Identifying Labels for Drywall Under Section 14(c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act; Notice of Inquiry; Request for Comments and Information, 66622-66624 [E9-29946]
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66622
Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 240 / Wednesday, December 16, 2009 / Notices
In accordance with the Board’s
regulations, Pierre Duy of the FTZ Staff
is designated examiner to evaluate and
analyze the facts and information
presented in the application and case
record and to report findings and
recommendations to the Board.
Public comment is invited from
interested parties. Submissions (original
and 3 copies) shall be addressed to the
Board’s Executive Secretary at the
following address: Office of the
Executive Secretary, Room 2111, U.S.
Department of Commerce, 1401
Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington,
DC 20230–0002. The closing period for
receipt of comments is February 16,
2010. Rebuttal comments in response to
material submitted during the foregoing
period may be submitted during the
subsequent 15-day period to March 1,
2010.
A copy of the application will be
available for public inspection at the
Office of the Foreign–Trade Zones
Board’s Executive Secretary at the
address listed above and in the
‘‘Reading Room’’ section of the Board’s
website, which is accessible via
www.trade.gov/ftz. For further
information, contact Pierre Duy at
Pierre.Duy@trade.gov or (202) 482–
1378.
Dated: December 3, 2009.
Andrew McGilvray,
Executive Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9–29906 Filed 12–15–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510–DS–S
CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY
COMMISSION
Identifying Labels for Drywall Under
Section 14(c) of the Consumer Product
Safety Act; Notice of Inquiry; Request
for Comments and Information
srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
AGENCY: Consumer Product Safety
Commission.
ACTION: Notice of inquiry.
SUMMARY: Section 14(c) of the Consumer
Product Safety Act authorizes the
Consumer Product Safety Commission
(‘‘Commission’’ or ‘‘CPSC’’) to require,
through rulemaking, labels for a
consumer product that would identify
the date and place of manufacture of the
product, cohort information (batch, run
number, or other identifying
characteristic), and the manufacturer of
the product. 15 U.S.C. 2063(c). This
notice requests comments and
information about such a rulemaking
with regard to drywall.
DATES: Written comments must be
received by February 16, 2010.
VerDate Nov<24>2008
16:18 Dec 15, 2009
Jkt 220001
You may submit comments,
identified by Docket No. CPSC–2009–
0105, by any of the following methods:
ADDRESSES:
Electronic Submissions
Submit electronic comments in the
following way:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://
www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting
comments.
To ensure timely processing of
comments, the Commission is no longer
accepting comments submitted by
electronic mail (e-mail) except through
www.regulations.gov.
Written Submissions
Submit written submissions in the
following way:
Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for
paper, disk, or CD–ROM submissions),
preferably in five copies, to: Office of
the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety
Commission, Room 502, 4330 East West
Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814;
telephone (301) 504–7923.
Instructions: All submissions received
must include the agency name and
docket number for this rulemaking. All
comments received may be posted
without change, including any personal
identifiers, contact information, or other
personal information provided, to
https://www.regulations.gov. Do not
submit confidential business
information, trade secret information, or
other sensitive or protected information
electronically. Such information should
be submitted in writing.
Docket: For access to the docket to
read background documents or
comments received, go to https://
www.regulations.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Dean W. Woodard, Director, Defect
Investigations Division, Office of
Compliance and Field Operations, U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission,
4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD
20814; telephone (301) 504–7651;
dwoodard@cpsc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Background
Since December of 2008, the
Commission has been receiving reports
of various problems related to drywall
primarily imported from the People’s
Republic of China. The first reports
came primarily from Florida and were
related to the building boom and posthurricane construction. As reports
continued to come in, it became
apparent that the drywall issue was
more widespread. Currently, CPSC has
received over 2000 incident reports
from 32 States, the District of Columbia
PO 00000
Frm 00009
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
and Puerto Rico. The Commission has
expanded its investigation to include
both imported and domestically
manufactured drywall.
Problems described in these reports
include odor, health effects and
corrosion effects on certain metal
components in the home. The most
frequently reported health symptoms
are irritated and itchy eyes and skin,
difficulty in breathing, persistent cough,
bloody noses, recurrent headaches,
sinus infection, and asthma attacks.
Many reports indicate that the
symptoms lessen when the consumer is
away from home. As for corrosionrelated effects, consumers have reported
blackened and corroded metals and
electrical wiring in their homes and
failures of such equipment as evaporator
coils of central air conditioners. There
have also been reports of failures of
appliances such as refrigerators and
dishwashers, and of electronic devices
such as televisions and video game
systems.
CPSC is investigating the health
effects and the potential electrical and
fire safety issues stemming from the
corrosion of metal equipment and
components. CPSC is working with a
number of state and federal partners in
this investigation including the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban
Development, Centers for Disease
Control, Agency for Toxic Substance
and Disease Registry and several state
departments of health and state
attorneys general. In the course of this
investigation, Commission staff has
visited several U.S. and Chinese drywall
manufacturing facilities and mines.
CPSC staff is analyzing information
received from consumers, builders,
importers, manufacturers and suppliers
of drywall to better determine the scope
of the drywall problem. CPSC and its
state and federal partners are
conducting a number of technical
studies to determine connections
between the emissions from drywall and
the reported health and corrosive
effects.
CPSC’s investigation indicates that it
is often difficult to determine the
manufacturer and origin of drywall in
homes. As further discussed in the next
section, the investigation also indicates
that there can be a good deal of
variability in drywall depending on its
type and origin. Being able to identify
the manufacturer and origin of drywall
could aid in investigating complaints
related to drywall and narrow the scope
of any investigation or necessary
remedial action in the future.
E:\FR\FM\16DEN1.SGM
16DEN1
Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 240 / Wednesday, December 16, 2009 / Notices
srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
B. The Product
Drywall, sometimes also called
gypsum board, plasterboard or
wallboard, is a kraft paper liner
wrapped around a plaster mix
consisting primarily of gypsum. There
are essentially two types of gypsum:
Mined gypsum; and synthetic gypsum.
These two types are sometimes
combined.
Mined gypsum is found in
sedimentary rock formations among
limestone, shale, marl and clay.
Characteristics of the mined gypsum can
vary depending on the geology in the
region where it is mined or quarried.
Nearby sulfur deposits and marine
conditions may affect the quality of the
gypsum.
Synthetic gypsum is an alternative to
natural mined gypsum. It is a byproduct
generated from flue gas desulfurization
(‘‘FGD’’) in fossil-fueled power plants.
There can be variability in gypsum
depending on where it is mined and the
manufacturing process employed.
Gypsum mined in some areas may have
higher levels of sulfur, strontium,
carbonate, or pyrite; some of these
chemicals could affect drywall’s
behavior in homes. Similarly, some flue
gas sources may have higher or lower
concentrations of these and other
compounds.
There are eight domestic drywall
manufacturers in the United States, with
plants spread throughout the country
and North America. Two domestic
manufacturers are ranked among the top
five drywall producers in the global
market. In 2008, the United States
drywall production totaled an estimated
26.4 billion square feet. In 2006, the
total domestic production of 35.0 billion
square feet was not enough to meet
demand that year. As a result, parties
found themselves importing drywall
from China and other countries to meet
construction needs. In 2006,
approximately 218,100 metric tons of
drywall was imported from China.
The drywall manufacturing process is
rather standard throughout the industry.
To make drywall, the raw gypsum
(whether mined, FGD or a combination)
is dehydrated (sometimes called
‘‘calcined’’), typically with natural gas.
A slurry is made consisting of gypsum
and additives such as fiber (typically
paper and/or fiberglass), plasticizer,
foaming agent, potash as an accelerator,
water, ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid
or other chelate as a retarder. The
additives are based on whether the
drywall is to be standard, fire resistant,
or mildew or water resistant. The slurry
is fed between continuous layers of
paper on a board machine. As the board
VerDate Nov<24>2008
16:18 Dec 15, 2009
Jkt 220001
moves down a conveyer line, the
mixture hardens. The paper becomes
bonded to the solid slurry mix. The
board is then cut to requested lengths
and conveyed through dryers to remove
any free moisture. The lengths and
thickness of the board vary depending
on the typical building code or usage
requirements.
At a certain point along the conveyer
line, most domestic manufacturers mark
the board with a stamp which may
include the company name, logo, brand
name, plant location, production date,
and time. However, this practice is not
standard for every drywall manufacturer
in the global marketplace.
C. Need for Better Identification of
Drywall
CPSC’s investigation has shown that
building supply companies often stock
drywall based on purpose, type, length
and thickness, rather than brand name.
Therefore, various drywall brands could
be sold to fill a single construction
project order. Since construction
customers generally do not inventory
drywall based on brand or country of
origin it makes identifying the source/
manufacturer of the drywall difficult
once the product is installed.
In the course of its investigation,
CPSC staff has found that drywall often
lacks any marks on its face or backing
identifying the manufacturer or the
production batch or lot. Identifying
markings on the drywall could help
consumers and investigators to isolate
the source of drywall problems in the
future. Being able to identify the brand
and lot or batch could further narrow
the focus of an investigation to discrete
sets of drywall. The majority of
imported drywall has little or no
markings at all on its face. Most
domestic drywall has markings that
identify the manufacturer. Any
markings that are present on domestic
or imported drywall whether on the
board or tape are inconsistent as to both
content and placement. Most drywall is
sealed on the ends with tape that
displays a brand name or
manufacturer’s name. During the
installation process, however, that tape
is often removed.
D. Statutory Authority
Section 14(c) of the CPSA authorizes
the Commission to issue a rule requiring
labels (and prescribing their form and
content) containing source information,
such as date and place of manufacture
of a consumer product, cohort
information (including batch, run
number or other identifying
characteristic), and identification of the
PO 00000
Frm 00010
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
66623
manufacturer or private labeler. 15
U.S.C. 2063(c).
Section 14(c) allows the Commission,
where practicable, to require that the
identifying labels be permanently
marked or affixed to the product. Id.
Such an identifying permanent mark
would be consistent with section 103 of
the Consumer Product Safety
Improvement Act, entitled ‘‘Tracking
Labels for Children’s Products,’’ which
requires ‘‘permanent distinguishing
marks’’ stating certain identifying
information on children’s products and
their packaging. Section 14(c) of the
CPSA also authorizes the Commission
to permit information about the date
and place of manufacture and cohort
information to be coded. 15 U.S.C.
2063(c).
The Commission is considering a
rulemaking that would require
manufacturers of drywall to label/mark
their products to identify (1) The name
of the manufacturer; (2) the plant name
and location; (3) the source material
(i.e., natural gypsum, synthetic gypsum
or a mixture); (4) a code to identify the
mine or power plant that supplied the
gypsum; (5) the date of manufacture of
the drywall; and (6) the batch or lot
number.
The Commission requests comments
on such a requirement and on the
specific issues mentioned in the
following section. If the Commission
were to initiate such a rulemaking, it
would do so with the issuance of a
notice of proposed rulemaking.
E. Request for Comments
The Commission requests comments
on the possibility of initiating a
rulemaking proceeding to require
identifying labels on drywall.
Specifically, the Commission requests
comments and information on the
following specific issues:
1. What labeling or markings are
companies currently providing on
drywall?
2. What would be the cost impact if
the Commission were to require
identifying labels/markings of the type
discussed in this notice on drywall?
3. What, if any, other identifying
information should be required?
4. Should there be a uniform format
for the labels/markings, and if so, what
should it be?
5. How can CPSC assure that the
identifying label/marking is accessible
after the drywall is installed?
6. What would the impact be on
industry of requiring identifying
information to be printed on both faces
of the drywall in two horizontal ribbons
parallel to the longitudinal axis with a
E:\FR\FM\16DEN1.SGM
16DEN1
66624
Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 240 / Wednesday, December 16, 2009 / Notices
frequency that is a non-integer of 16
inches?
7. If the Commission were to define
‘drywall’ for tracking labels, or other
purposes, what should such a definition
include?
8. With what specificity should
drywall manufacturers identify the ‘date
of manufacture,’ and why?
Dated: December 9, 2009.
Todd Stevenson,
Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety
Commission.
[FR Doc. E9–29946 Filed 12–15–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6355–01–P
CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY
COMMISSION
[CPSC Docket No. 10–C0001]
Excelligence Learning Corporation,
d/b/a Discount School Supply,
Provisional Acceptance of a
Settlement Agreement and Order
Notice.
SUMMARY: It is the policy of the
Commission to publish settlements
which it provisionally accepts under the
Consumer Product Safety Act in the
Federal Register in accordance with the
terms of 16 CFR 1118.20(e). Published
below is a provisionally-accepted
Settlement Agreement with Excelligence
Learning Corporation, d/b/a/Discount
School Supply, containing a civil
penalty of $25,000.00.
DATES: Any interested person may ask
the Commission not to accept this
agreement or otherwise comment on its
contents by filing a written request with
the Office of the Secretary by December
31, 2009.
Persons wishing to
comment on this Settlement Agreement
should send written comments to the
Comment 10–C0001, Office of the
Secretary, Consumer Product Safety
Commission, 4330 East West Highway,
Room 502, Bethesda, Maryland 20814–
4408.
srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
ADDRESSES:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: M.
Reza Malihi, Trial Attorney, Division of
Compliance, Office of the General
Counsel, Consumer Product Safety
Commission, 4330 East West Highway,
Bethesda, Maryland 20814–4408;
telephone (301) 504–7733.
The text of
the Agreement and Order appears
below.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
VerDate Nov<24>2008
16:18 Dec 15, 2009
Jkt 220001
United States of America Consumer
Product Safety Commission
CPSC Docket No. 10–C0001
In the Matter of: Excelligence Learning
Corporation d/b/a Discount School
Supply
Settlement Agreement
1. In accordance with 16 CFR 1118.20,
Excelligence Learning Corporation, d/b/
a Discount School Supply
(‘‘Excelligence’’) and the staff (‘‘Staff’’)
of the United States Consumer Product
Safety Commission (‘‘CPSC’’ or the
‘‘Commission’’) enter into this
Settlement Agreement (‘‘Agreement’’).
The Agreement and the incorporated
attached Order (‘‘Order’’) settle the
Staff’s allegations set forth below.
Parties
AGENCY: Consumer Product Safety
Commission.
ACTION:
Dated: December 10, 2009.
Todd A. Stevenson,
Secretary.
2. The Commission is an independent
federal regulatory agency established
pursuant to, and responsible for the
enforcement of, the Consumer Product
Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2051–2089
(‘‘CPSA’’).
3. Excelligence is a corporation
organized and existing under the laws of
Delaware, with its principal offices
located in Monterey, California. At all
times relevant hereto, Excelligence
imported and/or sold educational toys
and school products.
Staff Allegations
4. Between May 2004 and May 2007,
Excelligence imported into the United
States about 20,000 units of certain
‘‘shaving-style’’ paint brushes, each
about 4-inches long, with handles that
are painted blue, purple, orange, yellow,
lime green, or pink, and the item
number #SHVBRSH printed on the
product’s packaging (‘‘Brush(es)’’). The
Brushes were sold as a set of six
consisting of a variety of the
aforementioned colors, and also sold as
part of the ‘‘BioColor® Foam Paint
Starter Kit’’ and ‘‘Colorations® Foam
Paint Starter Kit.’’ The Brushes were, in
turn, offered for sale or sold to schools,
childcare centers, and other
organizations, and directly to
consumers, via Discount School Supply
catalogs and the company’s Web site, as
follows: Sets were sold from May 2004
through August 2007 for about $5 per
unit; the BioColor® kits were sold from
May 2004 through June 2006 for about
$60 per kit; and the Colorations® kits
were sold from July 2006 through
August 2007 for about $60 per kit.
PO 00000
Frm 00011
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
5. Between August 2000 and August
2007, Excelligence imported into the
United States about 13,000 units of
‘‘Giant Grow’’ measuring charts, each
consisting of a giant yellow ruler-shaped
plastic chart for measuring a child’s
growth with a picture of a bean stalk
painted on it from top to bottom
(‘‘Chart(s)’’). The Charts were, in turn,
offered for sale or sold to schools,
childcare centers, and other
organizations, and directly to
consumers, from August 2000 through
August 2007 for about $10 per unit, via
Discount School Supply catalogs and
the company’s Web site.
6. During June 2007, Excelligence
imported into the United States about
60 units of ‘‘Tic Tac Turtle Toss’’ play
mats, each consisting of a 50-inch vinyl/
polyester play mat that is double-sided,
with a number design on one side and
a turtle design on the other, the
‘‘Discount School Supply’’ name and
logo printed in the corner on both sides,
and numbers and designs painted in
red, blue, green and black over a yellow
background (‘‘Mat(s)’’). The Mats were,
in turn, offered for sale or sold to
schools, childcare centers, and other
organizations, and directly to
consumers, from June 2007 through
September 2007 for about $40 per unit,
via Discount School Supply catalogs
and the company’s Web site.
7. The Brushes, Charts and Mats are
‘‘consumer product(s),’’ and, at all times
relevant hereto, Excelligence was a
‘‘manufacturer’’ and/or a ‘‘retailer’’ of
those consumer product(s), which were
‘‘distributed in commerce,’’ as those
terms are defined in CPSA sections
3(a)(3), (5), (8), (11), and (13), 15 U.S.C.
2052(a)(3), (5), (8), (11), and (13).
8. The Brushes, Charts and Mats are
articles intended to be entrusted to or
for use by children, and, therefore, are
subject to the requirements of the
Commission’s Ban of Lead-Containing
Paint and Certain Consumer Products
Bearing Lead-Containing Paint, 16
C.F.R. Part 1303 (the ‘‘Ban’’). Under the
Ban, toys and other children’s articles
must not bear ‘‘lead-containing paint,’’
defined as paint or other surface coating
materials whose lead content is more
than 0.06 percent of the weight of the
total nonvolatile content of the paint or
the weight of the dried paint film. 16
CFR 1303.2(b)(1)
9. On August 20, 2007, Excelligence
reportedly received ‘‘preliminary’’ test
results from an independent laboratory
indicating the presence of excessive
lead levels in surface coatings of tested
Brush handles. Ten days later, on
August 30, 2007, Excelligence reported
to CPSC that it had commissioned an
independent laboratory to conduct
E:\FR\FM\16DEN1.SGM
16DEN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 240 (Wednesday, December 16, 2009)]
[Notices]
[Pages 66622-66624]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-29946]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION
Identifying Labels for Drywall Under Section 14(c) of the
Consumer Product Safety Act; Notice of Inquiry; Request for Comments
and Information
AGENCY: Consumer Product Safety Commission.
ACTION: Notice of inquiry.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: Section 14(c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act authorizes
the Consumer Product Safety Commission (``Commission'' or ``CPSC'') to
require, through rulemaking, labels for a consumer product that would
identify the date and place of manufacture of the product, cohort
information (batch, run number, or other identifying characteristic),
and the manufacturer of the product. 15 U.S.C. 2063(c). This notice
requests comments and information about such a rulemaking with regard
to drywall.
DATES: Written comments must be received by February 16, 2010.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by Docket No. CPSC-2009-
0105, by any of the following methods:
Electronic Submissions
Submit electronic comments in the following way:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
To ensure timely processing of comments, the Commission is no
longer accepting comments submitted by electronic mail (e-mail) except
through www.regulations.gov.
Written Submissions
Submit written submissions in the following way:
Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for paper, disk, or CD-ROM
submissions), preferably in five copies, to: Office of the Secretary,
Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 502, 4330 East West Highway,
Bethesda, MD 20814; telephone (301) 504-7923.
Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name
and docket number for this rulemaking. All comments received may be
posted without change, including any personal identifiers, contact
information, or other personal information provided, to https://www.regulations.gov. Do not submit confidential business information,
trade secret information, or other sensitive or protected information
electronically. Such information should be submitted in writing.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or
comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dean W. Woodard, Director, Defect
Investigations Division, Office of Compliance and Field Operations,
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway,
Bethesda, MD 20814; telephone (301) 504-7651; dwoodard@cpsc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
A. Background
Since December of 2008, the Commission has been receiving reports
of various problems related to drywall primarily imported from the
People's Republic of China. The first reports came primarily from
Florida and were related to the building boom and post-hurricane
construction. As reports continued to come in, it became apparent that
the drywall issue was more widespread. Currently, CPSC has received
over 2000 incident reports from 32 States, the District of Columbia and
Puerto Rico. The Commission has expanded its investigation to include
both imported and domestically manufactured drywall.
Problems described in these reports include odor, health effects
and corrosion effects on certain metal components in the home. The most
frequently reported health symptoms are irritated and itchy eyes and
skin, difficulty in breathing, persistent cough, bloody noses,
recurrent headaches, sinus infection, and asthma attacks. Many reports
indicate that the symptoms lessen when the consumer is away from home.
As for corrosion-related effects, consumers have reported blackened and
corroded metals and electrical wiring in their homes and failures of
such equipment as evaporator coils of central air conditioners. There
have also been reports of failures of appliances such as refrigerators
and dishwashers, and of electronic devices such as televisions and
video game systems.
CPSC is investigating the health effects and the potential
electrical and fire safety issues stemming from the corrosion of metal
equipment and components. CPSC is working with a number of state and
federal partners in this investigation including the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,
Centers for Disease Control, Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease
Registry and several state departments of health and state attorneys
general. In the course of this investigation, Commission staff has
visited several U.S. and Chinese drywall manufacturing facilities and
mines. CPSC staff is analyzing information received from consumers,
builders, importers, manufacturers and suppliers of drywall to better
determine the scope of the drywall problem. CPSC and its state and
federal partners are conducting a number of technical studies to
determine connections between the emissions from drywall and the
reported health and corrosive effects.
CPSC's investigation indicates that it is often difficult to
determine the manufacturer and origin of drywall in homes. As further
discussed in the next section, the investigation also indicates that
there can be a good deal of variability in drywall depending on its
type and origin. Being able to identify the manufacturer and origin of
drywall could aid in investigating complaints related to drywall and
narrow the scope of any investigation or necessary remedial action in
the future.
[[Page 66623]]
B. The Product
Drywall, sometimes also called gypsum board, plasterboard or
wallboard, is a kraft paper liner wrapped around a plaster mix
consisting primarily of gypsum. There are essentially two types of
gypsum: Mined gypsum; and synthetic gypsum. These two types are
sometimes combined.
Mined gypsum is found in sedimentary rock formations among
limestone, shale, marl and clay. Characteristics of the mined gypsum
can vary depending on the geology in the region where it is mined or
quarried. Nearby sulfur deposits and marine conditions may affect the
quality of the gypsum.
Synthetic gypsum is an alternative to natural mined gypsum. It is a
byproduct generated from flue gas desulfurization (``FGD'') in fossil-
fueled power plants.
There can be variability in gypsum depending on where it is mined
and the manufacturing process employed. Gypsum mined in some areas may
have higher levels of sulfur, strontium, carbonate, or pyrite; some of
these chemicals could affect drywall's behavior in homes. Similarly,
some flue gas sources may have higher or lower concentrations of these
and other compounds.
There are eight domestic drywall manufacturers in the United
States, with plants spread throughout the country and North America.
Two domestic manufacturers are ranked among the top five drywall
producers in the global market. In 2008, the United States drywall
production totaled an estimated 26.4 billion square feet. In 2006, the
total domestic production of 35.0 billion square feet was not enough to
meet demand that year. As a result, parties found themselves importing
drywall from China and other countries to meet construction needs. In
2006, approximately 218,100 metric tons of drywall was imported from
China.
The drywall manufacturing process is rather standard throughout the
industry. To make drywall, the raw gypsum (whether mined, FGD or a
combination) is dehydrated (sometimes called ``calcined''), typically
with natural gas. A slurry is made consisting of gypsum and additives
such as fiber (typically paper and/or fiberglass), plasticizer, foaming
agent, potash as an accelerator, water, ethylenediaminetetra acetic
acid or other chelate as a retarder. The additives are based on whether
the drywall is to be standard, fire resistant, or mildew or water
resistant. The slurry is fed between continuous layers of paper on a
board machine. As the board moves down a conveyer line, the mixture
hardens. The paper becomes bonded to the solid slurry mix. The board is
then cut to requested lengths and conveyed through dryers to remove any
free moisture. The lengths and thickness of the board vary depending on
the typical building code or usage requirements.
At a certain point along the conveyer line, most domestic
manufacturers mark the board with a stamp which may include the company
name, logo, brand name, plant location, production date, and time.
However, this practice is not standard for every drywall manufacturer
in the global marketplace.
C. Need for Better Identification of Drywall
CPSC's investigation has shown that building supply companies often
stock drywall based on purpose, type, length and thickness, rather than
brand name. Therefore, various drywall brands could be sold to fill a
single construction project order. Since construction customers
generally do not inventory drywall based on brand or country of origin
it makes identifying the source/manufacturer of the drywall difficult
once the product is installed.
In the course of its investigation, CPSC staff has found that
drywall often lacks any marks on its face or backing identifying the
manufacturer or the production batch or lot. Identifying markings on
the drywall could help consumers and investigators to isolate the
source of drywall problems in the future. Being able to identify the
brand and lot or batch could further narrow the focus of an
investigation to discrete sets of drywall. The majority of imported
drywall has little or no markings at all on its face. Most domestic
drywall has markings that identify the manufacturer. Any markings that
are present on domestic or imported drywall whether on the board or
tape are inconsistent as to both content and placement. Most drywall is
sealed on the ends with tape that displays a brand name or
manufacturer's name. During the installation process, however, that
tape is often removed.
D. Statutory Authority
Section 14(c) of the CPSA authorizes the Commission to issue a rule
requiring labels (and prescribing their form and content) containing
source information, such as date and place of manufacture of a consumer
product, cohort information (including batch, run number or other
identifying characteristic), and identification of the manufacturer or
private labeler. 15 U.S.C. 2063(c).
Section 14(c) allows the Commission, where practicable, to require
that the identifying labels be permanently marked or affixed to the
product. Id. Such an identifying permanent mark would be consistent
with section 103 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act,
entitled ``Tracking Labels for Children's Products,'' which requires
``permanent distinguishing marks'' stating certain identifying
information on children's products and their packaging. Section 14(c)
of the CPSA also authorizes the Commission to permit information about
the date and place of manufacture and cohort information to be coded.
15 U.S.C. 2063(c).
The Commission is considering a rulemaking that would require
manufacturers of drywall to label/mark their products to identify (1)
The name of the manufacturer; (2) the plant name and location; (3) the
source material (i.e., natural gypsum, synthetic gypsum or a mixture);
(4) a code to identify the mine or power plant that supplied the
gypsum; (5) the date of manufacture of the drywall; and (6) the batch
or lot number.
The Commission requests comments on such a requirement and on the
specific issues mentioned in the following section. If the Commission
were to initiate such a rulemaking, it would do so with the issuance of
a notice of proposed rulemaking.
E. Request for Comments
The Commission requests comments on the possibility of initiating a
rulemaking proceeding to require identifying labels on drywall.
Specifically, the Commission requests comments and information on the
following specific issues:
1. What labeling or markings are companies currently providing on
drywall?
2. What would be the cost impact if the Commission were to require
identifying labels/markings of the type discussed in this notice on
drywall?
3. What, if any, other identifying information should be required?
4. Should there be a uniform format for the labels/markings, and if
so, what should it be?
5. How can CPSC assure that the identifying label/marking is
accessible after the drywall is installed?
6. What would the impact be on industry of requiring identifying
information to be printed on both faces of the drywall in two
horizontal ribbons parallel to the longitudinal axis with a
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frequency that is a non-integer of 16 inches?
7. If the Commission were to define `drywall' for tracking labels,
or other purposes, what should such a definition include?
8. With what specificity should drywall manufacturers identify the
`date of manufacture,' and why?
Dated: December 9, 2009.
Todd Stevenson,
Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.
[FR Doc. E9-29946 Filed 12-15-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6355-01-P