting the statutory
requirements and achieving the program
objectives of the compliance
certification program for these products
and equipment.
An agency may not conduct or
sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to, a collection of information
unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number. DOE will submit this
information collection request to OMB
for review and approval. Notice of OMB
approval and the control number will be
published in the Federal Register.
D. Review Under the National
Environmental Policy Act
DOE is establishing a final rule for
metal halide lamp ballast test procedure
that it expects will not only be used to
test under current standards, but which
would also be used to develop and
implement future energy conservation
standards for metal halide lamp ballasts.
DOE has determined that this final rule
falls into a class of actions that are
categorically excluded from review
under the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (Pub. L. 91–190,
codified at 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), and
DOE’s implementing regulations at 10
CFR part 1021. Specifically, this final
rule would adopt existing industry
ballast test procedures, so it would not
affect the amount, quality, or
distribution of energy usage, and,
therefore would not result in any
significant effect on the human
environment. Thus, this rulemaking is
covered by Categorical Exclusion A6
under 10 CFR part 1021, subpart D.7
Accordingly, neither an environmental
assessment nor an environmental
impact statement is required.
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
Executive Order 13132, ‘‘Federalism,’’
64 FR 43255 (August 10, 1999), imposes
certain requirements on agencies
formulating and implementing policies
or regulations that preempt State law or
that have Federalism implications. The
Executive Order requires agencies to
examine the constitutional and statutory
authority supporting any action that
would limit the policymaking discretion
of the states and to assess carefully the
necessity for such actions. The
7 Categorical Exclusion A6 provides,
‘‘Rulemakings that are strictly procedural, such as
rulemaking (under 48 CFR part 9) establishing
procedures for technical and pricing proposals and
establishing contract clauses and contracting
practices for the purchase of goods and services,
and rulemaking (under 10 CFR part 600)
establishing application and review procedures for,
and administration, audit, and closeout of, grants
and cooperative agreements.’’
PO 00000
Frm 00016
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
Executive Order also requires agencies
to have an accountable process to
ensure meaningful and timely input by
State and local officials in developing
regulatory policies that have Federalism
implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE
published a statement of policy
describing the intergovernmental
consultation process that it will follow
in developing such regulations. 65 FR
13735. DOE examined this final rule
and determined that it would not have
a substantial direct effect on the states,
on the relationship between the national
government and the states, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government. Accordingly,
Executive Order 13132 requires no
further action.
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
With respect to the review of existing
regulations and the promulgation of
new regulations, section 3(a) of
Executive Order 12988, ‘‘Civil Justice
Reform,’’ 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996),
imposes on Federal agencies the duty to:
(1) Eliminate drafting errors and
ambiguity; (2) write regulations to
minimize litigation; (3) provide a clear
legal standard for affected conduct
rather than a general standard; and (4)
promote simplification and burden
reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive
Order 12988 specifically requires that
Executive agencies make every
reasonable effort to ensure that the
regulation specifies the following: (1)
The preemptive effect, if any; (2) any
effect on existing Federal law or
regulation; (3) a clear legal standard for
affected conduct while promoting
simplification and burden reduction; (4)
the retroactive effect, if any; (5)
definitions of key terms; and (6) other
important issues affecting clarity and
general draftsmanship under any
guidelines issued by the Attorney
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order
12988 requires Executive agencies to
review regulations in light of applicable
standards in sections 3(a) and 3(b) to
determine whether they are met or
whether it is unreasonable to meet one
or more of them. DOE completed the
required review and determined that, to
the extent permitted by law, this final
rule meets the relevant standards of
Executive Order 12988.
G. Review Under the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) (Pub. L.
104–4, codified at 2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.)
requires each Federal agency to assess
the effects of Federal regulatory actions
on State, local, and Tribal governments
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
and the private sector. For regulatory
actions likely to result in a rule that may
cause expenditures by State, local, and
Tribal governments, in the aggregate, or
by the private sector of $100 million or
more in any 1 year (adjusted annually
for inflation), section 202 of UMRA
requires a Federal agency to publish a
written statement that estimates the
resulting costs, benefits, and other
effects on the national economy. (2
U.S.C. 1532(a) and (b)) UMRA requires
a Federal agency to develop an effective
process to permit timely input by
elected officers of State, local, and
Tribal governments on a proposed
‘‘significant intergovernmental
mandate.’’ UMRA also requires an
agency plan for giving notice and
opportunity for timely input to small
governments that may be potentially
affected before establishing any
requirement that might significantly or
uniquely affect them. On March 18,
1997, DOE published a statement of
policy on its process for
intergovernmental consultation under
UMRA. 62 FR 12820. (This policy is
also available at https://www.gc.doe.gov).
Today’s final rule contains neither an
intergovernmental mandate nor a
mandate that may result in the
expenditure of $100 million or more in
any year, so these requirements do not
apply.
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
H. Review Under the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999
Section 654 of the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105–277) requires
Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policymaking Assessment for any rule
that may affect family well-being.
Today’s final rule to amend DOE test
procedures would not have any negative
consequence on the autonomy or
integrity of the family as an institution.
Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it
is not necessary to prepare a Family
Policymaking Assessment.
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
Pursuant to Executive Order 12630,
‘‘Governmental Actions and Interference
with Constitutionally Protected Property
Rights,’’ 53 FR 8859 (March 15, 1988),
DOE determined that this final rule
would not result in any takings that
might require compensation under the
Fifth Amendment to the U.S.
Constitution.
J. Review Under the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001
Section 515 of the Treasury and
General Government Appropriations
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
Act, 2001 (Pub. L. 106–554, codified at
44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for
agencies to review most disseminations
of information to the public under
information quality guidelines
established by each agency pursuant to
general OMB guidelines. OMB’s
guidelines were published at 67 FR
8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and DOE’s
guidelines were published at 67 FR
62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). DOE has reviewed
today’s final rule under the OMB and
DOE guidelines and concluded that it is
consistent with applicable policies in
those guidelines.
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions
Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use,’’ 66 FR 28355 (May
22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to
prepare and submit to OMB a Statement
of Energy Effects for any proposed
significant energy action. A ‘‘significant
energy action’’ is defined as any action
by an agency that promulgated a final
rule or is expected to lead to
promulgation of a final rule, and that:
(1) Is a significant regulatory action
under Executive Order 12866, or any
successor order; and (2) is likely to have
a significant adverse effect on the
supply, distribution, or use of energy; or
(3) is designated by the Administrator of
OIRA as a significant energy action. For
any proposed significant energy action,
the agency must give a detailed
statement of any adverse effects on
energy supply, distribution, or use if the
proposal is implemented, and of
reasonable alternatives to the action and
their expected benefits on energy
supply, distribution, and use. Today’s
final rule is not a significant regulatory
action under Executive Order 12866.
Moreover, it would not have a
significant adverse effect on the supply,
distribution, or use of energy and has
not been designated a significant energy
action by the Administrator of OIRA.
Therefore, DOE determined that this
rule is not a significant energy action.
Accordingly, DOE has not prepared a
Statement of Energy Effects for this
rulemaking.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the
Federal Energy Administration Act of
1974
Under section 301 of the Department
of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–
91; 42 U.S.C. 7101, et seq.), DOE must
comply with section 32 of the Federal
Energy Administration Act of 1974
(Pub. L. 93–275), as amended by the
Federal Energy Administration
Authorization Act of 1977 (Pub. L. 95–
70). (15 U.S.C. 788) Section 32 provides
PO 00000
Frm 00017
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10965
that, where a proposed rule authorizes
or requires use of commercial standards,
the NOPR must inform the public of the
use and background of such standards.
In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE
to consult with the Attorney General
and the Federal Trade Commission
(FTC) about the effect of the commercial
or industry standards on competition.
Today’s final rule incorporates testing
methods contained in the following
commercial standards: ANSI C82.6–
2005, ‘‘American National Standard for
Lamp Ballasts—Ballasts for HighIntensity Discharge Lamps—Methods of
Measurement, 2005.’’ DOE has evaluated
these revised standards and is unable to
conclude whether they fully comply
with the requirements of section 32(b) of
the Federal Energy Administration Act
(i.e., that they were developed in a
manner that fully provides for public
participation, comment, and review).
DOE has consulted with the Attorney
General and the Chairman of the FTC
concerning the affect on competition of
requiring manufacturers to use the test
methods contained in these standards,
and neither recommended against
incorporation of these standards.
M. Congressional Notification
As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will
report to Congress on the promulgation
of today’s rule before its effective date.
The report will state that it has been
determined that the rule is not a ‘‘major
rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 801(2).
V. Approval of the Office of the
Secretary
The Secretary of Energy has approved
publication of this final rule.
List of Subjects in 10 CFR Part 431
Administrative practice and
procedure, Confidential business
information, Energy conservation,
Incorporation by reference, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
Issued in Washington, DC, on February 19,
2010.
Cathy Zoi,
Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
For the reasons stated in the preamble,
DOE amends part 431 of chapter II of
title 10, of the Code of Federal
Regulations, to read as set forth below.
■
PART 431—ENERGY EFFICIENCY
PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL
EQUIPMENT
1. The authority citation for part 431
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291–6317.
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
10966
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
2. Section 431.321 is revised to read
as follows:
■
Subpart S—Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts
and Fixtures
§ 431.321
Purpose and scope.
This subpart contains energy
conservation requirements for metal
halide lamp ballasts and fixtures,
pursuant to Part A of Title III of the
Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as
amended, 42 U.S.C. 6291–6309.
3. Section 431.322 is amended by:
a. Removing from paragraph 5 of the
definition of ‘‘Ballast Efficiency’’ ‘‘2 kHz’’
and adding ‘‘2.4 kHz’’ in its place, and
■ b. Adding, in alphabetical order,
definitions for ‘‘AC control signal,’’
‘‘Active mode,’’ ‘‘Ballast,’’ ‘‘Basic model,’’
‘‘DC control signal,’’ ‘‘Electronic ballast,’’
‘‘Off mode,’’ ‘‘PLC control signal,’’
‘‘Standby mode,’’ and ‘‘Wireless control
signal’’ to read as follows:
■
■
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
§ 431.322 Definitions concerning metal
halide lamp ballasts and fixtures.
AC control signal means an
alternating current (AC) signal that is
supplied to the ballast using additional
wiring for the purpose of controlling the
ballast and putting the ballast in
standby mode.
Active mode means the condition in
which an energy-using product:
(1) Is connected to a main power
source;
(2) Has been activated; and
(3) Provides one or more main
functions.
Ballast means a device used with an
electric discharge lamp to obtain
necessary circuit conditions (voltage,
current, and waveform) for starting and
operating.
*
*
*
*
*
Basic model means, with respect to
metal halide lamp ballasts, all units of
a given type of metal halide lamp ballast
(or class thereof) that:
(1) Are rated to operate a given lamp
type and wattage;
(2) Have essentially identical
electrical characteristics; and
(3) Have no differing electrical,
physical, or functional characteristics
that affect energy consumption.
DC control signal means a direct
current (DC) signal that is supplied to
the ballast using additional wiring for
the purpose of controlling the ballast
and putting the ballast in standby mode.
Electronic ballast means a device that
uses semiconductors as the primary
means to control lamp starting and
operation.
*
*
*
*
*
Off mode means the condition in
which an energy-using product:
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
(1) Is connected to a main power
source; and
(2) Is not providing any standby or
active mode function.
PLC control signal means a power line
carrier (PLC) signal that is supplied to
the ballast using the input ballast wiring
for the purpose of controlling the ballast
and putting the ballast in standby mode.
*
*
*
*
*
Standby mode means the condition in
which an energy-using product:
(1) Is connected to a main power
source; and
(2) Offers one or more of the following
user-oriented or protective functions:
(i) To facilitate the activation or
deactivation of other functions
(including active mode) by remote
switch (including remote control),
internal sensor, or timer;
(ii) Continuous functions, including
information or status displays
(including clocks) or sensor-based
functions.
Wireless control signal means a
wireless signal that is radiated to and
received by the ballast for the purpose
of controlling the ballast and putting the
ballast in standby mode.
§ 431.323
[Amended]
4. Section 431.323 is amended by
adding to the end of paragraph (b)(2)
‘‘and § 431.324’’.
■ 5. Section 431.324 is amended by
revising the section heading, revising
paragraph (b), and adding paragraph (c)
to read as follows:
■
§ 431.324 Uniform test method for the
measurement of energy efficiency and
standby mode energy consumption of metal
halide lamp ballasts.
*
*
*
*
*
(b) Testing and Calculations Active
Mode. (1)(i) Test Conditions. The power
supply, ballast test conditions, lamp
position, lamp stabilization, and test
instrumentation shall all conform to the
requirements specified in section 4.0,
‘‘General Conditions for Electrical
Performance Tests,’’ of ANSI C82.6
(incorporated by reference; see
§ 431.323). Ambient temperatures for
the testing period shall be maintained at
25 °C ± 5 °C. Airflow in the room for
the testing period shall be ≤0.5 meters/
second. The ballast shall be operated
until equilibrium. Lamps used in the
test shall conform to the general
requirements in section 4.4.1 of ANSI
C82.6 and be seasoned for a minimum
of 100 hour prior to use in ballast tests.
Basic lamp stabilization shall conform
to the general requirements in section
4.4.2 of ANSI C82.6, and stabilization
shall be reached when the lamp’s
electrical characteristics vary by no
PO 00000
Frm 00018
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
more than 3-percent in three
consecutive 10- to 15-minute intervals
measured after the minimum burning
time of 30 minutes. After the
stabilization process has begun, the
lamp shall not be moved or repositioned
until after the testing is complete. In
order to avoid heating up the test ballast
during lamp stabilization, which could
cause resistance changes and result in
unrepeatable data, it is necessary to
warm up the lamp on a standby ballast.
This standby ballast should be a
commercial ballast of a type similar to
the test ballast in order to be able to
switch a stabilized lamp to the test
ballast without extinguishing the lamp.
Fast-acting or make-before-break
switches are recommended to prevent
the lamps from extinguishing during
switchover.
(ii) Alternative Stabilization Method.
In cases where switching without
extinguishing the lamp is impossible or
for low-frequency electronic ballasts,
the following alternative stabilization
method shall be used. The lamp
characteristics are determined using a
reference ballast and recorded for future
comparison. The same lamp is to be
driven by the ballast under test until the
ballast reaches operational stability.
Operational stability is defined by three
consecutive measurements, 5 minutes
apart, of the lamp power where the
three readings are within 2.5 percent.
The electrical measurements are to be
taken within 5 minutes after conclusion
of the stabilization period.
(2) Test Measurement. The ballast
input power and lamp output power
during operating conditions shall be
measured in accordance with the
methods specified in section 6.0,
‘‘Ballast Measurements (MultipleSupply Type Ballasts)’’ of the ANSI
C82.6 (incorporated by reference; see
§ 431.323).
(3) Efficiency Calculation. The
measured lamp output power shall be
divided by the ballast input power to
determine the percent efficiency of the
ballast under test.
(c) Testing and Calculations-Standby
Mode. The measurement of standby
mode need not be performed to
determine compliance with energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures at this time. The above
statement will be removed as part of the
rulemaking to amend the energy
conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures to account for standby
mode energy consumption, and the
following shall apply on the compliance
date for such requirements. However, all
representations related to standby mode
energy consumption of these products
made after September 7, 2010, must be
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
10967
(3) Measurement of Control Signal
Power. The power from the control
signal path is measured using all
applicable methods described below:
(i) DC Control Signal. Measure the DC
control signal voltage, using a voltmeter
(V), and current, using an ammeter (A)
connected to the ballast in accordance
with the circuit shown in Figure 1. The
DC control signal power is calculated by
multiplying the DC control signal
voltage by the DC control signal current.
a wattmeter capable of indicating true
RMS power in watts (W), connected to
the ballast in accordance with the
circuit shown in Figure 2.
(iii) Power Line Carrier (PLC) Control
Signal. Measure the PLC control signal
power (watts), using a wattmeter
capable of indicating true RMS power in
watts (W) connected to the ballast in
accordance with the circuit shown in
Figure 3. The wattmeter must have a
frequency response that is at least 10
times higher than the PLC being
measured to measure the PLC signal
correctly. The wattmeter must also be
high-pass filtered to filter out power at
60 Hz.
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
PO 00000
Frm 00019
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
ER09MR10.005
ER09MR10.006
instructing it to have zero light output
using the appropriate ballast
communication protocol or system for
the ballast being tested.
(2) Measurement of Main Input Power.
Measure the input power (watts) to the
ballast in accordance with the methods
specified in section 6.0, ‘‘Ballast
Measurements (Multiple-Supply Type
Ballasts)’’ of the ANSI C82.6
(incorporated by reference; see
§ 431.323).
(ii) AC Control Signal. Measure the
AC control signal power (watts), using
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
based upon results generated under this
test procedure.
(1) Test Conditions. The power
supply, ballast test conditions, and test
instrumentation shall all conform to the
requirements specified in section 4.0,
‘‘General Conditions for Electrical
Performance Tests,’’ of the ANSI C82.6
(incorporated by reference; see
§ 431.323) Ambient temperatures for the
testing period shall be maintained at 25
°C ± 5 °C. Send a signal to the ballast
10968
6. Section 431.325 is added to subpart
S to read as follows:
■
§ 431.325
Units to be tested.
For each basic model of metal halide
lamp ballast selected for testing, a
sample of sufficient size, no less than
four, shall be selected at random and
tested to ensure that:
(a) Any represented value of
estimated energy efficiency calculated
as the measured output power to the
lamp divided by the measured input
power to the ballast (Pout/Pin), of a basic
model is no less than the higher of:
(1) The mean of the sample, or
(2) The upper 99-percent confidence
limit of the true mean divided by 1.01.
(b) Any represented value of the energy
efficiency of a basic model is no greater
than the lower of:
(1) The mean of the sample, or
(2) The lower 99-percent confidence
limit of the true mean divided by 0.99.
7. Sections 431.327, 431.328, 431.329
and Appendices A, B, and C are added
to Subpart S to read as follows:
■
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
§ 431.327
Submission of data.
(a) Certification. (1) Except as
provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this
section, each manufacturer or private
labeler, before distributing in commerce
any basic model of equipment covered
by this subpart and subject to an energy
conservation standard set forth in this
part, shall certify by means of a
compliance statement and a certification
report that each basic model meets the
applicable energy conservation
standard.
(2) Each manufacturer or private
labeler of a basic model of metal halide
lamp ballast shall file a compliance
statement and its first certification
report with DOE on or before March 9,
2011.
(3) Amendment of information. If
information in a compliance statement
or certification report previously
submitted to the Department under this
section is found to be incorrect, each
manufacturer or private labeler (or an
authorized representative) must submit
the corrected information to the
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
Department at the address and in the
manner described in this section.
(4) Third-party representatives. Each
manufacturer or private labeler shall
notify the Department when designating
a third-party representative and shall
notify the Department of any changes of
third-party representatives which is to
be sent to the Department at the address
and in the manner described in this
section.
(5) Compliance statement. Each
manufacturer or private labeler need
submit its compliance statement once.
Such statement shall include all
required information specified in the
format set forth in Appendix A of this
subpart and shall certify, with respect to
each basic model currently produced by
the manufacturer and all new basic
models it introduces in the future, that:
(i) Each basic model complies and
will comply with the applicable energy
conservation standard;
(ii) All representations as to efficiency
in the manufacturer’s certification
report(s) are and will be based on testing
conducted in accordance with the
applicable test requirements prescribed
in this subpart;
(iii) All information reported in the
certification report(s) is and will be true,
accurate, and complete; and
(iv) The manufacturer or private
labeler is aware of the penalties
associated with violations of the Act,
the regulations thereunder, and 18
U.S.C. 1001, which prohibits knowingly
making false statements to the Federal
Government.
(6) Certification report. Each
manufacturer must submit to DOE a
certification report for each of its metal
halide lamp ballast basic models. The
certification report (for which a
suggested format is set forth in
Appendix B of this subpart) shall
include for each basic model the
product type, product class,
manufacturer’s name, private labeler’s
name(s) (if applicable), the
manufacturer’s model number(s), and
the ballast efficiency in percent. A
single certification report may be used
PO 00000
Frm 00020
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
to report required information for
multiple basic models.
(7) Copies of reports to the Federal
Trade Commission that include the
information specified in paragraph (a)(6)
of this section could serve in lieu of the
certification report.
(b) Model modifications. Any change
to a basic model that affects energy
consumption constitutes the addition of
a new basic model. If such a change
reduces energy consumption, the new
model shall be considered in
compliance with the standard without
any additional testing. If, however, such
a change increases energy consumption
while meeting the standard, then the
manufacturer must submit all
information required by paragraph (a)(6)
of this section for the new basic model.
(c) Discontinued models. A
manufacturer shall report to the
Department a basic model whose
production has ceased and is no longer
being distributed. For each basic model,
the report shall include: equipment
type, equipment class, the
manufacturer’s name, the private
labeler’s name(s) (if applicable), and the
manufacturer’s model number. If the
reporting of discontinued models
coincides with the submittal of a
certification report, such information
can be included in the certification
report.
(d) Third-party representation. A
manufacturer or private labeler may
elect to use a third party (such as a trade
association or other authorized
representative) to submit the
certification report to DOE. Such
certification reports shall include all the
information specified in paragraph (a)(6)
of this section. Third parties submitting
certification reports shall include the
names of the manufacturers or private
labelers who authorized the submittal of
the certification reports to DOE on their
behalf. The third-party representative
also may submit model modification
information, as specified in paragraph
(b) of this section, and discontinued
model information, as specified in
paragraph (c) of this section, on behalf
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
ER09MR10.007
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
of an authorizing manufacturer or
private labeler.
(e) Submission instructions. All
reports and notices required by this
section shall be sent by certified mail to:
U.S. Department of Energy, Building
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE–2J,
1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585–0121, or by email to the Department at:
certification.report@ee.doe.gov. If
submitting by e-mail, the compliance
statement must be provided in PDF
format (which shows the original
signature).
§ 431.328
Sampling.
For purposes of a certification of
compliance, the determination that a
basic model complies with the
applicable energy conservation standard
shall be based upon the testing and
sampling procedures, and other
applicable rating procedures, set forth in
this part. For purposes of a certification
of compliance, the determination that a
basic model complies with the
applicable design standard shall be
based on the incorporation of specific
design requirements specified in this
part.
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
§ 431.329
Enforcement.
Process for Metal Halide Lamp
Ballasts. This section sets forth
procedures DOE will follow in pursuing
alleged noncompliance with an
applicable energy conservation
standard.
(a) Performance standards. (1) Test
notice. Upon receiving information in
writing concerning the energy
performance of a particular covered
equipment sold by a particular
manufacturer or private labeler which
indicates that the covered equipment
may not be in compliance with the
applicable energy standard, the
Secretary may conduct a review of the
test records. The Secretary may then
conduct enforcement testing of that
equipment under the DOE test
procedure, a process that is initiated by
means of a test notice addressed to the
manufacturer or private labeler in
accordance with the requirements
outlined below.
(i) The test notice procedure will only
be followed after the Secretary or his/
her designated representative has
examined the underlying test data
provided by the manufacturer, and after
the manufacturer has been offered the
opportunity to meet with the
Department to verify compliance with
the applicable energy conservation
standard and/or water conservation
standard. A representative designated
by the Secretary must be permitted to
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
observe any re-verification procedures
undertaken according to this subpart,
and to inspect the results of such reverification.
(ii) The test notice will be signed by
the Secretary or his/her designee and
will be mailed or delivered by the
Department to the plant manager or
other responsible official designated by
the manufacturer.
(iii) The test notice will specify the
basic model to be selected for testing,
the number of units to be tested, the
method for selecting these units, the
date and time at which testing is to
begin, the date when testing is
scheduled to be completed, and the
facility at which testing will be
conducted. The test notice may also
provide for situations in which the
selected basic model is unavailable for
testing, and it may include alternative
basic models.
(iv) The Secretary may require in the
test notice that the manufacturer of
covered equipment shall ship at its
expense a reasonable number of units of
each basic model specified in the test
notice to a testing laboratory designated
by the Secretary. The number of units of
a basic model specified in a test notice
shall not exceed 20.
(v) Within five working days of the
time the units are selected, the
manufacturer must ship the specified
test units of a basic model to the
designated testing laboratory.
(2) Testing Laboratory. Whenever the
Department conducts enforcement
testing at a designated laboratory in
accordance with a test notice under this
section, the resulting test data shall
constitute official test data for that basic
model. The Department will use such
test data to make a determination of
compliance or noncompliance.
(3) Sampling. The Secretary will base
the determination of whether a
manufacturer’s basic model complies
with the applicable energy conservation
standard on testing conducted in
accordance with the applicable test
procedures specified in this part, and
with the following statistical sampling
procedures for metal halide lamp
ballasts, with the methods described in
10 CFR Part 431, Subpart S, Appendix
C (Sampling Plan for Enforcement
Testing).
(4) Test unit selection. For metal
halide lamp ballasts, the following
applies:
(i) The Department shall select a
batch, a batch sample, and test units
from the batch sample in accordance
with the following provisions of this
paragraph and the conditions specified
in the test notice.
PO 00000
Frm 00021
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
10969
(ii) The batch may be subdivided by
the Department using criteria specified
in the test notice.
(iii) The Department will then
randomly select a batch sample of up to
20 units from one or more subdivided
groups within the batch. The
manufacturer shall keep on hand all
units in the batch sample until the basic
model is determined to be in
compliance or non-compliance.
(iv) The Department will randomly
select individual test units comprising
the test sample from the batch sample.
(v) All random selections shall be
achieved by sequentially numbering all
the units in a batch sample and then
using a table of random numbers to
select the units to be tested.
(5) Test unit preparation. (i) Before
and during the testing, a test unit
selected in accordance with paragraph
(a)(4) of this section shall not be
prepared, modified, or adjusted in any
manner unless such preparation,
modification, or adjustment is allowed
by the applicable DOE test procedure.
DOE will test each unit in accordance
with the applicable test procedures.
(ii) No one may perform any quality
control, testing, or assembly procedures
on a test unit, or any parts and
subassemblies thereof, that is not
performed during the production and
assembly of all other units included in
the basic model.
(iii) A test unit shall be considered
defective if it is inoperative. A test unit
is also defective if it is found to be in
noncompliance due to a manufacturing
defect or due to failure of the unit to
operate according to the manufacturer’s
design and operating instructions, and
the manufacturer demonstrates by
statistically valid means that, with
respect to such defect or failure, the unit
is not representative of the population
of production units from which it is
obtained. Defective units, including
those damaged due to shipping or
handling, must be reported immediately
to DOE. The Department may authorize
testing of an additional unit on a caseby-case basis.
(6) Testing at manufacturer’s option.
(i) If the Department determines a basic
model to be in noncompliance with the
applicable energy performance standard
at the conclusion of its initial
enforcement sampling plan testing, the
manufacturer may request that the
Department conduct additional testing
of the basic model. Additional testing
under this paragraph must be in
accordance with the applicable test
procedure, and for metal halide lamp
ballasts, the applicable provisions in
Appendix C to Subpart S to Part 431.
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
10970
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
(ii) All units tested under this
paragraph shall be selected and tested in
accordance with paragraphs (a)(1)(v)
and (a)(2) through (5) of this section.
(iii) The manufacturer shall bear the
cost of all testing conducted under this
paragraph.
(iv) The Department will advise the
manufacturer of the method for
selecting the additional units for testing
under the sampling plan, the date and
time at which testing is scheduled to
begin, the date by which testing is
scheduled to be completed, and the
facility at which the testing will occur.
(v) The manufacturer shall cease
distribution of the basic model tested
under the provisions of this paragraph
from the time the manufacturer elects to
exercise the option provided in this
paragraph until the basic model is
determined to be in compliance. The
Department may seek civil penalties for
all units distributed during such period.
(vi) If the additional testing results in
a determination of compliance, the
Department will issue a notice of
allowance to resume distribution.
(b) Cessation of distribution of a basic
model of commercial equipment other
than electric motors. (1) In the event the
Department determines, in accordance
with enforcement provisions set forth in
this subpart, that a model of covered
equipment is noncompliant, or if a
manufacturer or private labeler
determines one of its models to be in
noncompliance, the manufacturer or
private labeler shall:
(i) Immediately cease distribution in
commerce of all units of the basic model
in question;
(ii) Give immediate written
notification of the determination of
noncompliance to all persons to whom
the manufacturer has distributed units
of the basic model manufactured since
the date of the last determination of
compliance; and
(iii) If requested by the Secretary,
provide DOE, within 30 days of the
request, records, reports and other
documentation pertaining to the
acquisition, ordering, storage, shipment,
or sale of a basic model determined to
be in noncompliance.
(2) The manufacturer may modify the
noncompliant basic model in such
manner as to make it comply with the
applicable performance standard. The
manufacturer or private labeler must
treat such a modified basic model as a
new basic model and certify it in
accordance with the provisions of this
subpart. In addition to satisfying all
requirements of this subpart, the
manufacturer must also maintain
records that demonstrate that
modifications have been made to all
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
units of the new basic model before its
distribution in commerce.
(3) If a manufacturer or private labeler
has a basic model that is not properly
certified in accordance with the
requirements of this subpart, the
Secretary may seek, among other
remedies, injunctive action to prohibit
distribution in commerce of the basic
model.
Appendix A to Subpart S of Part 431—
Compliance Statement for Metal Halide
Lamp Ballasts
Equipment: Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts
Manufacturer’s or Private Labeler’s Name and
Address:
lllllllllllllllllllll
lllllllllllllllllllll
[Company name] (‘‘the company’’) submits
this Compliance Statement under 10 CFR
Part 431 (Energy Efficiency Program for
Certain Commercial and Industrial
Equipment) and Part A of the Energy Policy
and Conservation Act (Pub. L. 94–163), and
amendments thereto. I am signing this on
behalf of and as a responsible official of the
company. All basic models of metal halide
lamp ballasts subject to energy conservation
standards specified in 10 CFR Part 431 that
this company manufactures comply with the
applicable energy conservation standard(s).
We have complied with the applicable
testing requirements (prescribed in 10 CFR
Part 431) in making this determination, and
in determining the energy efficiency set forth
in all Certification Reports submitted by or
on behalf of this company. All information in
such Certification Report(s) and in this
Compliance Statement is true, accurate, and
complete. The company pledges that all this
information in any future Compliance
Statement(s) and Certification Report(s) will
meet these standards, and that the company
will comply with the energy conservation
requirements in 10 CFR Part 431 with regard
to any new basic model it distributes in the
future. The company is aware of the penalties
associated with violations of the Act and the
regulations thereunder, and is also aware of
the provisions contained in 18 U.S.C. 1001,
which prohibits knowingly making false
statements to the Federal Government.
Name of Company Official: llllllll
Signature of Company Official: llllll
Title: llllllllllllllllll
Firm or Organization: llllllllll
Date: llllllllllllllllll
Name of Person to Contact for Further
Information:
Address: llllllllllllllll
Telephone Number: lllllllllll
Facsimile Number: llllllllllll
Email: lllllllllllllllll
Third-Party Representation (if applicable)
For certification reports prepared and
submitted by a third-party organization
under the provisions of 10 CFR Part 431, the
company official who authorized said thirdparty representation is:
Name: lllllllllllllllll
Title: llllllllllllllllll
Address: llllllllllllllll
PO 00000
Frm 00022
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 4700
Telephone Number: lllllllllll
Facsimile Number: llllllllllll
Email: lllllllllllllllll
The third-party organization authorized to
act as representative:
Third-Party Organization: llllllll
Address: llllllllllllllll
Telephone Number: lllllllllll
Facsimile Number: llllllllllll
Email: lllllllllllllllll
Submit by Certified Mail to: U.S. Department
of Energy, Building Technologies Program,
Mailstop EE–2J, 1000 Independence Avenue,
SW, Washington, DC 20585–0121. Submit by
e-mail in PDF format (which shows original
signature) to the U.S. Department of Energy,
Buildings Technologies Program at:
certification.report.@ee.doe.gov.
Appendix B to Subpart S to Part 431—
Certification Report for Metal Halide
Lamp Ballasts
All information reported in this Certification
Report(s) is true, accurate, and complete. The
company is aware of the penalties associated
with violations of the Act, the regulations
thereunder, and is also aware of the
provisions contained in 18 U.S.C. 1001,
which prohibits knowingly making false
statements to the Federal Government.
Name of Company Official or Third-Party
Representative:
lllllllllllllllllllll
Signature of Company Official or Third-Party
Representative:
lllllllllllllllllllll
Title: llllllllllllllllll
Date: llllllllllllllllll
Equipment Type: llllllllllll
Manufacturer: llllllllllllll
Name of Person to Contact for Further
Information:
lllllllllllllllllllll
Address: llllllllllllllll
Telephone Number: lllllllllll
Facsimile Number: llllllllllll
E-mail: lllllllllllllllll
For Existing, New, or Modified Models:
[Provide specific equipment information
including, for each basic model, the product
class, the manufacturer’s model number(s),
and the other information required in
431.327(a)(6)(i).]
For Discontinued Models: [Provide
manufacturer’s model number(s).]
Submit by Certified Mail to: U.S. Department
of Energy, Building Technologies Program,
Mailstop EE–2J, 1000 Independence Avenue,
SW., Washington, DC 20585–0121. Submit by
E-mail to: U.S. Department of Energy,
Buildings Technologies Program,
certification.report@ee.doe.gov.
Appendix C to Subpart S of Part 431—
Enforcement for Performance
Standards; Compliance Determination
Procedure for Metal Halide Lamp
Ballasts
DOE will determine compliance as follows:
(a) After it has determined the sample size,
DOE will measure the energy performance for
each unit in accordance with the following
table:
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules and Regulations
Sample size
Number of tests for
each unit
4
3
2
1
1
1
2
4
LCL1= EPS − tsx1
n
1 ⎧ 1 ⎫
⎪
⎪
⎨∑ xi ⎬
n1 ⎩ i =1 ⎭
⎪
⎪
LCL1 = 97.5 EPS
[1]
UCL1= EPS + tsx1
S1 =
2
∑ ( xi − x1 )
i =1
[ 2]
n1 − 1
(d) Compute the standard error (Sx1) of the
measured energy performance from the n1
tests as follows:
S1
n1
[3]
[5a ]
or
(whichever is less)
UCL1= 1.025 EPS
[5b]
Where EPS is the energy performance
standard and t is a statistic based on a 99percent, one-sided confidence limit and a
sample size of n1.
(f)(1) Compare the sample mean to the
control limit. The basic model is in
compliance and testing is at an end if, for an
energy efficiency standard, the sample mean
is equal to or greater than the lower control
limit or, for an energy consumption standard,
the sample mean is equal to or less than the
upper control limit. If, for an energy
efficiency standard, the sample mean is less
than the lower control limit or, for an energy
consumption standard, the sample mean is
greater than the upper control limit,
compliance has not been demonstrated.
Unless the manufacturer requests
manufacturer-option testing and provides the
additional units for such testing, the basic
model is in noncompliance, and the testing
is at an end.
(2) If the manufacturer does request
additional testing and provides the necessary
additional units, DOE will test each unit the
same number of times it tested previous
units. DOE will then compute a combined
sample mean, standard deviation, and
standard error as described above. (The
‘‘combined sample’’ refers to the units DOE
initially tested plus the additional units DOE
has tested at the manufacturer’s request.)
DOE will determine compliance or
noncompliance from the mean and the new
lower or upper control limit of the combined
sample. If, for an energy efficiency standard,
the combined sample mean is equal to or
greater than the new lower control limit or,
for an energy consumption standard, the
sample mean is equal to or less than the
upper control limit, the basic model is in
compliance and testing is at an end. If the
combined sample mean does not satisfy one
of these two conditions, the basic model is
not in compliance.
[FR Doc. 2010–3841 Filed 3–8–10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450–01–P
ER09MR10.010
ER09MR10.009
VerDate Nov<24>2008
18:05 Mar 08, 2010
Jkt 220001
PO 00000
Frm 00023
Fmt 4701
Sfmt 9990
E:\FR\FM\09MRR3.SGM
09MRR3
ER09MR10.008
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with RULES3
ER09MR10.011
ER09MR10.012
ER09MR10.013
ER09MR10.014
Sx1 =
[ 4b]
(whichever is greater)
(2) For an energy use standard, compute
the upper control limit (UCL1) according to:
Where xi is the measured energy efficiency
or consumption from test i, and n1 is the total
number of tests.
(c) Compute the standard deviation (S1) of
the measured energy performance from the n1
tests as follows:
n1
[ 4a ]
or
(b) Compute the mean of the measured
energy performance (x1) for all tests as
follows:
x1 =
(e)(1) For an energy efficiency standard,
compute the lower control limit (LCL1)
according to:
10971
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 45 (Tuesday, March 9, 2010)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 10950-10971]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-3841]
[[Page 10949]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Part III
Department of Energy
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
10 CFR Part 431
Energy Conservation Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial
Equipment: Test Procedure for Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts (Active and
Standby Modes) and Proposed Information Collection, et al.; Final Rule
and Notice
Federal Register / Vol. 75 , No. 45 / Tuesday, March 9, 2010 / Rules
and Regulations
[[Page 10950]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Part 431
[Docket No. EERE-2008-BT-TP-0017]
RIN 1904-AB87
Energy Conservation Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial
Equipment: Test Procedure for Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts (Active and
Standby Modes) and Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request;
Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement Requirements for Consumer
Products and Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment; Final Rule
and Notice
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is establishing metal
halide lamp ballast test procedures in today's final rule by which
manufacturers will demonstrate compliance with the metal halide lamp
fixture energy conservation standards mandated by the Energy Policy and
Conservation Act (EPCA), as amended. These test procedures are based
primarily on and incorporate by reference provisions of American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard C82.6-2005, ``Ballasts for
High-Intensity Discharge Lamps--Methods of Measurement.'' As further
required by EPCA, DOE is establishing a test method for measuring
standby mode power consumption and explaining why off mode power
consumption does not apply to metal halide lamp ballasts. The test
procedures' standby mode provisions are based on the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 62301, ``Household
electrical appliances--Measurement of standby power.'' This rule also
adopts a number of definitions for key terms.
DATES: These test procedures are effective on April 8, 2010. The
incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this rule
is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of April 8,
2010.
ADDRESSES: You may review copies of all materials related to this
rulemaking at the U.S. Department of Energy, Resource Room of the
Building Technologies Program, 950 L'Enfant Plaza, SW., Suite 600,
Washington, DC, (202) 586-2945, between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal Holidays. Please call Ms. Brenda Edwards
at the above telephone number for additional information regarding
visiting the Resource Room.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Linda Graves, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-1851. E-mail:
Linda.Graves@ee.doe.gov.
For legal issues, contact Mr. Eric Stas, U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of the General Counsel, GC-71, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW.,
Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-9507. E-mail:
Eric.Stas@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This rule includes language that refers to
the following standard that has been previously approved for
incorporation by reference:
ANSI C82.6-2005, Proposed Revision of ANSI C82.6-1985 (ANSI C82.6),
American National Standard for lamp ballasts--Ballasts for High-
Intensity Discharge Lamps--Methods of Measurement, approved February
14, 2005.
Copies of this standard are available from: American National
Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY
10036, 212-642-4900, or go to https://www.ansi.org.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
II. Summary of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. Definitions
B. Test Method for Measuring Energy Efficiency of Metal Halide
Lamp Ballasts
1. Test Setup and Conditions
a. Lamp Orientation
b. Power Supply, Ambient Test Temperatures, and Instrumentation
c. Lamp Stabilization
2. Test Measurements
3. Ballast Efficiency Calculation
C. Test Method for Measuring Standby Power of Metal Halide Lamp
Ballasts
1. Overview of Test Method
2. Test Method and Measurements
3. Combining Measurements and Burden
D. Scope of Applicability of Standby Power Test Procedure
E. Effective Date of Standby Mode Test Method
F. Units To Be Tested
G. Submission of Data
H. Enforcement Provisions
I. Provisions for Compliance, Certification, and Enforcement
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 1999
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration
Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
I. Authority and Background
Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 United
States Code (U.S.C.) 6291 et seq.; EPCA) sets forth provisions to
improve energy efficiency. Part A \1\ (42 U.S.C. 6291-6309) establishes
the Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than
Automobiles (Program), which covers consumer products and certain
commercial equipment, including metal halide lamp fixtures. (42 U.S.C.
6292(a)(19)) Metal halide lamp fixtures contain metal halide lamp
ballasts. Because the metal halide lamp fixture energy conservation
standards in EPCA establish a minimum efficiency for the ballasts
incorporated into those fixtures, this test procedure addresses
measurement of metal halide lamp ballast efficiency. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(A)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ This part was originally titled Part B. It was redesignated
Part A in the United States Code for editorial reasons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The program generally includes testing, labeling, and Federal
energy conservation standards. The testing requirements consist of test
procedures prescribed under EPCA, that manufacturers of covered
equipment must use: (a) As the basis for certifying to DOE that their
products comply with energy conservation standards promulgated under
EPCA; and (b) for representing the energy efficiency of their products.
Similarly, DOE must use these test procedures when determining whether
the equipment complies with energy conservation standards adopted
pursuant to EPCA.
EPCA established generally applicable criteria and procedures for
DOE's adoption and amendment of such test procedures (42 U.S.C. 6293),
and provided that ``[a]ny test procedures prescribed or amended under
this section shall be reasonably designed to produce test results which
measure energy efficiency, energy use, * * * or estimated annual
operating cost of a covered product during a representative average use
cycle or period of use, as determined by the Secretary [of Energy],
[[Page 10951]]
and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct.'' (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(3)).
For metal halide lamp ballasts, section 324(c) of the Energy
Independence and Security Act of 2007 (Public Law (Pub. L.) 110-140;
EISA 2007) amended EPCA and required DOE to establish test procedures
for metal halide lamp ballasts--a newly covered equipment type under
the statute--as follows: ``(18) Metal halide lamp ballasts.--Test
procedures for metal halide lamp ballasts shall be based on ANSI
Standard C82.6-2005, titled `Ballasts for High-Intensity Discharge
Lamps--Method of Measurement.' '' (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18)).
Section 324(e) of EISA 2007 also prescribed mandatory minimum
efficiency levels for pulse-start metal halide lamp ballasts, magnetic
probe-start lamp ballasts, and nonpulse-start electronic lamp ballasts
that operate [metal halide] lamps rated greater than or equal to 150
watts (W) but less than or equal to 500 W. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(A))
Excluded from these energy conservation standards are regulated lag
ballasts,\2\ electronic ballasts that operate at 480 volts, or ballasts
in fixtures that are: (1) Rated only for 150 W lamps; (2) rated for use
in wet locations, as specified by the National Electrical Code 2002,
section 410.4(A); and (3) contain a ballast that is rated to operate at
ambient air temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius ([deg]C), as
specified in UL 1029-2001 by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(B)) These statutory standards apply to metal halide lamp
fixtures manufactured on or after January 1, 2009. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(C)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ A ``regulated lag ballast'' is the industry term for a lag
ballast with a third coil for improved lamp power regulation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE again notes that because of the codification of the metal
halide lamp fixture provisions in 42 U.S.C. 6295, a rulemaking for
metal halide lamp fixture energy conservation standards and any
associated test procedures are subject to the requirements of the
consumer products provisions of Part A of Title III. However, because
metal halide lamp fixtures (and their ballasts) are generally
considered to be commercial equipment and consistent with DOE's
previous action to incorporate requirements of the Energy Policy Act of
2005 (EPACT 2005) for commercial equipment into 10 CFR part 431
(``Energy Efficiency Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial
Equipment''), DOE intends to place the new requirements for metal
halide lamp fixtures (and ballasts) in 10 CFR part 431 for ease of
reference. DOE notes that the location of the provisions within the CFR
does not affect either the substance or applicable procedure for metal
halide lamp ballasts; as such, DOE is placing them in the appropriate
CFR part based upon the nature or type of those products. Based upon
their placement into 10 CFR 431, metal halide lamp ballasts will be
referred to as ``equipment'' throughout this notice.
EISA 2007 further amended EPCA. In relevant part here, section 310
of EISA 2007 includes a requirement that DOE amend its test procedures,
if technically infeasible, to include standby mode and off mode energy
consumption in the overall energy efficiency, energy consumption, or
other energy descriptor for each covered product for which DOE's
current test procedures do not fully account for standby mode and off
mode energy consumption. If such combined measure is technically
infeasible, DOE must prescribe a separate standby mode and off mode
energy use test procedure, if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(A)) Any such amendment must consider the most current
versions of IEC Standards 62301, ``Household electrical appliances--
Measurement of standby power,'' and 62087, ``Methods of measurement for
the power consumption of audio, video and related equipment.'' Id.
Further, section 310 of EISA 2007 provides that any final rule
establishing or revising energy conservation standards adopted on or
after July 1, 2010, must incorporate standby mode and off mode energy
use. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(3)(A)) DOE notes here that EPCA, as amended,
requires DOE to determine whether the energy conservation standards for
metal halide lamp fixtures should be amended, and if so, DOE must
publish a final rule with amended standards by January 1, 2012. (42
U.S.C. 6295(hh)(2)).
Accordingly, pursuant to section 310 of EISA 2007 and given the
potential for amended energy conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures that address standby mode and off mode, DOE has concluded
that its metal halide lamp ballast test procedure must account for
standby mode and off mode energy consumption. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)) A
DOE test procedure is needed that accounts for standby mode and off
mode energy use, in order to permit manufacturers to measure and
certify compliance with energy conservation standards for metal halide
lamp fixtures that address those modes. Today's final rule will also
provide DOE a means for determining compliance with any standard
adopted for metal halide lamp fixtures that includes such energy
consumption.
II. Summary of the Final Rule
As noted above, EPCA, as amended by EISA 2007, states that test
procedures for metal halide lamp ballasts shall be based on ANSI
Standard C82.6-2005 (ANSI C82.6-2005), ``Ballasts for High Intensity
Discharge Lamps--Methods of Measurement.'' (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18)) DOE
found ANSI C82.6-2005 suitable for testing metal halide lamp ballasts
because it contained all of the required major elements to adequately
measure the efficiency of metal halide lamp ballasts, as discussed in
section III.B. Accordingly, DOE has drawn on relevant portions of ANSI
C82.6-2005 in developing its metal halide lamp ballast test procedure.
Specifically, today's final rule references the ballast power loss
measurement method (section 6.10) of ANSI C82.6-2005 as the means of
determining the efficiency of metal halide lamp ballasts, and
references other applicable sections of ANSI C82.6-2005 for test
conditions and setup. The test procedure currently applies to metal
halide lamp ballasts that operate lamps rated greater than or equal to
150 W but less than or equal to 500 W (although it is capable of
measuring ballasts operating lamps of both higher and lower wattage
ranges), and the final rule establishes test methodologies for
measuring standby mode power consumption, based on relevant portions of
IEC 62301 and ANSI C82.6-2005. Finally, the final rule establishes the
sampling and efficiency calculations to be used.
DOE reviewed the definitions of ``standby mode'' and ``off mode''
contained in EPCA section 325(gg)(1) in the context of metal halide
lamp ballasts. (42 USC 6295(gg)(1)) DOE found that, while it is
possible for metal halide lamp ballasts to operate in standby mode, the
off mode condition does not apply because it addresses a mode of energy
use in which metal halide lamp ballasts do not operate. For this
reason, today's final rule prescribes a test method for measuring power
consumption in standby mode (section III.C), but it does not prescribe
an off mode test method. The prescribed standby mode test will enable
DOE to consider and address standby mode energy consumption in the next
metal halide lamp fixture energy conservation standards rulemaking.
The ``standby mode'' definition established by EISA 2007 does not
apply to all ballasts. 74 Federal Register (FR) 33171, 33174 (July 10,
2009). There are two types of ballasts (i.e., magnetic and electronic),
but only electronic
[[Page 10952]]
ballasts or magnetic ballasts operating with an auxiliary control
device can operate in standby mode. DOE determined that standby mode
applies only to certain ballasts under certain operating conditions.
See sections III.A. and III.C for a detailed discussion of the
definitions for ``standby mode'' and ``off mode,'' as well as test
methods for standby mode.
As provided by EPCA, amendments to the test procedures to include
standby mode and off mode energy consumption shall not be used to
determine compliance with previously established standards. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(2)(C)) The inclusion of a standby mode test method in this
final rule will not affect a manufacturer's ability to demonstrate
compliance with the energy conservation standards for metal halide lamp
fixtures that took effect January 1, 2009. (42 U.S.C.
6295(hh)(1)(C)(i)) The standby mode test need not be performed to
determine compliance with the current energy conservation standards for
metal halide lamp fixtures because the standards do not account for
standby mode energy consumption.
Today's final rule, which includes provisions for measuring standby
mode, will become effective, in terms of adoption into the Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR), 30 days after the date of publication in the
Federal Register. Manufacturers will be required to use this test
procedure's standby mode provisions to demonstrate compliance with any
future energy conservation standards for metal halide lamp fixtures as
of the effective date of a final rule establishing amended energy
conservation standards for metal halide lamp fixtures that address
standby mode energy consumption. The introductory sentence in section
431.324(c) reads as follows: ``The measurement of standby mode need not
be performed to determine compliance with energy conservation standards
for metal halide lamp fixtures at this time. The above statement will
be removed as part of the rulemaking to amend the energy conservation
standards for metal halide lamp fixtures to account for standby mode
energy consumption, and the following shall apply on the compliance
date for such requirements.'' The quoted language will be removed in
the rulemaking to amend the EISA 2007 energy conservation standards for
metal halide lamp fixtures to address standby mode power consumption. A
statement has also been added at 10 CFR 431.324(c) to clarify that on
or after a date 180 days after the date of publication on this final
rule, any representations pertaining to standby mode energy consumption
must be based upon testing under the relevant provisions of this test
procedure. Although this is a statutory requirement under 42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(2), DOE has concluded that it would be useful to explicitly
state this requirement in DOE's regulations.
III. Discussion
Before addressing specific technical comments on the metal halide
lamp ballast test procedure notice of proposed rulemaking (NOPR), DOE
would first summarize its general approach to this rulemaking and
address one related comment. In the July 10, 2009 NOPR, DOE proposed
that only the active mode and standby mode applied to metal halide lamp
ballasts, and tentatively concluded that off mode is not applicable. 74
FR 33171, 33172-73 (July 10, 2009). For the NOPR, DOE also reviewed
ANSI C82.6-2005 to determine whether any additional elements would be
needed to provide a complete test procedure, and tentatively concluded
that all elements required for conducting efficiency measurements of
metal halide lamp ballasts are present in ANSI C82.6-2005, including
lamp orientation, power supply characteristics, operational test
temperatures, instrumentation requirements, setup connections, and lamp
stabilization. In the NOPR, DOE also discussed the ANSI standards
development process. Id. at 33173. DOE affirms these tentative
conclusions in today's final rule. Accordingly, after carefully
considering and addressing comments on the NOPR, DOE is adopting the
applicable requirements and methods of ANSI C82.6-2005 into the DOE
test procedure for metal halide lamp ballasts. In addition, DOE adopts
a statistically meaningful method for determining sample size as part
of the metal halide lamp ballast test procedure, consistent with the
sampling plans used in other DOE test procedures.
The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) informed
DOE that ANSI C82.6-2005 is in the process of being revised, and
suggested that DOE or its contractors participate in the standards
development process. (NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p. 8)
DOE appreciates this comment and understands the context for NEMA's
suggestion. Although DOE is supportive of the ANSI standard-setting
process and DOE (or its contractor) may consider participation in that
standards process, DOE is unable to use a different version of C82.6-
2005 at this time for two reasons: (1) DOE is directed by the statute
to base its test procedure on the 2005 edition of ANSI C82.6 for
determining the efficiency of metal halide lamp ballasts used in metal
halide lamp fixtures (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18)); and (2) DOE needs to
adopt a test procedure for metal halide lamp ballasts to address the
current, statutorily-prescribed standards for ballasts contained in
metal halide lamp fixtures. DOE further notes that ANSI C82.6-2005 is
still active and is the most current version of this test procedure.
DOE is concerned that postponing this test procedure rulemaking to wait
for the updated version of ANSI C82.6 to be issued could cause a
significant delay in adoption of a test procedure for metal halide lamp
ballasts. If industry does issue an revised version of ANSI C82.6, DOE
may update today's adopted test procedure when it considers amendments
as required by section 323(b)(1)(A) of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A))
A. Definitions
DOE reviewed the relevant portions of EISA 2007 and 10 CFR part 431
for applicable existing definitions for use in developing and applying
the metal halide lamp ballast test procedure. EISA 2007 amends EPCA, in
part, by adding definitions of key terms that are applicable to the
metal halide lamp ballast test procedure, including ``ballast,''
``ballast efficiency,'' ``electronic ballast,'' ``metal halide lamp
ballast,'' ``metal halide lamp,'' ``metal halide lamp fixture,''
``probe-start metal halide lamp ballast,'' and ``pulse-start metal
halide lamp ballast.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291) These definitions were set
forth in the July 10, 2009 NOPR. 74 FR 33171, 33173-74. DOE discusses
the terms ``ballast,'' ``ballast efficiency,'' and ``electronic
ballast'' below, for which it codifies new or revised definitions in
today's final rule. The other terms, including ``metal halide lamp
ballast,'' ``metal halide lamp,'' ``metal halide lamp fixture,''
``probe-start metal halide lamp ballast,'' and ``pulse-start metal
halide lamp ballast'' were previously inserted into the CFR by the
Technical Amendment Final Rule and remain unchanged. 74 FR 12058,
12075-76 (March 23, 2009)).
``Ballast''
EISA 2007 provides a new definition for the term ``ballast'' which
is relevant to metal halide lamp fixtures. This term is defined as
follows: ``a device used with an electric discharge lamp to obtain
necessary circuit conditions (voltage, current, and waveform) for
starting and operating. (42 U.S.C. 6291(58)) This definition was
already adopted into DOE's regulations for both consumer products (10
CFR 430.2) and
[[Page 10953]]
commercial equipment (10 CFR 431.282) in the Technical Amendment Final
Rule. 74 FR 12058, 12064 (March 23, 2009). However, DOE is adopting
this definition into 10 CFR 431.322 without modifications in today's
final rule.
``Ballast Efficiency''
EISA 2007 also provides a definition for the term ``ballast
efficiency'' which is relevant to metal halide lamp fixtures. (42
U.S.C. 6291(59)) This term was adopted by DOE in the Technical
Amendment Final Rule (74 FR 12058, 12075 (March 23, 2009)) as follows:
``in the case of a high-intensity discharge fixture, the efficiency of
a lamp and ballast combination, expressed as a percentage.'' Ballast
efficiency is calculated in accordance with the formula presented with
the definition for the term ``ballast efficiency'' in the Technical
Amendment Final Rule (74 FR 12075, March 23, 2009).
In its comments on the NOPR, NEMA recommended that the frequency
referenced in the definition of ``ballast efficiency'' be increased
from 2 kHz to 2.4 kHz, which includes the 40th order of the total
harmonic for frequencies greater than 60 Hz. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) DOE
considered this comment, and reviewed other related similar test
methods for related lighting products. DOE found that ANSI C82.77-2002,
``American National Standard for Harmonic Emission Limits-Related
Quality Requirements for Lighting Equipment,'' requires harmonic
measurements up to the 40th harmonic. DOE also recognizes that to
increase the frequency and include the 40th harmonic will improve the
accuracy and repeatability of the test method adopted for metal halide
lamp ballasts, thereby resulting in an improvement in the test
procedure overall. For all of these reasons, DOE accepts NEMA's
recommendation to extend ballast efficiency measurement to 2.4 kHz, and
has amended the definition adopted in today's final rule accordingly.
``Electronic Ballast''
EISA 2007 provides a definition for the term ``electronic ballast''
which is relevant to metal halide lamp fixtures. This term is defined
as follows: ``a device that uses semiconductors as the primary means to
control lamp starting and operation.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291(60)) This
definition was already adopted into DOE's regulations for consumer
products (10 CFR 430.2) in the Technical Amendment Final Rule. 74 FR
12058, 12065 (March 23, 2009). However, DOE is adopting this definition
into 10 CFR 431.322 without modification in today's final rule. As
stated in its NOPR, DOE notes that it interprets this definition to
include equipment commonly referred to as ``nonpulse-start electronic
ballasts.'' 74 FR 33171, 33173 (July 10, 2009). DOE notes that this
interpretation is by no means limited to such ballasts, and that other
types of electronic ballasts such as ``pulse-start electronic
ballasts'' would fall under this statutory definition.
``Basic Model''
In addition to the terms discussed above, in today's final rule,
DOE is amending 10 CFR 431.322, ``Definitions concerning metal halide
lamp ballasts and fixtures,'' by adding a definition for ``basic
model'' as it relates to metal halide lamp ballasts. DOE is also
inserting definitions for terms associated with the measurement of
standby mode power consumption for metal halide lamp ballasts. These
terms are ``active mode,'' ``standby mode,'' ``off mode,''
``alternating current (AC) control signal,'' ``direct current (DC)
control signal,'' ``power line carrier (PLC) control signal,'' and
``wireless control signal.'' It should be noted that the statute
provides definitions for three modes of energy consumption (i.e.,
active, standby, and off modes) that are applicable to a broad set of
consumer products and commercial equipment, including metal halide lamp
ballasts. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)) DOE adopts definitions for the
terms ``active mode,'' ``standby mode,'' and ``off mode'' in today's
final rule.
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a definition for a metal halide lamp
ballast ``basic model'' at 10 CFR 431.322 based on the existing ``basic
model'' definition for a fluorescent lamp ballast at 10 CFR 430.2. 74
FR 33171, 33174 (July 10, 2009). The proposed definition of the term
``basic model'' reads as follows: ``with respect to metal halide [lamp]
ballasts, as all units of a given type of metal halide [lamp] ballast
(or class thereof) that: (1) Are rated to operate a given lamp type and
wattage; (2) Have essentially identical electrical characteristics; and
(3) Have no differing electrical, physical, or functional
characteristics that affect energy consumption.'' Id. at 33184. DOE did
not receive any comments on this proposed definition, and, therefore,
is adopting it in today's final rule without substantive modification.
``Active Mode''
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt the statutory definition for
``active mode'' as it applies to metal halide lamp ballasts. EPCA
defines ``active mode'' as ``the condition in which an energy-using
product--(I) is connected to a main power source; (II) has been
activated; and (III) provides 1 or more main functions.'' (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(i)) In the NOPR, DOE stated that the main function of
the metal halide lamp ballast is to operate one or more metal halide
lamps (i.e., starting the lamp and regulating the current, voltage, or
power of the lamp). DOE also stated that there are many different types
of ballasts that could be considered ``metal halide lamp ballasts,''
but the main function common to all of them is that they are designed
to operate metal halide lamps. DOE did not discriminate between non-
dimmable \3\ and dimmable \4\ ballasts when considering active mode;
rather, DOE interprets active mode as being applicable to any amount of
rated system light output (i.e., greater than zero percent of the rated
system light output). 74 FR 33171, 33174 (July 10, 2009). DOE received
a comment from NEMA on this initial interpretation. NEMA requested that
the term ``active mode'' be defined as operation of a metal halide lamp
ballast at 100 percent of rated power. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) DOE
considered this comment, but is unable to adopt NEMA's proposed
revision to the definition of ``active mode.'' DOE's view that active
mode applies to a functioning ballast operating with any amount of
rated system light output (i.e., greater than zero percent) has not
changed (however, see the ``fault load'' discussion immediately below),
and no new information has been introduced by the commenter that would
cause DOE to adopt the commenter's suggested interpretation of ``active
mode.'' If a ballast is dimming (operating the light source greater
than zero percent, but less than 100 percent) the lamp and the ballast
are both still in active mode.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ Non-dimmable ballasts would operate the lamp or lamps in
active mode at 100 percent of the rated system light output.
\4\ Dimmable ballasts may vary the system light output from 100
percent to some lower level of light output, either in steps or
continuously.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Although DOE did not address this condition in the NOPR, DOE wishes
to clarify that a ballast connected to a fault load (i.e., a lamp that
is no longer working) is considered by DOE to be in active mode. In
this mode, the ballast meets all three criteria for active mode
function. The ballast is: (1) Connected to a main power source; (2)
activated; and (3) providing its main function, which is to apply a
voltage across the sockets in an attempt to start and operate a lamp.
Therefore, active mode for metal halide lamp ballasts is considered to
be the condition in which the ballast provides either: (1) A regulated
current
[[Page 10954]]
to a properly-installed functional lamp; or (2) a voltage to the
sockets to start and operate a lamp if a functional lamp were properly
installed. DOE no longer believes that a ballast is in active mode only
when the light output is any percentage greater than zero of the rated
system light output because such a definition presupposes that a
functional lamp is properly installed. Although, DOE is changing its
interpretation of active mode, DOE's interpretation of standby mode and
off mode remain the same as in the January 2009 NOPR. 74 FR 33171,
33174-75 (July 10, 2009). Furthermore, the interpretation of active
mode in this final rule is consistent with other DOE interpretations
for similar types of equipment and products (i.e., ballasts). DOE had
this same interpretation in the fluorescent lamp ballast standby test
procedure 74 FR 54445, 54447 (Oct. 22, 2009).
``Standby Mode''
``Standby mode'' is defined under EPCA as ``the condition in which
an energy-using product--(I) is connected to a main power source; and
(II) offers 1 or more of the following user-oriented or protective
functions: (aa) To facilitate the activation or deactivation of other
functions (including active mode) by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer. (bb) Continuous functions,
including information or status displays (including clocks) or sensor-
based functions.'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)) As discussed below,
two key aspects of this definition relate to metal halide lamp
ballasts: (1) Connected to a main power source; and (2) offering the
activation or deactivation of other functions by remote switch or
internal sensor.
The definition of ``standby mode'' in part requires that ballasts
be connected to their main power source. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)(I)) This ``connected'' requirement effectively
precludes the majority of ballasts from having standby mode energy
consumption, because most ballasts are operated with on-off switches,
circuit breakers, or other relays that disconnect the ballast from the
main power source. Although further consideration of such ballasts is
unnecessary because their operational design falls outside the
statutory definition of ``standby mode,'' DOE would characterize their
operation in such situations as follows: Once the ballast is
disconnected from the main power source, the ballast ceases to operate
the lamp, and the ballast consumes no energy. The vast majority of
metal halide lamp ballasts do not consume power when they are switched
off. Based on the statutory definition of ``standby mode,'' ballasts
controlled by disconnecting the ballast from the main power source do
not operate in standby mode.
The ``standby mode'' definition further states that it applies to
energy-using products that facilitate the activation or deactivation of
other functions by remote switch, internal sensor, or timer. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)(II)(aa)) DOE interprets this condition as applying
to ballasts that are designed to operate in or function as a lighting
control system where auxiliary control devices send signals. An example
of this type of ballast would be one that incorporates a digital
addressable lighting interface (DALI) capability. Regardless of
dimming, these ballasts incorporate an electronic circuit that enables
the ballast to communicate with, and receive orders from, the DALI
system. These instructions could tell the ballast to go into active
mode or to adjust the light output to zero percent output. In this
latter condition, the ballast no longer provides current to the metal
halide lamp (i.e., no longer in active mode). Thus, at zero light
output, the ballast is standing by, connected to a main power source
while it awaits instructions from the lighting control system to
initiate an arc so the metal halide lamp can produce light again.
Another example would be a metal halide lamp ballast that incorporates
a lighting control circuit connected to a photosensor. This ballast and
sensor function as a miniature lighting controls system, where the
sensor provides input to the ballast control circuit, which determines
whether the lamp should be operational. When the lamp is not
operational (i.e., when the photosensor indicates that it is bright
outside), the ballast will consume power to enable the photosensor
circuit to monitor the ambient conditions. When the circuit determines
that the ambient conditions are sufficiently dark to start the lamp, it
will instruct the ballast to initiate an arc in the lamp.
In its comments on the NOPR, NEMA accepted DOE's interpretation and
application of standby mode to metal halide lamp ballasts that
incorporate a circuit to enable the ballast to communicate with
lighting control systems. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) However, NEMA
requested that the term ``standby mode'' be further defined to clarify
that a stand-alone magnetic metal halide lamp ballast that does not
incorporate any auxiliary electronic control devices be exempt from any
energy consumption measurements in standby mode. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4)
DOE considered this comment, but has not made any change to the
definition of ``standby mode'' for two principal reasons. First, as DOE
stated in the NOPR and again reiterates in this final rule, it is
interpreting standby mode as only being applicable to ballasts that
connect to lighting control systems via circuits that allow for
communication with the control system. This interpretation is valid,
regardless of the type of ballast (e.g., magnetic, electronic). If the
magnetic ballast does not have the circuit (in this case, an auxiliary
electronic control device), then the ballast would not be considered
capable of operating in standby mode. Second, DOE does not understand
why one type of ballast should be singled out in the definition of the
term ``standby mode,'' to the exclusion of others, in order to
establish that ballast type as exempt. Inserting language like this
into the definition could be interpreted as providing uneven treatment
of the various types of ballasts with respect to the definition of
``standby mode.'' Given that there are other types of metal halide lamp
ballasts in addition to the magnetic type, this explicit mention might
confuse interested parties as to the applicability of standby mode for
metal halide lamp ballasts overall.
``Off Mode''
As DOE discussed in the NOPR, ``off mode'' is defined by EPCA as
``the condition in which an energy-using product--(I) is connected to a
main power source; and (II) is not providing any standby or active mode
function.'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) In the NOPR, DOE considered
this definition in the context of metal halide lamp ballasts and stated
that it believes that off mode does not apply to any metal halide lamp
ballast, dimmable or non-dimmable, because off mode describes a
condition that commercially-available ballasts do not attain. 74 FR
33171, 33174-75 (July 10, 2009). The definition of ``off mode''
requires that ballasts be connected to a main power source and not
provide any standby mode or active mode function. (42 U.S.C.
6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) It is not possible for ballasts to meet these
criteria, because there is no condition in which the ballast is
connected to the main power source and is not in a mode already
accounted for in either active mode or standby mode (as defined
previously). Thus, ballasts never meet the second requirement of the
EPCA definition of ``off mode.'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)(II))
NEMA commented that they accept the DOE approach for assessing metal
halide lamp ballast operation in active mode and standby
[[Page 10955]]
mode. NEMA also agreed that ``off mode'' does not apply to metal halide
lamp ballasts and should not be included as part of the proposed test
procedure. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) Therefore, for the reasons above,
DOE's interpretation of ``off mode'' remains the same as in the NOPR,
namely, DOE has concluded that off mode is not applicable to metal
halide lamp ballasts. 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). Should
circumstances change, DOE may revisit this interpretation and propose a
test method in a future rulemaking for measuring off mode in metal
halide lamp ballasts.
``AC Control Signal''
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a definition for the term ``AC control
signal.'' 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). In its study of the
market, DOE found that some lighting control systems operate by
communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) lamp ballasts
over a separate wiring system using AC voltage. DOE was unable to
locate a definition for ``AC control signal'' in International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 62301 or ANSI C82.6-2005. Therefore,
DOE proposed a definition for an ``AC control signal'' in its NOPR to
enhance the clarity and understanding of its test procedure. 74 FR
33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA commented that they accepted the
proposed definition by DOE for ``AC control signal.'' (NEMA, No. 21 at
p.4) Given the absence of negative comment, DOE is adopting a
definition for ``AC control signal'' as follows: ``an alternating
current (AC) signal that is supplied to the ballast using additional
wiring for the purpose of controlling the ballast and putting the
ballast in standby mode.''
``DC Control Signal''
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a definition for the term ``DC control
signal.'' 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). In its study of the
market, DOE found that some lighting control systems operate by
communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) the lamp
ballasts over a separate wiring system using DC voltage. DOE was unable
to locate a definition for ``DC control signal'' in IEC 62301 or ANSI
C82.6-2005. Therefore, DOE proposed a definition for a ``DC control
signal'' in its NOPR to enhance the clarity and understanding of its
test procedure. 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA commented that
it accepted DOE's proposed definition for ``DC control signal.'' (NEMA,
No. 21 at p.4) DOE received no dissenting comments to its proposed
definition, and, therefore, is adopting the following definition for
``DC control signal'' as ``a direct current (DC) signal that is
supplied to the ballast using additional wiring for the purpose of
controlling the ballast and putting the ballast in standby mode.''
``Power Line Carrier (PLC) Control Signal''
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a definition for the term ``power line
carrier (PLC) control signal.'' 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). In
its study of the market, DOE found that some lighting control systems
operate by communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) the
lamp ballasts over the existing power lines that provide the main power
connection to the ballast. DOE was unable to locate a definition for
``PLC control signal'' in IEC 62301 or ANSI C82.6-2005. Therefore, DOE
proposed a definition for a ``PLC control signal'' in its NOPR to
enhance the clarity and understanding of its test procedure. 74 FR
33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). NEMA commented that it accepted DOE's
proposed definition for ``PLC control signal.'' (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4)
DOE received no dissenting comments to its proposed definition, and,
therefore, is adopting the following definition for ``PLC control
signal'' as ``a power line carrier (PLC) signal that is supplied to the
ballast using the input ballast wiring for the purpose of controlling
the ballast and putting the ballast in standby mode.''
``Wireless Control Signal''
In the NOPR, DOE proposed a definition for the term ``wireless
control signal.'' 74 FR 33171, 33175 (July 10, 2009). In its study of
the market, DOE found that some lighting control systems operate by
communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) the lamp
ballasts over a wireless system, much like a wireless computer network.
DOE was unable to locate a definition for a ``wireless control signal''
in IEC 62301 or ANSI C82.6-2005. Therefore, DOE proposed a definition
for a ``wireless control signal'' in the July 2009 NOPR to enhance the
clarity and understanding of its test procedure. 74 FR 33171, 33175
(July 10, 2009). NEMA commented that it accepted DOE's proposed
definition for ``wireless control signal.'' (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 4) DOE
received no dissenting comments to its proposed definition, and,
therefore, is adopting the following definition for ``wireless control
signal'' as ``a wireless signal that is radiated to and received by the
ballast for the purpose of controlling the ballast and putting the
ballast in standby mode.'' In today's final rule, DOE is not requiring
measurement of the power consumed by the ballast through the wireless
control signal, because the quantity of power contained in the signal
is extremely small (on the order of milliwatts), would be difficult to
measure, and is unlikely to appreciably affect ballast power
consumption.
B. Test Method for Measuring Energy Efficiency of Metal Halide Lamp
Ballasts
1. Test Setup and Conditions
a. Lamp Orientation
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to require that lamp orientation for
testing be as specified in section 4.3 of ANSI C82.6-2005, which
requires vertical, base-up orientation, unless the manufacturer
specifies another orientation for that ballast and associated lamp
combination. 74 FR 33171, 33176 (July 10, 2009). DOE proposed the base-
up orientation, unless the manufacturer specifies another orientation
approach for two reasons: (1) Vertical, base-up lamp orientation is the
most common in the industry; and (2) the natural stability of the
vertical operating position would produce the most repeatable and
accurate testing results. PG&E commented during the public meeting that
in response to efforts to advocate for improved efficiency for
horizontal-burned lamps in California, the industry argued that
horizontally-oriented lamps are significantly different products than
vertically-oriented products and, thus, need to be treated differently.
PG&E raised concerns about measuring the ballast efficiency of ballasts
operating horizontally-oriented lamps as compared to more common
vertically-oriented lamps. (PG&E, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11, at
p. 11) NEMA also commented on lamp orientation during the public
meeting, stating that a uniform test set-up is important. However, NEMA
argued that; the ballast is the key to measuring ballast efficiency,
not lamp orientation. (NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p.
12)
NEMA agreed with using section 4.3 of ANSI C82.6-2005 that
specifies vertical, base-up orientation unless specifically designed
for another position. (NEMA, No. 21at p. 3) PG&E was supportive after
learning that the default lamp orientation is vertical but if the lamp
is designed to be operated in a non-vertical position, it shall be
tested in this orientation. (NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at
p. 12) With the support of comments from these two interested parties,
DOE
[[Page 10956]]
maintains that operating the lamp in a vertical, base-up orientation is
the most stable in terms of operation of the lamp, and that the lamp
operation directly corresponds to the power input of the lamp (power
output of the ballast). Therefore, operating the lamp in the most
stable orientation is essential for repeatable and reliable measurement
of metal halide lamp ballast efficiency. DOE adopts the requirement
that ballast efficiency tests be conducted with metal halide lamps in a
vertical, base-up orientation unless the manufacturer specifies another
orientation for that ballast and associated lamp combination.
b. Power Supply, Ambient Test Temperatures, and Instrumentation
In the NOPR, DOE proposed that power supply characteristics,
ambient test temperatures, and instrumentation requirements would all
be as specified in section 4.0 of ANSI C82.6-2005. 74 FR 33171, 33176
(July 10, 2009). DOE recognizes that specification of objective test
setup characteristics is an important consideration in terms of
producing reliable, repeatable, and consistent test results. These
aspects of DOE's NOPR and interested party response to them are
discussed below.
Section 4.1 of ANSI C82.6-2005 requires that the root mean square
(RMS) summation of harmonic components in the power supply be no more
than 3 percent of the fundamental voltage and frequency components.
Section 4.1 also requires that: (1) The impedance of the power source
be no more than 3 percent of the specified ballast impedance; and (2)
power supply devices used in the test circuits have a power rating at
least five times the wattage of the lamp intended to operate on the
ballast under test. These requirements provide reasonable stringency in
terms of power quality because they are consistent with other
comprehensive industry standards that regulate harmonic content and
power supply impedance (e.g., ANSI C78.389-2004). Furthermore, these
requirements would be readily achievable and would likely ensure
repeatable and consistent measurements. During the December 2008 public
meeting, NEMA commented that the requirement for impedance to the power
source proposed by the test procedure of no more than 3 percent was too
high. (NEMA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 11 at p. 12) However, NEMA
did not provide any rationale to explain its opinion, nor did it
provide any supporting data. No additional information was received on
this topic during the comment period. Therefore, DOE has not changed
its position with respect to the impedance of the power source.
Consequently, DOE is adopting the requirement as proposed in the NOPR.
Section 4.2 in ANSI C82.6-2005 requires maintenance of an ambient
temperature of 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C to reduce potential
ballast operating variances caused by large shifts in ambient
temperature. Although ambient temperature is not considered critical to
metal halide lamp operation and light output, it can affect lamp and
ballast system electrical performance. Therefore, temperatures must be
controlled for ballast efficiency testing to ensure repeatability and
consistency of test results. In the NOPR, DOE also proposed to require
that testing be performed in a draft-free environment. 74 FR 33171,
33176 (July 10, 2009). DOE's proposed requirement acknowledged common
industry practices whereby airflow is minimized near photometric
testing equipment (e.g., through vent and air return locations,
baffling of vents, and/or control of blower speed) in order to minimize
forced convection cooling that could affect measured photometric and
electrical data. NEMA noted that some movement of air is needed to
prevent thermal stratification near the testing equipment, but
acknowledged that airflow should be minimized. (NEMA, Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 11 at p. 14) In response to DOE's proposal, NEMA stated
that because current industry standards specify no requirement for
draft-free conditions, DOE needs to provide a suitable reference on the
conditions of a draft-free environment. NEMA commented further that if
no definition is available, then the thermal test methods of C82.6-2005
should be strictly applied, and this reference to a draft-free
environment should be removed from the document. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 1)
DOE considered these comments and again reviewed the technical
literature on this topic, finding that:
1. Section 4.2, Ballast Conditions, of ANSI C82.6-2005 states,
``For normal operational tests, the ambient temperature and the
temperature of the ballast under test shall be 25 [deg]C 5
[deg]C.'' DOE acknowledges that ANSI C82.6-2005 sets the temperature
requirement, but not the air movement requirement. However, ANSI C82.6-
2005 lists 12 references in section 2.0 Normative References that, by
their inclusion, are considered indispensable for application of the
ANSI standard. DOE reviewed all of the normative references contained
in ANSI C82.6-2005 and identified the references that are applicable to
metal halide ballasts and lamps, as listed below by ANSI citation and
not chronologically by date of publication.
a. ANSI C78.43-2004, ``Single-Ended Metal-Halide Lamps,'' is
applicable to this test procedure since it relates to metal halide
lamps. Section 5.6.2, Warm-up Time, states, ``A bare lamp operating in
still air at an ambient temperature 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C (77
[deg]C 9 [deg]C) under the conditions described in ANSI
C78.389 shall reach the minimum voltage within the time period
specified on the relevant data sheet.'' Other temperature and air
conditions are considered in section 6.7, Lamp Operating Wattage, which
states ``The operating wattage of a bare lamp, measured in its
designated operating position on a ballast throughout its range of
rated supply voltages in a still air ambient temperature of 25 [deg]C
5 [deg]C (77 [deg]C 9 [deg]C), shall remain
within the wattage limits of the relevant lamp data sheet. Lamps shall
operate within these limits throughout the full range of lamp voltage
tolerance.'' (It is noted that in 2007, ANSI C78.43 was updated;
however, the temperature and airflow provisions at issue here did not
change in ANSI C78.43-2007.)
b. ANSI C78.389-2004, ``High-Intensity Discharge--Methods of
Measuring Characteristics,'' section 3.3, Ambient Condition, states,
``The ambient [condition] in which the lamp is operated shall be
maintained at 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C and shall be draft-free.''
c. ANSI C82.4-2002, ``Ballasts for High-Intensity Discharge and Low
Pressure Sodium Lamps,'' does not include any information regarding
airflow.
d. ANSI C82.9-1996, ``Definitions for High-Intensity Discharge and
Low Pressure Sodium Lamps, Ballasts, and Transformer,'' does not
mention and, therefore, does not define ``still air'' or ``draft
free.''
2. Section 4.2, Test Room, of IEC 62301 states that, ``The tests
shall be carried out in a room that has an air speed close to the
appliance under test of <= 0.5 m/s. The ambient temperature shall be
maintained at (235) [deg]C throughout the test. Note: The
measured power for some products and modes may be affected by the
ambient conditions (e.g., illuminance, temperature).''
3. DOE examined different Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America's (IESNA) Lighting Measurement (LM) documents that focus on
photometric and electrical measurements of either HID lamps or HID
luminaires. DOE's review of applicable IESNA documents is listed
[[Page 10957]]
below by LM citation and not chronologically by date of publication.
a. IESNA LM-31-95, ``Photometric Testing of Roadway Luminaires
Using Incandescent Filament and High Intensity Discharge Lamps,''
states in section 4.1.3, Special Photometer Calibration, ``Calibration
of HID lamps shall be performed in relatively draft free air at ambient
temperature of 25 [deg]C (77 [deg]F) 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F).''
b. IESNA LM-35-02, ``IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing
of Floodlights Using High Intensity Discharge or Incandescent Filament
Lamps,'' states in section 3.2, Ambient Temperatures, ``The ambient
temperature of the photometric laboratory shall be maintained at 25
[deg]C 5 [deg]C (77 [deg]F 9 [deg]F).'' There
is no mention of airflow in LM-35-02.
c. IESNA LM-46-04, ``IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing
of Indoor Luminaires Using High Intensity Discharge or Incandescent
Filament Lamps,'' states in section 4.2, Ambient Temperature, ``For
precise measurement of photometric and electric characteristics of
luminaires with HID and incandescent lamps, the ambient temperature
should be maintained at 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C (77 [deg]F
9 [deg]F). This temperature shall be measured at a point
not more than 1.5 meters (5 feet) from the lamp or luminaire and at the
same height as the lamp or luminaire. The temperature-sensing device
shall be shielded from direct radiation of the light source.'' LM-46-04
also includes requirements about air movement. Section 4.3, Air
Movement, states, ``The luminaire (or test lamp during calibration)
shall be tested in relatively still air. A maximum airflow of 0.08
meters/second (15 ft./minute) is suggested.''
d. IESNA LM-47-01, ``IESNA Approved Method for Life Testing of High
Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps,'' states in section 2.3 Temperature,
``Ambient temperature should be controlled within the limits set by the
lamp manufacturer and ballast manufacturer. When the recommended
testing temperature range is exceeded, life testing should be
suspended.'' LM-47-01 also includes information about airflow. Section
2.4, Airflow, states, ``Airflow does not normally impact the
performance of HID lamps. However, special test conditions such as
unjacketed lamps operating in open areas may require consideration of
this effect.''
e. IESNA LM-51-00, ``IESNA Approved Method for the Electrical and
Photometric Measurements of High Intensity Discharge Lamps,'' states in
section 2.3, Air Movement, ``No special precautions against normal room
air movements are necessary.''
f. IESNA LM-73-04, ``IESNA Guide for Photometric Testing of
Entertainment Lighting Luminaires Using Incandescent Filament Lamps or
High Intensity Discharge Lamps,'' states in section 2.2, Ambient
Temperatures, ``The ambient temperature of the photometric laboratory
shall be maintained at 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C (77 [deg]F 9 [deg]F).'' There is no mention of airflow in LM-73-04.
DOE did not receive any negative comments regarding its proposed
ambient temperature requirement. Although the ambient temperature
requirements differ in IEC 62301 compared to ANSI C82.6 by 2 [deg]C,
DOE is adopting the proposed temperature requirements in the NOPR. DOE
believes that its ambient temperature requirement is largely consistent
with the IEC standard, and furthermore, 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C
is the standard temperature for lighting measurements for a variety of
light sources including HID, fluorescent, and light-emitting diodes.
In summary, DOE found that airflow requirements vary across the
technical literature. IEC 62301 sets an airflow of <= 0.5 m/s
regardless of the technology. Neither ANSI C82.6-2005 nor the normative
references listed in ANSI C82.6-2005 define either of the terms ``draft
free'' or ``still air.'' IESNA LM-51-00, published in 2000,
specifically states that no precautions for air movement are necessary.
ANSI C78.389, published in 2004, requires ``draft-free,'' yet it does
not define the term. LM-46-04, published in 2004, uses the term
``relatively still air'' and provides the quantitative metric of ``0.08
meters/second (15 ft./minute).'' DOE continues to believe that it is
important to specify a maximum airflow requirement as part of the test
conditions, as an acknowledgement of industry practices intended to
minimize forced convection cooling that could affect measured
photometric and electrical data. NEMA agreed that airflow should be
minimized when conducting testing under the test procedure. Although
DOE found conflicting information regarding airflow in the context of
testing HID lamps and luminaires, DOE has decided to adopt the airflow
metric from IEC 62301 (i.e., the airflow shall be <= 0.5 m/s) in
today's final rule. DOE believes not only that this airflow value will
achieve its intended purpose, but also that it is consistent with IEC
62301 (the standard which DOE was directed to consider when developing
this test procedure) and is in the range of differing airflow values
and definitions DOE observed in its review of ANSI standards and IESNA
test methods relevant to this type of equipment.
Section 4.2, Ballast Conditions, of ANSI C82.6-2005 requires
maintenance of ambient temperature but does not discuss ballast
equilibrium. In the NOPR, DOE did not propose to require operation of
the ballast until it reached equilibrium. However, NEMA commented that
in a proposed revision to sections 4.2 and 4.4 of ANSI C82.6, the
ballast would be required to reach equilibrium. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 1)
In response, DOE has considered this issue and concluded that operating
the ballast until it reaches equilibrium will produce more reliable
results. Therefore, in the final rule, DOE is adopting the language
consistent with the following language supplied by NEMA: ``The ballast
should be operated until it reaches equilibrium.'' (NEMA, No. 21 at p.
2)
In the NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt the instrumentation requirements
prescribed in sections 4.5.1 and 4.5.3 of ANSI C82.6-2005 in order to
ensure repeatability and consistency of test measurements. The ANSI
requirements for digital voltmeters, ammeters, and wattmeters include a
resolution of three and one-half digits and minimum basic
instrumentation accuracy of 0.50 percent (i.e., one-half of 1 percent)
of the reading from actual with true RMS capability. For analog
instruments, the ANSI standard specifies that analog ammeters and
voltmeters must have accuracies of 0.50 percent up to 800
Hertz (Hz), and that analog wattmeters must have accuracies of 0.75 percent up to 1000 Hz for power factors of 50 percent to
100 percent and 0.50 percent up to 125 Hz for ballasts
with power factors between 0 and 20 percent. In the NOPR, to ensure a
full range of coverage, DOE proposed to require all analog wattmeters
used on ballasts with power factors less than 50 percent to same
accuracy as those for ballasts with power factors less than 20 percent
(i.e., 0.50 percent up to 125 Hz). 74 FR 33171, 33176
(July 10, 2009).
NEMA agreed in general with the proposed instrumentation and
requirements; however, the commenter argued that the DOE test procedure
should only permit the use of digital instruments, because digital
equipment offers improved repeatability and accuracy of measurement.
(NEMA, No. 21 at p. 2) PG&E commented during the public meeting that
ANSI allows both digital and analog instrumentation, but finds that
digital instruments are the standard industry instrumentation and that
analog instruments with low impedance and high accuracy are not common.
(PG&E, Public Meeting
[[Page 10958]]
Transcript, No. 11, at pp. 19-20) No comments were received
specifically addressing the instrument accuracies for any ballasts with
power factors between 20 and 50 percent.
DOE agrees that digital equipment offers improved repeatability and
accuracy of measurement over analog equipment. However, DOE is
concerned about the burden on manufacturers of requiring the use of
only digital meters. Furthermore, DOE believes that although the
digital meters do provide inherent benefits, analog meters are still
able to provide sufficient accuracy and precision when used under the
DOE the test procedure. Therefore, this final rule does not require use
of measurement equipment that is limited to digital meters exclusively.
Instead, the test procedure adopted today allows the flexibility of
allowing interested parties to test using either a digital or an analog
meter, as long as the device meets the precision requirements of this
test procedure. Furthermore, in light of the absence of adverse
comment, DOE is adopting the proposed instrument accuracies for
ballasts with power factors between 20 percent and 50 percent in this
final rule.
Finally, section 4.5.1 instructs that only one analog instrument
may be connected to the test circuit at one time to reduce impedance
effects on the testing. As set forth in ANSI C82.6-2005, all these
instrumentation requirements would facilitate repeatable and consistent
testing and measurement. NEMA agreed with the proposed test connection
requirements. (NEMA, No. 21 at p. 2) Since DOE did not receive any
other comments on this issue and the only comment received agreed with
the connection procedure proposed in the July 2009 NOPR, DOE is
adopting the proposed connection requirements in this final rule.
c. Lamp Stabilization
A 100-hour seasoning period is commonly used by manufacturers of
high-intensity discharge lamp technologies to ensure that the initial,
more-rapid depreciation in output caused by impurities has been
surpassed.\5\ In the NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt the section 4.4 of
ANSI C82.6-2005, which requires a 100-hour seasoning period (74 FR
33171, 33177 (July 10, 2009)), and requested comments on whether a
preferred alternative lamp seasoning lamp stabilization approach exists
within the industry. Id. NEMA commented on lamp and ballast equilibrium
and stabilization, but did not provide any comments specifically
addressing lamp seasoning. Because DOE did not receive any comments to
the contrary and because a 100-hour seasoning period is the industry
standard, DOE is adopting this requirement in today's final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ IESNA LM-54-99, ``Lamp Seasoning,'' is the lighting
measurement (LM) document to which the industry refers for seasoning
requirements for lamp and ballast photometric and electrical
testing. Available at: https://www.ies.org/shop/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the NOPR, DOE evaluated the requirements of the basic
stabilization method prescribed in section 4.4.2 of ANSI C82.6-2005.
Id. NEMA commented on basic stabilization and recommended that DOE
adopt the revised ANSI C82.6 text regarding basic stabilization. (NEMA,
No. 21 at p. 1) In order to re