Performance Specification and Quality Assurance Requirements for Continuous Parameter Monitoring Systems and Amendments to Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories, 59956-60005 [E8-22674]

Agencies

• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 197 (Thursday, October 9, 2008)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 59956-60005]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E8-22674]



[[Page 59955]]

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Part III





Environmental Protection Agency





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40 CFR Parts 60, 61, and 63



Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; National Emission 
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; and National Emission Standards 
for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories; Proposed Rule

Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 197 / Thursday, October 9, 2008 / 
Proposed Rules

[[Page 59956]]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 60, 61, and 63

[EPA-HQ-OAR-2006-0640; FRL-8721-4]
RIN 2060-AJ86


Performance Specification and Quality Assurance Requirements for 
Continuous Parameter Monitoring Systems and Amendments to Standards of 
Performance for New Stationary Sources; National Emission Standards for 
Hazardous Air Pollutants; and National Emission Standards for Hazardous 
Air Pollutants for Source Categories

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: This action proposes Performance Specification 17, 
``Specifications and Test Procedures for Continuous Parameter 
Monitoring Systems at Stationary Sources'' and Procedure 4, ``Quality 
Assurance Requirements for Continuous Parameter Monitoring Systems at 
Stationary Sources.'' The proposed performance specification and 
quality assurance requirements establish procedures and other 
requirements to ensure that the systems are properly selected, 
installed, and placed into operation. This action also proposes minor 
amendments to Procedure 1 of the ``Quality Assurance Requirements for 
Gas Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems Used for Compliance 
Determinations'' to address continuous emissions monitoring systems 
that are used for monitoring multiple pollutants. Minor changes to the 
General Provisions for the Standards of Performance for New Stationary 
Sources, the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, 
and the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for 
Source Categories are also proposed to ensure consistency between the 
proposed Performance Specification 17, Procedure 4, and the General 
Provisions and to clarify that Performance Specification 17 and 
Procedure 4 apply instead of requirements that pertain specifically to 
continuous parameter monitoring systems. Finally, this action proposes 
amendments to the current national emission standards for closed vent 
systems, control devices and recovery systems to ensure consistency 
with Performance Specification 17 and Procedure 4. These actions are 
needed to establish consistent requirements for ensuring and assessing 
the quality of data measured by continuous parameter monitoring systems 
and to provide quality assurance procedures for continuous emission 
monitoring systems used to monitor multiple pollutants.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before December 8, 2008. Under 
the Paperwork Reduction Act, comments on the information collection 
provisions must be received by the Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) on or before November 10, 2008.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-
OAR-2006-0640, by one of the following methods:
     https://www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line 
instructions for submitting comments.
     E-mail: a-and-r-Docket@epa.gov.
     Fax: (202) 566-9744.
     Mail: Performance Specification 17 and Procedure 4 for 
Continuous Parameter Monitoring Systems Docket, Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-
2006-0640, Environmental Protection Agency, EPA Docket Center, 
Mailcode: 6102T, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460. 
Please include a total of two copies. In addition, please mail a copy 
of your comments on the information collection provisions to the Office 
of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB), Attn: Desk Officer for EPA, 725 17th St., NW., Washington, DC 
20503.
     Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, Public Reading Room, EPA 
West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460. 
Such deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of 
operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of 
boxed information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-
2006-0640. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at 
https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you 
consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through https://
www.regulations.gov or e-mail. The https://www.regulations.gov Web site 
is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your 
identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of 
your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without 
going through https://www.regulations.gov your e-mail address will be 
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is 
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you 
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name 
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any 
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to 
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA 
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid 
the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of 
any defects or viruses.
    Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the https://
www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
in https://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the EPA Air Docket, 
EPA/DC, EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, 
DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the 
Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the 
Air Docket is (202) 566-1742.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Barrett Parker, Sector Policies 
and Programs Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 
(D243-05), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 
North Carolina 27711, telephone number: (919) 541-5635; e-mail address: 
parker.barrett@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
    Outline. The information presented in this preamble is organized as 
follows:

I. General Information
    A. Does this action apply to you?
    B. What should you consider as you prepare your comments to EPA?
    C. Where can you get a copy of this document and other related 
information?
    D. Will there be a public hearing?
II. Background
    A. What is the regulatory history of the proposed PS-17 and 
Procedure 4?
    B. What is the regulatory history of the proposed amendments to 
Procedure 1?
    C. What is the regulatory history of the proposed amendments to 
the General Provisions to parts 60, 61, and 63?
    D. What is the regulatory history of the proposed amendments to 
40 CFR part 63, subpart SS?

[[Page 59957]]

III. Summary of Proposed Performance Specification 17
    A. What is the purpose of PS-17?
    B. Who must comply with PS-17?
    C. When must owners or operators of affected CPMS comply with 
PS-17?
    D. What are the basic requirements of PS-17?
    E. What initial performance criteria must be demonstrated to 
comply with PS-17?
    F. What are the reporting and recordkeeping requirements for PS-
17?
IV. Summary of Proposed Procedure 4
    A. What is the purpose of Procedure 4?
    B. Who must comply with Procedure 4?
    C. When must owners or operators of affected CPMS comply with 
Procedure 4?
    D. What are the basic requirements of Procedure 4?
    E. How often must accuracy audits and other QA/QC procedures be 
performed?
    F. What are the reporting and recordkeeping requirements for 
Procedure 4?
V. Summary of Proposed Amendments to Procedure 1
    A. What is the purpose of the amendments?
    B. To whom do the amendments apply?
    C. How do the amendments address CEMS that are subject to PS-9?
    D. How do the amendments address CEMS that are subject to PS-15?
VI. Summary of Proposed Amendments to the General Provisions to 
Parts 60, 61, and 63
    A. What is the purpose of the amendments to the General 
Provisions to parts 60, 61, and 63?
    B. What specific changes are we proposing to the General 
Provisions to parts 60, 61, and 63?
VII. Summary of the Proposed Amendments to 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart 
SS
    A. What is the purpose of the amendments to subpart SS?
    B. What specific changes are we proposing to subpart SS?
VIII. Rationale for Selecting the Proposed Requirements of 
Performance Specification 17
    A. What information did we use to develop PS-17?
    B. How did we select the applicability criteria for PS-17?
    C. How did we select the parameters that are addressed by PS-17?
    D. Why did we include requirements for flow CPMS in PS-17 if PS-
6 already specifies requirements for flow sensors?
    E. How did we select the equipment requirements?
    F. How did we select the installation and location requirements?
    G. How did we select the initial QA measures?
    H. How did we select the methods for performing the initial 
validation check?
    I. How did we select the performance criteria for the initial 
validation check?
    J. How did we select the recordkeeping requirements?
IX. Rationale for Selecting the Proposed Requirements of Procedure 4
    A. What information did we use to develop Procedure 4?
    B. Why did we decide to apply Procedure 4 to all CPMS that are 
subject to PS-17?
    C. How did we select the accuracy audit procedures?
    D. How did we select the accuracy audit frequencies?
    E. How did we select the performance criteria for accuracy 
audits?
    F. How did we select the recordkeeping requirements?
X. Rationale for Selecting the Proposed Amendments to Procedure 1
    A. How did we select the amendments to Procedure 1 that apply to 
PS-9?
    B. How did we select the amendments to Procedure 1 that apply to 
PS-15?
XI. Rationale for Selecting the Proposed Amendments to the General 
Provisions to Parts 60, 61, and 63
    A. How did we select the amendments to the General Provisions to 
parts 60, 61, and 63?
XII. Rationale for Selecting the Proposed Amendments to 40 CFR Part 
63, Subpart SS
    A. How did we select the amendments to subpart SS?
XIII. Summary of Environmental, Energy, and Economic Impacts
    A. What are the impacts of PS-17 and Procedure 4?
    B. What are the impacts of the amendments to Procedure 1?
    C. What are the impacts of the amendments to the General 
Provisions to parts 60, 61, and 63?
    D. What are the impacts of the amendments to subpart SS?
XIV. Solicitation of Comments and Public Participation
XV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
    B. Paperwork Reduction Act
    C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
    D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
    E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With 
Indian Tribal Governments
    G. Executive Order 13045, Protection of Children From 
Environmental Health Risks & Safety Risks
    H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect 
Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
    I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act
    J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address 
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income 
Populations

I. General Information

A. Does this action apply to you?

    The proposed Performance Specification 17 (PS-17) and Procedure 4 
would apply to any facility that is required to install a new 
continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS), relocate an existing 
CPMS, or replace an existing CPMS under any applicable subpart of 40 
CFR parts 60, 61, or 63, with certain exceptions. Moreover, the 
proposed PS-17 and Procedure 4 would become effective upon permit 
renewal (or within 5 years for area sources that are exempt from title 
V permitting) for any affected facility subject to an applicable 
subpart of 40 CFR parts 60, 61, or 63, with certain exceptions. Table 1 
of this preamble lists the applicable rules by subpart and the 
corresponding source categories to which the proposed PS-17 and 
Procedure 4 would apply.

                    Table 1--Source Categories That Would Be Subject to PS-17 and Procedure 4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Subpart(s)                                             Source category
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 40 CFR part 63
����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
O...................................  Commercial Ethylene Oxide Sterilization/Fumigation Facilities.
R...................................  Gasoline Distribution Facilities (Bulk Gasoline Terminals and Pipeline
                                       Breakout Stations).
S...................................  Pulp and Paper--Process Operations.
X...................................  Secondary Lead Smelters.
EE..................................  Magnetic Tape Manufacturing Operations.
GG..................................  Aerospace Manufacturing and Rework.
HH..................................  Oil and Natural Gas Production Facilities.
JJ..................................  Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations.
KK..................................  Printing and Publishing.
MM..................................  Combustion Sources at Kraft, Soda & Sulfite Pulp & Paper Mills.

[[Page 59958]]

 
YY..................................  Spandex.
YY..................................  Cyanide Chemical Manufacture.
YY..................................  Carbon Black Production.
CCC.................................  Steel Pickling--HCl Process Facilities and Hydrochloric Acid Regeneration
                                       Plants.
EEE.................................  Hazardous Waste Combustors.
GGG.................................  Pharmaceuticals Production.
HHH.................................  Natural Gas Transmission and Storage Facilities.
MMM.................................  Pesticide Active Ingredient Production.
NNN.................................  Wool Fiberglass Manufacturing.
RRR.................................  Secondary Aluminum Production.
UUU.................................  Petroleum Refineries: Catalytic Cracking Units, Catalytic Reforming Units,
                                       and Sulfur Recovery Units.
DDDD................................  Plywood & Composite Wood Products.
EEEE................................  Organic Liquids Distribution (non-gasoline).
FFFF................................  Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing.
HHHH................................  Wet-Formed Fiberglass Mat Production.
IIII................................  Surface Coating of Automobiles and Light Duty Trucks.
JJJJ................................  Paper & Other Web (surface coating).
KKKK................................  Surface Coating of Metal Cans.
PPPP................................  Surface Coating of Plastic Parts & Products.
QQQQ................................  Surface Coating of Wood Building Products.
RRRR................................  Surface Coating of Metal Furniture.
SSSS................................  Surface Coating of Metal Coil.
UUUU................................  Cellulose Products Manufacturing.
VVVV................................  Boat Manufacturing.
WWWW................................  Reinforced Plastics Composites Production.
XXXX................................  Rubber Tire Manufacturing.
YYYY................................  Stationary Combustion Turbines.
ZZZZ................................  Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines.
CCCCC...............................  Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, & Battery Stacks.
DDDDD...............................  Industrial/Commercial/Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters.
EEEEE...............................  Iron and Steel Foundries.
FFFFF...............................  Integrated Iron and Steel Manufacturing Facilities.
GGGGG...............................  Site Remediation.
HHHHH...............................  Miscellaneous Coating Manufacturing.
MMMMM...............................  Flexible Polyurethane Foam Fabrication Operations.
NNNNN...............................  Hydrochloric Acid Production.
PPPPP...............................  Engine Test Cells/Stands.
QQQQQ...............................  Friction Materials.
RRRRR...............................  Taconite Iron Ore Processing.
TTTTT...............................  Primary Magnesium Refining.
ZZZZZ...............................  Iron and Steel Foundries Area Sources.
LLLLLL..............................  Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production Area Sources.
OOOOOO..............................  Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production and Fabrication Area Sources.
PPPPPP..............................  Lead Acid Battery Manufacturing Area Sources.
SSSSSS..............................  Glass Manufacturing Area Sources.
�������������������������������������
                                                 40 CFR part 60
����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
Ea..................................  Municipal Waste Combustors after December 20, 1989 and on or before
                                       September 20, 1994.
Ec..................................  Hospital, Medical, and Infectious Waste Incinerators.
J...................................  Petroleum Refineries.
O...................................  Sewage Treatment Plants.
T, U, V, W, X.......................  Phosphate Fertilizer Industry.
Y...................................  Coal Preparation Plants (>200 tons per day).
Z...................................  Ferroalloy Production Facilities.
AA..................................  Steel Plants: EAF's and Oxygen Decarburization Vessels after October 21,
                                       1974 and on or before August 17, 1983.
BB..................................  Kraft Pulp Mills.
HH..................................  Lime Manufacturing Plants.
LL..................................  Metallic Mineral Processing Plants.
NN..................................  Phosphate rock plants (with prod. capacity >4 ton/hr).
PP..................................  Ammonium Sulfate Manufacture.
RR..................................  Pressure Sensitive Tape and Label Surface Coating Operations.
FFF.................................  Flexible Vinyl and Urethane Coating and Printing.
LLL.................................  Onshore Natural Gas Processing: SO2 Emissions.

[[Page 59959]]

 
UUU.................................  Calciners and Dryers in Mineral Industries.
VVV.................................  Polymeric Coating of Supporting Substrates Facilities.
AAAA................................  Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units Constructed after August 30, 1999.
�������������������������������������
                                                 40 CFR part 61
����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
K...................................  Radionuclide Emissions from Elemental Phosphorus Plants.
L...................................  Benzene from Coke By-Product Recovery Plants.
BB..................................  Benzene Emissions from Benzene Transfer Operations.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The requirements of the proposed PS-17 and Procedure 4 may also 
apply to stationary sources located in a State, District, Reservation, 
or Territory that adopts PS-17 or Procedure 4 in its implementation 
plan. The exceptions to the applicability criteria for PS-17 and 
Procedure 4 are those source categories that are subject to part 63 
rules that specify that Sec.  63.8(a)(2) of the General Provisions for 
the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) 
for Source Categories in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A does not apply to 
the source category. Section 63.8(a)(2) specifies that rules 
promulgated under part 63 are subject to the monitoring provisions of 
Sec.  63.8 upon promulgation of performance specifications (i.e., the 
proposed PS-17). Consequently, rules which specify that Sec.  
63.8(a)(2) does not apply, are not subject to PS-17 or Procedure 4. 
Table 2 of this preamble lists the part 63 rules that require CPMS but 
would not be subject to PS-17 or Procedure 4 for this reason.

                           Table 2--Part 63 Rules Not Subject to PS-17 or Procedure 4
                                       [Sec.   63.8(a)(2) does not apply]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Subpart(s)                                            Source category
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
F, G, H, I.....................................  Hazardous Organic NESHAP.
U..............................................  Polymers and Resins (Group I).
AA.............................................  Phosphoric Acid Plants.
BB.............................................  Phosphate Fertilizer Production.
CC.............................................  Petroleum Refineries.
DD.............................................  Offsite Waste and Recovery Operations.
DDD............................................  Mineral Wool.
III............................................  Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production.
JJJ............................................  Polymers and Resins (Group IV).
LLL............................................  Portland Cement Manufacturing.
OOO............................................  Amino/Phenolic Resins Production.
PPP............................................  Polyether Polyols Production.
AAAA...........................................  Municipal Solid Waste Landfills.
TTTT...........................................  Leather Tanning and Finishing Operations.
IIIII..........................................  Mercury Cell Chlor-Alkali Plants.
LLLLL..........................................  Asphalt Roofing and Processing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The standard industrial classification (SIC) codes and North 
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes that correspond 
to potentially regulated entities are listed in Tables 3 and 4 of this 
preamble, respectively. To determine the specific types of industry 
referenced by the SIC or NAICS codes, go to https://www.osha.gov/pls/
imis/sic_manual.html or https://www.osha.gov/oshstats/naics-
manual.html, respectively.

[[Page 59960]]



          Table 3--SIC Codes for Potentially Regulated Entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                SIC code
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
12, 42, 44, 47, 109, 279, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 289, 386,
 1011, 1021, 1031, 1041, 1044, 1051, 1061, 1099, 1311, 1321, 1411, 1422,
 1423, 1429, 1442, 1445, 1446, 1454, 1455, 1459, 1474, 1475, 1479, 1492,
 1496, 1499, 2034, 2035, 2046, 2099, 2211, 2241, 2295, 2296, 2392, 2394,
 2396, 2399, 2421, 2426, 2429, 2431, 2435, 2436, 2439, 2441, 2448, 2449,
 2451, 2452, 2491, 2493, 2499, 2514, 2522, 2531, 2542, 2599, 2611, 2621,
 2631, 2652, 2653, 2655, 2656, 2657, 2671, 2672, 2673, 2674, 2675, 2676,
 2677, 2678, 2679, 2711, 2721, 2741, 2754, 2759, 2761, 2771, 2812, 2813,
 2816, 2819, 2821, 2822, 2823, 2824, 2832, 2833, 2834, 2835, 2836, 2841,
 2842, 2843, 2844, 2851, 2861, 2865, 2869, 2873, 2874, 2875, 2879, 2891,
 2892, 2893, 2895, 2899, 2911, 2951, 2952, 2992, 2999, 3011, 3021, 3052,
 3053, 3061, 3069, 3074, 3079, 3081, 3082, 3083, 3084, 3085, 3086, 3087,
 3088, 3089, 3111, 3131, 3142, 3143, 3144, 3149, 3161, 3171, 3172, 3199,
 3211, 3221, 3229, 3274, 3281, 3291, 3292, 3295, 3296, 3299, 3312, 3313,
 3315, 3316, 3317, 3321, 3322, 3324, 3325, 3329, 3331, 3334, 3339, 3341,
 3351, 3353, 3354, 3355, 3356, 3357, 3363, 3364, 3365, 3366, 3369, 3398,
 3399, 3411, 3412, 3421, 3423, 3425, 3429, 3431, 3432, 3441, 3442, 3443,
 3444, 3446, 3448, 3449, 3451, 3452, 3462, 3463, 3465, 3466, 3469, 3471,
 3479, 3482, 3483, 3484, 3489, 3491, 3492, 3493, 3494, 3495, 3497, 3499,
 3511, 3519, 3523, 3524, 3531, 3537, 3543, 3545, 3559, 3562, 3566, 3568,
 3569, 3579, 3585, 3592, 3599, 3621, 3634, 3639, 3644, 3645, 3646, 3647,
 3663, 3677, 3691, 3693, 3694, 3695, 3711, 3713, 3714, 3715, 3716, 3720,
 3721, 3724, 3726, 3728, 3731, 3732, 3743, 3751, 3760, 3761, 3764, 3765,
 3769, 3792, 3795, 3799, 3821, 3829, 3841, 3842, 3843, 3851, 3861, 3911,
 3914, 3915, 3931, 3942, 3944, 3949, 3951, 3952, 3953, 3955, 3961, 3965,
 3991, 3993, 3995, 3996, 3999, 4225, 4226, 4512, 4581, 4612, 4911, 4922,
 4923, 4924, 4925, 4931, 4932, 4939, 4941, 4952, 4953, 4961, 4971, 5086,
 5122, 5149, 5169, 5171, 5172, 5541, 5995, 7218, 7231, 7241, 7391, 7397,
 7399, 7534, 7538, 7539, 7641, 7699, 7911, 7999, 8062, 8063, 8069, 8071,
 8072, 8091, 8211, 8221, 8222, 8231, 8243, 8244, 8249, 8299, 8411, 8711,
 8731, 8734, 8741, 8748, 8922, 9511, 9661, 9711
------------------------------------------------------------------------


         Table 4--NAICS Codes for Potentially Regulated Entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               NAICS code
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
211, 221, 316, 321, 322, 324, 325, 326, 331, 332, 336, 339, 611, 622,
 2123, 2211, 3231, 3241, 3251, 3252, 3253, 3254, 3255, 3256, 3259, 3271,
 3273, 3274, 3279, 3327, 3328, 3329, 3332, 3335, 3339, 3341, 3342, 3343,
 3344, 3361, 3362, 3363, 4227, 5622, 5629, 21221, 22121, 22132, 31332,
 32211, 32222, 32411, 32613, 32614, 32615, 32791, 33422, 33634, 33992,
 33995, 42269, 42271, 45431, 48611, 48621, 49311, 49319, 51113, 51114,
 51223, 54171, 56220, 56221, 56292, 81142, 92411, 92711, 92811, 111998,
 112519, 112910, 112990, 211111, 211112, 212111, 212112, 212113, 212210,
 212221, 212222, 212231, 212234, 212299, 212319, 212322, 212324, 212325,
 212393, 212399, 213113, 221112, 221320, 238910, 311211, 311212, 311221,
 311225, 311340, 311421, 311423, 311823, 311830, 311911, 311920, 311941,
 311942, 311991, 311999, 313210, 313320, 314911, 314992, 315299, 315999,
 321211, 321212, 321213, 321214, 321219, 321911, 321918, 321999, 322110,
 322121, 322122, 322130, 322211, 322212, 322213, 322215, 322221, 322222,
 322223, 322224, 322225, 322226, 322231, 322291, 322299, 323111, 323112,
 323116, 323119, 324121, 324199, 325131, 325181, 325182, 325188, 325192,
 325199, 325211, 325221, 325222, 325311, 325312, 325320, 325411, 325412,
 325991, 326111, 326113, 326121, 326122, 326150, 326191, 326192, 326199,
 326211, 326212, 326299, 327211, 327212, 327213, 327410, 327991, 327992,
 327993, 327999, 331111, 331112, 331210, 331221, 331222, 331312, 331315,
 331316, 331319, 331419, 331492, 331511, 331512, 331513, 331521, 331524,
 332115, 332116, 332212, 332431, 332612, 332618, 332812, 332912, 332951,
 332999, 333111, 333112, 333120, 333313, 333319, 333611, 333612, 333613,
 333618, 334613, 335121, 335122, 335312, 335911, 336111, 336112, 336120,
 336211, 336213, 336214, 336312, 336350, 336399, 336411, 336412, 336413,
 336414, 336415, 336419, 336612, 336992, 336999, 337124, 337127, 337214,
 337215, 339111, 339112, 339114, 339911, 339912, 339914, 339999, 424690,
 424720, 425110, 425120, 481111, 483111, 483112, 483113, 483114, 483211,
 483212, 484110, 484121, 484122, 484210, 484220, 484230, 487210, 488111,
 488119, 488190, 488310, 488320, 488330, 488390, 488490, 492110, 492210,
 493110, 493120, 493130, 493190, 511199, 531130, 532411, 541380, 541710,
 541990, 561720, 562111, 562112, 562119, 562213, 562219, 611310, 611692,
 622110, 622310, 713930, 811111, 811118, 811310, 811411, 811420, 924110,
 928110
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The proposed amendments to Procedure 1 (40 CFR part 60, appendix F) 
would apply to any facility that operates a continuous emission 
monitoring system (CEMS) that is subject to PS-9 or PS-15 (40 CFR part 
60, appendix B) and also must comply with 40 CFR part 60, appendix F. 
The proposed amendments to the General Provisions to 40 CFR parts 60, 
61, and 63 would apply to the same facilities that the proposed PS-17 
and Procedure 4 would apply. The proposed amendments to 40 CFR part 63, 
subpart SS, would apply to producers and coproducers of hydrogen 
cyanide; sodium cyanide; carbon black by thermal-oxidative 
decomposition in a closed system, thermal decomposition in a cyclic 
process, or thermal decomposition in a continuous process; ethylene 
from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons; and spandex by reaction 
spinning.
    To determine whether your facility would be regulated by this 
action, you should examine the applicability criteria in section 1.2 of 
proposed PS-17 and the applicability criteria in the part 60, 61, or 63 
standard to which your facility is subject. If you have any questions 
regarding the applicability of this action to a particular entity, 
consult either the air permit authority for the entity or your EPA 
regional representative as listed in Sec.  63.13 of the General 
Provisions to part 63 (40 CFR part 63, subpart A).

B. What should you consider as you prepare your comments for EPA?

    Do not submit information containing CBI to EPA through https://
www.regulations.gov or e-mail. Send or deliver information identified 
as CBI only to the following address: Roberto Morales, OAQPS Document 
Control Officer (C404-02), U.S. EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and 
Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attention 
Docket ID EPA-HQ-OAR-2006-0640. Clearly mark the part or all of the 
information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or 
CD-ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD-ROM as 
CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CD-ROM the 
specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one 
complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as 
CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information 
claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. 
Information so marked will not be disclosed except in accordance with 
procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.

[[Page 59961]]

C. Where can you get a copy of this document and other related 
information?

    In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of 
these proposed actions will also be available on the Worldwide Web 
(WWW) through the Technology Transfer Network (TTN). A copy of this 
proposed action will be posted on the TTN's policy and guidance page 
for newly proposed or promulgated rules at the following address: 
https://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/. The TTN provides information and 
technology exchange in various areas of air pollution control.

D. Will there be a public hearing?

    The EPA will hold a public hearing on this proposed rule only if 
requested by November 10, 2008. The request for a public hearing should 
be made in writing and addressed to Mr. Barrett Parker, Sector Policies 
and Programs Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 
(D243-05), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle 
Park, North Carolina 27711. The hearing, if requested, will be held on 
a date and at a place published in a separate Federal Register notice.

II. Background

A. What is the regulatory history of the proposed PS-17 and Procedure 
4?

    Monitoring of emissions, control device operating parameters, and 
process operations has been a requirement of many of the emission 
standards that we have promulgated under the authority of the Clean Air 
Act (CAA). Recognizing the need for good quality data, we initially 
developed performance specifications for CEMS. These performance 
specifications stipulate CEMS equipment design, location, and 
installation requirements and focus on the initial performance of CEMS. 
To address the ongoing performance of CEMS, we developed quality 
assurance (QA) procedures.
    The basis for performance specifications for CPMS was initially 
established by the General Provisions for Standards of Performance for 
New Stationary Sources in 40 CFR part 60, subpart A. Section 60.13(a), 
which addresses monitoring requirements, states that ``* * * all 
continuous monitoring systems required under applicable subparts shall 
be subject to the provisions of this section upon promulgation of 
performance specifications for continuous monitoring systems under 
appendix B to this part * * *'' As defined in Sec.  60.2, these 
``continuous monitoring systems'' include those systems that are used 
to measure and record process parameters. Section 60.13 specifies basic 
requirements for the installation, validation, and operation of 
continuous monitoring systems, including CPMS. General recordkeeping 
requirements for CPMS required under part 60 are specified in Sec.  
60.7(f).
    Section 61.14 of the NESHAP General Provisions in 40 CFR part 61, 
subpart A also addresses CPMS, although in less detail than does Sec.  
60.13. Included in the requirements for CPMS under part 61 are 
provisions for the general operation and maintenance of continuous 
monitoring systems, monitoring system performance evaluations, and 
recordkeeping.
    With the enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (1990 
Amendments), we have placed increased emphasis on the collection and 
use of monitoring data as a means of ensuring continuous compliance 
with emission standards. In response to the mandates of the 1990 
Amendments, we incorporated into the General Provisions to part 63, 
basic requirements for all continuous monitoring systems (CMS). Section 
63.2 broadly defines CMS to include CPMS, as well as CEMS and other 
forms of monitoring that are used to demonstrate compliance with 
applicable regulations. In Sec.  63.8(a)(2), the General Provisions 
specify that, ``* * * all CMS required under relevant standards shall 
be subject to the provisions of this section upon promulgation of 
performance specifications for CMS as specified in the relevant 
standard or otherwise by the Administrator.'' As is the case for part 
60, the General Provisions to part 63 establish the need for 
performance specifications for CPMS.
    Rules promulgated under parts 60, 61, and 63 generally require 
owners or operators of affected sources to use CPMS to monitor the 
performance of emission control devices associated with those sources. 
Although many of these standards specify general design, installation, 
and calibration requirements for CPMS, these rules do not include 
specific performance requirements for CPMS. In addition, neither the 
General Provisions nor the subparts to parts 60, 61, and 63 fully 
specify procedures and criteria for ensuring that CPMS provide good 
quality data initially and on an ongoing basis. By proposing a new 
performance specification and QA procedure specifically for CPMS, we 
would be establishing standards for the design, installation, 
operation, and maintenance of CPMS that will help to ensure the 
generation of good quality data on a consistent basis.
    The proposed requirements for CPMS also reflect EPA's commitment to 
improving the quality of data collected and disseminated by the Agency. 
Although we have always recognized its importance, there has been 
increased emphasis on ensuring data quality in response to section 515 
of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal 
Year 2001 (Pub. L. 106-554), which directs the OMB to issue guidelines 
that ``provide policy and procedural guidance to Federal agencies for 
ensuring and maximizing the quality, objectivity, utility, and 
integrity of information * * * disseminated by Federal agencies.'' On 
September 28, 2001, OMB issued final Guidelines for Ensuring and 
Maximizing the Quality, Objectivity, Utility, and Integrity of 
Information Disseminated by Federal Agencies (66 FR 49718). These 
guidelines require Federal agencies to adopt ``* * * a basic standard 
of quality (including objectivity, utility, and integrity) as a 
performance goal and should take appropriate steps to incorporate 
information quality criteria into agency dissemination practices.'' The 
guidelines also require agencies to ``* * * develop a process for 
reviewing the quality (including objectivity, utility, and integrity) 
of information before it is disseminated * * *'' and that the process 
must ``* * * enable the agency to substantiate the quality of the 
information it has disseminated through documentation or other means 
appropriate to the information.''
    In response to the OMB guidelines, we developed ``Guidelines for 
Ensuring and Maximizing the Quality, Objectivity, Utility, and 
Integrity of Information Disseminated by the Environmental Protection 
Agency'' (EPA/260R-02-008, October 2002). As noted in these guidelines, 
we are committed to ensuring the quality control of information 
collected through regulatory requirements, such as this proposed rule, 
by specifying analytical procedures for data collection and sample 
analysis that will produce good quality data. We believe the procedures 
specified in the proposed PS-17 and Procedure 4 will help to ensure the 
quality of data measured and recorded by affected CPMS, which may 
subsequently be collected and disseminated by EPA.
    This proposed rule also represents an important part of our efforts 
to implement the recommendations developed by the Air Quality 
Management Work Group in response to the National Research Council 
(NRC) report on Air Quality Management in the United States. 
Specifically, the

[[Page 59962]]

recommendations developed by the Work Group call for improving 
emissions factors and other emissions estimation methods and reducing 
the uncertainty in emissions inventories and air quality modeling 
applications. When emissions factors and other methods are used to 
estimate emissions from controlled sources, the assumption is that the 
control device is operating properly. The improved monitoring of air 
pollution control device parameters that would be achieved by the 
proposed PS-17 and Procedure 4 would help to ensure that affected 
control devices are operated properly, and, when problems arise, 
corrective action is taken in a timely manner. Furthermore, the 
improved monitoring will help to reduce the uncertainty and improve the 
reliability of emission estimates that typically are based on the 
assumptions that emission controls are being operated properly and are 
performing as designed.

B. What is the regulatory history of the proposed amendments to 
Procedure 1?

    Quality Assurance Procedure 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, 
specifies QA procedures for CEMS. At the time that Procedure 1 was 
promulgated, affected CEMS were designed to monitor a single gaseous 
pollutant. Since that time, emission standards have been promulgated 
under parts 60, 61, and 63 that require the installation and operation 
of CEMS that monitor multiple pollutants. Although most of the 
provisions of Procedure 1 can be applied directly to multiple pollutant 
CEMS, there are differences in how multiple pollutant CEMS operate and 
how their performance should be assessed. We are proposing amendments 
to Procedure 1 to address those differences.

C. What is the regulatory history of the proposed amendments to the 
General Provisions to parts 60, 61, and 63?

    The only purpose of these proposed amendments to the General 
Provisions to parts 60 and 61 is to ensure consistency between those 
provisions, the applicable subparts to parts 60 and 61 that require the 
use of CPMS, and the requirements of the proposed PS-17 and Procedure 
4. As this is the initial proposal of PS-17 and Procedure 4, there is 
no regulatory history to these proposed amendments to the General 
Provisions to parts 60 and 61.
    We proposed amendments to the monitoring requirements of the 
General Provisions to part 63 on March 23, 2001 (66 FR 16318) and 
promulgated those amendments on April 5, 2002 (67 FR 16582). At the 
time we proposed those amendments, we had not yet developed PS-17 or 
Procedure 4. As a result, the amendments to the General Provisions, 
which were incorporated into Sec.  63.8, are not consistent with the 
requirements of PS-17 and Procedure 4 that we are now proposing. With 
this proposal of PS-17 and Procedure 4, we decided that additional 
amendments to the General Provisions to part 63 were needed to ensure 
consistency between subpart A of part 63, PS-17, Procedure 4, and the 
applicable subparts to part 63 that require CPMS.

D. What is the regulatory history of the proposed amendments to 40 CFR 
part 63, subpart SS?

    On June 29, 1999, we promulgated the consolidated rulemaking 
proposal for the ``generic MACT standards'' program (64 FR 34866). The 
generic MACT program established an alternative methodology for making 
maximum achievable control technology (MACT) determinations for 
appropriate small categories by referring to previous MACT standards 
that have been promulgated for similar sources in other categories. 
Initially, the generic MACT standards applied to four source 
categories: Acetal Resins Production, Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers 
Production, Hydrogen Fluoride Production, and Polycarbonate Production. 
We included in the consolidated rulemaking package general control 
requirements for certain types of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) 
emissions from storage vessels containing organic materials, process 
vents emitting organic vapors, and leaks from equipment components. We 
also established a separate subpart SS, which specifies requirements 
for closed vent systems, control devices, recovery devices and routing 
emissions to fuel gas systems or a process. We included in Sec.  63.996 
of subpart SS general monitoring requirements for control and recovery 
devices. On December 6, 2000, we proposed revisions to the monitoring 
requirements of subpart SS (65 FR 76444). Those proposed revisions 
specified in greater detail the requirements for CPMS that are used to 
monitor temperature, pressure, or pH. At the time these revisions to 
subpart SS were proposed, we were in the early stages of developing PS-
17 and Procedure 4 and had not yet refined many of the requirements for 
CPMS that we are proposing today. However, with this proposal of PS-17 
and Procedure 4, we concluded that it would be appropriate to propose 
further amendments to subpart SS to ensure consistency with PS-17 and 
Procedure 4.

III. Summary of Proposed Performance Specification 17

A. What is the purpose of PS-17?

    The purpose of PS-17 is to establish the initial installation and 
performance procedures that are required for evaluating the 
acceptability of a CPMS that is used to monitor specific process or 
control device parameters. The specific parameters that would be 
addressed by the proposed PS-17 are temperature, pressure, liquid flow 
rate, gas flow rate, mass flow rate, pH, and conductivity. Mass flow 
rate includes the mass flow of liquids as well as solids, such as the 
flow of powders or dry solid material into a processing unit. As 
proposed, the requirements for the selection, installation, and 
validation of CPMS specified in PS-17 would apply instead of the 
corresponding requirements in an applicable subpart to parts 60, 61, or 
63 that requires the use of CPMS for monitoring temperature, pressure, 
flow rate, pH, or conductivity.

B. Who must comply with PS-17?

    The proposed PS-17 would apply to CPMS that are used to monitor 
temperature, pressure, liquid flow rate, gas flow rate, mass flow rate, 
pH, or conductivity as indicators of good control device performance or 
emission source operation. If adopted as a final rule, owners and 
operators of emission sources that would be required to install and 
operate any such CPMS under any subpart of parts 60, 61, or 63 (listed 
in Table 1 of this preamble) would be required to comply with PS-17, 
with the exception of facilities that are subject to the part 63 rules 
that are listed in Table 2 of this preamble. In addition to new CPMS 
that are installed after the proposed effective date of PS-17, existing 
CPMS that are required under parts 60, 61, or 63 also would be required 
to comply with PS-17.

C. When must owners or operators of affected CPMS comply with PS-17?

    Owners and operators of affected existing CPMS that were installed 
prior to the effective date of this rule and are located at facilities 
that are required to obtain a title V operating permit would be 
required to comply with PS-17 when they renew their title V permit, or 
when they replace any key components of an affected CPMS. The key 
components of a CPMS are the sensors, data recorders, and any other 
parts of the CPMS that affect overall system accuracy, measurement 
range, or measurement resolution. Owners and operators of affected 
existing CPMS that were installed prior to the effective date of this 
rulemaking and are located at area

[[Page 59963]]

source facilities that are exempt from obtaining a title V operating 
permit would be required to comply with PS-17 within 5 years of the 
effective date of this rule, or when they replace any key components of 
an affected CPMS. Owners and operators of new affected CPMS would have 
to comply with the proposed PS-17 when they install and place into 
operation the affected CPMS.

D. What are the basic requirements of PS-17?

    The proposed PS-17 would require owners and operators of affected 
CPMS to: (1) Select a CPMS that satisfies basic equipment design 
criteria; (2) install their CPMS according to standard procedures; (3) 
validate their CPMS prior to placing it into operation; and (4) record 
and maintain information on their CPMS and its operation. The technical 
rationales for proposed criteria, specifications, and other related 
requirements of PS-17 are described in section VIII of this document.
1. Equipment Selection
    Two types of equipment would be needed for complying with PS-17: 
(1) the components that comprise the CPMS, and (2) the equipment that 
is used to validate the CPMS. For CPMS components, PS-17 would require 
the selection of equipment that can satisfy basic criteria for 
measurement range, resolution, and overall system accuracy.
    For CPMS components, PS-17 does not specify sensor design criteria, 
allowing affected owners and operators to select any equipment, 
provided the CPMS meets the accuracy requirements for the initial 
validation. However, PS-17 would identify voluntary consensus standards 
that can be used as guidelines for selecting specific types of sensors.
    For a temperature CPMS, PS-17 would require a sensor that is 
consistent with one of the following standards: (1) ASTM E235-06, 
``Specification for Thermocouples, Sheathed, Type K, for Nuclear or 
Other High-Reliability Applications''; (2) ASTM E585/E585M-04, 
``Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base 
Metal Thermocouple Cables''; (3) ASTM E608/E608M-06, ``Specification 
for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples''; (4) 
ASTM E696-07, ``Specification for Tungsten-Rhenium Alloy Thermocouple 
Wire''; (5) ASTM E1129/E1129M-98 (2002), ``Standard Specification for 
Thermocouple Connectors''; (6) ASTM E 1159-98 (2003), ``Specification 
for Thermocouple Materials, Platinum-Rhodium Alloys, and Platinum''; 
(7) ISA-MC96.1-1982, ``Temperature Measurement Thermocouples''; or (8) 
ASTM E 1137/E 1137M-04, ``Standard Specification for Industrial 
Platinum Resistance Thermometers'' (incorporated by reference-see Sec.  
60.17)
    For a pressure CPMS that uses a pressure gauge as the sensor, PS-17 
would require a gauge that conforms to the design requirements of ASME 
B40.100-2005, ``Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments'' (incorporated 
by reference-see Sec.  60.17).
2. Range
    With respect to measurement range, this proposed rule would require 
that temperature, pressure, flow rate, and conductivity CPMS be capable 
of measuring the appropriate parameter over a range that extends at 
least 20 percent beyond the normal expected operating range of values 
for that parameter. For example, if the pressure drop measurement 
across a scrubber typically ranges from 5.0 to 7.5 kilopascals (kPa) 
(20 to 30 inches of water column (in. wc)), the range of the data 
recorder for a CPMS that monitors that pressure drop would have to 
extend from at least 4.0 to 9.0 kPa (16 to 36 in. wc). For pH CPMS, the 
proposed PS-17 would require that the CPMS data recorder range covers 
the entire pH scale from 0 to 14.
3. Resolution
    The data recording system associated with affected CPMS would 
require a resolution that is equal to or better than one-half of the 
required system accuracy. For example, if a temperature CPMS is 
required to have an accuracy of 1 [deg]C, the required resolution for 
the CPMS would be 0.5 [deg]C, or better.
4. Accuracy
    The accuracy criteria for CPMS, which are a function of the 
parameter that is measured by the CPMS, are described in detail in 
section II.E of this document.
    For devices or instruments that are used to validate or check the 
initial accuracy of a temperature, pressure, or flow CPMS, PS-17 
generally would require an accuracy hierarchy of three. In other words, 
the ratio of the required accuracy of the CPMS to the accuracy of the 
calibrated validation device would have to be at least three. For 
example, if the required accuracy of a temperature CPMS is 1.0 percent, to satisfy the accuracy hierarchy of three 
criterion, the calibrated validation device would need an accuracy of 
0.33 percent or better (1.0 / 0.33 = 3). A CPMS with an 
accuracy of 0.25 percent would satisfy the accuracy hierarchy 
criterion, but a CPMS with an accuracy of 0.5 percent would not satisfy 
the accuracy hierarchy criterion in this example. The accuracy of the 
equipment used to validate the CPMS also would have to be traceable to 
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards. We 
have incorporated into the proposed PS-17 two exceptions to the 
accuracy requirements for instruments that are used to validate CPMS. 
First, a mercury-in-glass or water-in-glass U-tube manometer could be 
used instead of a calibrated pressure measurement device with NIST-
traceable accuracy when validating a pressure CPMS or a flow CPMS that 
uses a differential pressure flow meter. Secondly, for instruments and 
reagents that are used to validate a pH CPMS, the performance 
specification would require NIST-traceable accuracy of 0.02 pH units or 
better, rather than an accuracy hierarchy of three.
5. Installation
    The PS-17 would require each CPMS sensor to be located so as to 
provide representative measurements of the appropriate parameter. The 
proposed PS-17 also lists voluntary consensus standards that could 
serve as guidelines for installing specific types of sensors. Voluntary 
consensus standards are technical standards that are developed or 
adopted by one or more voluntary consensus standards bodies, such as 
the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the American 
Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
    If required to install a flow CPMS and the sensor of the flow CPMS 
is a differential pressure device, turbine flow meter, rotameter, 
vortex formation flow meter or Coriolis mass flow meter, PS-17 would 
allow one of the following standards to be used as guidance: (1) ASME 
MFC-3M-2004, ``Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Orifice, 
Nozzle, and Venturi''; (2) ANSI/ASME MFC-7M-1987 (R2001), ``Measurement 
of Gas Flow by Means of Critical Flow Venturi Nozzles''; (3) ANSI/ISA 
RP 31.1-1977, ``Recommended Practice: Specification, Installation, and 
Calibration of Turbine Flowmeters''; (4) ANSI/ASME MFC 4M-1986 (R2003), 
``Measurement of Gas Flow by Turbine Meters'' (if used for gas flow 
measurement); (5) ISA RP 16.5-1961, ``Installation, Operation, and 
Maintenance Instructions for Glass Tube Variable Area Meters 
(Rotameters)''; (6) ISO 10790:1999(E), ``Measurement of Fluid Flow in 
Closed Conduits-Guidance to the Selection, Installation and Use of 
Coriolis Meters (Mass Flow, Density and Volume Flow Measurements); or 
(7) ANSI/ASME MFC-6M-1998 (R2005) ``Measurement

[[Page 59964]]

of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Vortex Flow Meters'' (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec.  60.17).
    There are also several voluntary consensus standards that can be 
used as alternative methods for checking the accuracy of specific types 
of CPMS sensors. Prior to validating the performance of a CPMS, owners 
and operators would be required to install work platforms, test ports, 
taps, valves, or any other equipment needed to perform the initial 
validation check.
6. CPMS Validation
    Under this proposed rule, we would require owners and operators of 
affected CPMS to demonstrate that affected CPMS meet a minimum overall 
system accuracy. Several methods are specified for checking CPMS 
accuracy, and owners and operators of affected CPMS could choose among 
the methods specified for each type of CPMS. These validation methods 
generally would involve either: (1) Comparing measurements made by the 
affected CPMS to measurements made by a calibrated measurement device, 
or (2) simulating the signal generated by the CPMS sensor using a 
calibrated simulation device. Table 5 of this preamble lists the CPMS 
validation methods specified in the proposed PS-17 and their 
applicability. As part of specific validation methods, the proposed PS-
17 specifies several voluntary consensus standards as alternative 
methods for checking sensor accuracy.

                Table 5--CPMS Initial Validation Methods
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                You can validate      If the sensor of
 If your CPMS measures . . .   your CPMS by . . .    your CPMS is . . .
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Temperature..............  a. Comparison to a    Thermocouple, RTD,
                               calibrated            or any other type
                               temperature           of temperature
                               measurement device.   sensor.
                              b. Temperature        Thermocouple, RTD,
                               simulation.           or any other type
                                                     of sensor that
                                                     generates an
                                                     electronic signal
                                                     that can be related
                                                     to temperature
                                                     magnitude.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Pressure.................  a. Comparison to a    Pressure transducer,
                               calibrated pressure   pressure gauge, or
                               measurement device.   any other type of
                                                     pressure sensor.
                              b. Pressure           Pressure transducer,
                               simulation            pressure gauge, or
                               procedure using a     any other type of
                               calibrated pressure   pressure sensor.
                               source.
                              c. Pressure           Pressure transducer,
                               simulation using a    pressure gauge, or
                               pressure source and   any other type of
                               a calibrated          pressure sensor.
                               pressure
                               measurement device.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Liquid flow rate.........  a. Volumetric method  Any type of liquid
                                                     flow meter.
                              b. Gravimetric        Any type of liquid
                               method.               flow meter.
                              c. Differential       Orifice plate, flow
                               pressure              nozzle, or other
                               measurement method.   type of
                                                     differential
                                                     pressure liquid
                                                     flow meter.
                              d. Pressure source    Orifice plate, flow
                               flow simulation       nozzle, or other
                               method.               type of
                                                     differential
                                                     pressure liquid
                                                     flow meter.
                              e. Electronic signal  Turbine flow meter,
                               simulation method.    vortex shedding
                                                     flow meter, or any
                                                     other type of
                                                     liquid flow meter
                                                     that generates an
                                                     electronic signal
                                                     that can be related
                                                     to flow rate
                                                     magnitude.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Gas flow rate............  a. Differential       Orifice plate, flow
                               pressure              nozzle, or any
                               measurement method.   other type of
                                                     differential
                                                     pressure gas flow
                                                     meter other than a
                                                     differential
                                                     pressure tube.
                              b. Pressure source    Orifice plate, flow
                               flow simulation       nozzle, or any
                               method.               other type of
                                                     differential
                                                     pressure gas flow
                                                     meter other than a
                                                     differential
                                                     pressure tube.
                              c. Electronic signal  Any type of gas flow
                               simulation method.    meter that
                                                     generates an
                                                     electronic signal
                                                     that can be related
                                                     to flow rate
                                                     magnitude.
                              d. Relative accuracy  Any type of gas flow
                               test.                 meter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Liquid mass flow rate....  Gravimetric method..  Any type of liquid
                                                     flow meter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Solid mass flow rate.....  a. Gravimetric        Any type of solid
                               method.               mass flow meter.
                              b. Material weight    Belt conveyor with
                               comparison method.    weigh scale,
                                                     equipped with a
                                                     totalizer.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. pH.......................  a. Comparison to      Any type of pH
                               calibrated pH meter.  meter.
                              b. Single point       Any type of pH
                               calibration.          meter.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Conductivity.............  a. Comparison to      Any type of
                               calibrated            conductivity meter.
                               conductivity meter.