Energy Conservation Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Test Procedures for Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts, 33171-33189 [E9-15881]

Agencies

• DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 131 (Friday, July 10, 2009)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 33171-33189]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-15881]


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Proposed Rules
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of 
the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these 
notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in 
the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules.

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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 131 / Friday, July 10, 2009 / 
Proposed Rules

[[Page 33171]]



DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Part 431

[Docket No. EERE-2008-BT-TP-0017]
RIN 1904-AB87


Energy Conservation Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial 
Equipment: Test Procedures for Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) proposes to establish 
metal halide lamp ballast test procedures that manufacturers would use 
to demonstrate compliance with the metal halide ballast energy 
conservation standards mandated by the statute. In accordance with the 
Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended (EPCA), these test 
procedures are based on American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 
Standard C82.6-2005, ``Ballasts for High-Intensity Discharge Lamps--
Method of Measurement.'' Also in accordance with EPCA, DOE proposes a 
test method for measuring standby mode power consumption and discusses 
the fact that off mode power consumption does not apply to metal halide 
lamp ballasts.

DATES: DOE held a public meeting on Friday, December 19, 2008, in 
Washington, DC. DOE began accepting comments, data, and information 
regarding this notice of proposed rulemaking (NOPR) at the public 
meeting and will continue to accept such submissions until no later 
than September 23, 2009. For details, see section IV, ``Public 
Participation,'' of this NOPR.

ADDRESSES: The public meeting was held at the U.S. Department of 
Energy, Forrestal Building, Room 8E-089, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., 
Washington, DC 20585-0121.
    Any comment submitted must identify the NOPR on Test Procedures for 
Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts and provide the docket number EERE-2008-BT-
TP-0017 and/or Regulation Identifier Number (RIN) 1904-AB87. Comments 
may be submitted using any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the instructions for submitting comment.
     E-mail: Metal_Halide_Ballasts.Rulemaking@hq.doe.gov. 
Include the docket number EERE-2008-BT-TP-0017 and/or RIN 1904-AB87 in 
the subject line of the message.
     Postal Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of 
Energy, Building Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Please submit one 
signed paper original.
     Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department 
of Energy, Building Technologies Program, 6th Floor, 950 L'Enfant 
Plaza, SW., Washington, DC 20024. Telephone: (202) 586-2945. Please 
submit one signed paper original.
    For detailed instructions on submitting comment and additional 
information on the rulemaking process, see section IV, ``Public 
Participation,'' of this document.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or 
comments received, visit the U.S. Department of Energy, Resource Room 
of the Building Technologies Program, 6th Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza, 
SW., Washington, DC 20024, (202) 586-2945, between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., 
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. Please contact Ms. 
Brenda Edwards at the above phone number for additional information 
regarding visiting the Resource Room.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Linda Graves, U.S. Department of 
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building 
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., 
Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-1851. E-mail: 
Linda.Graves@ee.doe.gov. Or you may contact Mr. Eric Stas, U.S. 
Department of Energy, Office of the General Counsel, GC-72, 1000 
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 
586-9507. E-mail: Eric.Stas@hq.doe.gov.
    For additional information on how to submit or review public 
comments, contact Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Office 
of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies 
Program, Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-2945. E-
mail:Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 
I. Background and Authority
II. Summary of the Proposal
III. Discussion
    A. ANSI Standards Development Process
    B. Definitions
    C. Test Method for Measuring Energy Efficiency of Metal Halide 
Ballasts
    1. Test Setup and Conditions
    a. Lamp Orientation
    b. Power Supply, Ambient Test Temperatures, and Instrumentation
    c. Lamp Stabilization
    2. Test Measurements
    3. Ballast Efficiency Calculation
    D. Test Method for Measuring Standby Power of Metal Halide 
Ballasts
    1. Overview of Test Method
    2. Test Method and Measurements
    3. Combining Measurements and Burden
    E. Scope of Applicability of Standby Power Test Procedure
    F. Effective Date of Standby Mode Test Method
    G. Units To Be Tested
    H. Submission of Data
    I. Enforcement Provisions
IV. Public Participation
    A. Submission of Comments
    B. Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment
    1. Test Temperatures
    2. Test Instrumentation and Requirements
    3. Test Connections
    4. Lamp Orientation
    5. Lamp Seasoning and System Stabilization
    6. Test Measurements
    7. Applicability of Off Mode
    8. Applicability of Standby Measurements
    9. Definitions
    10. Circuit Diagrams
    11. Units To Be Tested
    12. Submission of Data
    13. Enforcement Provisions
V. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
    A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
    B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
    C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
    D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act
    E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
    F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
    G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
    H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 1999
    I. Review Under Executive Order 12630

[[Page 33172]]

    J. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 2001
    K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
    L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration 
Act of 1974
VI. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

I. Background and Authority

    Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6291 
et seq.; EPCA or the Act) sets forth a variety of provisions designed 
to improve energy efficiency. Part A \1\ of Title III (42 U.S.C. 6291-
6309) establishes the ``Energy Conservation Program for Consumer 
Products Other than Automobiles,'' which covers certain products, 
including ``metal halide lamp fixtures.'' (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(19)) Since 
the metal halide lamp fixture energy conservation standards in EPCA 
establish a minimum efficiency for the ballasts that are incorporated 
into those fixtures, this test procedure addresses measurement of metal 
halide ballast efficiency. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(A))
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    \1\ This part was originally titled Part B; however, it was 
redesignated Part A, after Part B of Title III was repealed by 
Public Law 109-58.
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    Under the Act, the overall program consists essentially of testing, 
labeling, and Federal energy conservation standards. The testing 
requirements consist of DOE test procedures, adopted pursuant to EPCA, 
that manufacturers of covered equipment must use as the basis for 
establishing and certifying to DOE that their equipment complies with 
applicable energy conservation standards promulgated under EPCA and for 
representing the efficiency of this equipment. Similarly, DOE must use 
these test procedures to determine whether the equipment complies with 
EPCA standards.
    Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth generally applicable criteria 
and procedures for DOE's adoption and amendment of such test 
procedures. EPCA provides that ``[a]ny test procedures prescribed or 
amended under this section shall be reasonably designed to produce test 
results which measure energy efficiency, energy use, * * * or estimated 
annual operating cost of a covered product during a representative 
average use cycle or period of use, as determined by the Secretary [of 
Energy], and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct.'' (42 U.S.C. 
6293(b)(3))
    For metal halide lamp ballasts, section 324(c) of the Energy 
Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007), Public Law 110-140, 
amended EPCA, and, in relevant part, required DOE to establish test 
procedures for metal halide ballasts--a newly covered equipment type 
under the statute--as follows: ``(18) Metal halide lamp ballasts.--Test 
procedures for metal halide lamp ballasts shall be based on ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005, entitled `Ballasts for High-Intensity Discharge 
Lamps--Method of Measurement'.'' (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18))
    Section 324(e) of EISA 2007 further amended EPCA to prescribe 
mandatory minimum efficiency levels for pulse-start metal halide 
ballasts, magnetic probe-start ballasts, and nonpulse-start electronic 
ballasts that operate lamps rated greater than or equal to 150 watts 
(W) but less than or equal to 500 W. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(A)) 
Excluded from these energy conservation standards are regulated lag 
ballasts,\2\ electronic ballasts that operate at 480 volts, or ballasts 
in fixtures that are: (1) Rated only for 150 W lamps; (2) rated for use 
in wet locations, as specified by the National Electrical Code 2002, 
section 410.4(A); and (3) contain a ballast that is rated to operate at 
ambient air temperatures above 50 [deg]C, as specified by UL 1029-2001. 
(42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(B)) These statutory standards apply to metal 
halide lamp fixtures manufactured on or after January 1, 2009. (42 
U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)(C))
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    \2\ A ``regulated lag ballast'' is the industry term for a lag 
ballast with a third coil for improved lamp power regulation.
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    DOE again notes that because of the codification of the metal 
halide ballast provisions at 42 U.S.C. 6295, a rulemaking for metal 
halide ballast energy conservation standards is subject to the 
requirements of the consumer products provisions of Part A of Title 
III. However, because metal halide ballasts are generally considered to 
be commercial equipment and consistent with DOE's previous action to 
incorporate requirements of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005) 
for commercial equipment into 10 CFR Part 431 (``Energy Efficiency 
Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment''), DOE intends 
to place the new requirements for metal halide ballasts in 10 CFR part 
431 for ease of reference. DOE notes that the location of the 
provisions within the CFR does not affect either the substance or 
applicable procedure for metal halide ballasts; as such, DOE is placing 
them in the appropriate CFR part based on the nature or type of those 
products. Based upon their placement into 10 CFR 431, metal halide 
ballasts will be referred to as ``equipment'' throughout this notice.
    DOE notes that pursuant to section 310 of EISA 2007, the 
Department's test procedure for all covered products must account for 
standby and off mode energy consumption, including the procedure for 
metal halide ballasts. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)) Furthermore, section 310 
of EISA 2007 provides that any final rule establishing or revising 
energy conservation standards that is adopted on or after July 1, 2010, 
must incorporate standby mode and off mode energy use. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(3)(A)) A DOE test procedure to measure standby mode and off 
mode energy use must be in place to allow manufacturers to measure and 
certify to energy conservation standards that address these modes and 
is included in this proposed test procedure.

II. Summary of the Proposal

    As noted above, EPCA, as amended by EISA 2007, states that test 
procedures for metal halide lamp ballasts shall be based on ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005, ``Ballasts for High Intensity Discharge Lamps--
Method of Measurement.'' \3\ (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(18)) DOE reviewed ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005 and found it suitable for the purposes of metal 
halide ballasts, because it contained all of the required major 
elements to adequately test and measure the efficiency of this 
equipment, as discussed in section III.C of this document. Accordingly, 
DOE has drawn on relevant portions of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 in 
developing its proposed test procedures for metal halide ballasts. 
Specifically, today's NOPR references the ballast power loss 
measurement method (section 6.10) of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 as the 
means of determining the efficiency of metal halide lamp ballasts, and 
it references other applicable sections of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 for 
test conditions and setup. This NOPR also proposes test procedures for 
measuring standby mode power consumption, based on relevant portions of 
ANSI Standard C82.6-2005. Finally, this NOPR proposes sampling and 
efficiency calculations to be used in the required testing.
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    \3\ ANSI standards discussed in this document are available for 
purchase at: https://webstore.ansi.org/.
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    The proposed test procedures apply to metal halide ballasts that 
operate lamps rated greater than or equal to 150 W but less than or 
equal to 500 W. DOE discusses its proposal in detail in the following 
sections. DOE invites public comment, particularly on the key issues 
outlined in section IV.E.
    DOE reviewed the definitions of ``standby mode'' and ``off mode'' 
contained in EPCA in the context of metal halide ballasts. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)) DOE found that while it was possible for metal halide 
ballasts to

[[Page 33173]]

operate in standby mode, the off mode condition does not apply to metal 
halide ballasts because it addresses a mode of energy use in which 
metal halide ballasts do not operate. For this reason, today's notice 
proposes a test method for metal halide ballasts that measures power 
consumed in standby mode (see section III.D) and provides an 
opportunity for the public to comment on DOE's rationale for why off 
mode does not apply to such equipment (see section III.B).
    As amended, EPCA provides that amendments to the test procedures to 
include standby mode and off mode energy consumption shall not be used 
to determine compliance with previously established standards. (42 
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(C)) Thus, the proposed inclusion of a standby mode 
test procedure in today's notice will not affect a manufacturer's 
ability to demonstrate compliance with the energy conservation 
standards for metal halide lamp fixtures that take effect January 1, 
2009. Indeed, the standby mode test procedure need not be performed to 
determine compliance with the statutory energy conservation standards 
for metal halide lamp fixtures because the statutory standards do not 
account for standby mode power consumption. The Department's test 
procedures for measuring standby mode would become effective, in terms 
of adoption into the Code of Federal Regulations, 30 days after the 
date of publication in the Federal Register of the final rule in this 
test procedures rulemaking. Manufacturers would be required to use the 
test procedures' standby mode provisions to demonstrate compliance with 
any future energy conservation standards on the effective date of a 
final rule establishing amended standards for metal halide lamp 
ballasts that addresses standby mode power consumption. The 
introductory sentence in proposed section 431.324(c) would be removed 
in a notice of final rulemaking to amend the existing standards for 
metal halide lamp ballasts.

III. Discussion

    DOE reviewed ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 to determine whether any 
additional elements would be needed to provide a complete test 
procedure. DOE concluded that all elements required for conducting a 
measurement of the efficiency of metal halide ballasts are currently 
present in ANSI Standard C82.6-2005, including lamp orientation, power 
supply characteristics, operational test temperatures, instrumentation 
requirements, setup connections, and lamp stabilization. DOE proposes 
to incorporate these applicable requirements and methods into the DOE 
test procedure. DOE notes that it is proposing a statistically 
meaningful method for determining sample size as part of the metal 
halide ballast test procedure, consistent with the sampling methods 
used for DOE test procedures for products and equipment subject to 
energy conservation standards.

A. ANSI Standards Development Process

    DOE reviewed the process that the American National Standards 
Institute (ANSI) follows in support of the development of ANSI 
accredited standards and finds that it embodies all the elements of a 
thorough public review and consensus process. This thorough process is 
conducted by applicable industry groups so that all materially affected 
and interested parties are informed and may participate. Due process is 
the key to ensuring that ANSI standards are developed in an environment 
that is equitable, accessible, and responsive to the input and concerns 
of various stakeholders. It also serves and protects the public 
interest, since standards developed and accredited by ANSI must meet 
the Institute's requirements for openness, balance, consensus, and 
other due process safeguards. The basic elements of the American 
National Standards Institute process include:
     Consensus on a proposed standard by a group or ``consensus 
body'' that includes representatives from materially affected and 
interested parties;
     Broad-based public review and comment on draft standards;
     Consideration of and response to comments submitted by 
voting members of the relevant consensus body and by public review;
     Incorporation of approved changes into a draft standard; 
and
     Right to appeal by any participant that believes that due 
process principles were not sufficiently respected during the standards 
development in accordance with the ANSI-accredited procedures of the 
standards developer.
    The ANSI process serves all standardization efforts in the United 
States by providing and promoting a process that withstands scrutiny 
while protecting the rights and interests of every participant. DOE 
believes this process ensures that ANSI standards and the provisions 
within them are adequately vetted within the industry and represent 
consensus among all materially affected and interested parties. 
Therefore, DOE proposes the adoption of appropriate and relevant 
sections of the ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 as part of the test procedures 
for metal halide lamp ballasts, with only minimal additional analysis.

B. Definitions

    DOE reviewed the relevant portions of EISA 2007 and 10 CFR part 431 
for applicable existing definitions for use in developing and applying 
the metal halide ballast test procedure. EISA 2007 amends EPCA, in 
part, by adding definitions of key terms that are applicable to the 
metal halide ballast test procedure, including ``ballast,'' ``ballast 
efficiency,'' ``electronic ballast,'' ``metal halide ballast,'' ``metal 
halide lamp,'' ``metal halide lamp fixture,'' ``probe-start metal 
halide ballast,'' and ``pulse-start metal halide ballast.'' (42 U.S.C. 
6291) These terms are defined as follows:
    ``Ballast'' means a device used with an electric discharge lamp to 
obtain necessary circuit conditions (voltage, current, and waveform) 
for starting and operating. (42 U.S.C. 6291(58))
    ``Ballast efficiency'' means, in the case of a high-intensity 
discharge fixture, the efficiency of a lamp and ballast combination, 
expressed as a percentage, and calculated in accordance with the 
following formula: Efficiency = Pout/Pin, where 
Pout equals the measured operating lamp wattage, 
Pin equals the measured operating input wattage, and the 
lamp, and the capacitor, when the capacitor is provided, shall 
constitute a nominal system in accordance with the ANSI Standard 
C78.43-2004. For ballasts with a frequency of 60 Hz, Pin and 
Pout shall be measured after lamps have been stabilized 
according to section 4.4 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 using a wattmeter 
with accuracy specified in section 4.5 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005. For 
ballasts with a frequency greater than 60 Hz, Pin and 
Pout shall have a basic accuracy of 0.5 percent 
at the higher of--(1) 3 times the output operating frequency of the 
ballast; or (2) 2 kHz for ballasts with a frequency greater than 60 Hz. 
(42 U.S.C. 6291(59))
    ``Electronic ballast'' means a device that uses semiconductors as 
the primary means to control lamp starting and operation. (42 U.S.C. 
6291(60)) DOE understands that this definition appropriately includes 
equipment commonly referred to as ``nonpulse-start electronic 
ballasts.''
    ``Metal halide ballast'' means a ballast used to start and operate 
metal halide lamps. (42 U.S.C. 6291(62))
    ``Metal halide lamp'' means a high-intensity discharge lamp in 
which the major portion of the light is produced by radiation of metal 
halides and their products of dissociation, possibly in

[[Page 33174]]

combination with metallic vapors. (42 U.S.C. 6291(63))
    ``Metal halide lamp fixture'' means a light fixture for general 
lighting application designed to operate with a metal halide lamp and a 
ballast for a metal halide lamp. (42 U.S.C. 6291(64))
    ``Probe-start metal halide ballast'' means a ballast that (1) 
starts a probe-start metal halide lamp that contains a third starting 
electrode (probe) in the arc tube, and (2) does not generally contain 
an igniter, but instead starts lamps with high ballast open circuit 
voltage. (42 U.S.C. 6291(65))
    ``Pulse-start metal halide ballast'' means an electronic or 
electromagnetic ballast that starts a pulse-start metal halide lamp 
with high voltage pulses. (42 U.S.C. 6291(66))
    Although the new statutory definitions pertaining to ballasts were 
relatively comprehensive, DOE believes that additional definitions are 
necessary for purposes of the metal halide ballast test procedure. 
Therefore, in this NOPR, DOE is proposing to amend 10 CFR 431.322, 
``Definitions concerning metal halide lamp ballasts and fixtures,'' by 
adding a definition for ``basic model'' as it relates to metal halide 
ballasts. As explained below, DOE also proposes to insert definitions 
for ``active mode,'' ``standby mode,'' ``off mode,'' ``AC control 
signal,'' ``DC control signal,'' ``PLC control signal,'' and ``wireless 
control signal.'' EPCA lists definitions for three modes of energy 
consumption that are applicable to a broad set of consumer products and 
commercial equipment, including metal halide ballasts. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)) The EPCA definitions of ``active mode,'' ``standby 
mode,'' and ``off mode'' are discussed in this section, and their 
applicability to metal halide ballasts is addressed.
    The ``basic model'' definition for metal halide ballasts is based 
on the ``basic model'' definition for fluorescent ballasts. DOE 
proposes to define the term ``basic model,'' with respect to metal 
halide ballasts, as all units of a given type of metal halide ballast 
(or class thereof) that: (1) Are rated to operate a given lamp type and 
wattage; (2) have essentially identical electrical characteristics; and 
(3) have no differing electrical, physical, or functional 
characteristics that affect energy consumption.
    ``Active mode'' is defined under EPCA as ``the condition in which 
an energy-using product--(I) is connected to a main power source; (II) 
has been activated; and (III) provides 1 or more main functions.'' (42 
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(i)) DOE interprets this mode as being applicable 
to all metal halide ballasts, where the main function of the metal 
halide lamp ballast is to operate one or more metal halide lamps (i.e., 
starting the lamp and regulating the current, voltage, or power of the 
lamp). DOE understands that there are many different types of ballasts 
that could be considered ``metal halide ballasts,'' but the main 
function common to all of them is that they are designed to operate 
metal halide lamps. DOE does not discriminate between non-dimmable \4\ 
and dimmable \5\ ballasts when considering active mode; rather, DOE 
interprets active mode as being applicable to any amount of rated 
system light output (i.e., greater than zero percent of the rated 
system light output). Again, this is because a ballast's main function 
is the operation of a metal halide lamp.
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    \4\ Non-dimmable ballasts would operate the lamp or lamps in 
active mode at 100 percent of the rated system light output.
    \5\ Dimmable ballasts may vary the system light output from 100 
percent to some lower level of light output, either in steps or 
continuously.
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    ``Standby mode'' is defined under EPCA as ``the condition in which 
an energy-using product--(I) is connected to a main power source; and 
(II) offers 1 or more of the following user-oriented or protective 
functions: (aa) To facilitate the activation or deactivation of other 
functions (including active mode) by remote switch (including remote 
control), internal sensor, or timer. (bb) Continuous functions, 
including information or status displays (including clocks) or sensor-
based functions.'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)) As discussed below, 
two key aspects of this definition relate to metal halide ballasts: (1) 
Connected to a main power source; and (2) offering the activation or 
deactivation of other functions by remote switch.
    The definition of ``standby mode'' in part requires that ballasts 
be connected to their main power source. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)(I)) This ``connected'' requirement effectively 
precludes the majority of ballasts from having standby mode energy 
consumption, because most ballasts are operated with on-off switches, 
circuit breakers, or other relays that disconnect the ballast from the 
main power source. Although further consideration of such ballasts is 
unnecessary because their operational design falls outside the 
statutory definition of ``standby mode,'' DOE would characterize their 
operation in such situations as follows: Once the ballast is 
disconnected from the main power source, the ballast ceases to operate 
the lamp (i.e., the system light output falls to zero), and the ballast 
consumes no energy. The vast majority of metal halide ballasts do not 
consume power when they are switched off. Based upon the statutory 
definition of ``standby mode,'' ballasts controlled by disconnecting 
the ballast from the main power source do not operate in standby mode.
    The ``standby mode'' definition further states that it applies to 
energy-using products that facilitate the activation or deactivation of 
other functions by remote switch, internal sensor, or timer. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)(II)(aa)) DOE interprets this condition as applying 
to ballasts that are designed to operate in, or function as, a lighting 
control system where auxiliary control devices send signals. An example 
of this type of ballast would be one that incorporates a digital 
addressable lighting interface (DALI) capability. These ballasts 
(whether dimming or not) incorporate an electronic circuit that enables 
the ballast to communicate with, and receive orders from, the DALI 
system. These instructions could tell the ballast to go into active 
mode or to adjust the light output to zero percent output. In this 
latter condition, the ballast is no longer providing current to the 
metal halide lamp (i.e., no longer in active mode). Thus, at zero light 
output, the ballast is standing by, connected to a main power source 
while it awaits instructions from the lighting control system to 
initiate an arc so the metal halide lamp can produce light again. 
Another example would be a metal halide ballast that incorporates a 
lighting control circuit that is connected to a photosensor. This 
ballast and sensor function as a miniature lighting controls system, 
whereby the sensor provides input to the ballast control circuit, which 
determines whether the lamp should be operational or not. When the lamp 
is not operational (i.e., when the photosensor indicates that it is 
bright outside), the ballast will consume power to enable the 
photosensor circuit to continuously monitor the ambient conditions. 
When the circuit determines that it has gotten dark and it is time to 
start the lamp, it will instruct the ballast to initiate an arc in the 
lamp.
    DOE invites comment on its proposed approach to treat metal halide 
ballasts that operate in, or function as, a lighting control system 
that receives signals from auxiliary control devices as being capable 
of operating in standby mode.
    ``Off mode'' is defined by EPCA as ``the condition in which an 
energy-using product--(I) is connected to a main power source; and (II) 
is not providing any standby or active mode function.'' (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) DOE considered this definition in the context

[[Page 33175]]

of metal halide ballasts and believes that off mode does not apply to 
any metal halide ballast, dimmable or non-dimmable, because off mode 
describes a condition that commercially available ballasts do not 
attain.
    The definition of ``off mode'' requires that ballasts be connected 
to a main power source and not provide any standby or active mode 
function. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)) DOE does not believe it is 
possible for ballasts to meet these criteria. As described above, 
active mode encompasses conditions in which the ballast operates a lamp 
or lamps to produce greater than zero percent of the rated system light 
output. Standby mode applies to the situation in which the ballast is 
connected to a main power source and is not operating a lamp or lamps 
(i.e., the lamps have zero percent light output). Therefore, when 
connected to a main power source, the functions provided in standby 
mode and active mode already encompass every possible level of ballast 
operation, from zero to greater than zero percent of system rated light 
output. There is no condition in which the ballast is connected to the 
main power source and it is not already accounted for in either active 
mode or standby mode. For this reason, ballasts fail to meet the second 
requirement of the EPCA definition of off mode, that it is not 
providing any standby or active mode function. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)(II))
    Furthermore, the power consumption measurement of the ballast in 
standby mode already captures the device in its lowest power-consuming 
condition. This means that in standby mode, the ballast is connected to 
a main power source, but is not providing any output to the lamps 
(i.e., zero percent light output). Disconnecting the ballast from the 
main power source by a switch, for example, would bring the ballast to 
a lower state of energy use (i.e., zero percent power consumption), and 
would fail to meet the first criterion of the off mode definition, that 
the ballast be connected to a main power source. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii)(I))
    For some products, DOE is interpreting off mode as a condition in 
which the user may choose to operate a manual switch mounted on the 
device to enable off mode, which would represent the lowest energy 
state. However, this condition does not apply to metal halide ballasts, 
and DOE is not aware of any ballasts manufactured with a manual switch 
mounted on the housing. Instead, these ballasts are usually 
inaccessible to end-users, and do not incorporate manual switches or 
other features that users may operate to affect the mode of the 
ballast. Thus, the lowest energy state of a metal halide lamp ballast 
is that which is measured in standby mode, which by definition cannot 
also constitute off mode.
    For all of the reasons discussed above, DOE is unable to identify a 
situation in which a ballast would be in off mode. Therefore, DOE 
tentatively concluded in today's notice that off mode is inapplicable 
to metal halide lamp ballasts. Should circumstances change in the 
future, DOE may revisit this interpretation and propose a test method 
to measure off mode for metal halide ballasts. DOE invites comment on 
its tentative decision not to incorporate a test method for measuring 
off mode energy consumption for metal halide ballasts at this time.
    DOE is proposing in today's notice to define the term ``AC control 
signal.'' DOE finds that some lighting control systems operate by 
communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) the ballasts 
over a separate wiring system using AC voltage. DOE was unable to 
locate a definition for ``AC control signal'' in International 
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 62301 or ANSI Standard 
C82.6-2006. Therefore, DOE prepared a definition for an ``AC control 
signal'' to enhance the clarity and understanding of its proposed test 
procedure. The proposed definition for ``AC control signal'' is as 
follows: ``an alternating current (AC) signal that is supplied to the 
ballast using additional wiring for the purpose of controlling the 
ballast and putting the ballast in standby mode.'' In today's test 
procedure, DOE proposes to measure the power consumed by the ballast 
through the control signal wiring system.
    DOE is proposing in today's notice to define the term ``DC control 
signal.'' DOE finds that some lighting control systems operate by 
communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) the ballasts 
over a separate wiring system using DC voltage. DOE was unable to 
locate a definition for ``DC control signal'' in IEC Standard 62301 or 
ANSI Standard C82.6-2006. Therefore, DOE prepared a definition for a 
``DC control signal'' to enhance the clarity and understanding of its 
proposed test procedure. The proposed definition of ``DC control 
signal'' states that it is ``a direct current (DC) signal that is 
supplied to the ballast using additional wiring for the purpose of 
controlling the ballast and putting the ballast in standby mode.'' In 
today's test procedure, DOE proposes to measure the power consumed by 
the ballast through the control signal wiring system.
    DOE is proposing in today's notice to define the term ``power line 
carrier (PLC) control signal.'' DOE finds that some lighting control 
systems operate by communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal 
to) the ballasts over the existing power lines that provide the main 
power connection to the ballast. DOE was unable to locate a definition 
for ``PLC control signal'' in IEC Standard 62301 or ANSI Standard 
C82.6-2006. Therefore, DOE prepared a definition for a ``PLC control 
signal'' to enhance the clarity and understanding of its proposed test 
procedure. The proposed definition of a ``PLC control signal'' states 
that it is ``a power line carrier (PLC) signal that is supplied to the 
ballast using the input ballast wiring for the purpose of controlling 
the ballast and putting the ballast in standby mode.'' In today's test 
procedure, DOE proposes to measure the power consumed by the ballast 
through the PLC control signal.
    DOE is proposing in today's notice to define the term ``wireless 
control signal.'' DOE finds that some lighting control systems operate 
by communicating with (i.e., providing a control signal to) the 
ballasts over a wireless system, much like a wireless computer network. 
DOE was unable to locate a definition for a ``wireless control signal'' 
in IEC Standard 62301 or ANSI Standard C82.6-2006. Therefore, DOE 
prepared a definition for a ``wireless control signal'' to enhance the 
clarity and understanding of its proposed test procedure. The proposed 
definition of ``wireless control signal'' states that it is ``a 
wireless signal that is radiated to and received by the ballast for the 
purpose of controlling the ballast and putting the ballast in standby 
mode.'' In today's test procedure, DOE is not proposing to measure the 
power consumed by the ballast through the wireless control signal, 
because the quantity of power contained in the signal is extremely 
small (on the order of milliwatts), would be difficult to measure, and 
is unlikely to appreciably impact ballast power consumption.
    DOE determined in its review of the proposed metal halide ballast 
test procedures that other terms used in the procedure are standard 
industry terminology and, thus, do not need to be explicitly defined in 
the ballast test procedure. DOE finds these terms to be unambiguous and 
easy to apply consistently in metal halide ballast testing. DOE invites 
comment on the appropriateness of adopting the aforementioned 
definitions for ``basic model,'' ``active mode,'' ``standby mode,'' 
``off mode,'' ``AC control signal,'' ``DC control signal,'' ``PLC

[[Page 33176]]

control signal'' and ``wireless control signal.''

C. Test Method for Measuring Energy Efficiency of Metal Halide Ballasts

1. Test Setup and Conditions
a. Lamp Orientation
    DOE proposes that lamp orientation for testing be as specified in 
section 4.3 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005, which requires vertical, base-
up orientation, unless the manufacturer specifies another orientation 
for that ballast and associated lamp combination. DOE is proposing this 
approach for two reasons. First, DOE understands that vertical, base-up 
lamp orientation is the most common in the industry, and, because of 
the natural stability of the vertical operating position, DOE believes 
that this approach would produce the most repeatable and accurate 
testing results. By way of explanation, the halide material in a metal 
halide lamp is not fully vaporized during lamp operation, which creates 
a cold spot in the arc tube that affects the photometric and electrical 
characteristics of the lamp and ballast operation. The cold spot is 
typically found at the lowest point in the tube, which is the most 
consistent in a vertical burning orientation. In contrast, horizontal 
orientation creates a less stable arc condition. ANSI Standard C82.6-
2005 references specific requirements in section 3.6 of ANSI Standard 
C78.389-2004, ``Lamp Position,'' for stabilization when the lamp 
manufacturer specifies horizontal orientation. In these cases, ANSI 
Standard C78.389-2004 requires that metal halide lamps with tipped arc 
tubes be oriented horizontally with the tip in the up position. If the 
lamp has a tipless arc tube, the lamp must be kept horizontally level 
and in the same position throughout all measurements to ensure 
repeatability and consistency in measurements. Given the concerns with 
repeatability and consistency associated with testing a metal halide 
lamp in a horizontal orientation and the lack of any relevant benefit 
from testing in such orientation, DOE is proposing to test in a 
vertical, base-up orientation. DOE invites comment on the 
appropriateness of adopting the requirements in section 4.3 of ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005 for lamp orientation.
b. Power Supply, Ambient Test Temperatures, and Instrumentation
    DOE proposes power supply characteristics, ambient test 
temperatures, and instrumentation requirements as specified in section 
4.0 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005. DOE recognizes that specification of 
objective test setup characteristics is an important consideration in 
terms of producing reliable, repeatable, and consistent test results. 
These aspects of DOE's proposal are addressed in further detail below.
    Section 4.1 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 requires that the root mean 
square (RMS) summation of harmonic components in the power supply be no 
more than 3 percent of the fundamental voltage and frequency 
components. Section 4.1 also requires that: (1) The impedance of the 
power source be no more than 3 percent of the specified ballast 
impedance, and (2) power supply devices used in the test circuits have 
a power rating at least five times the wattage of the lamp intended to 
operate on the ballast under test. DOE believes that these requirements 
provide reasonable stringency in terms of power quality because they 
are consistent with other comprehensive industry standards that 
regulate harmonic content and power supply impedance (e.g., ANSI 
Standard C78.389-2004). Furthermore, DOE believes that these 
requirements would be readily achievable and that they would be likely 
to ensure repeatable and consistent measurements. DOE invites comment 
on the appropriateness of adopting section 4.1 of ANSI C82.6-2005 for 
power supply requirements.
    Section 4.2 in ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 requires maintenance of an 
ambient temperature of 25 [deg]C 5 [deg]C to 
reduce potential ballast operating variances caused by excessive 
temperature. DOE proposes to require that testing be performed in a 
draft-free environment, which is considered a standard laboratory 
environmental condition and would further ensure consistency in test 
conditions. Although ambient temperature is not considered critical to 
metal halide lamp operation and light output, it can affect lamp and 
ballast system electrical performance. Therefore, temperatures must be 
controlled for ballast efficiency testing to ensure repeatability and 
consistency in test results. DOE believes that applying the ambient 
temperature requirements, as set forth in the industry standard, in a 
draft-free environment would result in appropriate testing conditions. 
DOE invites comment on the appropriateness of adopting section 4.2 of 
ANSI C82.6-2005 for ambient temperature requirements.
    Similarly, the instrumentation requirements and their connections 
to the lamp and ballast systems are specified to ensure repeatability 
and consistency in test measurements. The instrumentation requirements 
prescribed in sections 4.5.1 and 4.5.3 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 were 
developed to ensure that the measured values accurately reflect ballast 
operation. The ANSI requirements for digital voltmeters, ammeters, and 
wattmeters include a resolution of three and one-half digits and 
minimum basic instrumentation accuracy of 0.50 percent (i.e., one-half 
of 1 percent) of the reading from actual with true RMS capability. For 
analog instruments, the ANSI standard specifies that analog ammeters 
and voltmeters must have accuracies of 0.50 percent up to 
800 Hertz, and that analog wattmeters must have accuracies of 0.75 percent up to 1,000 Hertz for power factors of 50 percent to 
100 percent and 0.50 percent up to 125 Hertz for ballasts 
with power factors between 0 and 20 percent. On this issue, DOE is 
concerned that the range of possible power factors covered by ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005 does not provide measuring instrument accuracies 
for any ballasts that may be designed with power factors between 20 
percent and 50 percent. Therefore, DOE is proposing to require all 
analog wattmeters used on ballasts with power factors less than 50 
percent to same accuracy as those for ballasts with power factors less 
than 20 percent (i.e., 0.50 percent up to 125 Hertz). 
Finally, section 4.5.1 instructs that only one analog instrument may be 
connected to the test circuit at one time to reduce impedance effects 
on the testing. DOE believes that all these instrumentation 
requirements, as set forth in ANSI Standard C86.5-2005, would 
facilitate repeatable and consistent testing and measurement. DOE 
invites comment on the appropriateness of adopting sections 4.5.1 and 
4.5.3 of ANSI C82.6-2005 for equipment and connection requirements.
    In summary, the power supply characteristics, ambient test 
temperatures, and instrumentation and test circuit connection 
requirements that DOE is proposing in this NOPR are derived from ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005 and are consistent with those commonly found and 
described in other lamp and ballast testing standards used by the 
lighting industry, such as ANSI Standard C78.389-2004. Accordingly, DOE 
tentatively concluded that these test setup conditions are appropriate 
for effective testing. DOE requests comment on whether these or other 
test setup conditions may be more appropriate for this metal halide 
ballast test procedure.
c. Lamp Stabilization
    As an initial matter, DOE proposes that the process for lamp 
stabilization before ballast efficiency testing would

[[Page 33177]]

follow section 4.4 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005, which requires a 100-
hour seasoning period. DOE believes that a 100-hour seasoning period is 
commonly used by manufacturers of high-intensity discharge lamp 
technologies to ensure that the initial, more-rapid depreciation in 
output caused by impurities has been surpassed.\6\ DOE has no knowledge 
of an alternative seasoning time period that is more appropriate for 
this technology. DOE invites comment on the existence and 
appropriateness of any alternatives to this method of lamp seasoning.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ IESNA LM-54-99, ``Lamp Seasoning,'' is the Lighting 
Measurement (LM) document developed by the Illuminating Engineering 
Society of North America (IESNA) that the industry refers to for 
seasoning requirements for lamp and ballast photometric and 
electrical testing. Available at: https://www.ies.org/shop/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE evaluated the requirements of the basic stabilization method 
prescribed in section 4.4.2 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 to ensure that 
the method was capable of providing a sufficiently stable lamp and 
ballast system, as would ensure consistent measurements. Specifically, 
section 4.4.2 requires that the lamp and ballast system reach operating 
stability such that the electrical parameters cease to change. The time 
to achieve this point is typically at least 30 minutes, but it may take 
as much as 6 hours to achieve this state if a metal halide lamp is 
moved while hot or its orientation is changed. This methodology 
incorporates a standby ballast to help stabilize the lamp without 
heating the test ballast. (Heating the test ballast could cause 
resistance changes that lead to unrepeatable test results.)
    DOE also considered similar stabilization guidance found in ANSI 
Standard C78.389-2004 that applies more specific operating times, 
including a generic minimum of 6 hours for basic stabilization for all 
lamps. Section 3.7.2 of ANSI Standard C78.389-2004 also prescribes that 
the lamp ballast system is stable when the lamp's electrical 
characteristics vary by no more than 3 percent in three consecutive 10- 
to 15-minute intervals.
    Because not all lamps will require a full 6-hour stabilization 
period, DOE proposes that the lamp and ballast system be considered 
stable for testing purposes when the lamp's electrical characteristics 
vary by no more than 3 percent in three consecutive 10- to 15-minute 
intervals measured after the minimum 30-minute warm-up period specified 
in section 4.4.2 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005. A critical part of this 
methodology is the ability to switch from the standby ballast to the 
test ballast without allowing the lamp to extinguish. The use of a 
standby ballast for warming up the lamp is not DOE's preferred method, 
but in cases where switching without extinguishing the lamp is not 
possible, the alternative stabilization method described in section 
4.4.3 of ANSI Standard 82.6-2005 should be used. This method allows for 
the lamp to operate on the test ballast for a 15-minute warm-up period 
and measurements to be taken within the following 2 minutes, but it 
also requires that lamp operating characteristics be determined 
separately on a reference ballast.
    DOE invites comment on its proposed lamp stabilization methods from 
sections 4.4.2 and 4.4.3 of ANSI C82.6-2005 and any alternative options 
for accurate ballast testing.
2. Test Measurements
    DOE proposes that test measurements of metal halide ballast 
operation be used in the calculation of ballast efficiency, as 
discussed in section III.C.3, ``Ballast Efficiency Calculation,'' of 
this document. This calculated ballast efficiency is an integral part 
of the metal halide ballast test procedures established under 42 U.S.C. 
6293.
    Under DOE's proposal, the test measurements for metal halide 
ballasts would require that ballast operation testing be conducted 
according to the same requirements as set forth in section 6.10, 
``Ballast Power Loss,'' of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005. This section 
specifies measurements of output power to the lamp and input power to 
the ballast using a wattmeter. ANSI Standard C82.6-2005, section 6.10, 
specifies the proper instrument connections. The section also provides 
the needed guidance and methods for eliminating or compensating for the 
power consumption of a voltmeter (when connected) and the wattmeter 
potential coil. In summary, section 6.10 of ANSI Standard C82.6-2005 
provides a measurement of power using a well-defined, common electrical 
industry standard test with dedicated equipment. DOE is not aware of 
any equivalent alternative method for these measurements. DOE invites 
comment and data on whether an alternative power measurement method 
should be considered.
3. Ballast Efficiency Calculation
    DOE proposes that the ballast efficiency be calculated as the 
measured output power to the lamp divided by the measured input power 
to the ballast (Pout/Pin). DOE proposes that the 
Pout and Pin terms be determined according to the 
Ballast Power Loss method described in section III.C.2, ``Test 
Measurements,'' of this document. This measure of efficiency represents 
the metric used in the energy conservation standard prescribed by the 
statute. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(1)) Therefore, DOE proposes that both 
output and input power be measured in accordance with section 6.10 of 
ANSI Standard C82.6-2005, which requires the use of a true RMS 
wattmeter. DOE invites comment on the proposed ballast efficiency 
calculation and any appropriate alternative options.

D. Test Method for Measuring Standby Power of Metal Halide Ballasts

1. Overview of Test Method
    EPCA, in relevant part, directs DOE to establish test procedures to 
include standby mode, ``taking into consideration the most current 
versions of Standards 62301 and 62087 of the International 
Electrotechnical Commission.'' (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)) IEC Standard 
62087 applies to audio, video, and related equipment, but not to 
lighting equipment. Thus, DOE has determined that IEC Standard 62087 is 
not suitable to be applied to this rulemaking. Instead, DOE developed 
today's proposed rule consistent with procedures outlined in IEC 
Standard 62301. In addition, to develop a test method that would be 
familiar to metal halide ballast manufacturers, DOE also referenced 
language and methodologies presented in ANSI Standard C82.6-2005, 
``Ballasts for High-Intensity Discharge Lamps--Methods of 
Measurement.''
    In overview, today's proposed test procedure for measuring standby 
power consumption consists of the following steps: (1) A signal is sent 
to the ballast instructing it to reduce light output to zero percent; 
(2) The main input power to the ballast is measured; and (3) The power 
from the control signal path is measured in one of three ways, 
depending on how the signal from the control system is delivered to the 
ballast. Further details on this proposed methodology are presented 
below.
2. Test Method and Measurements
    In the portion of the proposed metal halide ballast test procedure 
dealing with standby power measurement, the test procedure would direct 
the technician to send a signal to the ballast under test, instructing 
the ballast to have zero percent light output using the appropriate 
communication protocol or system for that unit. Next, the technician 
would measure the input power (in watts) to the ballast in accordance 
with ANSI Standard C82.6-2005. Finally, the technician would

[[Page 33178]]

measure the power from the ballast control signal path using a method 
for an AC control signal path, a DC control signal path, or a power 
line carrier control signal path, consistent with the type of path that 
the ballast employs.
    The measurement of input power to the ballast from the main 
electricity supply during standby mode is based on the approach in ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005, section 6. This measurement parallels the approach 
DOE is proposing for measuring the active mode power consumption for 
input power (watts) to the ballast in accordance with ANSI Standard 
C82.6-2005. Thus, the test measurements of ballast input power would be 
required to be conducted in accordance with the appropriate sections of 
the current industry test method.
    As proposed at 10 CFR 431.324(c), the proposed test procedure would 
direct manufacturers to address measurement of the ballast's control 
signal power. As DOE understands it, there are four possible ways of 
delivering a control signal to a metal halide lamp ballast: (1) A 
dedicated AC control signal wire; (2) a dedicated DC control signal 
wire; (3) a PLC control signal over the main supply input wires; and 
(4) a wireless control signal. DOE is interested in measuring the power 
consumed by the lighting control signal, and, therefore, proposes three 
methods for measuring that power, depending on which type of system is 
being used. As explained above, DOE is not proposing to measure the 
power supplied to a ballast using the fourth approach (i.e., the 
wireless control signal), because DOE estimates that the power supplied 
to a ballast using a wireless signal would be very small (well below 
1.0 watt), would be difficult to measure, and would be unlikely to 
appreciably impact ballast power consumption. The three circuit 
diagrams in the proposed test procedure direct the technician to 
measure the control signal power using either a wattmeter (for the AC 
control signal wiring and the PLC control signal) or a voltmeter and 
ammeter (for the DC control signal). DOE is proposing to incorporate 
three circuit diagrams at 10 CFR 431.324(c) to clearly present the 
intended method of measurement for each type of control system 
communication protocol.
    DOE invites stakeholder comments on the proposed method for 
measuring the power consumed by the control signal system while the 
ballast is in standby mode.
3. Combining Measurements and Burden
    DOE's metal halide ballast test procedure would direct 
manufacturers of such equipment to take the two required measurements 
(i.e., the main input power and the control signal power in standby 
mode), but it would not tell manufacturers how to combine these values 
or use them in equations pertaining to energy efficiency. Instead, DOE 
intends to study how best to use these measurements of standby mode 
power consumption in a separate rulemaking to review and possibly amend 
the energy conservation standards for metal halide lamp ballasts, which 
DOE is required to complete by January 1, 2012, pursuant to EISA 2007. 
Although beyond the scope of the present rulemaking, DOE invites 
comment on recommended approaches for combining these measurements into 
a single metric as part of a future energy conservation standards 
rulemaking.
    DOE further notes that the proposed test procedure is designed to 
produce results that measure standby power consumption in an accurate 
and repeatable manner, and should not be unduly burdensome on 
manufacturers to conduct. DOE believes that these objectives would be 
met by the proposed test procedure, particularly given that it is based 
upon IEC Standard 62301 and follows testing approaches used in ANSI 
Standard C82.6-2005. DOE invites comment on the issue of test burden, 
including whether there are any alternatives that would generate 
results with the same level of accuracy and repeatability while 
reducing the burden.

E. Scope of Applicability of Standby Power Test Procedure

    This rulemaking addresses ballasts that operate metal halide lamp 
fixtures. After studying the market of commercially-available metal 
halide ballasts and the statutory definition of ``standby mode,'' DOE 
is proposing to interpret this mode as only applying to certain 
ballasts under certain operating conditions. DOE believes standby mode 
only applies to ballasts that incorporate some kind of lighting control 
system interface, because these ballasts appear to be the only ones 
that satisfy the EPCA definition of ``standby mode'' (which DOE is 
codifying into its regulations). Specifically, DOE found that only 
metal halide ballasts with a lighting-control system interface can be 
``connected to a main power source'' and ``facilitate the activation or 
deactivation of other functions (including active mode) by remote 
switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer.'' (42 
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)) DOE understands that many of these ballasts 
are designed with advanced circuitry that adds new features, including 
intelligent operation.\7\ One example of these ballasts would be a 
DALI-enabled ballast. DALI-enabled ballasts have internal circuitry 
that is fundamentally part of the ballast design that remains active 
and consumes energy, even when the ballast is not operating any lamps.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ ``Intelligent operation'' means a device which is able to 
receive information, evaluate that information, and take appropriate 
action based upon that information. For example, certain ballasts 
contain a circuit which, when it receives a signal, then takes 
action to dim light output to a certain level or to switch off the 
lamp (or other action).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    If, on the other hand, these same ballasts were dimmed to a level 
less than full output, but greater than zero percent, they could not be 
in standby mode because they would still be providing a ballast's main 
function (i.e., operating a lamp to produce light). (42 U.S.C. 
6295(gg)(1)(A)(i)) Such ballast would be deemed to be in active mode 
even if the quantity of light produced was just one percent of the 
rated system output.
    As explained above, not all metal halide ballasts would need to be 
tested for standby mode power, because many ballast designs would not 
meet the statutory definition for operation in standby mode. In fact, 
the vast majority of metal halide ballasts sold today are not capable 
of operating in standby mode, thereby rendering the standby provisions 
of the test procedure inapposite in terms of those units. Generally, 
these excluded ballasts are ones that are not active components of a 
lighting control system; instead, they are controlled simply by having 
the active power disconnected through use of a manual switch, occupancy 
sensor, or other system. For these ballasts, light output is reduced to 
zero percent by disconnecting the main power. However, the ballast 
would not be in standby mode, as defined by EPCA, because it is no 
longer connected to a main power source.
    Thus, DOE believes that the metal halide ballasts subject to 
standby mode power measurements would be those that incorporate some 
electronic circuit enabling the ballast to communicate with and be part 
of a lighting control system. DOE invites comment as to the proposed 
scope of applicability of this metal halide ballast test procedure and 
whether there are other considerations that would lead to the potential 
coverage of additional or fewer ballast types under the standby mode

[[Page 33179]]

measurement portion of the test procedure.

F. Effective Date of Standby Mode Test Method

    As discussed in section II of this notice, EPCA requires DOE to 
consider standby mode and off mode for all energy conservation final 
rules issued after July 1, 2010. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(3)(A)) In 
addition, EPCA states that not later than January 1, 2012, DOE shall 
publish a final rule to determine whether the standards established for 
metal halide lamp fixtures should be amended. (42 U.S.C. 6295(hh)(2)) 
Due to the fact that this rulemaking, to possibly amend the standards 
for metal halide lamp fixtures, would be issued after July 1, 2010, DOE 
must take into consideration standby and off mode energy consumption in 
that future energy conservation standards rulemaking.
    DOE believes that in having these test procedure provisions 
included in the CFR, it will provide manufacturers additional time to 
become familiar with energy consumption of certain metal halide 
ballasts. In the coming years, as DOE conducts its energy conservation 
standards rulemaking reviewing the energy conservation standards for 
metal halide lamp ballasts, it will take into consideration energy 
consumption. During that rulemaking, stakeholders will already be 
familiar with the test procedure for measuring and calculating standby 
mode power consumption and will be able to better understand any 
ballast design implications that may impact the efficiency of metal 
halide lamp ballasts.
    As discussed in section II above and as provided in the proposed 
amendments at 10 CFR 431.324(c), manufacturers of metal halide lamp 
ballasts would not need to perform standby measurements under this test 
procedure to certify compliance with the energy conservation standards 
for metal halide lamp fixtures that come into effect on January 1, 
2009, because those statutory standards do not account for standby mode 
power consumption. In terms of publication in the Code of Federal 
Regulations, the effective date of this test procedure on metal halide 
lamp fixtures would be 30 days after the date of publication in the 
Federal Register of a final rule in this test procedures rulemaking. 
However, manufacturers would only be required to use the amended test 
procedure's standby mode provisions to demonstrate compliance with any 
future energy conservation standard on the effective date of a final 
rule establishing amended standards for metal halide lamp ballasts that 
addresses standby mode power consumption (at which time, DOE would 
remove the limitation in 10 CFR 431.324(c)).

G. Units To Be Tested

    Accurate testing of metal halide ballasts require a statistically 
meaningful sample of test units to provide sufficient assurance that 
the true mean efficiency of a basic model meets or exceeds the 
applicable energy conservation standard. In efforts to meet this 
testing need and to reduce the testing burden on manufacturers, DOE 
considered four factors in developing sample size requirements: (1) 
Providing a highly statistically valid probability that a basic model 
that is tested meets applicable energy conservation standards; (2) 
providing a highly statistically valid probability that a manufacturer 
preliminarily found to be in noncompliance will actually be in 
noncompliance; (3) assuring compatibility with other sampling plans DOE 
has promulgated; and (4) minimizing manufacturers' testing time and 
costs.
    Based on the consideration of these four factors and an analysis of 
sampling methods used