King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Alpharma Inc.; Agreement Containing Consent Order To Aid Public Comment, 295-297 [E8-31386]
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 2 / Monday, January 5, 2009 / Notices
it. Inverness’ acquisition of the ACON
assets further entrenched Inverness’
monopoly power in consumer
pregnancy tests by preventing future
competition from competing watersoluble dye consumer pregnancy tests.
IV. The Proposed Order
The proposed order will remedy the
Commission’s competitive concerns
about Inverness’ conduct in maintaining
its consumer pregnancy test product
monopoly power.
First, the proposed order contains
provisions to prevent Inverness from
interfering with the digital consumer
pregnancy test product joint venture
between ACON and Church & Dwight,
and to enable ACON and Church &
Dwight to maintain their competitive
viability after the joint venture ends.
These provisions include a requirement
that Inverness disclaim any ownership
rights on intellectual property
developed during the joint venture. The
proposed order further requires that
Inverness will not interfere with
ACON’s transfer or licensing of digital
consumer pregnancy test technology to
Church & Dwight, and that Inverness
not interfere with ACON’s ability to
manufacture digital consumer
pregnancy tests for Church & Dwight
during their collaboration.
Second, to prevent Inverness from
harming emerging competition from
water-soluble dye consumer pregnancy
test products, the proposed order
requires Inverness to divest, to Aemoh
Products, LLC, a fully-paid perpetual
exclusive sublicense to Inverness’
water-soluble dye intellectual property.
The proposed order seeks to ensure that
water-soluble dye products can be
developed without risk of infringing
Inverness’ intellectual property, by
requiring Inverness to covenant not to
assert intellectual property infringement
claims against certain lateral flow
products that use Inverness’ watersoluble dye technology. These
provisions, among others, will give
Aemoh—a start-up run by a successful
and experienced health products
entrepreneur—the ability to complete
the commercialization of water-soluble
dye based consumer pregnancy tests.
V. Opportunity for Public Comment
The proposed consent order has been
placed on the public record for 30 days
for receipt of comments by interested
persons. Comments received during this
period will become part of the public
record. After 30 days, the Commission
will again review the proposed consent
order and the comments received and
will decide whether it should withdraw
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from the agreement or make the
proposed consent order final.
By accepting the proposed Consent
Agreement subject to final approval, the
Commission anticipates that the
competitive problems alleged in the
complaint will be resolved. The purpose
of this analysis is to invite public
comment on the proposed Consent
Agreement, in order to aid the
Commission in its determination of
whether to make the proposed order
final. This analysis is not intended to
constitute an official interpretation of
the proposed order nor is it intended to
modify the terms of the proposed order
in any way.
By direction of the Commission,
Commissioner Harbour recused.
Richard C. Donohue,
Acting Secretary.
[FR Doc. E8–31366 Filed 1–2–09: 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750–01–S
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 081 0240]
King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
Alpharma Inc.; Agreement Containing
Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Federal Trade Commission.
Proposed Consent Agreement.
SUMMARY: The consent agreement in this
matter settles alleged violations of
federal law prohibiting unfair or
deceptive acts or practices or unfair
methods of competition. The attached
Analysis to Aid Public Comment
describes both the allegations in the
draft complaint and the terms of the
consent order—embodied in the consent
agreement—that would settle these
allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on
or before January 27, 2009.
Interested parties are
invited to submit written comments.
Comments should refer to ‘‘King
Alpharma, File No. 081 0240,’’ to
facilitate the organization of comments.
A comment filed in paper form should
include this reference both in the text
and on the envelope, and should be
mailed or delivered to the following
address: Federal Trade Commission/
Office of the Secretary, Room 135-H,
600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20580. Comments
containing confidential material must be
filed in paper form, must be clearly
labeled ‘‘Confidential,’’ and must
comply with Commission Rule 4.9(c).
ADDRESSES:
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295
16 CFR 4.9(c) (2005).1 The FTC is
requesting that any comment filed in
paper form be sent by courier or
overnight service, if possible, because
U.S. postal mail in the Washington area
and at the Commission is subject to
delay due to heightened security
precautions. Comments that do not
contain any nonpublic information may
instead be filed in electronic form by
following the instructions on the webbased form at (https://
secure.commentworks.com/ftcKingAlpharma). To ensure that the
Commission considers an electronic
comment, you must file it on that webbased form.
The FTC Act and other laws the
Commission administers permit the
collection of public comments to
consider and use in this proceeding as
appropriate. All timely and responsive
public comments, whether filed in
paper or electronic form, will be
considered by the Commission, and will
be available to the public on the FTC
website, to the extent practicable, at
www.ftc.gov. As a matter of discretion,
the FTC makes every effort to remove
home contact information for
individuals from the public comments it
receives before placing those comments
on the FTC website. More information,
including routine uses permitted by the
Privacy Act, may be found in the FTC’s
privacy policy, at (https://www.ftc.gov/
ftc/privacy.shtm).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
James Southworth, FTC Bureau of
Competition, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue,
NW, Washington, D.C. 20580, (202) 3262822.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant
to section 6(f) of the Federal Trade
Commission Act, 38 Stat. 721, 15 U.S.C.
46(f), and § 2.34 of the Commission
Rules of Practice, 16 CFR 2.34, notice is
hereby given that the above-captioned
consent agreement containing a consent
order to cease and desist, having been
filed with and accepted, subject to final
approval, by the Commission, has been
placed on the public record for a period
of thirty (30) days. The following
Analysis to Aid Public Comment
describes the terms of the consent
agreement, and the allegations in the
complaint. An electronic copy of the
full text of the consent agreement
package can be obtained from the FTC
1 The comment must be accompanied by an
explicit request for confidential treatment,
including the factual and legal basis for the request,
and must identify the specific portions of the
comment to be withheld from the public record.
The request will be granted or denied by the
Commission’s General Counsel, consistent with
applicable law and the public interest. See
Commission Rule 4.9(c), 16 CFR 4.9(c).
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 2 / Monday, January 5, 2009 / Notices
Home Page (for December 29, 2008), on
the World Wide Web, at (https://
www.ftc.gov/os/2008/12/index.htm). A
paper copy can be obtained from the
FTC Public Reference Room, Room 130H, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW,
Washington, D.C. 20580, either in
person or by calling (202) 326-2222.
Public comments are invited, and may
be filed with the Commission in either
paper or electronic form. All comments
should be filed as prescribed in the
ADDRESSES section above, and must be
received on or before the date specified
in the DATES section.
Analysis of Agreement Containing
Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
I. Introduction
The Federal Trade Commission
(‘‘Commission’’) has accepted, subject to
final approval, an Agreement
Containing Consent Order (‘‘Consent
Agreement’’) from King
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘King) and
Alpharma Inc. (‘‘Alpharma’’), which is
designed to remedy the anticompetitive
effects of King’s acquisition of
Alpharma. Under the terms of the
Consent Agreement, the companies
would be required to divest to Actavis
all rights to Kadian, Alpharma’s
branded long-acting morphine sulfate
opioid analgesic product. Kadian’s
patent runs until April of 2010. The
divestiture gives Actavis all rights to
Kadian, restoring the competition
between Kadian and King’s Avinza that
would be lost with the acquisition.
The proposed Consent Agreement has
been placed on the public record for
thirty (30) days for receipt of comments
by interested persons. Comments
received during this period will become
part of the public record. After thirty
(30) days, the Commission will again
review the proposed Consent Agreement
and the comments received, and will
decide whether it should withdraw from
the proposed Consent Agreement,
modify it, or make final the Decision
and Order (‘‘Order’’).
Pursuant to a merger agreement
executed on November 23, 2008, King
intends to acquire all the outstanding
shares of Alpharma for approximately
$1.6 billion. Both parties sell branded
pharmaceuticals in the United States.
The Commission’s Complaint alleges
that the proposed acquisition, if
consummated, would violate Section 7
of the Clayton Act, as amended, 15
U.S.C. § 18, and Section 5 of the FTC
Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. § 45. The
proposed Consent Agreement remedies
the alleged violations by maintaining
existing competition between branded
Kadian and Avinza, and permitting an
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14:05 Jan 02, 2009
Jkt 217001
authorized generic version of branded
Kadian to be launched prior to when the
patent expires.
II. The Competitive Effects of the
Proposed Acquisition
The proposed acquisition would
cause significant anticompetitive harm
by eliminating actual, direct and
substantial competition between King
and Alpharma in the market for oral
long acting opioid analgesics (‘‘oral
LAOs’’). The merging firms today offer
the only two competitively significant
branded morphine sulfate oral LAOs,
and the evidence shows that they are
particularly close competitors within
the larger oral LAO market. The loss of
head-to-head competition between
King’s Avinza and Alpharma’s Kadian
would result in higher prices for
branded ER morphine sulfate.
While King and Alpharma oral LAO
products compete most directly with
each other, they also compete, to a
lesser extent, with other oral LAOs. Oral
LAOs have become the standard of care
for the management of moderate-tosevere chronic pain because of their
effectiveness, ease of titration and
favorable risk-to-benefit ratio. Other oral
LAOs are based on distinct chemical
compounds, but all of these products
have the same mechanisms of action,
similar indications, similar dosage
forms and similar dosage frequency. The
most significant of the other oral LAOs
is Purdue Pharma L.P.’s OxyContin,
which is four times lager than Avinza
and Kadian, combined. A fourth
product, Endo Pharmaceutical’s Opana
ER, also competes in the market.
As with most pharmaceutical
products, entry into the manufacture
and sale of oral LAOs, is difficult,
expensive and time consuming.
Developing and obtaining U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (‘‘FDA’’) approval
for the manufacture and sale of oral
LAOs takes at least two years due to
substantial regulatory, technological and
intellectual property barriers. As a
result, new entry is unlikely to
ameliorate the anticompetitive effects of
the acquisition.
III. The Consent Agreement
The order would remedy the
competitive concerns raised by the
proposed acquisition by requiring King
to divest Kadian to Actavis no later than
ten days after its acquisition of
Alpharma is consummated.
Headquartered in Iceland, Actavis is one
of the world’s largest generic
pharmaceutical companies. Currently,
Actavis manufactures Kadian for
Alpharma at its plant located in
Elizabeth, New Jersey. With the
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Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
divestiture, Actavis will continue to sell
Kadian in competition with Avinza and
other oral LAOs, and be able to
introduce an ‘‘authorized’’ generic
version of Kadian earlier than would
have been otherwise possible, as
Kadian’s patent expires in April of 2010.
An ‘‘authorized’’ generic is a
pharmaceutical product that was
originally marketed and sold by a brand
company but is relabeled and marketed
under a generic product name. As the
current manufacturer of Kadian for
Alpharma, Actavis has the incentive
and ability to launch the first generic
Kadian product prior to patent expiry.
The assets to be divested include all
intellectual property and regulatory
approvals, inventory, books and records,
marketing materials, and assumed
contracts necessary for Actavis to sell
Kadian as either a branded or generic
product. Because Actavis already
manufactures Kadian, no divestiture of
fixed assets, interim supply agreement,
provision of technical assistance is
required, or asset maintenance order are
required.2 The proposed order also
contains provisions designed to restrict
King’s use of confidential business
information relating to Kadian.
The FTC’s prior orders involving the
divestiture of branded pharmaceutical
products have required that any buyer
of branded products have the requisite
brand marketing experience to replace
the competition that would have been
eliminated through the transactions.
However, the Commission has
determined that the divestiture of
Kadian to the generic drug manufacturer
Actavis is an appropriate remedy in this
case because (1) with only a little over
a year left to Kadian’s patent life, further
innovation of the Kadian product is
unlikely, and (2) the proposed remedy
not only prevents the loss of price
competition between Avinza and
Kadian which was the competitive
concern identified in our investigation,
but also makes possible early
introduction of a generic product—with
lower pricing for consumers—before the
patent expires.
In the event that the Commission
determines that Actavis is not an
acceptable acquirer, the proposed order
requires the parties to unwind the sale
and then divest Kadian within six
months of the date the order becomes
final to another Commission-approved
acquirer. The proposed order also
provides that, in the event that the
Commission determines that the manner
of the divestiture is not acceptable, that
the Commission may appoint a
2 The proposed order requires the respondents to
maintain the assets pending divestiture.
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Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 2 / Monday, January 5, 2009 / Notices
divestiture trustee to effectuate such
modifications as are necessary to satisfy
the requirements of the order.
Additionally, the proposed order allows
the Commission to appoint an Interim
Monitor to ensure the respondents’
compliance with the terms of the order.
The purpose of this analysis is to
facilitate public comment on the
proposed Consent Agreement, and it is
not intended to constitute an official
interpretation of the proposed Consent
Agreement or to modify its terms in any
way.
By direction of the Commission,
Commissioner Harbour recused.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. E8–31386 Filed 1–2–09: 8:45 am]
BILLLING CODE: 6750–01–S
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
[Document Identifier: OS–0990—New]
Agency Information Collection
Request. 60-Day Public Comment
Request
Office of the Secretary, HHS.
In compliance with the requirement
of section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the
Office of the Secretary (OS), Department
of Health and Human Services, is
publishing the following summary of a
proposed information collection request
AGENCY:
for public comment. Interested persons
are invited to send comments regarding
this burden estimate or any other aspect
of this collection of information,
including any of the following subjects:
(1) The necessity and utility of the
proposed information collection for the
proper performance of the agency’s
functions; (2) the accuracy of the
estimated burden; (3) ways to enhance
the quality, utility, and clarity of the
information to be collected; and (4) the
use of automated collection techniques
or other forms of information
technology to minimize the information
collection burden. To obtain copies of
the supporting statement and any
related forms for the proposed
paperwork collections referenced above,
e-mail your request, including your
address, phone number, OMB number,
and OS document identifier, to
Sherette.funncoleman@hhs.gov, or call
the Reports Clearance Office on (202)
690–6162. Written comments and
recommendations for the proposed
information collections must be directed
to the OS Paperwork Clearance Officer
at the above e-mail address within 60days.
Proposed Project: Evaluation of the
Parents Speak Up National Campaign
(PSUNC): National Media Tracking
Surveys. OMB No. 0990–NEW–Office of
Public Health and Science, Office of
Population Affairs, Office of Adolescent
Pregnancy Programs
Abstract: The OS proposes to
conduct a national media tracking
survey as part of the Parents Speak Up
National Campaign. The U.S.
Department of Health and Human
Services (USDHHS) launched the
Parents Speak Up National Campaign
(PSUNC) in June 2007. This national
public education campaign is designed
to encourage parents of pre-teens and
teens to talk to their children early and
often about waiting to have sex. The
campaign includes public service
announcements (PSA) and print
advertisements that guide parents to the
4parents.gov Web site.
The specific aim of this study is to
determine the effectiveness of the
PSUNC messages by measuring parents’
awareness of, reactions to, and
receptivity to specific PSUNC
advertising. In partnership with
Knowledge Networks, an online panel
based on a random-digit-dial sample of
the full United States population, a
probability baseline sample will be
selected of 2,000 parents of children
aged 10 to 14.
Key research questions include
changes in the following outcomes:
Perceived risks from teen sexual
activity, perceived susceptibility,
attitudes towards teen sexual activity,
self-efficacy to talk to their child,
outcome efficacy, perceived value of
delayed sexual activity, and parentchild communication about sex. Parents
will self-administer the questionnaire at
home on personal computers.
ESTIMATED ONE-YEAR ANNUALIZED BURDEN TABLE
Forms (if necessary)
Type of respondent
Fall 2009 Media Tracking Survey
(unretained for follow-up).
Fall 2009 and Spring/Fall 2010 Media
Tracking Surveys (retained for followup).
Total ....................................................
Number of
responses per
respondent
Number of
respondents
Parents of children
ages 10–14.
Parents of children
ages 10–14.
Average burden
hours per
response
Total burden
hours
1,000
24/60
400
1,000*
2
24/60
800
2,000
..................................
1
............................
............................
1,200
* Subset of original 2,000 collected for Fall 2009 Media Tracking Survey.
Mary Oliver-Anderson,
Office of the Secretary, Paperwork Reduction
Act Reports Clearance Officer.
[FR Doc. E8–31375 Filed 1–2–09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4150–03–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Office of the Assistant Secretary for
Administration and Management;
Program Support Center; Statement of
Organization, Functions and
Delegations of Authority
This notice amends Part (P) of the
Statement of Organization, Functions
and Delegations of Authority of the
Department of Health and Human
Services (HHS), Office of the Assistant
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17:13 Jan 02, 2009
Jkt 217001
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Secretary for Administration and
Management (AJ), Program Support
Center (P), as last amended at 73 FR
39314, and dated July 9, 2008. This
notice will make the following
organizational changes in the Program
Support Center (PSC): realign the
functions of the Administrative
Operations Service (PE) and the
Enterprise Systems Service (PB), and
retitle the Enterprise Systems Service as
the Information and Systems
Management Service (ISMS) to more
accurately reflect the consolidation of
E:\FR\FM\05JAN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 2 (Monday, January 5, 2009)]
[Notices]
[Pages 295-297]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E8-31386]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
[File No. 081 0240]
King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Alpharma Inc.; Agreement
Containing Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
AGENCY: Federal Trade Commission.
ACTION: Proposed Consent Agreement.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The consent agreement in this matter settles alleged
violations of federal law prohibiting unfair or deceptive acts or
practices or unfair methods of competition. The attached Analysis to
Aid Public Comment describes both the allegations in the draft
complaint and the terms of the consent order--embodied in the consent
agreement--that would settle these allegations.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before January 27, 2009.
ADDRESSES: Interested parties are invited to submit written comments.
Comments should refer to ``King Alpharma, File No. 081 0240,'' to
facilitate the organization of comments. A comment filed in paper form
should include this reference both in the text and on the envelope, and
should be mailed or delivered to the following address: Federal Trade
Commission/Office of the Secretary, Room 135-H, 600 Pennsylvania
Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20580. Comments containing confidential
material must be filed in paper form, must be clearly labeled
``Confidential,'' and must comply with Commission Rule 4.9(c). 16 CFR
4.9(c) (2005).\1\ The FTC is requesting that any comment filed in paper
form be sent by courier or overnight service, if possible, because U.S.
postal mail in the Washington area and at the Commission is subject to
delay due to heightened security precautions. Comments that do not
contain any nonpublic information may instead be filed in electronic
form by following the instructions on the web-based form at (https://
secure.commentworks.com/ftc-KingAlpharma). To ensure that the
Commission considers an electronic comment, you must file it on that
web-based form.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The comment must be accompanied by an explicit request for
confidential treatment, including the factual and legal basis for
the request, and must identify the specific portions of the comment
to be withheld from the public record. The request will be granted
or denied by the Commission's General Counsel, consistent with
applicable law and the public interest. See Commission Rule 4.9(c),
16 CFR 4.9(c).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The FTC Act and other laws the Commission administers permit the
collection of public comments to consider and use in this proceeding as
appropriate. All timely and responsive public comments, whether filed
in paper or electronic form, will be considered by the Commission, and
will be available to the public on the FTC website, to the extent
practicable, at www.ftc.gov. As a matter of discretion, the FTC makes
every effort to remove home contact information for individuals from
the public comments it receives before placing those comments on the
FTC website. More information, including routine uses permitted by the
Privacy Act, may be found in the FTC's privacy policy, at (https://
www.ftc.gov/ftc/privacy.shtm).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James Southworth, FTC Bureau of
Competition, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, D.C. 20580, (202)
326-2822.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant to section 6(f) of the Federal
Trade Commission Act, 38 Stat. 721, 15 U.S.C. 46(f), and Sec. 2.34 of
the Commission Rules of Practice, 16 CFR 2.34, notice is hereby given
that the above-captioned consent agreement containing a consent order
to cease and desist, having been filed with and accepted, subject to
final approval, by the Commission, has been placed on the public record
for a period of thirty (30) days. The following Analysis to Aid Public
Comment describes the terms of the consent agreement, and the
allegations in the complaint. An electronic copy of the full text of
the consent agreement package can be obtained from the FTC
[[Page 296]]
Home Page (for December 29, 2008), on the World Wide Web, at (https://
www.ftc.gov/os/2008/12/index.htm). A paper copy can be obtained from
the FTC Public Reference Room, Room 130-H, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW,
Washington, D.C. 20580, either in person or by calling (202) 326-2222.
Public comments are invited, and may be filed with the Commission
in either paper or electronic form. All comments should be filed as
prescribed in the ADDRESSES section above, and must be received on or
before the date specified in the DATES section.
Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Order To Aid Public Comment
I. Introduction
The Federal Trade Commission (``Commission'') has accepted, subject
to final approval, an Agreement Containing Consent Order (``Consent
Agreement'') from King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (``King) and Alpharma Inc.
(``Alpharma''), which is designed to remedy the anticompetitive effects
of King's acquisition of Alpharma. Under the terms of the Consent
Agreement, the companies would be required to divest to Actavis all
rights to Kadian, Alpharma's branded long-acting morphine sulfate
opioid analgesic product. Kadian's patent runs until April of 2010. The
divestiture gives Actavis all rights to Kadian, restoring the
competition between Kadian and King's Avinza that would be lost with
the acquisition.
The proposed Consent Agreement has been placed on the public record
for thirty (30) days for receipt of comments by interested persons.
Comments received during this period will become part of the public
record. After thirty (30) days, the Commission will again review the
proposed Consent Agreement and the comments received, and will decide
whether it should withdraw from the proposed Consent Agreement, modify
it, or make final the Decision and Order (``Order'').
Pursuant to a merger agreement executed on November 23, 2008, King
intends to acquire all the outstanding shares of Alpharma for
approximately $1.6 billion. Both parties sell branded pharmaceuticals
in the United States. The Commission's Complaint alleges that the
proposed acquisition, if consummated, would violate Section 7 of the
Clayton Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. Sec. 18, and Section 5 of the FTC
Act, as amended, 15 U.S.C. Sec. 45. The proposed Consent Agreement
remedies the alleged violations by maintaining existing competition
between branded Kadian and Avinza, and permitting an authorized generic
version of branded Kadian to be launched prior to when the patent
expires.
II. The Competitive Effects of the Proposed Acquisition
The proposed acquisition would cause significant anticompetitive
harm by eliminating actual, direct and substantial competition between
King and Alpharma in the market for oral long acting opioid analgesics
(``oral LAOs''). The merging firms today offer the only two
competitively significant branded morphine sulfate oral LAOs, and the
evidence shows that they are particularly close competitors within the
larger oral LAO market. The loss of head-to-head competition between
King's Avinza and Alpharma's Kadian would result in higher prices for
branded ER morphine sulfate.
While King and Alpharma oral LAO products compete most directly
with each other, they also compete, to a lesser extent, with other oral
LAOs. Oral LAOs have become the standard of care for the management of
moderate-to-severe chronic pain because of their effectiveness, ease of
titration and favorable risk-to-benefit ratio. Other oral LAOs are
based on distinct chemical compounds, but all of these products have
the same mechanisms of action, similar indications, similar dosage
forms and similar dosage frequency. The most significant of the other
oral LAOs is Purdue Pharma L.P.'s OxyContin, which is four times lager
than Avinza and Kadian, combined. A fourth product, Endo
Pharmaceutical's Opana ER, also competes in the market.
As with most pharmaceutical products, entry into the manufacture
and sale of oral LAOs, is difficult, expensive and time consuming.
Developing and obtaining U.S. Food and Drug Administration (``FDA'')
approval for the manufacture and sale of oral LAOs takes at least two
years due to substantial regulatory, technological and intellectual
property barriers. As a result, new entry is unlikely to ameliorate the
anticompetitive effects of the acquisition.
III. The Consent Agreement
The order would remedy the competitive concerns raised by the
proposed acquisition by requiring King to divest Kadian to Actavis no
later than ten days after its acquisition of Alpharma is consummated.
Headquartered in Iceland, Actavis is one of the world's largest generic
pharmaceutical companies. Currently, Actavis manufactures Kadian for
Alpharma at its plant located in Elizabeth, New Jersey. With the
divestiture, Actavis will continue to sell Kadian in competition with
Avinza and other oral LAOs, and be able to introduce an ``authorized''
generic version of Kadian earlier than would have been otherwise
possible, as Kadian's patent expires in April of 2010. An
``authorized'' generic is a pharmaceutical product that was originally
marketed and sold by a brand company but is relabeled and marketed
under a generic product name. As the current manufacturer of Kadian for
Alpharma, Actavis has the incentive and ability to launch the first
generic Kadian product prior to patent expiry.
The assets to be divested include all intellectual property and
regulatory approvals, inventory, books and records, marketing
materials, and assumed contracts necessary for Actavis to sell Kadian
as either a branded or generic product. Because Actavis already
manufactures Kadian, no divestiture of fixed assets, interim supply
agreement, provision of technical assistance is required, or asset
maintenance order are required.\2\ The proposed order also contains
provisions designed to restrict King's use of confidential business
information relating to Kadian.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ The proposed order requires the respondents to maintain the
assets pending divestiture.
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The FTC's prior orders involving the divestiture of branded
pharmaceutical products have required that any buyer of branded
products have the requisite brand marketing experience to replace the
competition that would have been eliminated through the transactions.
However, the Commission has determined that the divestiture of Kadian
to the generic drug manufacturer Actavis is an appropriate remedy in
this case because (1) with only a little over a year left to Kadian's
patent life, further innovation of the Kadian product is unlikely, and
(2) the proposed remedy not only prevents the loss of price competition
between Avinza and Kadian which was the competitive concern identified
in our investigation, but also makes possible early introduction of a
generic product--with lower pricing for consumers--before the patent
expires.
In the event that the Commission determines that Actavis is not an
acceptable acquirer, the proposed order requires the parties to unwind
the sale and then divest Kadian within six months of the date the order
becomes final to another Commission-approved acquirer. The proposed
order also provides that, in the event that the Commission determines
that the manner of the divestiture is not acceptable, that the
Commission may appoint a
[[Page 297]]
divestiture trustee to effectuate such modifications as are necessary
to satisfy the requirements of the order. Additionally, the proposed
order allows the Commission to appoint an Interim Monitor to ensure the
respondents' compliance with the terms of the order.
The purpose of this analysis is to facilitate public comment on the
proposed Consent Agreement, and it is not intended to constitute an
official interpretation of the proposed Consent Agreement or to modify
its terms in any way.
By direction of the Commission, Commissioner Harbour recused.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. E8-31386 Filed 1-2-09: 8:45 am]
BILLLING CODE: 6750-01-S