Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and Sampling Procedures, 38348-38358 [E9-18361]

Download as PDF sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES 38348 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Because this rule approves pre-existing requirements under State law and does not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond that required by State law, it does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4). This rule also does not have Tribal implications because it will not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian Tribes, on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes, as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This action also does not have Federalism implications because it does not have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). This action merely approves a State rule implementing a Federal requirement, and does not alter the relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities established in the CAA. This rule also is not subject to Executive Order 13045 ‘‘Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks’’ (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because it approves a State rule implementing a Federal standard. In reviewing section 111(d)/ 129 plan submissions, EPA’s role is to approve State choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. In this context, in the absence of a prior existing requirement for the State to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS), EPA has no authority to disapprove a 111(d)/129 plan submission for failure to use VCS. It would thus be inconsistent with applicable law for EPA, when it reviews a 111(d)/129 plan submission, to use VCS in place of a 111(d)/129 plan submission that otherwise satisfies the provisions of the CAA. Thus, the requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. This rule does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 B. Submission to Congress and the Comptroller General The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. This rule is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). C. Petitions for Judicial Review Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act, petitions for judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by October 2, 2009. Filing a petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect the finality of this rule for the purposes of judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or action. Parties with objections to this direct final rule are encouraged to file a comment in response to the parallel notice of proposed rulemaking for this action published in the proposed rules section of today’s Federal Register, rather than file an immediate petition for judicial review of this direct final rule, so that EPA can withdraw this direct final rule and address the comment in the proposed rulemaking. This action, approving the submitted West Virginia HMIWI plan revision, may not be challenged later in proceedings to enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).) List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 62 Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, Air pollution control, Aluminum, Fertilizers, Fluoride, Intergovernmental relations, Paper and paper products industry, Phosphate, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur oxides, Sulfur acid plants, Waste treatment and disposal. Dated: July 21, 2009. William C. Early, Acting Regional Administrator, Region III. 40 CFR Part 62, Subpart XX, is amended as follows: ■ PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 PART 62—[AMENDED] 1. The authority citation for part 62 continues to read as follows: ■ Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Subpart XX—West Virginia 2. Section 62.12150 is amended by designating the existing paragraph as paragraph (a) and adding paragraph (b) to read as follows: ■ § 62.12150 Identification of plan. * * * * * (b) On May 11, 2009, the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection submitted a State plan revision (#1) that consolidates all existing section 111(d)/129 incinerator regulatory requirements into one modified rule, WV45CSR18. ■ 3. Section 62.12152 is amended by designating the existing paragraph as paragraph (a) and adding paragraph (b) to read as follows: § 61.12152 Effective date. * * * * * (b) Plan revision #1 is effective October 2, 2009. [FR Doc. E9–18482 Filed 7–31–09; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 141 [EPA–HQ–OW–2009–0345; FRL–8930–8] Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and Sampling Procedures AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action announces the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) approval of alternative testing methods for use in measuring the levels of contaminants in drinking water and determining compliance with national primary drinking water regulations. The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) authorizes EPA to approve the use of alternative testing methods through publication in the Federal Register. EPA is using this streamlined authority to make six additional methods available for analyzing drinking water samples required by regulation. This expedited approach provides public water systems, laboratories, and primacy agencies with more timely access to new E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations measurement techniques and greater flexibility in the selection of analytical methods, thereby reducing monitoring costs while maintaining public health protection. DATES: This action is effective August 3, 2009. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800) 426–4791 or Patricia Snyder Fair, Technical Support Center, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (MS 140), Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268; telephone number: (513) 569–7937; e-mail address: fair.pat@epa.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. General Information A. Does This Action Apply to Me? Public water systems are the regulated entities required to measure contaminants in drinking water samples. In addition, EPA Regions as well as States and Tribal governments with authority to administer the regulatory program for public water systems under SDWA may also measure contaminants in water samples. When EPA sets a monitoring requirement in its national primary drinking water regulations for a given contaminant, the Agency also establishes in the regulations standardized test procedures for analysis of the contaminant. This action makes alternative testing methods available for particular drinking water contaminants beyond the testing methods currently established in the regulations. EPA is providing public water systems required to test water samples with a choice of using either a test procedure already established in the existing regulations or an alternative test procedure that has been approved in this action. Categories and entities that may ultimately be affected by this action include: Category Examples of potentially regulated entities State, Local, & Tribal Governments ........ States, local and tribal governments that analyze water samples on behalf of public water systems required to conduct such analysis; States, local and tribal governments that themselves operate community and non-transient non-community water systems required to monitor. Private operators of community and non-transient non-community water systems required to monitor. Municipal operators of community and non-transient non-community water systems required to monitor. Industry .................................................... Municipalities ........................................... 1 North NAICS 1 924110 221310 924110 American Industry Classification System. This table is not exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this action. This table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware could potentially be affected by this action. Other types of entities not listed in the table could also be impacted. To determine whether your facility is affected by this action, you should carefully examine the applicability language at 40 CFR 141.2 (definition of public water system). If you have questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related Information? sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES 38349 1. Docket. EPA established a docket for this action under Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OW–2009–0345. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically through www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center, (EPA/DC) EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. Copyrighted materials are available only in hard copy. The EPA Docket Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 566–1744, and the telephone number for the Water Docket is (202) 566–2426. 2. Electronic Access. You may access this Federal Register document electronically through the EPA Internet under the ‘‘Federal Register’’ listings at https://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/. Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Action CFR: Code of Federal Regulations DBCP: Dibromochloropropane EDB: Ethylene Dibromide EPA: Environmental Protection Agency GC: Gas Chromatography LED: Light-Emitting Diode MS: Mass Spectrometry NEMI: National Environmental Methods Index nm: Nanometers SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act Table of Contents I. General Information A. Does This Action Apply to Me? B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related Information? II. Background A. What Is the Purpose of This Action? B. What Is the Basis for This Action? III. Summary of Approvals A. Methods Developed by EPA B. Methods Developed by Vendors IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews V. References II. Background A. What Is the Purpose of This Action? In this action, EPA is approving six analytical methods for determining PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA. Regulated parties required to sample and monitor may use either the testing methods already established in existing regulations or the alternative testing methods being approved in this action. The new methods are listed in Appendix A to Subpart C in 40 CFR 141 and on EPA’s drinking water methods Web site at https://www.epa.gov/ safewater/methods/ analyticalmethods_expedited.html. B. What Is the Basis for This Action? When EPA determines an alternative analytical method is ‘‘equally effective’’ (i.e., as effective as a method that has already been promulgated in the regulations), SDWA allows EPA to approve the use of the alternative method through publication in the Federal Register. See Section 1401(1) of SDWA. EPA is using this streamlined approval authority to make six additional methods available for determining contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA. EPA has determined that, for each contaminant or group of contaminants listed in Section III, the additional testing methods being approved in this action are equally as effective as one or more of the testing methods already established in the regulations for those contaminants. Section 1401(1) states that the newly approved methods ‘‘shall be treated as E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 38350 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations an alternative for public water systems to the quality control and testing procedures listed in the regulation.’’ Accordingly, this action makes these additional (and optional) six analytical methods legally available for meeting EPA’s monitoring requirements. This action does not add regulatory language, but does, for informational purposes, update an appendix to the regulations at 40 CFR part 141 that lists all methods approved under Section 1401(1) of SDWA. Accordingly, while this action is not a rule, it is updating CFR text and therefore is being published in the ‘‘Final Rules’’ section of this Federal Register. EPA described this expedited methods approval process in an April 10, 2007, Federal Register notice (72 FR 17902) (USEPA 2007) and announced its intent to begin using the process. EPA published the first set of approvals in a June 3, 2008, Federal Register notice (73 FR 31616) (USEPA 2008) and added Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart C. This action adds six additional methods to Appendix A to Subpart C. sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES III. Summary of Approvals EPA is approving six methods that are equally effective relative to methods previously promulgated in the regulations. By means of this notice, these six methods are added to Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart C. For convenience of the reader, the revised Appendix A in its entirety is shown below. However, the only change made to Appendix A through this action is the inclusion of these six additional methods as described in this preamble. A. Methods Developed by EPA EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. This is a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of purgeable organic compounds in finished drinking waters. The method analytes are purged from the water sample using helium and trapped on a sorbent material. After purging, the trap is heated and back flushed with helium to transfer the analytes to a capillary GC column. Compounds eluting from the GC are directed into a mass spectrometer for mass analysis and detection. The analytes are identified by comparing the acquired mass spectra and retention times to reference spectra and retention times for calibration standards acquired under identical GC/MS conditions. The concentration of each target analyte is calculated using the internal standard technique and response curves obtained via procedural calibration. The expansion of the method to include the VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 option of selective ion monitoring makes this method sufficiently sensitive to measure dibromochloropropane (DBCP) and ethylene dibromide (EDB) at the concentrations required for drinking water compliance monitoring. EPA Method 524.3 is an updated version of EPA Method 524.2, Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a), which is currently approved for analyses of compliance samples for 21 volatile organic contaminants and total trihalomethanes. The method development work is described in the method research summary (Zaffiro et al. 2009). The advantages of the new method include: • Use of maleic acid, a common food preservative, to preserve samples, eliminating the requirement to ship a hazardous reagent (hydrochloric acid) to the field; • Incorporation of features that allow users to take advantage of modern instrumentation to improve speed and data quality; • Increased flexibility in selection of method operating parameters; and • Addition of Method 524.3 as an approved method for DBCP and EDB. Approved methods for volatile organic contaminants and total trihalomethanes are listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e). EPA Methods 502.2; Revision 2.1 (USEPA 1995b) and 524.2; Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a) are approved for benzene; carbon tetrachloride; chlorobenzene; 1,2-dichlorobenzene; 1,4-dichlorobenzene; 1,2dichloroethane; cis-dichloroethylene; trans-dichloroethylene; dichloromethane; 1,2-dichloropropane; ethylbenzene; styrene; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; toluene; 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene; 1,1dichloroethylene; 1,1,2-trichlorethane; vinyl chloride; xylenes (total—measured as sum of o-xylene; m-xylene and pxylene); and total trihalomethanes (sum of chloroform; bromodichloromethane; dibromochloromethane; and bromoform). EPA Method 551.1 (USEPA 1995c) is approved for carbon tetrachloride; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; EDB; DBCP; and total trihalomethanes. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1 (USEPA 1995d) is approved for EDB and DBCP. Approved methods for total trihalomethanes are also listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1). For each of the 24 contaminants, the performance characteristics of EPA Method 524.3 were compared to the characteristics of each of the methods currently listed in the regulations as approved for that contaminant (Munch 2009). EPA has determined that, for each of the 24 contaminants, EPA Method 524.3 is PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 equally as effective for measuring the contaminant as the methods currently listed in the regulations as approved for that contaminant. The basis for this determination is discussed in Munch 2009. EPA is therefore approving use of Method 524.3 for the above named 24 contaminants when analyzing drinking water compliance samples. EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0 (USEPA 2009) can be accessed and downloaded directly on-line at https:// epa.gov/safewater/methods/ analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html. B. Methods Developed by Vendors 1. Mitchell Method M5271. Mitchell Method M5271 (Mitchell 2009a) uses laser nephelometry to measure turbidity in drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by the sample under defined conditions with the intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension. Readings are made using an on-line laser nephelometer with the following design criteria: • Laser light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal wavelength of 650 ± 30nm; • Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed ± 1.5 degrees in the measurement area; • Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light does not exceed 10cm; • Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 ± 1.5 degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed ± 30 degrees from 90 degrees; and • Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are immersed in the sample stream. Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5271 were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method 180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008a) summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series at three different public water systems. One water system used ground water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water plants. EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5271 is equally effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009a. Therefore, EPA is approving the Mitchell Method M5271 for determining turbidity in drinking E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI) at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained by contacting Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. 2. Mitchell Method M5331. Mitchell Method M5331 (Mitchell 2009b) uses light-emitting diode (LED) nephelometry to measure turbidity in drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by the sample under defined conditions with the intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension. Readings are made using an on-line LED nephelometer with the following design criteria: • LED light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal wavelength of 525 ± 15nm; • Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed ± 1.5 degrees in the measurement area; • Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light does not exceed 10cm; • Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 ± 1.5 degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed ± 30 degrees from 90 degrees; and • Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are immersed in the sample stream. Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5331 were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method 180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008b) summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series at three different public water systems. One water system used ground water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water plants. EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5331 is equally effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009b. Therefore, EPA is approving it for determining turbidity in drinking water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. 3. Orion Method AQ4500. Thermo Scientific’s Orion Method AQ4500 (Thermo Scientific 2009) uses LED VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 nephelometry to measure turbidity in drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by the sample at 90 degrees to the beam path with the intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension. Readings are made using a portable LED nephelometer with the following design criteria: • White LED light source emits broadband light having peak intensities in the 400nm to 600nm range; • Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light does not exceed 10cm; • Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed ± 30 degrees from 90 degrees. The detector has spectral peak response between 400nm and 600nm; • Pulsed light allows for synchronous detection, a technique by which ambient stray light leakage, as well as other electronic induced errors, are effectively cancelled out; and • Color compensation is achieved using a dual-beam system with two photo detectors. Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Thermo Scientific’s Orion Method AQ4500 were compared to the performance characteristics of EPA Method 180.1 (USEPA 1993a) listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1) for measurement of turbidity. Two rounds of testing were conducted (Wendelken 2009c). The first was an ASTM round robin study comparing results from analyses of 28 samples of various types using turbidimeters with tungsten filament light sources as specified in EPA Method 180.1 and white LEDs as specified in Thermo Scientific Orion Method AQ4500. A second study involved demonstration of performance at turbidities below 2 nephelometric turbidity units. EPA has determined that Thermo Scientific’s Orion Method AQ4500 is equally effective relative to EPA Method 180.1, which is already promulgated in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009c. Therefore, EPA is approving Method AQ4500 for the measurement of turbidity in drinking water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915, Phone: (800) 225–1480, www.thermo.com. 4. Systea Easy (1-Reagent). Systea Scientific, LLC’s Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method uses automated discreet PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 38351 analysis by spectrophotometry to determine concentrations of nitrate and nitrite combined or individually in drinking water. The method involves the following steps: • Reduction of nitrate in a sample to nitrite using a non-hazardous proprietary reagent; • Diazotizing the nitrite originally in the sample plus the reduced nitrate with sulfanilamide followed by coupling with N-(1-napthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride under acidic conditions to form a highly colored azo dye; • Colorimetric determination in which the absorbance of color at 546nm is directly proportional to the concentration of the nitrite plus the reduced nitrate in the sample; • Measurement of nitrite individually by analysis of the sample while eliminating the reduction step; and • Subtraction of the nitrite value from that of the combined nitrate plus nitrite value to determine nitrate individually. Approved methods for nitrate and nitrite are listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1). An inter-laboratory study (Systea Scientific, LLC. 2008) was conducted to compare the performance characteristics of the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method to the characteristics of the EPA Method 353.2 (USEPA 1993b) and Standard Method 4500–NO3¥ F–00 (APHA 1997), which are listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) for nitrate and nitrite. Ten laboratories analyzed a variety of sample matrices using approved methods. The samples were also analyzed using the Systea Easy (1Reagent) Nitrate Method. EPA has determined that the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method is equally effective relative to EPA Method 353.2 and Standard Method 4500–NO3¥ F–00, which are already promulgated in the regulations. The basis for this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009d. The method is a ‘‘green’’ alternative to other approved methods, which use cadmium, a known carcinogen, for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. EPA is approving this method for determining nitrate and nitrite concentrations in drinking water to comply with 40 CFR 141.23. Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method (Systea Scientific, LLC. 2009) can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained from Systea Scientific, LLC, 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523, Phone: (630) 645–0600. 5. Method ME355.01. ‘‘Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace’’ (Eaton 2009) uses direct headspace injection after acidification followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 38352 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations Spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine the concentration of cyanide, as free cyanide, in drinking water. The method involves the following steps: • Acidification of the sample; • Heating the sample to 60 degrees Celsius with agitation; • Direct injection of 1 milliliter of headspace onto the nitrogen cooled cryotrap; and • Analysis using temperature programmed GC/MS. The performance characteristics of Method ME355.01 were determined in three laboratories by replicate analyses of fortified samples (Wendelken 2009e). The results were compared to the characteristics of EPA Method 335.4 (USEPA 1993c) and Standard Method 4500–CN¥ F–99 (APHA 1999) listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) for cyanide. EPA has determined that Method ME355.01 is equally effective relative to each of these two methods. The basis for this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009e. Therefore, EPA is approving this method for determining cyanide concentrations in drinking water to comply with 40 CFR 141.23. Method ME335.01 can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained from James Eaton, PhD, H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333, Phone: (207) 187– 2727. sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews As noted above, under the terms of SDWA Section 1401(1), this streamlined method approval action is not a rule. Accordingly, the Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply because this action is not a rule for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3). Similarly, this action is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act because it is not subject to notice and comment requirements under the Administrative Procedure Act or any other statute. In addition, because this approval action is not a rule but simply makes alternative (optional) testing methods available for monitoring under SDWA, EPA has concluded that other statutes and executive orders generally applicable to rulemaking do not apply to this approval action. V. References American Public Health Association (APHA), 2000. Standard Method 4500– NO3¥ F–00. Automated Cadmium Reduction Method. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 2000. Standard Methods Online. (Available at https://www.standardmethods.org.) VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 American Public Health Association (APHA), 1999. Standard Method 4500– CN¥ F–99. Cyanide-Selective Electrode Method. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 1999. Standard Methods Online. (Available at https:// www.standardmethods.org.) Eaton, J. 2009. Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace. May 26, 2009. H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (Available at https:// www.nemi.gov.) Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008a. Mitchell ATP Submission for Changes in Method 180.1 Using Laser Determination of Turbidity by Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5271, Validation Study Report, Revision 1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008b. Mitchell ATP Submission for Changes in Method 180.1 Using LED Determination of Turbidity by Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5331, Validation Study Report, Revision 1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009a. Mitchell Method M5271, Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry, March 5, 2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009b. Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, March 5, 2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) Munch, D., 2009. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited approval of EPA Method 524.3. May 22, 2009. Systea Scientific, LLC., 2008. Validation Study Report for New Method Approval of Nitrate Analysis in Wastewater and Drinking Water Utilizing Systea Scientific, LLC NonHazardous Proprietary Reagent R1, Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate 0.050–10 mg/L. September 15, 2008. 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523. Systea Scientific, LLC., 2009. Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method, February 4, 2009. 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) Thermo Scientific, 2009. Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, May 8, 2009. 166 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1993a. EPA Method 180.1, Revision 2.0, ‘‘Determination of PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 Turbidity by Nephelometry’’ in Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/600/R–93/100. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1993b. EPA Method 353.2, Revision 2.0, ‘‘Determination of NitrateNitrite Nitrogen by Automated Colorimetry’’ in Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/600/R– 93/100. (Available at https:// www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1993c. EPA Method 335.4, Revision 1.0, ‘‘Determination of Total Cyanide by Semi-Automated Colorimetry’’ in Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/600/R– 93/100. (Available at https:// www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1995a. EPA Method 524.2, Revision 4.1, ‘‘Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry’’ in Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water—Supplement III, EPA/600/R–95– 131. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1995b. EPA Method 502.2, Revision 2.1, ‘‘Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors in Series’’ in Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water—Supplement III, EPA/600/R–95– 131. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1995c. EPA Method 551.1, Revision 1.0, ‘‘Determination of Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and Halogenated Pesticides/Herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron-Capture Detection’’ in Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water—Supplement III, EPA/600/R–95–131. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 1995d. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1, ‘‘1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB), 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro-Propane (DBCP), and 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (123TCP) in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography’’ in Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water— Supplement III, EPA/600/R–95–131. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.) USEPA. 2007. Expedited Approval of Test Procedures for the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and Sampling Procedures. 72 FR 17902. April 10, 2007. E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations USEPA. 2008. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and Sampling Procedures. 73 FR 31616. June 3, 2008. USEPA. 2009. EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0. Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry, EPA 815–B–09–009. June 2009. (Available at https://epa.gov/ safewater/methods/ analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.) Wendelken, S., 2009a. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5271. May 29, 2009. Wendelken, S., 2009b. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5331. May 29, 2009. Wendelken, S., 2009c. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation of 38353 Thermo Scientific/Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0 and basis for expedited approval. May 29, 2009. Wendelken, S., 2009d. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited approval of Systea Easy (1–Reagent) Nitrate Method. May 29, 2009. Wendelken, S., 2009e. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation of Method ME355.01 and basis for expedited approval. May 29, 2009. Zaffiro, A.D, Prakash, B. and Zimmerman, M., 2009. EPA Method 524.3 Research Summary, Shaw Environmental, Cincinnati OH. June 2009. Dated: July 9, 2009. Michael H. Shapiro, Acting Assistant Administrator, Office of Water. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141 Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141— Alternative Testing Methods Approved for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking Water Act For the reasons stated in the preamble, 40 CFR part 141 is amended as follows: ■ PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS 1. The authority citation for part 141 continues to read as follows: ■ Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g–1, 300j–4, and 300j–9. 2. Subpart C is amended by revising Appendix A to read as follows: ■ Environmental protection, Chemicals, Indians—lands, Intergovernmental relations, Radiation protection, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Water supply. Only the editions stated in the following table are approved. ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.21(f)(3) SM 21st edition 1 Organism Methodology Total Coliforms ........................ Total Coliform Fermentation Technique .................................................................................. Total Coliform Membrane Filter Technique ............................................................................. Presence-Absence (P–A) Coliform Test ................................................................................. ONPG–MUG Test .................................................................................................................... 9221 A, B 9222 A, B, C 9221 D 9223 ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) Contaminant Methodology Alkalinity .......... Antimony ......... Titrimetric .................................. Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Hydride Atomic Absorption ....... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Atomic Absorption; Direct ......... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). EDTA titrimetric ........................ Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration. Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Arsenic ............ Barium ............. Beryllium .......... Cadmium ......... sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES Calcium ........... Chromium ........ VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 SM 21st edition 1 EPA method PO 00000 SM online 3 ASTM 4 2320 B 3113 B 200.5, Revision 4.2 2. 3113 B 3114 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3120 B 3111 D 3113 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3120 B 3113 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3113 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3500–Ca B 3111 B 3120 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3120 B 3113 B Frm 00031 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 Other 38354 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)—Continued Contaminant Methodology Copper ............. Conductivity ..... Cyanide ........... Fluoride ........... Lead ................ Magnesium ...... Mercury ........... Nickel ............... Nitrate .............. Nitrite ............... Orthophosphate sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES pH .................... Selenium ......... Silica ................ VerDate Nov<24>2008 Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration. Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Conductance ............................. Manual Distillation followed by Spectrophotometric, Amenable. Spectrophotometric Manual .. Selective Electrode ................... Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Headspace. Ion Chromatography ................. Manual Distillation; Colorimetric SPADNS. Manual Electrode ...................... Automated Alizarin ................... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption .................... Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Complexation Titrimetric Methods. Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Manual, Cold Vapor .................. Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Atomic Absorption; Direct ......... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Ion Chromatography ................. Automated Cadmium Reduction Manual Cadmium Reduction .... Ion Selective Electrode ............. Reduction/Colorimetric ............. SM 21st edition 1 EPA method SM online 3 ASTM 4 Other 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3113 B 3111 B 3120 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 2510 B 4500–CN¥ G D2036–06 A D2036–06 B 4500–CN¥ E 4500–CN¥ F D2036–06 A ME355.01 7 4110 B 4500–F¥ B, D 4500–F¥ C 4500–F¥ E 3113 B D1179–04 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3111 B 3120 B 3500–Mg B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3112 3120 3111 3113 B B B B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 4110 B 4500–NO3¥ F 4500–NO3¥ E 4500–NO3¥ D Systea Easy (1-Reagent) 8 Ion Chromatography ................. Automated Cadmium Reduction Manual Cadmium Reduction .... Spectrophotometric ................... Reduction/Colorimetric ............. 4110 B 4500–NO3¥ F 4500–NO3¥ E 4500–NO2¥ B Ion Chromatography ................. Colorimetric, ascorbic acid, single reagent. Colorimetric, Automated, Ascorbic Acid. Electrometric ............................. Hydride-Atomic Absorption ....... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ..... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Colorimetric ............................... Molybdosilicate ......................... Heteropoly blue ........................ Automated for Molybdate-reactive Silica. 4110 B 4500–P E 4500–P E–99 4500–P F 4500–P F–99 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 PO 00000 Systea Easy (1-Reagent) 8 4500–H+ B 3114 B 3113 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. D859–05 4500–SiO2 C 4500–SiO2 D 4500–SiO2 E Frm 00032 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 38355 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)—Continued Contaminant Methodology SM online 3 ASTM 4 200.5, Revision 4.2. Sodium ............ Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Inductively Coupled Plasma ..... Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration. Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Thermometric ............................ SM 21st edition 1 EPA method Temperature .... Other 3120 B 3111 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 2550 ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1) Contaminant Methodology Benzene .................................. Carbon tetrachloride ............... Chlorobenzene ........................ 1,2-Dichlorobenzene ............... 1,4-Dichlorobenzene ............... 1,2-Dichloroethane .................. cis-Dichloroethylene ................ Trans-Dichloroethylene ........... Dichloromethane ..................... 1,2-Dichloropropane ............... Ethylbenzene .......................... Styrene .................................... Tetrachloroethylene ................ 1,1,1-Trichloroethane .............. Trichloroethylene .................... Toluene ................................... 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene ........... 1,1-Dichloroethylene ............... 1,1,2-Trichlorethane ................ Vinyl chloride .......................... Xylenes (total) ......................... Carbofuran .............................. Dibromochloropropane (DBCP). Ethyl dibromide (EDB) ............ Oxamyl .................................... Total Trihalomethanes ............ EPA method ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ post- 524.3 Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ........ High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection. Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ........ SM online 3 524.3 9 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 524.3 ........ SM 21st edition 1 524.3 Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with column derivatization and fluorescence detection. Purge & Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry 6610 B 6610 B–04 6610 B 6610 B–04 524.3 ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.25(a) Contaminant Naturally Occurring: Gross alpha and beta ........................................... Gross alpha ........................................................... Radium 226 ........................................................... Evaporation .................................................................. Coprecipitation ............................................................. Radon emanation ......................................................... Radiochemical .............................................................. Radiochemical .............................................................. Radiochemical .............................................................. ICP–MS ........................................................................ Alpha spectrometry ...................................................... Radioactive Iodine ................................................. Radiochemical .............................................................. Gamma Ray Spectrometry .......................................... Radiochemical .............................................................. Radioactive Strontium 89, 90 ................................ Tritium ................................................................... Gamma Ray Spectrometry .......................................... Radiochemical .............................................................. Liquid Scintillation ........................................................ 7500–Cs B 7120 7500–I B 7500–I C 7500–I D 7120 7500–Sr B 7500–3H B ASTM 4 7110 B 7110 C 7500–Ra C 7500–Ra B 7500–Ra D 7500–U B Radium 228 ........................................................... Uranium ................................................................. sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES SM 21st edition 1 Methodology Man-Made: Radioactive Cesium .............................................. VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 D5673–05 7500–U C 38356 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.25(a)—Continued Contaminant SM 21st edition 1 Methodology Gamma Emitters ................................................... Gamma Ray Spectrometry .......................................... ASTM 4 7120 7500–Cs B 7500–I B ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1) SM 21st edition 1 Organism Methodology Total Coliform .................. Total Coliform Fermentation Technique ............................................................ Total Coliform Membrane Filter Technique ...................................................... ONPG–MUG Test ............................................................................................. Fecal Coliform Procedure ................................................................................. Fecal Coliform Filter Procedure ........................................................................ Pour Plate Method ............................................................................................ Nephelometric Method ...................................................................................... Laser Nephelometry (on-line) ............................................................................ LED Nephelometry (on-line) .............................................................................. LED Nephelometry (portable) ........................................................................... Fecal Coliforms ............... Heterotrophic bacteria ..... Turbidity .......................... 9221 9222 9223 9221 9222 9215 2130 Other A, B, C A, B, C E D B B Mitchell M527110 Mitchell M5331 11 Orion AQ4500 12 ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.74(a)(2) SM 21st edition 1 Residual Methodology Free Chlorine ........................... Amperometric Titration ................................................................................................................ DPD Ferrous Titrimetric .............................................................................................................. DPD Colorimetric ........................................................................................................................ Syringaldazine (FACTS) ............................................................................................................. Amperometric Titration ................................................................................................................ Amperometric Titration (Low level measurement) ...................................................................... DPD Ferrous Titrimetric .............................................................................................................. DPD Colorimetric ........................................................................................................................ Iodometric Electrode ................................................................................................................... Amperometric Titration ................................................................................................................ Amperometric Titration ................................................................................................................ Indigo Method ............................................................................................................................. Total Chlorine ........................... Chlorine Dioxide ....................... Ozone ....................................... 4500–Cl D 4500–Cl F 4500–Cl G 4500–Cl H 4500–Cl D 4500–Cl E 4500–Cl F 4500–Cl G 4500–Cl I 4500–ClO2 C 4500–ClO2 E 4500–O3 B ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1) Contaminant Methodology EPA method TTHM .......................................................................... HAA5 .......................................................................... Chlorite—daily monitoring as prescribed in 40 CFR 141.132(b)(2)(i)(A). P&T/GC/MS ................................................................ LLE (diazomethane)/GC/ECD .................................... Amperometric Titration ............................................... SM 21st edition 1 524.3 9 6251 B 4500–ClO2 E ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(c)(1) SM 21st edition 1 Residual Methodology Free Chlorine .......................... Amperometric Titration ............................................................................................................ DPD Ferrous Titrimetric ........................................................................................................... DPD Colorimetric ..................................................................................................................... Syringaldazine (FACTS) .......................................................................................................... Amperometric Titration ............................................................................................................ DPD Ferrous Titrimetric ........................................................................................................... DPD Colorimetric ..................................................................................................................... Amperometric Titration ............................................................................................................ Low level Amperometric Titration ............................................................................................ DPD Ferrous Titrimetric ........................................................................................................... DPD Colorimetric ..................................................................................................................... Iodometric Electrode ................................................................................................................ Amperometric Method II .......................................................................................................... sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES Combined Chlorine ................. Total Chlorine ......................... Chlorine Dioxide ..................... VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 4500–Cl D 4500–Cl F 4500–Cl G 4500–Cl H 4500–Cl D 4500–Cl F 4500–Cl G 4500–Cl D 4500–Cl E 4500–Cl F 4500–Cl G 4500–Cl I 4500–ClO2 E 38357 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(c)(2), IF APPROVED BY THE STATE Residual Methodology Method Free Chlorine .......................... Test Strips ............................................................................................................................... Method D99–003 5 ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR PARAMETERS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.131(d) SM 21st edition 1 Parameter Methodology Total Organic Carbon (TOC) .................. High Temperature Combustion ............................................................................... Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated Persulfate Oxidation ............................................. Wet Oxidation .......................................................................................................... Calculation using DOC and UV254 data .................................................................. High Temperature Combustion ............................................................................... Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated Persulfate Oxidation ............................................. Wet Oxidation .......................................................................................................... Spectrophotometry ................................................................................................... Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA) Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) ... Ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm (UV254). 5310 B 5310 C 5310 D 5310 5310 5310 5910 B C D B ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2) SM 20th edition 6 Organism Methodology E. coli ..................................... Colilert .................................................................................... Colisure .................................................................................. Colilert-18 ............................................................................... Multiple-Tube Technique ........................................................ Enterococci ............................ SM 21st edition 1 9223 B 9223 B 9223 B 9223 B SM online 3 9223 9223 9223 9230 B–97 B–97 B–97 B–04 ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 141.704(b) SM 20th edition 6 Organism Methodology E. coli ............................ Membrane Filtration, Two Step ......................................................................................................... 9222 D/9222 G ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 143.4(b) Methodology EPA method Aluminum ......... Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Direct ..................................... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ................................. Inductively Coupled Plasma ................................. Silver Nitrate Titration ........................................... Ion Chromatography ............................................. Potentiometric Titration ......................................... Visual Comparison ................................................ Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) ........ Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Direct ..................................... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ................................. Inductively Coupled Plasma ................................. Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Direct ..................................... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ................................. Inductively Coupled Plasma ................................. Threshold Odor Test ............................................. Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Direct ..................................... Atomic Absorption; Furnace ................................. Inductively Coupled Plasma ................................. Ion Chromatography ............................................. Gravimetric with ignition of residue ...................... Gravimetric with drying of residue ........................ Turbidimetric method ............................................ SM 21st edition 1 3111 D 3113 B 3120 B 4500–Cl¥ B 4110 B 4500–Cl¥ D 2120 B 5540 C SM online 3 200.5, Revision 4.2 2. Chloride ............ Color ................. Foaming Agents Iron ................... Manganese ...... Odor ................. Silver ................ sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES ASTM 4 D 512–04 B Contaminant Sulfate .............. VerDate Nov<24>2008 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 PO 00000 Frm 00035 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3111 B 3113 B 3120 B 200.5, Revision 4.2. 3111 3113 3120 2150 B B B B 200.5, Revision 4.2. Fmt 4700 3111 B 3113 B 3120 B 4110 B 4500–SO4¥2 C 4500–SO4¥2 D 4500–SO4¥2 E Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 4500–SO4¥2 C–97 4500–SO4¥2 D–97 4500–SO4¥2 E–97 38358 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 147 / Monday, August 3, 2009 / Rules and Regulations ALTERNATIVE TESTING METHODS FOR CONTAMINANTS LISTED AT 40 CFR 143.4(b)—Continued Contaminant Methodology sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with RULES Total Dissolved Solids. Zinc .................. ASTM 4 Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP–AES). Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration .................... Inductively Coupled Plasma ................................. 15:47 Jul 31, 2009 Jkt 217001 4500–SO4¥2 F–97 3111 B 3120 B BILLING CODE S DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Federal Emergency Management Agency 44 CFR Part 64 [Docket ID FEMA–2008–0020; Internal Agency Docket No. FEMA–8085] Suspension of Community Eligibility AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This rule identifies communities, where the sale of flood insurance has been authorized under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), that are scheduled for suspension on the effective dates listed within this rule because of noncompliance with the floodplain management requirements of the program. If the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) receives documentation that the community has adopted the required floodplain management measures prior to the effective suspension date given in this rule, the suspension will not occur and a notice of this will be provided by publication in the Federal Register on a subsequent date. DATES: Effective Dates: The effective date of each community’s scheduled suspension is the third date (‘‘Susp.’’) listed in the third column of the following tables. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you want to determine whether a particular community was suspended Frm 00036 SM online 3 200.5, Revision 4.2. https://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. 12 Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. ‘‘Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,’’ May 8, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915, https://www.thermo.com. [FR Doc. E9–18361 Filed 7–31–09; 8:45 am] PO 00000 SM 21st edition 1 4500–SO4¥2 F 2540 C Automated methylthymol blue method ................. Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 180 deg C .......... 1 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001–3710. 2 EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. ‘‘Determination of Trace Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry.’’ 2003. EPA/600/R– 06/115. (Available at https://www.epa.gov/ nerlcwww/ordmeth.htm.) 3 Standard Methods Online are available at https://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods Committee is designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used. 4 Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959 or https://astm.org. The methods listed are the only alternative versions that may be used. 5 Method D99–003, Revision 3.0. ‘‘Free Chlorine Species (HOCl¥ and OCl¥) by Test Strip,’’ November 21, 2003. Available from Industrial Test Systems, Inc., 1875 Langston St., Rock Hill, SC 29730. 6 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001–3710. 7 Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. ‘‘Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace,’’ May 26, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from James Eaton, H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (207) 287– 2727. 8 Systea Easy (1-Reagent). ‘‘Systea Easy (1Reagent) Nitrate Method,’’ February 4, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Systea Scientific, LLC., 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523. 9 EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. ‘‘Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry,’’ June 2009. EPA 815–B–09–009. Available at https://epa.gov/safewater/methods/ analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html. 10 Mitchell Method M5271, Revision 1.1. ‘‘Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry,’’ March 5, 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507. 11 Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.1. ‘‘Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,’’ March 5, 2009. Available at VerDate Nov<24>2008 EPA method Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 on the suspension date or for further information, contact David Stearrett, Mitigation Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C Street, SW., Washington, DC 20472, (202) 646–2953. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The NFIP enables property owners to purchase flood insurance which is generally not otherwise available. In return, communities agree to adopt and administer local floodplain management aimed at protecting lives and new construction from future flooding. Section 1315 of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 4022, prohibits flood insurance coverage as authorized under the NFIP, 42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq.; unless an appropriate public body adopts adequate floodplain management measures with effective enforcement measures. The communities listed in this document no longer meet that statutory requirement for compliance with program regulations, 44 CFR part 59. Accordingly, the communities will be suspended on the effective date in the third column. As of that date, flood insurance will no longer be available in the community. However, some of these communities may adopt and submit the required documentation of legally enforceable floodplain management measures after this rule is published but prior to the actual suspension date. These communities will not be suspended and will continue their eligibility for the sale of insurance. A notice withdrawing the suspension of the communities will be published in the Federal Register. In addition, FEMA has identified the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs) in these communities by publishing a Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). The date of the FIRM, if one has been published, is indicated in the fourth column of the table. No direct Federal financial assistance (except assistance pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act not in connection with a flood) may legally be provided for construction or acquisition of buildings E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1

Agencies

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 147 (Monday, August 3, 2009)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 38348-38358]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-18361]

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 141

[EPA-HQ-OW-2009-0345; FRL-8930-8]

Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the
Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis
and Sampling Procedures

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This action announces the Environmental Protection Agency's
(EPA's) approval of alternative testing methods for use in measuring
the levels of contaminants in drinking water and determining compliance
with national primary drinking water regulations. The Safe Drinking
Water Act (SDWA) authorizes EPA to approve the use of alternative
testing methods through publication in the Federal Register. EPA is
using this streamlined authority to make six additional methods
available for analyzing drinking water samples required by regulation.
This expedited approach provides public water systems, laboratories,
and primacy agencies with more timely access to new

[[Page 38349]]

measurement techniques and greater flexibility in the selection of
analytical methods, thereby reducing monitoring costs while maintaining
public health protection.

DATES: This action is effective August 3, 2009.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800) 426-
4791 or Patricia Snyder Fair, Technical Support Center, Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water (MS 140), Environmental Protection
Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268;
telephone number: (513) 569-7937; e-mail address: fair.pat@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. Does This Action Apply to Me?

Public water systems are the regulated entities required to measure
contaminants in drinking water samples. In addition, EPA Regions as
well as States and Tribal governments with authority to administer the
regulatory program for public water systems under SDWA may also measure
contaminants in water samples. When EPA sets a monitoring requirement
in its national primary drinking water regulations for a given
contaminant, the Agency also establishes in the regulations
standardized test procedures for analysis of the contaminant. This
action makes alternative testing methods available for particular
drinking water contaminants beyond the testing methods currently
established in the regulations. EPA is providing public water systems
required to test water samples with a choice of using either a test
procedure already established in the existing regulations or an
alternative test procedure that has been approved in this action.
Categories and entities that may ultimately be affected by this action
include:

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Examples of
Category potentially regulated NAICS \1\
entities
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State, Local, & Tribal Governments. States, local and 924110
tribal governments
that analyze water
samples on behalf of
public water systems
required to conduct
such analysis;
States, local and
tribal governments
that themselves
operate community and
non-transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
Industry........................... Private operators of 221310
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
Municipalities..................... Municipal operators of 924110
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ North American Industry Classification System.

This table is not exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for
readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this action. This
table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware could
potentially be affected by this action. Other types of entities not
listed in the table could also be impacted. To determine whether your
facility is affected by this action, you should carefully examine the
applicability language at 40 CFR 141.2 (definition of public water
system). If you have questions regarding the applicability of this
action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related Information?

1. Docket. EPA established a docket for this action under Docket ID
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2009-0345. Publicly available docket materials are
available either electronically through www.regulations.gov or in hard
copy at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center, (EPA/DC) EPA West,
Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. Copyrighted
materials are available only in hard copy. The EPA Docket Center Public
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through
Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Water
Docket is (202) 566-2426.
2. Electronic Access. You may access this Federal Register document
electronically through the EPA Internet under the ``Federal Register''
listings at https://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Action
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
DBCP: Dibromochloropropane
EDB: Ethylene Dibromide
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency
GC: Gas Chromatography
LED: Light-Emitting Diode
MS: Mass Spectrometry
NEMI: National Environmental Methods Index
nm: Nanometers
SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act

Table of Contents

I. General Information
A. Does This Action Apply to Me?
B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related
Information?
II. Background
A. What Is the Purpose of This Action?
B. What Is the Basis for This Action?
III. Summary of Approvals
A. Methods Developed by EPA
B. Methods Developed by Vendors
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
V. References

II. Background

A. What Is the Purpose of This Action?

In this action, EPA is approving six analytical methods for
determining contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA.
Regulated parties required to sample and monitor may use either the
testing methods already established in existing regulations or the
alternative testing methods being approved in this action. The new
methods are listed in Appendix A to Subpart C in 40 CFR 141 and on
EPA's drinking water methods Web site at https://www.epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_expedited.html.

B. What Is the Basis for This Action?

When EPA determines an alternative analytical method is ``equally
effective'' (i.e., as effective as a method that has already been
promulgated in the regulations), SDWA allows EPA to approve the use of
the alternative method through publication in the Federal Register. See
Section 1401(1) of SDWA. EPA is using this streamlined approval
authority to make six additional methods available for determining
contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA. EPA has
determined that, for each contaminant or group of contaminants listed
in Section III, the additional testing methods being approved in this
action are equally as effective as one or more of the testing methods
already established in the regulations for those contaminants. Section
1401(1) states that the newly approved methods ``shall be treated as

[[Page 38350]]

an alternative for public water systems to the quality control and
testing procedures listed in the regulation.'' Accordingly, this action
makes these additional (and optional) six analytical methods legally
available for meeting EPA's monitoring requirements.
This action does not add regulatory language, but does, for
informational purposes, update an appendix to the regulations at 40 CFR
part 141 that lists all methods approved under Section 1401(1) of SDWA.
Accordingly, while this action is not a rule, it is updating CFR text
and therefore is being published in the ``Final Rules'' section of this
Federal Register.
EPA described this expedited methods approval process in an April
10, 2007, Federal Register notice (72 FR 17902) (USEPA 2007) and
announced its intent to begin using the process. EPA published the
first set of approvals in a June 3, 2008, Federal Register notice (73
FR 31616) (USEPA 2008) and added Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart
C. This action adds six additional methods to Appendix A to Subpart C.

III. Summary of Approvals

EPA is approving six methods that are equally effective relative to
methods previously promulgated in the regulations. By means of this
notice, these six methods are added to Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 141,
Subpart C. For convenience of the reader, the revised Appendix A in its
entirety is shown below. However, the only change made to Appendix A
through this action is the inclusion of these six additional methods as
described in this preamble.

A. Methods Developed by EPA

EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. This is a gas chromatography/mass
spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of purgeable organic
compounds in finished drinking waters. The method analytes are purged
from the water sample using helium and trapped on a sorbent material.
After purging, the trap is heated and back flushed with helium to
transfer the analytes to a capillary GC column. Compounds eluting from
the GC are directed into a mass spectrometer for mass analysis and
detection. The analytes are identified by comparing the acquired mass
spectra and retention times to reference spectra and retention times
for calibration standards acquired under identical GC/MS conditions.
The concentration of each target analyte is calculated using the
internal standard technique and response curves obtained via procedural
calibration. The expansion of the method to include the option of
selective ion monitoring makes this method sufficiently sensitive to
measure dibromochloropropane (DBCP) and ethylene dibromide (EDB) at the
concentrations required for drinking water compliance monitoring.
EPA Method 524.3 is an updated version of EPA Method 524.2,
Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a), which is currently approved for analyses of
compliance samples for 21 volatile organic contaminants and total
trihalomethanes. The method development work is described in the method
research summary (Zaffiro et al. 2009). The advantages of the new
method include:
Use of maleic acid, a common food preservative, to
preserve samples, eliminating the requirement to ship a hazardous
reagent (hydrochloric acid) to the field;
Incorporation of features that allow users to take
advantage of modern instrumentation to improve speed and data quality;
Increased flexibility in selection of method operating
parameters; and
Addition of Method 524.3 as an approved method for DBCP
and EDB.
Approved methods for volatile organic contaminants and total
trihalomethanes are listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e). EPA Methods 502.2;
Revision 2.1 (USEPA 1995b) and 524.2; Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a) are
approved for benzene; carbon tetrachloride; chlorobenzene; 1,2-
dichlorobenzene; 1,4-dichlorobenzene; 1,2-dichloroethane; cis-
dichloroethylene; trans-dichloroethylene; dichloromethane; 1,2-
dichloropropane; ethylbenzene; styrene; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1-
trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; toluene; 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene;
1,1-dichloroethylene; 1,1,2-trichlorethane; vinyl chloride; xylenes
(total--measured as sum of o-xylene; m-xylene and p-xylene); and total
trihalomethanes (sum of chloroform; bromodichloromethane;
dibromochloromethane; and bromoform). EPA Method 551.1 (USEPA 1995c) is
approved for carbon tetrachloride; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1-
trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; EDB; DBCP; and total
trihalomethanes. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1 (USEPA 1995d) is
approved for EDB and DBCP. Approved methods for total trihalomethanes
are also listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1). For each of the 24
contaminants, the performance characteristics of EPA Method 524.3 were
compared to the characteristics of each of the methods currently listed
in the regulations as approved for that contaminant (Munch 2009). EPA
has determined that, for each of the 24 contaminants, EPA Method 524.3
is equally as effective for measuring the contaminant as the methods
currently listed in the regulations as approved for that contaminant.
The basis for this determination is discussed in Munch 2009. EPA is
therefore approving use of Method 524.3 for the above named 24
contaminants when analyzing drinking water compliance samples.
EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0 (USEPA 2009) can be accessed and
downloaded directly on-line at https://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.

B. Methods Developed by Vendors

1. Mitchell Method M5271. Mitchell Method M5271 (Mitchell 2009a)
uses laser nephelometry to measure turbidity in drinking water. The
method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by
the sample under defined conditions with the intensity of light
scattered by a standard reference suspension. Readings are made using
an on-line laser nephelometer with the following design criteria:
Laser light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal
wavelength of 650 30nm;
Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed
1.5 degrees in the measurement area;
Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light
does not exceed 10cm;
Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 1.5
degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed
30 degrees from 90 degrees; and
Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog
windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are
immersed in the sample stream.
Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5271
were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method
180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008a)
summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series
at three different public water systems. One water system used ground
water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements
included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water
plants.
EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5271 is equally
effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in
the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this
determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009a. Therefore, EPA is
approving the Mitchell Method M5271 for determining turbidity in
drinking

[[Page 38351]]

water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from the National
Environmental Methods Index (NEMI) at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained
by contacting Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr.,
Grand Junction, CO 81507.
2. Mitchell Method M5331. Mitchell Method M5331 (Mitchell 2009b)
uses light-emitting diode (LED) nephelometry to measure turbidity in
drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of
light scattered by the sample under defined conditions with the
intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension.
Readings are made using an on-line LED nephelometer with the following
design criteria:
LED light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal
wavelength of 525 15nm;
Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed
1.5 degrees in the measurement area;
Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light
does not exceed 10cm;
Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 1.5
degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed
30 degrees from 90 degrees; and
Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog
windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are
immersed in the sample stream.
Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5331
were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method
180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008b)
summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series
at three different public water systems. One water system used ground
water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements
included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water
plants.
EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5331 is equally
effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in
the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this
determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009b. Therefore, EPA is
approving it for determining turbidity in drinking water. A copy of the
method can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained
from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand
Junction, CO 81507.
3. Orion Method AQ4500. Thermo Scientific's Orion Method AQ4500
(Thermo Scientific 2009) uses LED nephelometry to measure turbidity in
drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of
light scattered by the sample at 90 degrees to the beam path with the
intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension.
Readings are made using a portable LED nephelometer with the following
design criteria:
White LED light source emits broadband light having peak
intensities in the 400nm to 600nm range;
Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light
does not exceed 10cm;
Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 degrees to the
incident light path and the light cone does not exceed 30
degrees from 90 degrees. The detector has spectral peak response
between 400nm and 600nm;
Pulsed light allows for synchronous detection, a technique
by which ambient stray light leakage, as well as other electronic
induced errors, are effectively cancelled out; and
Color compensation is achieved using a dual-beam system
with two photo detectors.
Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Thermo Scientific's
Orion Method AQ4500 were compared to the performance characteristics of
EPA Method 180.1 (USEPA 1993a) listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1) for
measurement of turbidity. Two rounds of testing were conducted
(Wendelken 2009c). The first was an ASTM round robin study comparing
results from analyses of 28 samples of various types using
turbidimeters with tungsten filament light sources as specified in EPA
Method 180.1 and white LEDs as specified in Thermo Scientific Orion
Method AQ4500. A second study involved demonstration of performance at
turbidities below 2 nephelometric turbidity units.
EPA has determined that Thermo Scientific's Orion Method AQ4500 is
equally effective relative to EPA Method 180.1, which is already
promulgated in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for
this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009c. Therefore, EPA is
approving Method AQ4500 for the measurement of turbidity in drinking
water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center,
Beverly, MA 01915, Phone: (800) 225-1480, www.thermo.com.
4. Systea Easy (1-Reagent). Systea Scientific, LLC's Systea Easy
(1-Reagent) Nitrate Method uses automated discreet analysis by
spectrophotometry to determine concentrations of nitrate and nitrite
combined or individually in drinking water. The method involves the
following steps:
Reduction of nitrate in a sample to nitrite using a non-
hazardous proprietary reagent;
Diazotizing the nitrite originally in the sample plus the
reduced nitrate with sulfanilamide followed by coupling with N-(1-
napthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride under acidic conditions to form
a highly colored azo dye;
Colorimetric determination in which the absorbance of
color at 546nm is directly proportional to the concentration of the
nitrite plus the reduced nitrate in the sample;
Measurement of nitrite individually by analysis of the
sample while eliminating the reduction step; and
Subtraction of the nitrite value from that of the combined
nitrate plus nitrite value to determine nitrate individually.
Approved methods for nitrate and nitrite are listed at 40 CFR
141.23(k)(1). An inter-laboratory study (Systea Scientific, LLC. 2008)
was conducted to compare the performance characteristics of the Systea
Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method to the characteristics of the EPA
Method 353.2 (USEPA 1993b) and Standard Method 4500-
NO3^- F-00 (APHA 1997), which are listed at 40 CFR
141.23(k)(1) for nitrate and nitrite. Ten laboratories analyzed a
variety of sample matrices using approved methods. The samples were
also analyzed using the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method.
EPA has determined that the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method
is equally effective relative to EPA Method 353.2 and Standard Method
4500-NO3^- F-00, which are already promulgated in
the regulations. The basis for this determination is discussed in
Wendelken 2009d. The method is a ``green'' alternative to other
approved methods, which use cadmium, a known carcinogen, for the
reduction of nitrate to nitrite. EPA is approving this method for
determining nitrate and nitrite concentrations in drinking water to
comply with 40 CFR 141.23.
Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method (Systea Scientific, LLC.
2009) can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov or obtained
from Systea Scientific, LLC, 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL
60523, Phone: (630) 645-0600.
5. Method ME355.01. ``Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by
GC/MS Headspace'' (Eaton 2009) uses direct headspace injection after
acidification followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass

[[Page 38352]]

Spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine the concentration of cyanide, as free
cyanide, in drinking water. The method involves the following steps:
Acidification of the sample;
Heating the sample to 60 degrees Celsius with agitation;
Direct injection of 1 milliliter of headspace onto the
nitrogen cooled cryotrap; and
Analysis using temperature programmed GC/MS.
The performance characteristics of Method ME355.01 were determined
in three laboratories by replicate analyses of fortified samples
(Wendelken 2009e). The results were compared to the characteristics of
EPA Method 335.4 (USEPA 1993c) and Standard Method 4500-CN^-
F-99 (APHA 1999) listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) for cyanide. EPA has
determined that Method ME355.01 is equally effective relative to each
of these two methods. The basis for this determination is discussed in
Wendelken 2009e. Therefore, EPA is approving this method for
determining cyanide concentrations in drinking water to comply with 40
CFR 141.23.
Method ME335.01 can be downloaded from NEMI at https://www.nemi.gov
or obtained from James Eaton, PhD, H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State
Street, Augusta, ME 04333, Phone: (207) 187-2727.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

As noted above, under the terms of SDWA Section 1401(1), this
streamlined method approval action is not a rule. Accordingly, the
Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply
because this action is not a rule for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3).
Similarly, this action is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act
because it is not subject to notice and comment requirements under the
Administrative Procedure Act or any other statute. In addition, because
this approval action is not a rule but simply makes alternative
(optional) testing methods available for monitoring under SDWA, EPA has
concluded that other statutes and executive orders generally applicable
to rulemaking do not apply to this approval action.

V. References

American Public Health Association (APHA), 2000. Standard Method
4500-NO3^- F-00. Automated Cadmium Reduction
Method. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 2000. Standard Methods
Online. (Available at https://www.standardmethods.org.)
American Public Health Association (APHA), 1999. Standard Method
4500-CN^- F-99. Cyanide-Selective Electrode Method. Approved
by Standard Methods Committee 1999. Standard Methods Online. (Available
at https://www.standardmethods.org.)
Eaton, J. 2009. Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. Determination of
Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace. May 26, 2009. H & E
Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (Available at
https://www.nemi.gov.)
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008a. Mitchell ATP Submission for
Changes in Method 180.1 Using Laser Determination of Turbidity by
Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5271, Validation Study Report, Revision
1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO
81507.
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008b. Mitchell ATP Submission for
Changes in Method 180.1 Using LED Determination of Turbidity by
Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5331, Validation Study Report, Revision
1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO
81507.
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009a. Mitchell Method M5271,
Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry, March
5, 2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand
Junction, CO 81507. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009b. Mitchell Method M5331,
Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, March 5,
2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand
Junction, CO 81507. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
Munch, D., 2009. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of EPA Method 524.3. May 22, 2009.
Systea Scientific, LLC., 2008. Validation Study Report for New
Method Approval of Nitrate Analysis in Wastewater and Drinking Water
Utilizing Systea Scientific, LLC Non-Hazardous Proprietary Reagent R1,
Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate 0.050-10 mg/L. September 15, 2008. 900
Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
Systea Scientific, LLC., 2009. Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate
Method, February 4, 2009. 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL
60523. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
Thermo Scientific, 2009. Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0.
Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, May 8, 2009. 166
Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1993a. EPA Method 180.1, Revision 2.0, ``Determination of
Turbidity by Nephelometry'' in Methods for the Determination of
Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/600/R-93/100.
(Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1993b. EPA Method 353.2, Revision 2.0, ``Determination of
Nitrate-Nitrite Nitrogen by Automated Colorimetry'' in Methods for the
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/
600/R-93/100. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1993c. EPA Method 335.4, Revision 1.0, ``Determination of
Total Cyanide by Semi-Automated Colorimetry'' in Methods for the
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/
600/R-93/100. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995a. EPA Method 524.2, Revision 4.1, ``Measurement of
Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry'' in Methods for the Determination of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131.
(Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995b. EPA Method 502.2, Revision 2.1, ``Volatile Organic
Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas
Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity
Detectors in Series'' in Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131.
(Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995c. EPA Method 551.1, Revision 1.0, ``Determination of
Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and
Halogenated Pesticides/Herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid
Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron-Capture Detection'' in
Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995d. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1, ``1,2-Dibromoethane
(EDB), 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro-Propane (DBCP), and 1,2,3-Trichloropropane
(123TCP) in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography'' in
Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. (Available at https://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 2007. Expedited Approval of Test Procedures for the Analysis
of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and
Sampling Procedures. 72 FR 17902. April 10, 2007.

[[Page 38353]]

USEPA. 2008. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for
the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act;
Analysis and Sampling Procedures. 73 FR 31616. June 3, 2008.
USEPA. 2009. EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0. Measurement of Purgeable
Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry, EPA 815-B-09-009. June 2009. (Available at https://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.)
Wendelken, S., 2009a. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5271. May 29, 2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009b. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5331. May 29, 2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009c. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation
of Thermo Scientific/Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0 and basis for
expedited approval. May 29, 2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009d. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method. May 29,
2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009e. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation
of Method ME355.01 and basis for expedited approval. May 29, 2009.
Zaffiro, A.D, Prakash, B. and Zimmerman, M., 2009. EPA Method 524.3
Research Summary, Shaw Environmental, Cincinnati OH. June 2009.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141

Environmental protection, Chemicals, Indians--lands,
Intergovernmental relations, Radiation protection, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Water supply.

Dated: July 9, 2009.
Michael H. Shapiro,
Acting Assistant Administrator, Office of Water.

0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, 40 CFR part 141 is amended as
follows:

PART 141--NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS

0
1. The authority citation for part 141 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-1, 300j-4, and 300j-9.

0
2. Subpart C is amended by revising Appendix A to read as follows:

Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141--Alternative Testing Methods
Approved for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking Water Act

Only the editions stated in the following table are approved.

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR
141.21(f)(3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organism Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliforms.............. Total Coliform 9221 A, B
Fermentation
Technique.
Total Coliform 9222 A, B, C
Membrane Filter
Technique.
Presence-Absence 9221 D
(P-A) Coliform
Test.
ONPG-MUG Test... 9223
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology EPA method SM 21st edition \1\ SM online \3\ ASTM \4\ Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity................... Titrimetric..... 2320 B
Antimony..................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5,
inductively Revision 4.2
coupled plasma- \2\.
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Arsenic...................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Hydride Atomic 3114 B
Absorption.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Barium....................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3111 D
Absorption;
Direct.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Beryllium.................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Cadmium...................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Calcium...................... EDTA titrimetric 3500-Ca B
Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct
Aspiration.
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Chromium..................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.

[[Page 38354]]

Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Copper....................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct
Aspiration.
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Conductivity................. Conductance..... 2510 B
Cyanide...................... Manual .................... .................... D2036-06 A
Distillation
followed by.
Spectrophotome 4500-CN- G .................... D2036-06 B
tric, Amenable
Spectrophotome 4500-CN- E .................... D2036-06 A
tric Manual
Selective 4500-CN- F
Electrode.
Gas .................... .................... .................... ME355.01 \7\
Chromatography/
Mass
Spectrometry
Headspace.
Fluoride..................... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Manual 4500-F- B, D
Distillation;
Colorimetric
SPADNS.
Manual Electrode 4500-F- C .................... D1179-04 B
Automated 4500-F- E
Alizarin.
Lead......................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Magnesium.................... Atomic 3111 B
Absorption.
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Complexation 3500-Mg B
Titrimetric
Methods.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Mercury...................... Manual, Cold 3112 B
Vapor.
Nickel....................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Nitrate...................... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Automated 4500-NO3- F
Cadmium
Reduction.
Manual Cadmium 4500-NO3- E
Reduction.
Ion Selective 4500-NO3- D
Electrode.
Reduction/ .................... .................... .................... Systea Easy
Colorimetric. (1-Reagent) \8\
Nitrite...................... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Automated 4500-NO3- F
Cadmium
Reduction.
Manual Cadmium 4500-NO3- E
Reduction.
Spectrophotometr 4500-NO2- B
ic.
Reduction/ .................... .................... .................... Systea Easy
Colorimetric. (1-Reagent) \8\
Orthophosphate............... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Colorimetric, 4500-P E 4500-P E-99
ascorbic acid,
single reagent.
Colorimetric, 4500-P F 4500-P F-99
Automated,
Ascorbic Acid.
pH........................... Electrometric... 4500-H\+\ B
Selenium..................... Hydride-Atomic 3114 B
Absorption.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Silica....................... Colorimetric.... .................... .................... D859-05
Molybdosilicate. 4500-SiO2 C
Heteropoly blue. 4500-SiO2 D
Automated for 4500-SiO2 E
Molybdate-
reactive Silica.

[[Page 38355]]

Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Sodium....................... Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct
Aspiration.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Temperature.................. Thermometric.... 2550
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 21st edition
Contaminant Methodology EPA method \1\ SM online \3\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene...................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\ ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Carbon tetrachloride......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Chlorobenzene................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichlorobenzene.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,4-Dichlorobenzene.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloroethane........... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
cis-Dichloroethylene......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Trans-Dichloroethylene....... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Dichloromethane.............. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloropropane.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Ethylbenzene................. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Styrene...................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Tetrachloroethylene.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane........ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Trichloroethylene............ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Toluene...................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene....... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,1-Dichloroethylene......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,1,2-Trichlorethane......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Vinyl chloride............... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Xylenes (total).............. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Carbofuran................... High-performance ................. 6610 B 6610 B-04
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC) with post-
column
derivatization and
fluorescence
detection.
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP).. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Ethyl dibromide (EDB)........ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Oxamyl....................... High-performance ................. 6610 B 6610 B-04
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC) with post-
column
derivatization and
fluorescence
detection.
Total Trihalomethanes........ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.25(a)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology SM 21st edition \1\ ASTM \4\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Naturally Occurring:
Gross alpha and beta........... Evaporation........... 7110 B ........................
Gross alpha.................... Coprecipitation....... 7110 C ........................
Radium 226..................... Radon emanation....... 7500-Ra C ........................
Radiochemical......... 7500-Ra B ........................
Radium 228..................... Radiochemical......... 7500-Ra D ........................
Uranium........................ Radiochemical......... 7500-U B ........................
ICP-MS................ D5673-05
Alpha spectrometry.... 7500-U C ........................
Man-Made:
Radioactive Cesium............. Radiochemical......... 7500-Cs B ........................
Gamma Ray Spectrometry 7120 ........................
Radioactive Iodine............. Radiochemical......... 7500-I B
7500-I C
7500-I D
Gamma Ray Spectrometry 7120 ........................
Radioactive Strontium 89, 90... Radiochemical......... 7500-Sr B ........................
Tritium........................ Liquid Scintillation.. 7500-\3\H B ........................

[[Page 38356]]

Gamma Emitters................. Gamma Ray Spectrometry 7120
7500-Cs B
7500-I B ........................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organism Methodology SM 21st edition \1\ Other
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliform.................... Total Coliform 9221 A, B, C .............................
Fermentation
Technique.
Total Coliform 9222 A, B, C .............................
Membrane Filter
Technique.
ONPG-MUG Test....... 9223 .............................
Fecal Coliforms................... Fecal Coliform 9221 E .............................
Procedure.
Fecal Coliform 9222 D .............................
Filter Procedure.
Heterotrophic bacteria............ Pour Plate Method... 9215 B .............................
Turbidity......................... Nephelometric Method 2130 B .............................
Laser Nephelometry ....................... Mitchell M5271\10\
(on-line).
LED Nephelometry (on- ....................... Mitchell M5331 \11\
line).
LED Nephelometry ....................... Orion AQ4500 \12\
(portable).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residual Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................. Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric. 4500-Cl G
Syringaldazine 4500-Cl H
(FACTS).
Total Chlorine................ Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
Amperometric 4500-Cl E
Titration (Low
level
measurement).
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric. 4500-Cl G
Iodometric 4500-Cl I
Electrode.
Chlorine Dioxide.............. Amperometric 4500-ClO2 C
Titration.
Amperometric 4500-ClO2 E
Titration.
Ozone......................... Indigo Method.... 4500-O3 B
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology EPA method SM 21st edition \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TTHM............................... P&T/GC/MS............ 524.3 \9\ ............................
HAA5............................... LLE (diazomethane)/GC/ ...................... 6251 B
ECD.
Chlorite--daily monitoring as Amperometric ...................... 4500-ClO2 E
prescribed in 40 CFR Titration.
141.132(b)(2)(i)(A).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
141.131(c)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residual Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................ Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Syringaldazine 4500-Cl H
(FACTS).
Combined Chlorine............ Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Total Chlorine............... Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
Low level 4500-Cl E
Amperometric
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Iodometric 4500-Cl I
Electrode.
Chlorine Dioxide............. Amperometric 4500-ClO2 E
Method II.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 38357]]

Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
141.131(c)(2), If Approved by the State
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residual Methodology Method
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................ Test Strips..... Method D99-003 \5\
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Alternative Testing Methods for Parameters Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(d)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parameter Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)............... High Temperature Combustion...... 5310 B
Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated 5310 C
Persulfate Oxidation.
Wet Oxidation.................... 53

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