Notice of Inventory Completion: Fernbank Museum of Natural History, Atlanta, GA, 42098-42100 [E9-19983]
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 160 / Thursday, August 20, 2009 / Notices
The well-preserved nature of the skull
is indicative of an aerial burial
technique. New York State Museum
staff report that this skull does not show
evidence of a ground burial, which
suggests the group practiced mainly
aerial burial without secondary
interment, or collection interrupting the
burial cycle.
The Puyallup Tribe is one of the tribes
in the Puget Sound area. The history of
the Puyallup Tribe records evidence of
a ‘‘Puyallup graveyard,’’ which was
situated between the villages on
Commencement Bay and Point
Defiance. The graveyard covered
approximately one acre of ground and
‘‘contained canoes in various
conditions.’’ The Puyallup gravesite was
upset in 1882, when a farmer received
permission to clear the gravesite for use
as a pasture. This date, in the same
decade that John James discovered the
skull in question, might indicate that
the skull was unearthed in 1882, and
found by Mr. James in 1888. Puyallup
canoe burials involved the body being
wrapped in robes and blankets and then
the entire canoe was covered with mats
with shed water, which is a type of
aerial burial practiced by the tribes in
the Puget Sound area. The Puget Sound
ancestral practices of skull-flattening
and areal burial are consistent with the
assessment of the skull by the New York
State Museum professional staff. The
tribes in the Puget Sound area are the
Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the
Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington;
Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually
Reservation, Washington; Puyallup
Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the
Squaxin Island Reservation,
Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of
the Port Madison Reservation,
Washington; Swinomish Indians of the
Swinomish Reservation, Washington;
and Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip
Reservation, Washington.
Officials of the Chemung Valley
History Museum have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9–10), the
human remains described above
represent the physical remains of one
individual of Native American ancestry.
Officials of the Chemung Valley History
Museum also have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is
a relationship of shared group identity
that can be reasonably traced between
the Native American human remains
and the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the
Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington;
Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually
Reservation, Washington; Puyallup
Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the
Squaxin Island Reservation,
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Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of
the Port Madison Reservation,
Washington; Swinomish Indians of the
Swinomish Reservation, Washington;
and/or Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip
Reservation, Washington.
Representatives of any other tribe that
believes itself to be culturally affiliated
with the human remains should contact
Casey Lewis, Curator, Chemung Valley
History Museum, 415 E. Water St.,
Elmira, NY 14901, telephone (607) 734–
4167, before September 21, 2009.
Repatriation of the human remains to
the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the
Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington;
Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually
Reservation, Washington; Puyallup
Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the
Squaxin Island Reservation,
Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of
the Port Madison Reservation,
Washington; Swinomish Indians of the
Swinomish Reservation, Washington;
and/or Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip
Reservation, Washington may proceed
after that date if no additional claimants
come forward.
The Chemung Valley History Museum
is responsible for notifying the
Muckleshoot Indian Tribe of the
Muckleshoot Reservation, Washington;
Nisqually Indian Tribe of the Nisqually
Reservation, Washington; Puyallup
Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation,
Washington; Squaxin Island Tribe of the
Squaxin Island Reservation,
Washington; Squamish Indian Tribe of
the Port Madison Reservation,
Washington; Swinomish Indians of the
Swinomish Reservation, Washington;
and Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip
Reservation, Washington that this notice
has been published.
Dated: July 28, 2009.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E9–19984 Filed 8–19–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–S
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion:
Fernbank Museum of Natural History,
Atlanta, GA
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects
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in the possession of the Fernbank
Museum of Natural History, Atlanta,
GA. The human remains and associated
funerary objects were removed from St.
Catherines Island, Liberty County, GA.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3). The determinations
in this notice are the sole responsibility
of the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and
associated funerary objects. The
National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed inventory and assessment
of the human remains and funerary
objects was made by Fernbank Museum
of Natural History curatorial staff, aided
by published reports and other
documentation prepared by the
American Museum of Natural History,
and in consultation with the AlabamaQuassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma;
Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Oklahoma;
Poarch Band of Creek Indians of
Alabama; Seminole Nation of
Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida
(Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma.
The human remains and associated
funerary objects described in this notice
are from the St. Catherines Island
Foundation and Edward John Noble
Foundation Archeological Collection,
and were removed from sites on
privately-owned land on St. Catherines
Island, GA, during research conducted
under the auspices of the Edward John
Noble and the St. Catherines Island
Foundations. A phased transfer of the
collection to Fernbank Museum of
Natural History was initiated in 2004,
under a gift agreement with both
foundations, and will be completed by
January 2010. Presently, Fernbank
Museum is in possession of
approximately 90 percent of the
collection by volume. Except for those
individuals and associated funerary
objects described in this notice, most of
the collection is determined to be
culturally unidentifiable. The curatorial
staff of the Fernbank Museum do not
believe it is possible to trace a shared
group identity between present-day
Indian tribes and human remains and
associated funerary objects that pre-date
the late prehistoric Mississippian (Irene)
Period (A.D. 1350–1580) on the Georgia
coast, since the preponderance of
evidence presently available from
archeological, ethnohistorical, and other
relevant sources does not establish a
clear historical affiliation.
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In 1969–1970, human remains were
removed from Johns Mound (9LI18),
Liberty County, GA, during
archeological excavations conducted by
the University of Georgia under the
direction of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell. The
human remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer
Larsen, working in collaboration with
the American Museum of Natural
History. After storage for intervals at the
University of Georgia and on St.
Catherines Island, the human remains
were transferred to the Fernbank
Museum by the Edward John Noble
Foundation in 2004. Of the 72
individuals removed, only 2 have been
determined to be culturally affiliated.
No known individuals were identified.
The six associated funerary objects are
three ceramic vessels, two bone pins,
and one set of fragments of small shell
beads.
The majority of the human remains
from Johns Mound are determined to be
culturally unidentifiable. Exceptions to
this determination concern two
intrusive burials in Johns Mound with
associated materials that date them to
the historic Contact (Altamaha) Period
(A.D. 1580–1700). Curatorial staff of the
Fernbank Museum reasonably believe,
based on historical geography, general
continuities of material culture, and
probable linguistic continuity across the
Late Prehistoric/Contact Period
boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA
determinations for human remains and
funerary objects from the Georgia coast,
that a relationship of shared group
identity can be traced between the
historic Contact (Altamaha) Period
inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six
present-day Indian tribes. These six
Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte
Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee
(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band
of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma.
In 1976–1977, human remains were
removed from Seaside Mound II (9LI62),
Liberty County, GA, during
archeological excavations conducted by
the American Museum of Natural
History under the direction of Dr. David
Hurst Thomas. The human remains
were subsequently subjected to
bioarchaeological study under the
direction of Dr. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the American
Museum of Natural History. After
storage for intervals at the American
Museum of Natural History and on St.
Catherines Island, the human remains
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were transferred to the Fernbank
Museum by the Edward John Noble
Foundation in 2004. Of the 19
individuals removed, only 3 have been
determined to be culturally affiliated.
No known individuals were identified.
No associated funerary objects
recovered from the site were transferred
to the Fernbank Museum.
The majority of the human remains
from Seaside Mound II are determined
to be culturally unidentifiable.
Exceptions to this determination
concern three intrusive burials in
Seaside Mound II with associated
materials that date them to the late
prehistoric Mississippian (Irene) Period
(A.D. 1350–1580). Curatorial staff of the
Fernbank Museum reasonably believe,
based on historical geography, general
continuities of material culture, and
probable linguistic continuity across the
Late Prehistoric/Contact Period
boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA
determinations for human remains and
funerary objects from the Georgia coast,
that a relationship of shared group
identity can be traced between the
historic Contact (Altamaha) Period
inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six
present-day Indian tribes. These six
Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte
Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee
(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band
of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma.
In 1986, and from 1991 to 1993,
human remains representing at least 37
individuals were removed from South
End Mound I (9LI3), Liberty County,
GA, during archeological excavations. In
1986, the excavations were conducted
by the American Museum of Natural
History under the direction of Dr.
Thomas. In 1991–1993, the excavations
were conducted under the direction of
Dr. Larsen. The human remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Larsen. After storage for
intervals at Purdue University,
University of North Carolina – Chapel
Hill, American Museum of Natural
History, and on St. Catherines Island,
the human remains were transferred to
the Fernbank Museum by the Edward
John Noble Foundation in 2004. No
known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects recovered
from the site were transferred to the
Fernbank Museum.
Based on associated material culture
and radiocarbon dating results, the
curatorial staff of the Fernbank Museum
believes it is reasonable to trace a
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relationship of shared group identity
between the late prehistoric
Mississippian (Irene) Period (A.D. 1350–
1580) and the historic Contact
(Altamaha) Period (A.D. 1580–1700)
inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six
present-day Indian tribes. These six
Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte
Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee
(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band
of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma. This determination is made
on the basis of historical geography,
general continuities of material culture,
and probable linguistic continuity
across the Late Prehistoric/Contact
Period boundary, as well as previous
NAGPRA determinations for human
remains and funerary objects from the
Georgia coast.
In 1982–1986, human remains
representing 431 individuals were
removed from the site of Mission Santa
Catalina de Guale (9LI274), Liberty
County, GA, during archeological
excavations conducted by the American
Museum of Natural History under the
direction of Dr. Thomas and Dr. Larsen.
The human remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the
American Museum of Natural History.
After storage for intervals at Northern
Illinois University and on St. Catherines
Island, most of the human remains were
reburied at the site on two occasions. In
May 1984, three coffins containing
human remains were returned to the
cemetery in conjunction with a
ceremony to reconsecrate the Catholic
church site, conducted by Bishop
Raymond Lessard. In April 2000,
additional human remains were placed
in 26 individual, specially built
containers and reburied in the same
location, in a ceremony presided over
by an ordained Presbyterian minister.
The human remains of at least 18
individuals from the mission site are
now in possession of the Fernbank
Museum. These remains are all teeth
that were apparently separated from the
reinterred material. No known
individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects have been
transferred to the Fernbank Museum.
Based on associated material culture
and radiocarbon dating results, the
curatorial staff of Fernbank Museum
believe it is reasonable to trace a
relationship of shared group identity
between the historic Contact (Altamaha)
Period (A.D. 1580–1700) inhabitants of
coastal Georgia at mission Santa
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Catalina de Guale and six present-day
Indian tribes. This determination is
made on the basis of historical
geography, general continuities of
material culture, and probable linguistic
continuity across the Late Prehistoric/
Contact Period boundary, as well as
previous NAGPRA determinations for
human remains and funerary objects
from the Georgia coast. These six Indian
tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal
Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek)
Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of
Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma.
Officials of the Fernbank Museum of
Natural History have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9–10), the
human remains described above
represent the physical remains of 60
individuals of Native American
ancestry. Officials of the Fernbank
Museum of Natural History also have
determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001 (3)(A), the six objects described
above are reasonably believed to have
been placed with or near individual
human remains at the time of death or
later as part of the death rite or
ceremony. Lastly, officials of the
Fernbank Museum of Natural History
have determined that, pursuant to 25
U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is a relationship
of shared group identity which can be
reasonably traced between the Native
American human remains and
associated funerary objects and the
Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town,
Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation,
Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek
Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of
Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida
(Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma.
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the human remains and
associated funerary objects should
contact Dennis B. Blanton, Curator –
Native American Archaeology,
Fernbank Museum of Natural History,
767 Clifton Rd. NE., Atlanta, GA 30307–
1221, telephone: (404) 929–6304, before
September 21, 2009. Repatriation of the
human remains and associated funerary
objects to the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal
Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek)
Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of
Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
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Oklahoma may proceed after that date if
no additional claimants come forward.
The Fernbank Museum of Natural
History is responsible for notifying the
Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town,
Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation,
Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek
Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of
Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida
(Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and
the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma that this notice has been
published.
Dated: August 5, 2009.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E9–19983 Filed 8–19–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–S
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S.
Department of Defense, Army Corps of
Engineers, Walla Walla District, Walla
Walla, WA and Museum of
Anthropology, Washington State
University, Pullman, WA
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects
in the control of the U.S. Department of
Defense, Army Corps of Engineers,
Walla Walla District, Walla Walla, WA,
and in the physical custody of the
Museum of Anthropology, Washington
State University, Pullman, WA. The
human remains and associated funerary
objects were removed from the Marmes
Rockshelter (45FR50) in Franklin
County, WA.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3). The determinations
in this notice are the sole responsibility
of the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and
associated funerary objects. The
National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed assessment of the human
remains was made by the U.S.
Department of Defense, Army Corps of
Engineers professional staff in
consultation with representatives of the
Confederated Tribes of the Colville
Reservation, Washington; Confederated
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Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
Reservation, Oregon; Confederated
Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation,
Washington; Nez Perce Tribe, Idaho;
and the Wanapum Band, a nonFederally recognized Indian group.
In 1962, 1963, 1964, and 1968, human
remains representing a minimum of 45
individuals were removed from the
Marmes Rockshelter (45FR50) in
Franklin County, WA. The Marmes
Rockshelter was excavated between
1962 and 1964 by Washington State
University under contract with the
National Park Service. In 1968,
Washington State University conducted
additional excavations under contract
with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Some human remains were encased in
plaster casts during the excavations and
transported to the laboratory at
Washington State University.
Excavations of the plaster casts were
conducted at the laboratory until 1974.
Material from all excavations is curated
at Washington State University. During
the excavations and subsequent
analyses of the human remains from the
Marmes Rockshelter site, human
remains were given burial numbers or
other designations including Burials 1
to 12, Burials 14 to 22, Small
Unnumbered Cast, Rice Burial 05, MCX
1, Feature 64–6, and non-cremation
rockshelter remains. No known
individuals were identified. The 2,047
associated funerary objects (i.e., 2,020
counted items and 27 lots of items) are
2 antler pieces; 8 bird bones; 49 fish
bones; 752 mammal bones; 1 lot other
bones; 13 other bones; 9 other modified
bone/antler; 1 antler pendant; 1 basalt
biface; 1 chert biface; 1 chert/
cryptocrystalline biface; 1 obsidian
biface; 1 basalt lanceolate point; 8
pieces of blocky basalt shatter; 10 pieces
of blocky chert shatter; 31 pieces of
blocky chert/cryptocrystalline shatter; 4
pieces of blocky obsidian shatter; 2
pieces of other stone blocky shatter; 1
basalt cobble core; 4 basalt cobble cores
with no cutting edge; 1 other stone
cobble core with cutting edge; 3 cobble
spalls; 2 basalt cobble spalls with
retouch; 1 basalt core; 1 chert core; 2
chert/cryptocrystalline cores; 1 chert
endscraper; 3 chert/cryptocrystalline
endscrapers; 43 pieces basalt flake
debitage; 4 pieces of chert flake
debitage; 45 pieces of chert/
cryptocrystalline flake debitage; 12
pieces of obsidian flake debitage; 19
pieces of basalt flake shatter; 13 pieces
of chert flake shatter; 42 pieces of chert
or other cryptocrystalline flake shatter;
78 pieces of chert/cryptocrystalline
shatter; 30 pieces of obsidian flake
shatter; 1 piece quartzite flake shatter; 2
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 160 (Thursday, August 20, 2009)]
[Notices]
[Pages 42098-42100]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-19983]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion: Fernbank Museum of Natural
History, Atlanta, GA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human remains and associated funerary
objects in the possession of the Fernbank Museum of Natural History,
Atlanta, GA. The human remains and associated funerary objects were
removed from St. Catherines Island, Liberty County, GA.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3).
The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and associated funerary objects. The National
Park Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed inventory and assessment of the human remains and
funerary objects was made by Fernbank Museum of Natural History
curatorial staff, aided by published reports and other documentation
prepared by the American Museum of Natural History, and in consultation
with the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek)
Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania, Big Cypress,
Brighton, Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and the Thlopthlocco Tribal
Town, Oklahoma.
The human remains and associated funerary objects described in this
notice are from the St. Catherines Island Foundation and Edward John
Noble Foundation Archeological Collection, and were removed from sites
on privately-owned land on St. Catherines Island, GA, during research
conducted under the auspices of the Edward John Noble and the St.
Catherines Island Foundations. A phased transfer of the collection to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History was initiated in 2004, under a gift
agreement with both foundations, and will be completed by January 2010.
Presently, Fernbank Museum is in possession of approximately 90 percent
of the collection by volume. Except for those individuals and
associated funerary objects described in this notice, most of the
collection is determined to be culturally unidentifiable. The
curatorial staff of the Fernbank Museum do not believe it is possible
to trace a shared group identity between present-day Indian tribes and
human remains and associated funerary objects that pre-date the late
prehistoric Mississippian (Irene) Period (A.D. 1350-1580) on the
Georgia coast, since the preponderance of evidence presently available
from archeological, ethnohistorical, and other relevant sources does
not establish a clear historical affiliation.
[[Page 42099]]
In 1969-1970, human remains were removed from Johns Mound (9LI18),
Liberty County, GA, during archeological excavations conducted by the
University of Georgia under the direction of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell.
The human remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer Larsen, working in
collaboration with the American Museum of Natural History. After
storage for intervals at the University of Georgia and on St.
Catherines Island, the human remains were transferred to the Fernbank
Museum by the Edward John Noble Foundation in 2004. Of the 72
individuals removed, only 2 have been determined to be culturally
affiliated. No known individuals were identified. The six associated
funerary objects are three ceramic vessels, two bone pins, and one set
of fragments of small shell beads.
The majority of the human remains from Johns Mound are determined
to be culturally unidentifiable. Exceptions to this determination
concern two intrusive burials in Johns Mound with associated materials
that date them to the historic Contact (Altamaha) Period (A.D. 1580-
1700). Curatorial staff of the Fernbank Museum reasonably believe,
based on historical geography, general continuities of material
culture, and probable linguistic continuity across the Late
Prehistoric/Contact Period boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA
determinations for human remains and funerary objects from the Georgia
coast, that a relationship of shared group identity can be traced
between the historic Contact (Altamaha) Period inhabitants of coastal
Georgia and six present-day Indian tribes. These six Indian tribes are
the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation,
Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of
Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma.
In 1976-1977, human remains were removed from Seaside Mound II
(9LI62), Liberty County, GA, during archeological excavations conducted
by the American Museum of Natural History under the direction of Dr.
David Hurst Thomas. The human remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarchaeological study under the direction of Dr. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the American Museum of Natural History. After
storage for intervals at the American Museum of Natural History and on
St. Catherines Island, the human remains were transferred to the
Fernbank Museum by the Edward John Noble Foundation in 2004. Of the 19
individuals removed, only 3 have been determined to be culturally
affiliated. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects recovered from the site were transferred to the
Fernbank Museum.
The majority of the human remains from Seaside Mound II are
determined to be culturally unidentifiable. Exceptions to this
determination concern three intrusive burials in Seaside Mound II with
associated materials that date them to the late prehistoric
Mississippian (Irene) Period (A.D. 1350-1580). Curatorial staff of the
Fernbank Museum reasonably believe, based on historical geography,
general continuities of material culture, and probable linguistic
continuity across the Late Prehistoric/Contact Period boundary, as well
as previous NAGPRA determinations for human remains and funerary
objects from the Georgia coast, that a relationship of shared group
identity can be traced between the historic Contact (Altamaha) Period
inhabitants of coastal Georgia and six present-day Indian tribes. These
six Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma;
Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek Indians of
Alabama; Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania,
Big Cypress, Brighton, Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and the
Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, Oklahoma.
In 1986, and from 1991 to 1993, human remains representing at least
37 individuals were removed from South End Mound I (9LI3), Liberty
County, GA, during archeological excavations. In 1986, the excavations
were conducted by the American Museum of Natural History under the
direction of Dr. Thomas. In 1991-1993, the excavations were conducted
under the direction of Dr. Larsen. The human remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Larsen.
After storage for intervals at Purdue University, University of North
Carolina - Chapel Hill, American Museum of Natural History, and on St.
Catherines Island, the human remains were transferred to the Fernbank
Museum by the Edward John Noble Foundation in 2004. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects recovered
from the site were transferred to the Fernbank Museum.
Based on associated material culture and radiocarbon dating
results, the curatorial staff of the Fernbank Museum believes it is
reasonable to trace a relationship of shared group identity between the
late prehistoric Mississippian (Irene) Period (A.D. 1350-1580) and the
historic Contact (Altamaha) Period (A.D. 1580-1700) inhabitants of
coastal Georgia and six present-day Indian tribes. These six Indian
tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee
(Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama;
Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania, Big
Cypress, Brighton, Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and the
Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, Oklahoma. This determination is made on the
basis of historical geography, general continuities of material
culture, and probable linguistic continuity across the Late
Prehistoric/Contact Period boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA
determinations for human remains and funerary objects from the Georgia
coast.
In 1982-1986, human remains representing 431 individuals were
removed from the site of Mission Santa Catalina de Guale (9LI274),
Liberty County, GA, during archeological excavations conducted by the
American Museum of Natural History under the direction of Dr. Thomas
and Dr. Larsen. The human remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the American Museum of Natural History. After
storage for intervals at Northern Illinois University and on St.
Catherines Island, most of the human remains were reburied at the site
on two occasions. In May 1984, three coffins containing human remains
were returned to the cemetery in conjunction with a ceremony to
reconsecrate the Catholic church site, conducted by Bishop Raymond
Lessard. In April 2000, additional human remains were placed in 26
individual, specially built containers and reburied in the same
location, in a ceremony presided over by an ordained Presbyterian
minister. The human remains of at least 18 individuals from the mission
site are now in possession of the Fernbank Museum. These remains are
all teeth that were apparently separated from the reinterred material.
No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects
have been transferred to the Fernbank Museum.
Based on associated material culture and radiocarbon dating
results, the curatorial staff of Fernbank Museum believe it is
reasonable to trace a relationship of shared group identity between the
historic Contact (Altamaha) Period (A.D. 1580-1700) inhabitants of
coastal Georgia at mission Santa
[[Page 42100]]
Catalina de Guale and six present-day Indian tribes. This determination
is made on the basis of historical geography, general continuities of
material culture, and probable linguistic continuity across the Late
Prehistoric/Contact Period boundary, as well as previous NAGPRA
determinations for human remains and funerary objects from the Georgia
coast. These six Indian tribes are the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town,
Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek
Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, Hollywood & Tampa Reservations);
and the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, Oklahoma.
Officials of the Fernbank Museum of Natural History have determined
that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9-10), the human remains described
above represent the physical remains of 60 individuals of Native
American ancestry. Officials of the Fernbank Museum of Natural History
also have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (3)(A), the six
objects described above are reasonably believed to have been placed
with or near individual human remains at the time of death or later as
part of the death rite or ceremony. Lastly, officials of the Fernbank
Museum of Natural History have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001 (2), there is a relationship of shared group identity which can be
reasonably traced between the Native American human remains and
associated funerary objects and the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town,
Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek
Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of
Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, Hollywood & Tampa Reservations);
and the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town, Oklahoma.
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the human remains and associated funerary
objects should contact Dennis B. Blanton, Curator - Native American
Archaeology, Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 767 Clifton Rd. NE.,
Atlanta, GA 30307-1221, telephone: (404) 929-6304, before September 21,
2009. Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary objects
to the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek)
Nation, Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole
Nation of Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania, Big Cypress,
Brighton, Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and the Thlopthlocco Tribal
Town, Oklahoma may proceed after that date if no additional claimants
come forward.
The Fernbank Museum of Natural History is responsible for notifying
the Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma; Muscogee (Creek) Nation,
Oklahoma; Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama; Seminole Nation of
Oklahoma; Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton,
Hollywood & Tampa Reservations); and the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town,
Oklahoma that this notice has been published.
Dated: August 5, 2009.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E9-19983 Filed 8-19-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-50-S
