Notice of Inventory Completion: California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento, CA, 20937-20939 [E8-8301]
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 75 / Thursday, April 17, 2008 / Notices
The determination that this item is an
unassociated funerary object is based on
museum documentation, consultation
information provided by the tribe and
expert opinion. Though museum
documentation does not specifically
indicate that this cultural item was
associated with a burial, the condition
of the item and its type are consistent
with a funerary context. Based on
ceramic style, this cultural item dates to
between CE 1500 and 1750. Historical
and archeological evidence indicates
that the Ouachita River valley region
was occupied by the Caddo during the
historic period, and that this group
emerged from pre-contact Caddoan
culture dating back to approximately CE
850. Expert analysis and consultation
have confirmed that this bottle is
consistent with the established Caddoan
ceramic sequence.
Between 1916 and 1917, Mark
Harrington collected cultural items from
the Ozan and Washington sites in
Hempstead County, AR, during a
Museum of the American Indian
expedition. The museum acquired the
cultural items from the Museum of the
American Indian in an exchange in
1920. The 31 cultural items are 29
ceramic vessels and 2 vessel fragments.
The 29 ceramic vessels are 2 bottles, 14
bowls, and 13 jars. The two vessel
fragments are those of a jar.
The determination that these items
are unassociated funerary objects is
based on museum documentation,
consultation information provided by
the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, expert
opinion, and archival information held
at the Smithsonian National Museum of
the American Indian. While museum
documentation and archival information
specifically identifies only six of the
objects as having been associated with
burials, field records, the condition of
the items and type of object, indicate a
funerary context. Based on ceramic
style, the vessels date to between CE 850
and 1700. Historical evidence indicates
that the Hempstead County region was
occupied by the Caddo during the
historic period, and that this group
emerged from pre-contact Caddoan
culture dating back to approximately CE
850. Expert analysis and consultation
have confirmed that the ceramics are
consistent with the established Caddoan
ceramic sequence.
Officials of the American Museum of
Natural History have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), the
143 cultural items described above are
reasonably believed to have been placed
with or near individual human remains
at the time of death or later as part of
the death rite or ceremony and are
believed, by a preponderance of the
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evidence, to have been removed from a
specific burial site of a Native American
individual. Officials of the American
Museum of Natural History also have
determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001(2), there is a relationship of shared
group identity that can be reasonably
traced between the unassociated
funerary objects and the Caddo Nation
of Oklahoma.
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the unassociated funerary
objects should contact Nell Murphy,
Director of Cultural Resources,
American Museum of Natural History,
Central Park West at 79th Street, New
York, NY 10024, telephone (212) 769–
5837, before May 19, 2008. Repatriation
of the unassociated funerary objects to
the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma may
proceed after that date if no additional
claimants come forward.
The American Museum of Natural
History is responsible for notifying the
Caddo Nation of Oklahoma that this
notice has been published.
Dated: March 18, 2008.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E8–8295 Filed 4–15–08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–S
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion:
California Department of Parks and
Recreation, Sacramento, CA
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects
in the possession of the California
Department of Parks and Recreation,
Sacramento, CA. The human remains
and associated funerary objects were
removed from Butte County, CA.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and
associated funerary objects. The
National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed assessment of the human
remains was made by California
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20937
Department of Parks and Recreation
Committee on Repatriation and
professional staff in consultation with
representatives of Mechoopda Indian
Tribe of Chico Rancheria, California;
Round Valley Indian Tribes of the
Round Valley Reservation, California;
and United Maidu Nation, a nonfederally recognized Indian group. The
Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians
of California; Enterprise Rancheria of
Maidu Indians of California; and
Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu Indians
of California were contacted to
participate in the consultations.
In February and April of 1963, human
remains representing a minimum of 25
individuals were removed from the
Murphy site, located 3 miles southeast
of Gridley, on the west bank of the
Feather River in southern Butte County,
CA. The site was excavated by volunteer
students from Chico State College,
Sacramento State College, and American
River College in Sacramento, CA, under
the direction of William H. Olsen. No
known individuals were identified. The
546 associated funerary objects are 457
beads, 4 blades, 3 bone tools, 2 bowls,
1 disk, 6 flakes, 1 flaker, 15 food
remains, 2 gorge hooks, 1 hammer stone,
1 incised tube, 1 knife, 9 ornaments, 2
pestles, 9 pins, 17 projectile points, 1
quartz crystal, 2 rocks, 1 scraper, 1 seed,
2 utilized flakes, and 8 whistles.
Excavations at the Murphy site were
intended to salvage materials and
information prior to site destruction for
agriculture, and were related to
researching the cultural chronology of
the Lake Oroville vicinity. The Murphy
site, dated circa A.D. 500–1500, is
attributed to the Bidwell Complex (A.D.
1–A.D. 800), Sweetwater Complex (A.D.
800–1500), and Oroville Complex (A.D.
1500–1833). These sequences have been
linked as the cultural antecedents of the
Maidu. Geographic affiliation is
consistent with the historically
documented Konkow, also known as
Northwestern Maidu.
In 1957, human remains representing
a minimum of one individual were
removed from the Garner’s Cave site,
which is located 7 miles north of Chico
along Rock Creek in northern Butte
County, CA. In 1957, the human
remains and associated funerary objects
were donated to the State Indian
Museum, which is part of the California
Department of Parks and Recreation, by
Otis Croy of Yuba City, CA. No known
individual was identified. The 41
associated funerary objects are 1 awl, 1
basketry material, 1 botanical sample, 2
choppers, 1 cord, 11 food remains, 1
net, 1 reed, 16 seeds, 2 twigs, and 4
unidentified wood samples.
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20938
Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 75 / Thursday, April 17, 2008 / Notices
Based on a May 1992 check of the
California Office of Historic
Preservation site files, identification of
this collection as Garner’s Cave was
determined. The cave was named for the
landowner Jay Garner of Chico, CA. The
burial from the Garner’s Cave site has
been attributed to the proto–Historic
period. The Bidwell Complex,
Sweetwater Complex, and Oroville
Complex are sequences that have been
linked as the cultural antecedents of the
Maidu in the region. No lineal
descendant has been identified.
Geographic affiliation is consistent with
the historically documented Konkow or
Northwestern Maidu.
In 1966 and 1967, human remains
representing a minimum of 125
individuals were removed from the Tie–
Wiah site, located 6 miles northeast of
Oroville, now under the main body of
Lake Oroville; formerly northeast of the
confluence of the North and South
Forks of the Feather River, southeastern
Butte County, CA. The site was first
excavated by American River College in
1964 under the direction of Charles
Gebhardt. In 1966, the California
Department of Parks and Recreation
sponsored excavations under the
direction of Eric W. Ritter. In 1967, the
excavation was under the direction of
Roland Gage of Sacramento State
College, as part of a salvage archeology
excavation prior to inundation by Lake
Oroville, with funds provided by the
Department of Water Resources. No
known individuals were identified. The
1,301 associated funerary objects are 3
acorns, 1 antler tine, 5 awls, 18 beads,
2 bifaces, 1 blade, 11 bone tools, 59
bowls, 1 burin and knife, 5 charcoal
samples, 14 choppers, 1 chopper and
core, 2 cores, 1 drill, 240 flakes, 732
food remains, 1 gorge, 1 hammer stone
and mano, 18 hammer stones, 26 knives,
5 manos, 11 metates, 5 mortars, 1 mud
dob, 22 pestles, 2 pigments, 6 pipes, 1
projectile point fragment, 37 projectile
points, 34 quartz crystals, 1 rod, 15
scrapers, 4 scraper planes, 5 seeds, 2
seed beaters, 1 shaft straightner, 2 tubes,
3 unknown steatite and glass, 1
whetstone, and 1 whistle.
The Tie–Wiah site appears to have
been occupied intermittently from the
Messilla Complex (circa 1000 B.C.–
A.D.1), Bidwell Complex, Sweetwater
Complex, and finally to the Oroville
Complex. The oldest radiocarbon date
from the Tie–Wiah site is 950 years B.P.
(±150 years). The Bidwell Complex,
Sweetwater Complex, and Oroville
Complex are sequences that have been
linked as the cultural antecedents of the
Maidu in the region. Geographic
affiliation is consistent with the
historically documented Konkow or
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Northwestern Maidu. No lineal
descendants have been identified.
In 1960 and 1961, human remains
representing a minimum of 56
individuals were removed from the
Chapman site, Sweetwater Springs,
located 3 miles north of Oroville, north
of the Thermalito Diversion Pool, east of
Morris Ravine in south central Butte
County, CA, during excavations on the
site by William H. Olsen and Francis A.
Riddell of the State Indian Museum. In
1979, the human remains were
transferred from Sutter’s Fort Annex in
Sacramento to the State Archeological
Collections and Research Facility in
West Sacramento and inventoried by the
California Department of Parks and
Recreation in 1982. No known
individuals were identified. The 1,480
associated funerary objects are 1 antler,
9 awls, 1,143 beads, 8 blades, 9 bone
tools, 24 bowls, 1 chopper, 4 cobbles, 3
cores, 1 core/scraper, 33 flakes, 69 food
remains, 1 glass fragment, 1 gorge hook,
7 hammer stones, 11 incised bones, 4
knives, 5 manos, 5 metates, 1 mortar, 28
ornaments, 2 pendants, 7 pestles, 2
pigments, 3 pipes, 74 projectile points,
6 quartz crystals, 5 scrapers, 1 slide
sample, 7 spatulas, 3 spoons, 1 utilized
flake, and 1 whetstone.
The Chapman site is attributed to the
Sweetwater Complex. The Sweetwater
Complex has been linked as the cultural
antecedents of the Maidu in the region.
The associated funerary objects are
consistent with the occupation of the
site by people attributed to the
Sweetwater Complex. Geographic
affiliation is consistent with the
historically documented Konkow or
Northwestern Maidu. No lineal
descendants have been identified.
In the mid–1960s, human remains
representing a minimum of one
individual were removed from an
unknown site, located 8 miles north of
Oroville, 2 miles southwest of Cherokee,
along the Western Pacific Railroad in
central Butte County, CA, possibly
during surveys and excavations for the
Lake Oroville reservoir project. No
known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
The site is attributed to the Messilla
Complex. The Messilla Complex has
been attributed to a possible sporadic
occupation of the area by an intrusion
of Hokan speakers. However, the
succeeding Bidwell Complex,
Sweetwater Complex, and Oroville
Complex are sequences that have been
linked as the cultural antecedents of the
Maidu. Generally, archeologists believe
that the Penutian–speaking Maidu are
descended from what have been
identified as the Windmiller people
who occupied the Central Valley of
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California from 3,000 to 4,000 years ago.
No lineal descendant has been
identified. Geographic affiliation is
consistent with the historically
documented Konkow (Northwestern
Maidu).
In 1961 and 1962, human remains
representing a minimum of seven
individuals were removed from the
Western Pacific Railroad Relocation site,
8 miles north of Oroville, along the
Western Pacific Railroad line in south
central Butte County, CA, by the Central
California Archaeological Foundation,
directed by William H. Olsen and
Francis A. Riddell, during excavations
under contract to California Department
of Parks and Recreation with funds
provided by Department of Water
Resources. Mr. Riddell directed a
second phase of excavations in the
summer of 1962 with a Chico State
College archeological field methods
class. The new Western Pacific Railroad
line cut through the site, almost
completely destroying it. The old
railroad right–of–way was inundated by
Lake Oroville. No known individuals
were identified. The 62 associated
funerary objects are 2 blades, 11 flakes,
39 food remains, 1 metate, 1 projectile
point, and 8 whistles.
The Western Pacific Railroad site was
occupied from circa A.D. 800 to 1833,
during both Sweetwater Complex (to
A.D. 1500) and Oroville Complex (after
A.D. 1500), which have been linked as
cultural antecedents of the Maidu.
There are two radiocarbon dates from
the site with the first at 370 years B.P.
(+150) and the second at 565 B.P.
(+250). The associated funerary objects
are consistent with the occupation of
the site by people attributed to the
Sweetwater Complex. No lineal
descendant has been identified.
Geographic affiliation is consistent with
the historically documented Konkow
(Northwestern Maidu).
In 1964, human remains representing
a minimum of 15 individuals were
removed from an unknown site, 3 miles
northeast of Oroville, downstream from
the Oroville Dam spillway, along the
Thermalito Diversion Pool, in south
central Butte County, CA, under the
direction of Francis A. Riddell, State
Indian Museum with funds provided by
the Department of Water Resources. A
significant portion of the deposit has
been removed due to natural erosion
and vandalism. No known individuals
were identified. The 1,420 associated
funerary objects are 4 awls, 12 beads, 1
blade, 13 bone tools, 6 bowls, 2 charcoal
samples, 2 choppers, 14 cobbles, 17
cores, 1 core/scrapper, 2 drills, 421
flakes, 845 food remains, 1 hammer
stone/mano, 8 hammer stones, 6 knives,
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 75 / Thursday, April 17, 2008 / Notices
2 knife/scraper, 5 manos, 1 metate, 5
pendants, 3 pestles, 2 pigment, 2 pins,
1 pipe, 11 projectile points, 4 quartz
crystals, 4 rocks, 1 rod, 14 scrapers, 3
seeds, 3 slags, 1 unknown, 2 utilized
flakes, and 1 wood sample.
The burials have been attributed to
the Bidwell Complex. The oldest
radiocarbon date from the site is 2,800
years B.P. (±100 years). The Bidwell
Complex, Sweetwater Complex, and
Oroville Complex are sequences that
have been linked as the cultural
antecedents of the Maidu. The
associated funerary objects are
consistent with the occupation of the
site by people attributed to the Bidwell
Complex. Generally, archeologists
believe that the Penutian-speaking
Maidu are descended from what have
been identified as the Windmiller
people who occupied the Central Valley
of California from 3,000 to 4,000 years
ago. No lineal descendant has been
identified. Geographic affiliation is
consistent with the historically
documented Konkow (Northwestern
Maidu).
In 1930, human remains representing
a minimum number of two individuals
were removed from the Bidwell Ranch
site, 4 miles east of Chico, 6 miles west
of Paradise, along Little Chico Creek,
from the Bidwell Ranch, in
northwestern Butte County, CA, by a
private individual on private land. On
January 13, 1930, the collection was
received by the State Indian Museum
from J. McCord Stilson of Chico, CA,
and purchased in 1933 from one of his
heirs, Mrs. Harry Clark of Hamilton
City. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
The age of the human remains is
unknown. No lineal descendants have
been identified. The Bidwell Ranch’s
geographic location is consistent with
the historically documented Konkow or
Northwestern Maidu territory.
Butte County, CA, is in the Central
Valley region of California and the
traditional lands of the Maidu. The
history of the formation of California
Indian reservations and rancherias in
the Central Valley regions of California
reveal that the descendants of the
historical Konkow (Northwestern
Maidu) were ultimately dispersed to
several federally recognized Native
American groups. Descendants of the
Konkow or Northwestern Maidu are
members of the federally recognized
tribes of the Berry Creek Rancheria of
Maidu Indians of California; Enterprise
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
California; Mechoopda Indian Tribe of
Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
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California; and Round Valley Indian
Tribes of the Round Valley Reservation,
California.
Officials of the California Department
of Parks and Recreation have
determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001 (9–10), the human remains
described above represent the physical
remains of a minimum of 232
individuals of Native American
ancestry. Officials of the California
Department of Parks and Recreation also
have determined that, pursuant to 25
U.S.C. 3001 (3)(A), the 4,850 objects
described above are reasonably believed
to have been placed with or near
individual human remains at the time of
death or later as part of the death rite
or ceremony. Lastly, officials of the
California Department of Parks and
Recreation have determined that,
pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is
a relationship of shared group identity
that can be reasonably traced between
the Native American human remains
and associated funerary objects and the
Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians
of California; Enterprise Rancheria of
Maidu Indians of California; Mechoopda
Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria,
California; Mooretown Rancheria of
Maidu Indians of California; and Round
Valley Indian Tribes of the Round
Valley Reservation, California.
Representatives of any other Indian
tribe that believes itself to be culturally
affiliated with the human remains and
associated funerary objects should
contact Paulette Hennum, NAGPRA
Coordinator, California Department of
Parks and Recreation, 1416 Ninth Street,
Room 902, Sacramento, CA 95814,
telephone (916) 653–7976, before May
19, 2008. Repatriation of the human
remains and associated funerary objects
to the Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu
Indians of California; Enterprise
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
California; Mechoopda Indian Tribe of
Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown
Rancheria of Maidu Indians, California;
and Round Valley Indian Tribes of the
Round Valley Reservation, California
may proceed after that date if no
additional claimants come forward.
The California Department of Parks
and Recreation is responsible for
notifying the Berry Creek Rancheria of
Maidu Indians of California; Enterprise
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
California; Mechoopda Indian Tribe of
Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown
Rancheria of Maidu Indians, California;
and Round Valley Indian Tribes of the
Round Valley Reservation, California
that this notice has been published.
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20939
Dated: March 19, 2008.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E8–8301 Filed 4–16–08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–50–S
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion:
Denver Museum of Nature & Science,
Denver, CO
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Notice is here given in accordance
with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act
(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects
in the control of the Denver Museum of
Nature & Science, Denver, CO. The
human remains and associated funerary
objects were removed from Mesa
County, CO; Navajo County, AZ; San
Juan County, NM; and an unknown
location.
This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25
U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in
this notice are the sole responsibility of
the museum, institution, or Federal
agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and
associated funerary objects. The
National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed assessment of the human
remains was made by Denver Museum
of Nature & Science professional staff in
consultation with the Ak Chin Indian
Community of the Maricopa (Ak Chin)
Indian Reservation, Arizona; Gila River
Indian Community of the Gila River
Indian Reservation, Arizona; Hopi Tribe
of Arizona; Hualapai Indian Tribe of the
Hualapai Indian Reservation, Arizona;
Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico &
Utah; Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico
(formerly the Pueblo of San Juan);
Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Cochiti, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Isleta, New Mexico; Pueblo of Jemez,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Laguna, New
Mexico; Pueblo of Nambe, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Picuris, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Pojoaque, New Mexico; Pueblo of San
Felipe, New Mexico; Pueblo of San
Ildefonso, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Sandia, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa
Ana, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa
Clara, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa
Domingo, New Mexico; Pueblo of Taos,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Tesuque, New
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 75 (Thursday, April 17, 2008)]
[Notices]
[Pages 20937-20939]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E8-8301]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion: California Department of Parks
and Recreation, Sacramento, CA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human remains and associated funerary
objects in the possession of the California Department of Parks and
Recreation, Sacramento, CA. The human remains and associated funerary
objects were removed from Butte County, CA.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The
determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and associated funerary objects. The National
Park Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by California
Department of Parks and Recreation Committee on Repatriation and
professional staff in consultation with representatives of Mechoopda
Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria, California; Round Valley Indian Tribes
of the Round Valley Reservation, California; and United Maidu Nation, a
non-federally recognized Indian group. The Berry Creek Rancheria of
Maidu Indians of California; Enterprise Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
California; and Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California were
contacted to participate in the consultations.
In February and April of 1963, human remains representing a minimum
of 25 individuals were removed from the Murphy site, located 3 miles
southeast of Gridley, on the west bank of the Feather River in southern
Butte County, CA. The site was excavated by volunteer students from
Chico State College, Sacramento State College, and American River
College in Sacramento, CA, under the direction of William H. Olsen. No
known individuals were identified. The 546 associated funerary objects
are 457 beads, 4 blades, 3 bone tools, 2 bowls, 1 disk, 6 flakes, 1
flaker, 15 food remains, 2 gorge hooks, 1 hammer stone, 1 incised tube,
1 knife, 9 ornaments, 2 pestles, 9 pins, 17 projectile points, 1 quartz
crystal, 2 rocks, 1 scraper, 1 seed, 2 utilized flakes, and 8 whistles.
Excavations at the Murphy site were intended to salvage materials
and information prior to site destruction for agriculture, and were
related to researching the cultural chronology of the Lake Oroville
vicinity. The Murphy site, dated circa A.D. 500-1500, is attributed to
the Bidwell Complex (A.D. 1-A.D. 800), Sweetwater Complex (A.D. 800-
1500), and Oroville Complex (A.D. 1500-1833). These sequences have been
linked as the cultural antecedents of the Maidu. Geographic affiliation
is consistent with the historically documented Konkow, also known as
Northwestern Maidu.
In 1957, human remains representing a minimum of one individual
were removed from the Garner's Cave site, which is located 7 miles
north of Chico along Rock Creek in northern Butte County, CA. In 1957,
the human remains and associated funerary objects were donated to the
State Indian Museum, which is part of the California Department of
Parks and Recreation, by Otis Croy of Yuba City, CA. No known
individual was identified. The 41 associated funerary objects are 1
awl, 1 basketry material, 1 botanical sample, 2 choppers, 1 cord, 11
food remains, 1 net, 1 reed, 16 seeds, 2 twigs, and 4 unidentified wood
samples.
[[Page 20938]]
Based on a May 1992 check of the California Office of Historic
Preservation site files, identification of this collection as Garner's
Cave was determined. The cave was named for the landowner Jay Garner of
Chico, CA. The burial from the Garner's Cave site has been attributed
to the proto-Historic period. The Bidwell Complex, Sweetwater Complex,
and Oroville Complex are sequences that have been linked as the
cultural antecedents of the Maidu in the region. No lineal descendant
has been identified. Geographic affiliation is consistent with the
historically documented Konkow or Northwestern Maidu.
In 1966 and 1967, human remains representing a minimum of 125
individuals were removed from the Tie-Wiah site, located 6 miles
northeast of Oroville, now under the main body of Lake Oroville;
formerly northeast of the confluence of the North and South Forks of
the Feather River, southeastern Butte County, CA. The site was first
excavated by American River College in 1964 under the direction of
Charles Gebhardt. In 1966, the California Department of Parks and
Recreation sponsored excavations under the direction of Eric W. Ritter.
In 1967, the excavation was under the direction of Roland Gage of
Sacramento State College, as part of a salvage archeology excavation
prior to inundation by Lake Oroville, with funds provided by the
Department of Water Resources. No known individuals were identified.
The 1,301 associated funerary objects are 3 acorns, 1 antler tine, 5
awls, 18 beads, 2 bifaces, 1 blade, 11 bone tools, 59 bowls, 1 burin
and knife, 5 charcoal samples, 14 choppers, 1 chopper and core, 2
cores, 1 drill, 240 flakes, 732 food remains, 1 gorge, 1 hammer stone
and mano, 18 hammer stones, 26 knives, 5 manos, 11 metates, 5 mortars,
1 mud dob, 22 pestles, 2 pigments, 6 pipes, 1 projectile point
fragment, 37 projectile points, 34 quartz crystals, 1 rod, 15 scrapers,
4 scraper planes, 5 seeds, 2 seed beaters, 1 shaft straightner, 2
tubes, 3 unknown steatite and glass, 1 whetstone, and 1 whistle.
The Tie-Wiah site appears to have been occupied intermittently from
the Messilla Complex (circa 1000 B.C.-A.D.1), Bidwell Complex,
Sweetwater Complex, and finally to the Oroville Complex. The oldest
radiocarbon date from the Tie-Wiah site is 950 years B.P. (150 years). The Bidwell Complex, Sweetwater Complex, and Oroville
Complex are sequences that have been linked as the cultural antecedents
of the Maidu in the region. Geographic affiliation is consistent with
the historically documented Konkow or Northwestern Maidu. No lineal
descendants have been identified.
In 1960 and 1961, human remains representing a minimum of 56
individuals were removed from the Chapman site, Sweetwater Springs,
located 3 miles north of Oroville, north of the Thermalito Diversion
Pool, east of Morris Ravine in south central Butte County, CA, during
excavations on the site by William H. Olsen and Francis A. Riddell of
the State Indian Museum. In 1979, the human remains were transferred
from Sutter's Fort Annex in Sacramento to the State Archeological
Collections and Research Facility in West Sacramento and inventoried by
the California Department of Parks and Recreation in 1982. No known
individuals were identified. The 1,480 associated funerary objects are
1 antler, 9 awls, 1,143 beads, 8 blades, 9 bone tools, 24 bowls, 1
chopper, 4 cobbles, 3 cores, 1 core/scraper, 33 flakes, 69 food
remains, 1 glass fragment, 1 gorge hook, 7 hammer stones, 11 incised
bones, 4 knives, 5 manos, 5 metates, 1 mortar, 28 ornaments, 2
pendants, 7 pestles, 2 pigments, 3 pipes, 74 projectile points, 6
quartz crystals, 5 scrapers, 1 slide sample, 7 spatulas, 3 spoons, 1
utilized flake, and 1 whetstone.
The Chapman site is attributed to the Sweetwater Complex. The
Sweetwater Complex has been linked as the cultural antecedents of the
Maidu in the region. The associated funerary objects are consistent
with the occupation of the site by people attributed to the Sweetwater
Complex. Geographic affiliation is consistent with the historically
documented Konkow or Northwestern Maidu. No lineal descendants have
been identified.
In the mid-1960s, human remains representing a minimum of one
individual were removed from an unknown site, located 8 miles north of
Oroville, 2 miles southwest of Cherokee, along the Western Pacific
Railroad in central Butte County, CA, possibly during surveys and
excavations for the Lake Oroville reservoir project. No known
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
The site is attributed to the Messilla Complex. The Messilla
Complex has been attributed to a possible sporadic occupation of the
area by an intrusion of Hokan speakers. However, the succeeding Bidwell
Complex, Sweetwater Complex, and Oroville Complex are sequences that
have been linked as the cultural antecedents of the Maidu. Generally,
archeologists believe that the Penutian-speaking Maidu are descended
from what have been identified as the Windmiller people who occupied
the Central Valley of California from 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. No
lineal descendant has been identified. Geographic affiliation is
consistent with the historically documented Konkow (Northwestern
Maidu).
In 1961 and 1962, human remains representing a minimum of seven
individuals were removed from the Western Pacific Railroad Relocation
site, 8 miles north of Oroville, along the Western Pacific Railroad
line in south central Butte County, CA, by the Central California
Archaeological Foundation, directed by William H. Olsen and Francis A.
Riddell, during excavations under contract to California Department of
Parks and Recreation with funds provided by Department of Water
Resources. Mr. Riddell directed a second phase of excavations in the
summer of 1962 with a Chico State College archeological field methods
class. The new Western Pacific Railroad line cut through the site,
almost completely destroying it. The old railroad right-of-way was
inundated by Lake Oroville. No known individuals were identified. The
62 associated funerary objects are 2 blades, 11 flakes, 39 food
remains, 1 metate, 1 projectile point, and 8 whistles.
The Western Pacific Railroad site was occupied from circa A.D. 800
to 1833, during both Sweetwater Complex (to A.D. 1500) and Oroville
Complex (after A.D. 1500), which have been linked as cultural
antecedents of the Maidu. There are two radiocarbon dates from the site
with the first at 370 years B.P. (+150) and the second at 565 B.P.
(+250). The associated funerary objects are consistent with the
occupation of the site by people attributed to the Sweetwater Complex.
No lineal descendant has been identified. Geographic affiliation is
consistent with the historically documented Konkow (Northwestern
Maidu).
In 1964, human remains representing a minimum of 15 individuals
were removed from an unknown site, 3 miles northeast of Oroville,
downstream from the Oroville Dam spillway, along the Thermalito
Diversion Pool, in south central Butte County, CA, under the direction
of Francis A. Riddell, State Indian Museum with funds provided by the
Department of Water Resources. A significant portion of the deposit has
been removed due to natural erosion and vandalism. No known individuals
were identified. The 1,420 associated funerary objects are 4 awls, 12
beads, 1 blade, 13 bone tools, 6 bowls, 2 charcoal samples, 2 choppers,
14 cobbles, 17 cores, 1 core/scrapper, 2 drills, 421 flakes, 845 food
remains, 1 hammer stone/mano, 8 hammer stones, 6 knives,
[[Page 20939]]
2 knife/scraper, 5 manos, 1 metate, 5 pendants, 3 pestles, 2 pigment, 2
pins, 1 pipe, 11 projectile points, 4 quartz crystals, 4 rocks, 1 rod,
14 scrapers, 3 seeds, 3 slags, 1 unknown, 2 utilized flakes, and 1 wood
sample.
The burials have been attributed to the Bidwell Complex. The oldest
radiocarbon date from the site is 2,800 years B.P. (100
years). The Bidwell Complex, Sweetwater Complex, and Oroville Complex
are sequences that have been linked as the cultural antecedents of the
Maidu. The associated funerary objects are consistent with the
occupation of the site by people attributed to the Bidwell Complex.
Generally, archeologists believe that the Penutian-speaking Maidu are
descended from what have been identified as the Windmiller people who
occupied the Central Valley of California from 3,000 to 4,000 years
ago. No lineal descendant has been identified. Geographic affiliation
is consistent with the historically documented Konkow (Northwestern
Maidu).
In 1930, human remains representing a minimum number of two
individuals were removed from the Bidwell Ranch site, 4 miles east of
Chico, 6 miles west of Paradise, along Little Chico Creek, from the
Bidwell Ranch, in northwestern Butte County, CA, by a private
individual on private land. On January 13, 1930, the collection was
received by the State Indian Museum from J. McCord Stilson of Chico,
CA, and purchased in 1933 from one of his heirs, Mrs. Harry Clark of
Hamilton City. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
The age of the human remains is unknown. No lineal descendants have
been identified. The Bidwell Ranch's geographic location is consistent
with the historically documented Konkow or Northwestern Maidu
territory.
Butte County, CA, is in the Central Valley region of California and
the traditional lands of the Maidu. The history of the formation of
California Indian reservations and rancherias in the Central Valley
regions of California reveal that the descendants of the historical
Konkow (Northwestern Maidu) were ultimately dispersed to several
federally recognized Native American groups. Descendants of the Konkow
or Northwestern Maidu are members of the federally recognized tribes of
the Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California; Enterprise
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California; Mechoopda Indian Tribe of
Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
California; and Round Valley Indian Tribes of the Round Valley
Reservation, California.
Officials of the California Department of Parks and Recreation have
determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9-10), the human remains
described above represent the physical remains of a minimum of 232
individuals of Native American ancestry. Officials of the California
Department of Parks and Recreation also have determined that, pursuant
to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (3)(A), the 4,850 objects described above are
reasonably believed to have been placed with or near individual human
remains at the time of death or later as part of the death rite or
ceremony. Lastly, officials of the California Department of Parks and
Recreation have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there
is a relationship of shared group identity that can be reasonably
traced between the Native American human remains and associated
funerary objects and the Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians of
California; Enterprise Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California;
Mechoopda Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California; and Round Valley Indian
Tribes of the Round Valley Reservation, California.
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the human remains and associated funerary
objects should contact Paulette Hennum, NAGPRA Coordinator, California
Department of Parks and Recreation, 1416 Ninth Street, Room 902,
Sacramento, CA 95814, telephone (916) 653-7976, before May 19, 2008.
Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary objects to
the Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California; Enterprise
Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California; Mechoopda Indian Tribe of
Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu Indians,
California; and Round Valley Indian Tribes of the Round Valley
Reservation, California may proceed after that date if no additional
claimants come forward.
The California Department of Parks and Recreation is responsible
for notifying the Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California;
Enterprise Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California; Mechoopda Indian
Tribe of Chico Rancheria, California; Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu
Indians, California; and Round Valley Indian Tribes of the Round Valley
Reservation, California that this notice has been published.
Dated: March 19, 2008.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E8-8301 Filed 4-16-08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-50-S
