Airworthiness Directives; Various Transport Category Airplanes Equipped With Auxiliary Fuel Tanks Installed in Accordance With Certain Supplemental Type Certificates, 84-87 [E7-25482]
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 1 / Wednesday, January 2, 2008 / Proposed Rules
Branch, ANM–116, has the authority to
approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested
using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19.
Send information to ATTN: Shahram
Daneshmandi, Aerospace Engineer,
International Branch, ANM–116, Transport
Airplane Directorate, FAA, 1601 Lind
Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057–
3356; telephone (425) 227–1112; fax (425)
227–1149. Before using any approved AMOC
on any airplane to which the AMOC applies,
notify your appropriate principal inspector
(PI) in the FAA Flight Standards District
Office (FSDO), or lacking a PI, your local
FSDO.
(2) Airworthy Product: For any requirement
in this AD to obtain corrective actions from
a manufacturer or other source, use these
actions if they are FAA-approved. Corrective
actions are considered FAA-approved if they
are approved by the State of Design Authority
(or their delegated agent). You are required
to assure the product is airworthy before it
is returned to service.
(3) Reporting Requirements: For any
reporting requirement in this AD, under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act,
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
has approved the information collection
requirements and has assigned OMB Control
Number 2120–0056.
Related Information
(i) Refer to MCAI EASA Emergency
Airworthiness Directive 2007–0108–E, dated
April 18, 2007, and EADS–CASA All
Operator Letter 212–018, Revision 2, dated
March 20, 2007, for related information.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on
December 19, 2007.
Ali Bahrami,
Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate,
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. E7–25481 Filed 12–31–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2007–0389; Directorate
Identifier 2007–NM–222–AD]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Various
Transport Category Airplanes
Equipped With Auxiliary Fuel Tanks
Installed in Accordance With Certain
Supplemental Type Certificates
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking
(NPRM).
mstockstill on PROD1PC66 with PROPOSALS
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to adopt a
new airworthiness directive (AD) for
various transport category airplanes.
This proposed AD would require
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16:49 Dec 31, 2007
Jkt 214001
deactivation of Southeast Aero-Tek,
Inc., auxiliary fuel tanks. This proposed
AD results from fuel system reviews
conducted by the manufacturer, which
identified potential unsafe conditions
for which the manufacturer has not
provided corrective actions. We are
proposing this AD to prevent the
potential of ignition sources inside fuel
tanks, which, in combination with
flammable fuel vapors, could result in
fuel tank explosions and consequent
loss of the airplane.
DATES: We must receive comments on
this proposed AD by February 19, 2008.
ADDRESSES: You may send comments by
any of the following methods:
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments.
• Fax: 202–493–2251.
• Mail: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Docket Operations, M–
30, West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE.,
Washington, DC 20590.
• Hand Delivery: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Docket Operations, M–
30, West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE.,
Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.
Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket on
the Internet at https://
www.regulations.gov; or in person at the
Docket Management Facility between 9
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD
docket contains this proposed AD, the
regulatory evaluation, any comments
received, and other information. The
street address for the Docket Office
(telephone 800–647–5527) is in the
ADDRESSES section. Comments will be
available in the AD docket shortly after
receipt.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Robert Bosak, Aerospace Engineer,
Propulsion and Services Branch, ACE–
118A, FAA, Atlanta Aircraft
Certification Office, One Crown Center,
1895 Phoenix Boulevard, Suite 460,
Atlanta, Georgia 30349; telephone (770)
703–6094; fax (770) 703–6097.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
We invite you to send any written
relevant data, views, or arguments about
this proposed AD. Send your comments
to an address listed under the
ADDRESSES section. Include ‘‘Docket No.
FAA–2007–0389; Directorate Identifier
2007–NM–222–AD’’ at the beginning of
your comments. We specifically invite
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comments on the overall regulatory,
economic, environmental, and energy
aspects of this proposed AD. We will
consider all comments received by the
closing date and may amend this
proposed AD because of those
comments.
We will post all comments we
receive, without change, to https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information you provide. We
will also post a report summarizing each
substantive verbal contact we receive
about this proposed AD.
Discussion
The FAA has examined the
underlying safety issues involved in fuel
tank explosions on several large
transport airplanes, including the
adequacy of existing regulations, the
service history of airplanes subject to
those regulations, and existing
maintenance practices for fuel tank
systems. As a result of those findings,
we issued a regulation titled ‘‘Transport
Airplane Fuel Tank System Design
Review, Flammability Reduction and
Maintenance and Inspection
Requirements’’ (66 FR 23086, May 7,
2001). In addition to new airworthiness
standards for transport airplanes and
new maintenance requirements, this
rule included Special Federal Aviation
Regulation No. 88 (‘‘SFAR 88,’’
Amendment 21–78, and subsequent
Amendments 21–82 and 21–83).
Among other actions, SFAR 88
requires certain type design (i.e., type
certificate (TC) and supplemental type
certificate (STC) design approval)
holders to substantiate that their fuel
tank systems can prevent ignition
sources in the fuel tanks. This
requirement applies to design approval
holders for large turbine-powered
transport airplanes and for subsequent
modifications to those airplanes. It
requires them to perform design reviews
and to develop design changes and
maintenance procedures if their designs
do not meet the new fuel tank safety
standards. As explained in the preamble
to the rule, we intended to adopt
airworthiness directives to mandate any
changes found necessary to address
unsafe conditions identified as a result
of these reviews.
In evaluating these design reviews, we
have established four criteria intended
to define the unsafe conditions
associated with fuel tank systems that
require corrective actions. The
percentage of operating time during
which fuel tanks are exposed to
flammable conditions is one of these
criteria. The other three criteria address
the failure types under evaluation:
Single failures, single failures in
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combination with another latent
condition(s), and in-service failure
experience. For all four criteria, the
evaluations included consideration of
previous actions taken that may mitigate
the need for further action.
We have determined that the actions
identified in this proposed AD are
necessary to reduce the potential of
ignition sources inside fuel tanks,
which, in combination with flammable
fuel vapors, could result in fuel tank
explosions and consequent loss of the
airplane.
Supplemental Type Certificates (STCs)
for Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., Auxiliary
Fuel Tanks
The auxiliary fuel tank STCs on
affected airplanes are a double-walled
cylindrical type design. The doublewalled cylindrical tanks use pneumatic
air pressure to empty into the airplane’s
center wing tank. All auxiliary tanks use
some type of electrical fuel quantity
indication system (FQIS), flight deck
control and annunciation panels, float
level switches, valves and venting
systems, electrical wiring connections
in the dry bay area, and electrical
bonding methods.
FAA’s Findings
During the SFAR 88 safety
assessment, it was determined that the
Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., FQIS and float
level switch did not meet intrinsically
safe electrical energy levels as described
in the guidelines of Advisory Circular
(AC) 25.981–1B, ‘‘Fuel Tank Ignition
Source Prevention Guidelines.’’
Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., identified
potential ignition sources resulting from
a combination of single and latent
failures for the Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc.,
fuel tank subsystems. To prevent high
electrical energy levels from the FQIS
and float level switch from entering the
auxiliary fuel tank, we have determined
that the appropriate solution for
continued use is a combination of
actions. First, installing a transient
suppression device (TSD) on FQIS and
float level switches would be needed. In
order to maximize wire separation, the
TSD must be installed as close as
possible to the points where the FQIS
and float level switch wires exit the TSD
and enter the auxiliary tank. Other
actions might include replacing highenergy FQISs, and float level switches
that are impractical for TSD application
with intrinsically safe FQISs providing
wire separation, conducting a one-time
inspection and/or replacing aging float
level switch conduit assemblies,
periodically inspecting the external dry
bay system components and wires, and
testing the integrity of bonding
resistances.
Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., has not fully
provided the service information
required under SFAR 88 that would
correct these conditions; therefore, we
must mandate the deactivation of all
Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., auxiliary fuel
tanks.
If operators do not wish to deactivate
their auxiliary fuel tanks, we will
consider requests for alternative
methods of compliance (AMOCs). The
most likely requests would be to allow
continued use of the tanks by showing
compliance with SFAR 88. This would
involve obtaining STCs to modify the
auxiliary fuel tank systems and
developing maintenance procedures to
address the safety issues identified
above.
Once an operator has deactivated a
tank as proposed by this NPRM, the
operator might wish to remove the tank.
This would require a separate design
approval, if an approved tank removal
procedure does not exist.
FAA’s Determination and Requirements
of the Proposed AD
We have evaluated all pertinent
information and identified an unsafe
condition that is likely to exist or
develop on other products of this same
type design. For this reason, we are
proposing this AD, which would require
deactivation to prevent usage of
auxiliary fuel tanks.
Explanation of Compliance Time
In most ADs, we adopt a compliance
time allowing a specified amount of
time after the AD’s effective date. In this
case, however, the FAA has already
issued regulations that require operators
to revise their maintenance/inspection
programs to address fuel tank safety
issues. The compliance date for these
regulations is December 16, 2008. To
provide for coordinated implementation
of these regulations and this proposed
AD, we are using this same compliance
date in this proposed AD.
Costs of Compliance
The following table provides the
estimated costs for the 37 U.S.registered airplanes to comply with this
proposed AD. Based on these figures,
the estimated costs for U.S. operators
could be as high as $239,760 to prepare
and report the deactivation procedures,
and $133,200 to deactivate tanks.
ESTIMATED COSTS
Action
Work hours
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Report ..............................................................................................................
Preparation of tank deactivation procedure ....................................................
Physical tank deactivation ...............................................................................
Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code
specifies the FAA’s authority to issue
rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I,
Section 106, describes the authority of
the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII,
Aviation Programs, describes in more
detail the scope of the Agency’s
authority.
We are issuing this rulemaking under
the authority described in Subtitle VII,
Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701,
‘‘General requirements.’’ Under that
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Average labor
rate per hour
1
80
30
section, Congress charges the FAA with
promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in
air commerce by prescribing regulations
for practices, methods, and procedures
the Administrator finds necessary for
safety in air commerce. This regulation
is within the scope of that authority
because it addresses an unsafe condition
that is likely to exist or develop on
products identified in this rulemaking
action.
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$80
80
80
Parts
Individual cost
None ...........
None ...........
1,200 ...........
$80, per STC.
6,400, per STC.
3,600, per airplane.
Regulatory Findings
We have determined that this
proposed AD would not have federalism
implications under Executive Order
13132. This proposed AD would not
have a substantial direct effect on the
States, on the relationship between the
national Government and the States, or
on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I
certify that the proposed regulation:
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1. Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory
action’’ under Executive Order 12866;
2. Is not a ‘‘significant rule’’ under the
DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures
(44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and
3. Will not have a significant
economic impact, positive or negative,
on a substantial number of small entities
under the criteria of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act.
We prepared a regulatory evaluation
of the estimated costs to comply with
this proposed AD and placed it in the
AD docket. See the ADDRESSES section
for a location to examine the regulatory
evaluation.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation
safety, Safety.
The Proposed Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority
delegated to me by the Administrator,
the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part
39 as follows:
by adding the following new
airworthiness directive (AD):
Various Transport Category Airplanes:
Docket No. FAA–2007–0389; Directorate
Identifier 2007–NM–222–AD.
Comments Due Date
(a) The FAA must receive comments on
this AD action by February 19, 2008.
PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS
DIRECTIVES
Affected ADs
1. The authority citation for part 39
continues to read as follows:
Applicability
(b) None.
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
§ 39.13
[Amended]
2. The Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) amends § 39.13
(c) This AD applies to airplanes,
certificated in any category, and equipped
with auxiliary fuel tanks installed in
accordance with specified supplemental type
certificates (STCs), as identified in Table 1 of
this AD.
TABLE 1.—AFFECTED AIRPLANES
Airplanes
Auxiliary tank STC(s)
Boeing Model 727–100 series airplanes ..................................................
Boeing Model 727–200 and –200F series airplanes ...............................
McDonnell Douglas Model DC–9–14 airplanes .......................................
McDonnell Douglas Model DC–9–32, DC–9–32 (VC–9C), DC–9–32F,
DC–9–33F, and DC–9–32F (C–9A, C–9B) airplanes.
Unsafe Condition
(d) This AD results from fuel system
reviews conducted by the manufacturer,
which identified potential unsafe conditions
for which the manufacturer has not provided
corrective actions. We are issuing this AD to
prevent the potential of ignition sources
inside fuel tanks, which, in combination with
flammable fuel vapors, could result in fuel
tank explosions and consequent loss of the
airplane.
mstockstill on PROD1PC66 with PROPOSALS
Compliance
(e) You are responsible for having the
actions required by this AD performed within
the compliance times specified, unless the
actions have already been done.
Report
(f) Within 45 days after the effective date
of this AD, submit a report to the Manager,
Atlanta Aircraft Certification Office (ACO),
FAA. The report must include the
information listed in paragraphs (f)(1) and
(f)(2) of this AD. Under the provisions of the
Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et
seq.), the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) has approved the information
collection requirements contained in this AD,
and assigned OMB Control Number 2120–
0056.
(1) The airplane registration and auxiliary
tank STC number installed.
(2) The usage frequency in terms of total
number of flights per year and total number
of flights per year for which the auxiliary
tank is used.
Prevent Usage of Auxiliary Fuel Tanks
(g) On or before December 16, 2008,
deactivate the auxiliary fuel tanks, in
accordance with a deactivation procedure
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ST01587AT.
SA2033NM, SA1474SO
SA1334NM
SA1710SO and SA1358NM
approved by the Manager of the Atlanta ACO.
Any auxiliary tank component that remains
on the airplane must be secured and must
have no effect on the continued operational
safety and airworthiness of the airplane.
Deactivation may not result in the need for
additional instructions for continued
airworthiness.
Note 1: Appendix A of this AD provides
criteria that should be included in the
deactivation procedure. The proposed
deactivation procedures should be submitted
to the Manager, Atlanta ACO as soon as
possible to ensure timely review and
approval.
Note 2: For technical information, contact
Randy Smith, President, Southeast Aero-Tek,
Inc., 675 Oleander Drive, Merritt Island,
Florida 32952; telephone (321) 453–7876; fax
(321) 453–7872.
Alternative Methods of Compliance
(AMOCs)
(h)(1) The Manager, Atlanta ACO, FAA,
has the authority to approve AMOCs for this
AD, if requested in accordance with the
procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19.
(2) To request a different method of
compliance or a different compliance time
for this AD, follow the procedures in 14 CFR
39.19. Before using any approved AMOC on
any airplane to which the AMOC applies,
notify your appropriate principal inspector
(PI) in the FAA Flight Standards District
Office (FSDO), or lacking a PI, your local
FSDO.
Appendix A—Deactivation Criteria
The auxiliary fuel tank deactivation
procedure required by paragraph (g) of this
AD should address the following actions.
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(1) Permanently drain auxiliary fuel tanks,
and clear them of fuel vapors to eliminate the
possibility of out-gassing of fuel vapors from
the emptied auxiliary tank.
(2) Disconnect all electrical connections
from the fuel quantity indication system
(FQIS), fuel pumps if applicable, float
switches, and all other electrical connections
required for auxiliary tank operation, and
stow them at the auxiliary tank interface.
(3) Disconnect all pneumatic connections if
applicable, cap them at the pneumatic
source, and secure them.
(4) Disconnect all fuel feed and fuel vent
plumbing interfaces with airplane original
equipment manufacturer (OEM) tanks, cap
them at the airplane tank side, and secure
them in accordance with a method approved
by the FAA; one approved method is
specified in AC 25–8 Fuel Tank Flammability
Minimization. In order to eliminate the
possibility of structural deformation during
cabin decompression, leave open and secure
the disconnected auxiliary fuel tank vent
lines.
(5) Pull and collar all circuit breakers used
to operate the auxiliary tank.
(6) Revise the weight and balance
document, if required, and obtain FAA
approval.
(7) Amend the applicable sections of the
applicable airplane flight manual (AFM) to
indicate that the auxiliary fuel tank is
deactivated. Remove auxiliary fuel tank
operating procedures to ensure that only the
OEM fuel system operational procedures are
contained in the AFM. Amend the
Limitations Section of the AFM to indicate
that the AFM Supplement for the STC is not
in effect. Place a placard in the flight deck
indicating that the auxiliary tank is
deactivated. The AFM revisions specified in
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Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 1 / Wednesday, January 2, 2008 / Proposed Rules
this paragraph may be accomplished by
inserting a copy of this AD into the AFM.
(8) Amend the applicable sections of the
applicable airplane maintenance manual to
remove auxiliary tank maintenance
procedures.
(9) After the auxiliary fuel tank is
deactivated, accomplish procedures such as
leak checks and pressure checks deemed
necessary before returning the airplane to
service. These procedures must include
verification that the airplane FQIS and fuel
distribution systems have not been adversely
affected.
(10) Include with the operator’s proposed
procedures any relevant information or
additional steps that are deemed necessary
by the operator to comply with the
deactivation and return the airplane to
service.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on
December 19, 2007.
Ali Bahrami,
Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate,
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. E7–25482 Filed 12–31–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2007–0218; Directorate
Identifier 92–ANE–56–AD]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Lycoming
Engines, Fuel Injected Reciprocating
Engines
a repetitive inspection compliance time.
We are proposing this AD to prevent
failure of the fuel injector fuel lines that
would allow fuel to spray into the
engine compartment, resulting in an
engine fire.
DATES: We must receive any comments
on this proposed AD by March 3, 2008.
ADDRESSES: Use one of the following
addresses to comment on this proposed
AD.
• Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to
https://www.regulations.gov and follow
the instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
• Mail: Docket Management Facility,
U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200
New Jersey Avenue, SE., West Building
Ground Floor, Room W12–140,
Washington, DC 20590–0001.
• Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail
address above between 9 a.m. and 5
p.m., Monday through Friday, except
Federal holidays.
• Fax: (202) 493–2251.
Contact Lycoming Engines, 652 Oliver
Street, Williamsport, PA 17701, or go to
https://www.lycoming.textron.com, for
the service information identified in this
proposed AD.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Norm Perenson, Aerospace Engineer,
New York Aircraft Certification Office,
FAA, Engine & Propeller Directorate,
1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410,
Westbury, NY 11590; e-mail:
Norman.perenson@faa.gov; telephone
(516) 228–7337; fax (516) 794–5531.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
AGENCY:
Comments Invited
SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to
supersede an existing airworthiness
directive (AD) for certain fuel injected
reciprocating engines manufactured by
Lycoming Engines. That AD currently
requires inspection, and replacement if
necessary, of externally mounted fuel
injector fuel lines. This proposed AD
would require the same actions but
would add additional engine models,
would clarify certain compliance time
wording, and would exempt engines
that have a Maintenance and Overhaul
Manual with an Airworthiness
Limitations Section that requires
inspection, and replacement if
necessary, of externally mounted fuel
injector lines. This proposed AD results
from Lycoming Engines revising their
Mandatory Service Bulletin (MSB) to
add new engine models requiring
inspection, and from the need to clarify
We invite you to send any written
relevant data, views, or arguments
regarding this proposal. Send your
comments to an address listed under
ADDRESSES. Include ‘‘Docket No. FAA–
2007–0218; Directorate Identifier 92–
ANE–56–AD’’ in the subject line of your
comments. We specifically invite
comments on the overall regulatory,
economic, environmental, and energy
aspects of the proposed AD. We will
consider all comments received by the
closing date and may amend the
proposed AD in light of those
comments.
We will post all comments we
receive, without change, to https://
www.regulations.gov, including any
personal information you provide. We
will also post a report summarizing each
substantive verbal contact with FAA
personnel concerning this proposed AD.
Using the search function of the Web
site, anyone can find and read the
comments in any of our dockets,
including, if provided, the name of the
individual who sent the comment (or
mstockstill on PROD1PC66 with PROPOSALS
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking
(NPRM).
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87
signed the comment on behalf of an
association, business, labor union, etc.).
You may review the DOT’s complete
Privacy Act Statement in the Federal
Register published on April 11, 2000
(65 FR 19477–78).
Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket on
the Internet at https://
www.regulations.gov; or in person at the
Docket Operations office between 9 a.m.
and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays. The AD docket
contains this proposed AD, the
regulatory evaluation, any comments
received, and other information. The
street address for the Docket Operations
office (telephone (800) 647–5527) is the
same as the Mail address provided in
the ADDRESSES section. Comments will
be available in the AD docket shortly
after receipt.
Discussion
The FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR
part 39 by superseding AD 2002–26–01,
Amendment 39–12986 (67 FR 78965,
December 27, 2002). That AD requires
inspection, and replacement if
necessary, of externally mounted fuel
injector fuel lines. That AD was the
result of the need to ensure that the
additional Textron Lycoming fuel
injected engine series listed in that final
rule, receive the same inspections as
series covered by the two previous ADs
that were superseded by AD 2002–26–
01. That condition, if not corrected,
could result in failure of the fuel
injector fuel lines allowing fuel to spray
into the engine compartment, resulting
in an engine fire.
Actions Since AD 2002–26–01 Was
Issued
Since AD 2002–26–01 was issued,
Lycoming Engines has added new
engine models to the list of engines
requiring inspection, and replacement if
necessary, of externally mounted fuel
injector fuel lines. They have also added
other new engines that are exempt from
this AD, because they have a
Maintenance and Overhaul Manual with
an Airworthiness Limitations Section
that requires inspection, and
replacement if necessary, of externally
mounted fuel injector lines. These
engines are not listed in the revised
Lycoming Engines MSB. Also, since AD
2002–26–01 was issued, we found that
we need to clarify the repetitive
inspection compliance time from ‘‘at
each 100-hour inspection’’ to ‘‘at
intervals of 100 hours time-in-service
(not to exceed 110 hours)’’, to include
engines that are not subject to 100-hour
inspections.
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 1 (Wednesday, January 2, 2008)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 84-87]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-25482]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA-2007-0389; Directorate Identifier 2007-NM-222-AD]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Various Transport Category Airplanes
Equipped With Auxiliary Fuel Tanks Installed in Accordance With Certain
Supplemental Type Certificates
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of
Transportation (DOT).
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to adopt a new airworthiness directive (AD)
for various transport category airplanes. This proposed AD would
require deactivation of Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., auxiliary fuel tanks.
This proposed AD results from fuel system reviews conducted by the
manufacturer, which identified potential unsafe conditions for which
the manufacturer has not provided corrective actions. We are proposing
this AD to prevent the potential of ignition sources inside fuel tanks,
which, in combination with flammable fuel vapors, could result in fuel
tank explosions and consequent loss of the airplane.
DATES: We must receive comments on this proposed AD by February 19,
2008.
ADDRESSES: You may send comments by any of the following methods:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to https://
www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
Fax: 202-493-2251.
Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington, DC 20590.
Hand Delivery: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Examining the AD Docket
You may examine the AD docket on the Internet at https://
www.regulations.gov; or in person at the Docket Management Facility
between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays. The AD docket contains this proposed AD, the regulatory
evaluation, any comments received, and other information. The street
address for the Docket Office (telephone 800-647-5527) is in the
ADDRESSES section. Comments will be available in the AD docket shortly
after receipt.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Robert Bosak, Aerospace Engineer,
Propulsion and Services Branch, ACE-118A, FAA, Atlanta Aircraft
Certification Office, One Crown Center, 1895 Phoenix Boulevard, Suite
460, Atlanta, Georgia 30349; telephone (770) 703-6094; fax (770) 703-
6097.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
We invite you to send any written relevant data, views, or
arguments about this proposed AD. Send your comments to an address
listed under the ADDRESSES section. Include ``Docket No. FAA-2007-0389;
Directorate Identifier 2007-NM-222-AD'' at the beginning of your
comments. We specifically invite comments on the overall regulatory,
economic, environmental, and energy aspects of this proposed AD. We
will consider all comments received by the closing date and may amend
this proposed AD because of those comments.
We will post all comments we receive, without change, to https://
www.regulations.gov, including any personal information you provide. We
will also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal contact we
receive about this proposed AD.
Discussion
The FAA has examined the underlying safety issues involved in fuel
tank explosions on several large transport airplanes, including the
adequacy of existing regulations, the service history of airplanes
subject to those regulations, and existing maintenance practices for
fuel tank systems. As a result of those findings, we issued a
regulation titled ``Transport Airplane Fuel Tank System Design Review,
Flammability Reduction and Maintenance and Inspection Requirements''
(66 FR 23086, May 7, 2001). In addition to new airworthiness standards
for transport airplanes and new maintenance requirements, this rule
included Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 88 (``SFAR 88,''
Amendment 21-78, and subsequent Amendments 21-82 and 21-83).
Among other actions, SFAR 88 requires certain type design (i.e.,
type certificate (TC) and supplemental type certificate (STC) design
approval) holders to substantiate that their fuel tank systems can
prevent ignition sources in the fuel tanks. This requirement applies to
design approval holders for large turbine-powered transport airplanes
and for subsequent modifications to those airplanes. It requires them
to perform design reviews and to develop design changes and maintenance
procedures if their designs do not meet the new fuel tank safety
standards. As explained in the preamble to the rule, we intended to
adopt airworthiness directives to mandate any changes found necessary
to address unsafe conditions identified as a result of these reviews.
In evaluating these design reviews, we have established four
criteria intended to define the unsafe conditions associated with fuel
tank systems that require corrective actions. The percentage of
operating time during which fuel tanks are exposed to flammable
conditions is one of these criteria. The other three criteria address
the failure types under evaluation: Single failures, single failures in
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combination with another latent condition(s), and in-service failure
experience. For all four criteria, the evaluations included
consideration of previous actions taken that may mitigate the need for
further action.
We have determined that the actions identified in this proposed AD
are necessary to reduce the potential of ignition sources inside fuel
tanks, which, in combination with flammable fuel vapors, could result
in fuel tank explosions and consequent loss of the airplane.
Supplemental Type Certificates (STCs) for Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc.,
Auxiliary Fuel Tanks
The auxiliary fuel tank STCs on affected airplanes are a double-
walled cylindrical type design. The double-walled cylindrical tanks use
pneumatic air pressure to empty into the airplane's center wing tank.
All auxiliary tanks use some type of electrical fuel quantity
indication system (FQIS), flight deck control and annunciation panels,
float level switches, valves and venting systems, electrical wiring
connections in the dry bay area, and electrical bonding methods.
FAA's Findings
During the SFAR 88 safety assessment, it was determined that the
Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., FQIS and float level switch did not meet
intrinsically safe electrical energy levels as described in the
guidelines of Advisory Circular (AC) 25.981-1B, ``Fuel Tank Ignition
Source Prevention Guidelines.'' Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., identified
potential ignition sources resulting from a combination of single and
latent failures for the Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., fuel tank subsystems.
To prevent high electrical energy levels from the FQIS and float level
switch from entering the auxiliary fuel tank, we have determined that
the appropriate solution for continued use is a combination of actions.
First, installing a transient suppression device (TSD) on FQIS and
float level switches would be needed. In order to maximize wire
separation, the TSD must be installed as close as possible to the
points where the FQIS and float level switch wires exit the TSD and
enter the auxiliary tank. Other actions might include replacing high-
energy FQISs, and float level switches that are impractical for TSD
application with intrinsically safe FQISs providing wire separation,
conducting a one-time inspection and/or replacing aging float level
switch conduit assemblies, periodically inspecting the external dry bay
system components and wires, and testing the integrity of bonding
resistances.
Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., has not fully provided the service
information required under SFAR 88 that would correct these conditions;
therefore, we must mandate the deactivation of all Southeast Aero-Tek,
Inc., auxiliary fuel tanks.
If operators do not wish to deactivate their auxiliary fuel tanks,
we will consider requests for alternative methods of compliance
(AMOCs). The most likely requests would be to allow continued use of
the tanks by showing compliance with SFAR 88. This would involve
obtaining STCs to modify the auxiliary fuel tank systems and developing
maintenance procedures to address the safety issues identified above.
Once an operator has deactivated a tank as proposed by this NPRM,
the operator might wish to remove the tank. This would require a
separate design approval, if an approved tank removal procedure does
not exist.
FAA's Determination and Requirements of the Proposed AD
We have evaluated all pertinent information and identified an
unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on other products
of this same type design. For this reason, we are proposing this AD,
which would require deactivation to prevent usage of auxiliary fuel
tanks.
Explanation of Compliance Time
In most ADs, we adopt a compliance time allowing a specified amount
of time after the AD's effective date. In this case, however, the FAA
has already issued regulations that require operators to revise their
maintenance/inspection programs to address fuel tank safety issues. The
compliance date for these regulations is December 16, 2008. To provide
for coordinated implementation of these regulations and this proposed
AD, we are using this same compliance date in this proposed AD.
Costs of Compliance
The following table provides the estimated costs for the 37 U.S.-
registered airplanes to comply with this proposed AD. Based on these
figures, the estimated costs for U.S. operators could be as high as
$239,760 to prepare and report the deactivation procedures, and
$133,200 to deactivate tanks.
Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average labor
Action Work hours rate per hour Parts Individual cost
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Report.......................... 1 $80 None................ $80, per STC.
Preparation of tank deactivation 80 80 None................ 6,400, per STC.
procedure.
Physical tank deactivation...... 30 80 1,200............... 3,600, per airplane.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, Section 106, describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
We are issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701, ``General
requirements.'' Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with
promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing
regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator
finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within
the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition
that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this
rulemaking action.
Regulatory Findings
We have determined that this proposed AD would not have federalism
implications under Executive Order 13132. This proposed AD would not
have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship
between the national Government and the States, or on the distribution
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify that the proposed
regulation:
[[Page 86]]
1. Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order
12866;
2. Is not a ``significant rule'' under the DOT Regulatory Policies
and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and
3. Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
We prepared a regulatory evaluation of the estimated costs to
comply with this proposed AD and placed it in the AD docket. See the
ADDRESSES section for a location to examine the regulatory evaluation.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Safety.
The Proposed Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 39 as follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
2. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) amends Sec. 39.13 by
adding the following new airworthiness directive (AD):
Various Transport Category Airplanes: Docket No. FAA-2007-0389;
Directorate Identifier 2007-NM-222-AD.
Comments Due Date
(a) The FAA must receive comments on this AD action by February
19, 2008.
Affected ADs
(b) None.
Applicability
(c) This AD applies to airplanes, certificated in any category,
and equipped with auxiliary fuel tanks installed in accordance with
specified supplemental type certificates (STCs), as identified in
Table 1 of this AD.
Table 1.--Affected Airplanes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Airplanes Auxiliary tank STC(s)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Boeing Model 727-100 series airplanes.. ST01587AT.
Boeing Model 727-200 and -200F series SA2033NM, SA1474SO
airplanes.
McDonnell Douglas Model DC-9-14 SA1334NM
airplanes.
McDonnell Douglas Model DC-9-32, DC-9- SA1710SO and SA1358NM
32 (VC-9C), DC-9-32F, DC-9-33F, and DC-
9-32F (C-9A, C-9B) airplanes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unsafe Condition
(d) This AD results from fuel system reviews conducted by the
manufacturer, which identified potential unsafe conditions for which
the manufacturer has not provided corrective actions. We are issuing
this AD to prevent the potential of ignition sources inside fuel
tanks, which, in combination with flammable fuel vapors, could
result in fuel tank explosions and consequent loss of the airplane.
Compliance
(e) You are responsible for having the actions required by this
AD performed within the compliance times specified, unless the
actions have already been done.
Report
(f) Within 45 days after the effective date of this AD, submit a
report to the Manager, Atlanta Aircraft Certification Office (ACO),
FAA. The report must include the information listed in paragraphs
(f)(1) and (f)(2) of this AD. Under the provisions of the Paperwork
Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements
contained in this AD, and assigned OMB Control Number 2120-0056.
(1) The airplane registration and auxiliary tank STC number
installed.
(2) The usage frequency in terms of total number of flights per
year and total number of flights per year for which the auxiliary
tank is used.
Prevent Usage of Auxiliary Fuel Tanks
(g) On or before December 16, 2008, deactivate the auxiliary
fuel tanks, in accordance with a deactivation procedure approved by
the Manager of the Atlanta ACO. Any auxiliary tank component that
remains on the airplane must be secured and must have no effect on
the continued operational safety and airworthiness of the airplane.
Deactivation may not result in the need for additional instructions
for continued airworthiness.
Note 1: Appendix A of this AD provides criteria that should be
included in the deactivation procedure. The proposed deactivation
procedures should be submitted to the Manager, Atlanta ACO as soon
as possible to ensure timely review and approval.
Note 2: For technical information, contact Randy Smith,
President, Southeast Aero-Tek, Inc., 675 Oleander Drive, Merritt
Island, Florida 32952; telephone (321) 453-7876; fax (321) 453-7872.
Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
(h)(1) The Manager, Atlanta ACO, FAA, has the authority to
approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested in accordance with the
procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19.
(2) To request a different method of compliance or a different
compliance time for this AD, follow the procedures in 14 CFR 39.19.
Before using any approved AMOC on any airplane to which the AMOC
applies, notify your appropriate principal inspector (PI) in the FAA
Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), or lacking a PI, your local
FSDO.
Appendix A--Deactivation Criteria
The auxiliary fuel tank deactivation procedure required by
paragraph (g) of this AD should address the following actions.
(1) Permanently drain auxiliary fuel tanks, and clear them of
fuel vapors to eliminate the possibility of out-gassing of fuel
vapors from the emptied auxiliary tank.
(2) Disconnect all electrical connections from the fuel quantity
indication system (FQIS), fuel pumps if applicable, float switches,
and all other electrical connections required for auxiliary tank
operation, and stow them at the auxiliary tank interface.
(3) Disconnect all pneumatic connections if applicable, cap them
at the pneumatic source, and secure them.
(4) Disconnect all fuel feed and fuel vent plumbing interfaces
with airplane original equipment manufacturer (OEM) tanks, cap them
at the airplane tank side, and secure them in accordance with a
method approved by the FAA; one approved method is specified in AC
25-8 Fuel Tank Flammability Minimization. In order to eliminate the
possibility of structural deformation during cabin decompression,
leave open and secure the disconnected auxiliary fuel tank vent
lines.
(5) Pull and collar all circuit breakers used to operate the
auxiliary tank.
(6) Revise the weight and balance document, if required, and
obtain FAA approval.
(7) Amend the applicable sections of the applicable airplane
flight manual (AFM) to indicate that the auxiliary fuel tank is
deactivated. Remove auxiliary fuel tank operating procedures to
ensure that only the OEM fuel system operational procedures are
contained in the AFM. Amend the Limitations Section of the AFM to
indicate that the AFM Supplement for the STC is not in effect. Place
a placard in the flight deck indicating that the auxiliary tank is
deactivated. The AFM revisions specified in
[[Page 87]]
this paragraph may be accomplished by inserting a copy of this AD
into the AFM.
(8) Amend the applicable sections of the applicable airplane
maintenance manual to remove auxiliary tank maintenance procedures.
(9) After the auxiliary fuel tank is deactivated, accomplish
procedures such as leak checks and pressure checks deemed necessary
before returning the airplane to service. These procedures must
include verification that the airplane FQIS and fuel distribution
systems have not been adversely affected.
(10) Include with the operator's proposed procedures any
relevant information or additional steps that are deemed necessary
by the operator to comply with the deactivation and return the
airplane to service.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on December 19, 2007.
Ali Bahrami,
Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service.
[FR Doc. E7-25482 Filed 12-31-07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P