Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonates; Significant New Use Rule, 57222-57235 [E7-19828]

Agencies

• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 194 (Tuesday, October 9, 2007)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 57222-57235]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-19828]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 721

[EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0015; FRL-8150-4]
RIN 2070-AJ18


Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonates; Significant New Use Rule

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is amending a significant new use rule (SNUR) under 
section 5(a)(2) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to include 
certain additional perfluoroalkyl sulfonate (PFAS) chemicals. EPA is 
amending the PFAS SNUR at 40 CFR 721.9582 by adding a new Table 3 which 
includes the PFAS chemicals currently on the public TSCA Inventory that 
are not already covered by the SNUR. This rule requires manufacturers, 
including importers, to notify EPA at least 90 days before commencing 
the manufacture or import of the PFAS chemicals listed in Table 3 of 
the regulatory text for the significant new uses described in this 
document on or after November 8, 2007. EPA believes that this action is 
appropriate because these chemical substances may be hazardous to human 
health and the environment. This required notice will provide EPA the 
opportunity to evaluate intended significant new uses and associated 
activities before they occur and, if necessary, to prohibit or limit 
those uses or activities.

DATES: This final rule is effective November 8, 2007.

ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under docket 
identification (ID) number EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0015. All documents in the 
docket are listed in the docket index available in regulations.gov. To 
access the electronic docket, go to https://www.regulations.gov, select 
``Advanced Search,'' then ``Docket Search.'' Insert the docket ID 
number where indicated and select the ``Submit'' button. Follow the 
instructions on the regulations.gov website to view the docket index or 
access available documents. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., Confidential Business 
Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted 
by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will 
be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket 
materials are available electronically at https://www.regulations.gov, 
or, if only available in hard copy, at the OPPT Docket. The OPPT Docket 
is located in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC) at Rm. 3334, EPA West 
Bldg., 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. The EPA/DC Public 
Reading Room hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, excluding Federal holidays. The telephone number of the 
EPA/DC Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number 
for the OPPT Docket is (202) 566-0280. Docket visitors are required to 
show photographic identification, pass through a metal detector, and 
sign the EPA visitor log. All visitor bags are processed through an X-
ray machine and subject to search. Visitors will be provided an EPA/DC 
badge that must be visible at all times in the building and returned 
upon departure.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general information contact: Colby 
Lintner, Regulatory Coordinator, Environmental Assistance Division 
(7408M), Office of Pollution Prevention

[[Page 57223]]

and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., 
NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001; telephone number: (202) 554-1404; e-
mail address: TSCA-Hotline@epa.gov.
    For technical information contact: Amy Breedlove, Chemical Control 
Division (7405M), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20460-0001; telephone number: (202) 564-9823; e-mail 
address: breedlove.amy@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Does this Action Apply to Me?

    You may be potentially affected by this action if you manufacture 
or import any of the chemical substances that are listed in Table 3 of 
the regulatory text. This action may also affect certain entities 
through pre-existing import certification and export notification rules 
under TSCA. Persons who import any chemical substance governed by a 
final SNUR are subject to the TSCA section 13 (15 U.S.C. 2612) import 
certification requirements and the corresponding regulations at 19 CFR 
12.118 through 12.127 and 127.28. Those persons must certify that the 
shipment of the chemical substance complies with all applicable rules 
and orders under TSCA, including any SNUR requirements. The EPA policy 
in support of import certification appears at 40 CFR part 707, subpart 
B. In addition, any persons who export or intend to export a chemical 
substance that is the subject of this rule are subject to the export 
notification provisions of TSCA section 12(b)(15 U.S.C. 2611(b))(see 40 
CFR 721.20), and must comply with the export notification requirements 
in 40 CFR part 707, subpart D. Potentially affected entities may 
include, but are not limited to:
     Manufacturers (defined by statute to include importers) or 
chemical exporters of one or more of the subject chemical substances 
(NAICS codes 325 and 324110), e.g., chemical manufacturing and 
petroleum refineries.
     Establishments (NAICS code 332813), e.g., primarily 
engaged in electroplating, plating, anodizing, coloring, buffing, 
polishing, cleaning, and sandblasting metals and metal products.
    This listing is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides 
a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this 
action. Other types of entities not listed in this unit could also be 
affected. The North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) 
codes have been provided to assist you and others in determining 
whether this action might apply to certain entities. To determine 
whether you or your business may be affected by this action, you should 
carefully examine the applicability provisions in 40 CFR 721.5 and 40 
CFR 721.9582 as described herein. Also consult Unit II. If you have any 
questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular 
entity, consult the technical person listed under FOR FURTHER 
INFORMATION CONTACT.

II. Background

    In the Federal Register of March 10, 2006 (71 FR 12311) (FRL-7740-
6), EPA proposed to add 183 PFAS chemicals to the SNUR at 40 CFR 
721.9582. The 183 chemicals being added to the SNUR are listed in Table 
3 in the regulatory text of this document. The chemicals listed in 
Table 3 are on the public TSCA Inventory and have the characteristic 
PFAS chemical structure of a perfluorinated carbon chain (Rf) greater 
than, or equal to, C5 attached to an SO2 group connected to the rest of 
the molecule. In addition, the proposal also included those chemicals 
with Rf ranges of perfluorinated carbon chains shorter than C5, and 
greater than C5, for example, C4-C12 and C6-C12. In this SNUR, this 
PFAS chemical structure is referred to as the Rf moiety. EPA believed 
the action was warranted given the similarity of these chemicals to 
those currently included in 40 CFR 721.9582 and the strong likelihood 
of similar health and environmental concerns, as discussed in Unit III. 
of the March 10, 2006 document. EPA also proposed to make the excepted 
uses described in 40 CFR 721.9582(a)(3) applicable to the chemicals 
listed in Table 3 of the proposed regulatory text.

A. What Action is the Agency Taking?

    The Agency is designating as a ``significant new use'' the 
manufacture, including import, of the chemical substances listed in 
Table 3 of the regulatory text, for any use, except for the excluded 
uses described in this unit. Based on comments received during the 
public comment period and related communications, EPA learned of an 
ongoing use of seven PFAS chemicals as a component of an etchant used 
in the plating process to produce electronic devices. Consequently, 
that use has been excluded from this SNUR for those seven chemicals. 
See Sec.  721.9582(a)(5) or the discussion in this unit of the 
significant new uses for a list of those chemicals.
    In addition, the public comments described the ongoing use of PFAS 
chemicals as a fume/mist suppressant in metal finishing and plating 
baths. However, based on searches of the Internet which generated 
information on PFAS from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and 
Development (OECD), industry, and information from the California Air 
Resources Board (Refs. 1 and 2), EPA has concluded that only one 
chemical in Table 3, tetraethylammonium perfluorooctanesulfonate (CAS 
No. 56773-42-3), is used in this application. Therefore, EPA has 
excluded that use of this chemical from this SNUR. However, EPA remains 
concerned about this use, because at least two commenters to this SNUR 
noted that small quantities of this PFAS surfactant are released in the 
routine renewal of the plating baths. In addition, since the close of 
the public comment period, EPA has learned from a 2007 survey by 
Minnesota of over 30 wastewater treatment plants that PFOS, which is 
the anionic counterion of this PFAS surfactant, is appearing in 
wastewater treatment plant influent, effluent, and sludge associated 
with the fume/mist suppressant use in metal finishing and plating 
baths. As a result of these concerns, although outside the scope of 
this rule, EPA will continue to work with state agencies and industry 
to identify best management practices for minimizing the release of 
this PFAS surfactant.
    A chemical fume (or mist) suppressant refers to any chemical agent 
that reduces or suppresses fumes or mists at the surface of an 
electroplating bath or solution. Chemical fume suppressants are 
``surface-active'' compounds that can be added directly to a chrome 
plate acid bath to reduce or control misting (Ref. 3). PFAS chemicals 
are effective fume suppressants because of their surfactant properties. 
Fume suppressants act by reducing the plating bath surface tension 
which then inhibits misting. Misting occurs when bubbles break free of 
a liquid bath's surface and burst in the air. When the surface tension 
of a bath is lowered, as occurs with the use of PFAS fume suppressants, 
gases escape at the surface of the plating bath solution with less of a 
``bursting'' effect, forming less mist (Ref. 4). Such fume 
suppressants, as opposed to other chemical surfactants, are used in the 
plating industry because the PFAS fume suppressant is able to withstand 
the harsh conditions of plating baths while lowering the plating bath 
surface tension to levels specified by current regulatory standards 
(Ref. 5). While several of these PFAS chemicals were developed for this 
use, only one is being used currently.
    The plating fume suppressant that contains tetraethylammonium

[[Page 57224]]

perfluorooctanesulfonate (CAS No. 56773-42-3) to reduce surface tension 
is different than the types of fume suppressants used in the plating 
industry that produce a foam blanket, and which can be used alone or in 
conjunction with PFAS fume suppressants.
    This rule requires persons to notify EPA at least 90 days before 
commencing the manufacture (including import) of the chemical 
substances identified in Table 3 of the regulatory text for any use, 
except:
     Use as an anti-erosion additive in fire-resistant 
phosphate ester aviation hydraulic fluids.
     Use as a component of a photoresist substance, including a 
photo acid generator or surfactant, or as a component of an anti-
reflective coating, used in a photomicrolithography process to produce 
semiconductors or similar components of electronic or other 
miniaturized devices.
     Use in coating for surface tension, static discharge, and 
adhesion control for analog and digital imaging films, papers, and 
printing plates, or as a surfactant in mixtures used to process imaging 
films.
     Use of: 1-Pentanesulfonic acid, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-
undecafluoro-, potassium salt (CAS No. 3872-25-1); Glycine, N-ethyl-N-
[(tridecafluorohexyl)sulfonyl]-, potassium salt (CAS No. 67584-53-6); 
Glycine, N-ethyl-N-[(pentadecafluoroheptyl)sulfonyl]-, potassium salt 
(CAS No. 67584-62-7); 1-Heptanesulfonic acid, 
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-pentadecafluoro-, ammonium salt (CAS No. 
68259-07-4); 1-Heptanesulfonamide, N-ethyl-
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-pentadecafluoro- (CAS No. 68957-62-0); 
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-[2-
[ethyl[(pentadecafluoroheptyl)sulfonyl]amino]ethyl]-.omega.-methoxy- 
(CAS No. 68958-60-1); or 1-Hexanesulfonic acid, 
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluoro-, compd. with 2,2'- 
iminobis[ethanol] (1:1) (CAS No. 70225-16-0) as a component of an 
etchant, including a surfactant or fume suppressant, used in the 
plating process to produce electronic devices.
     Use of tetraethylammonium perfluorooctanesulfonate (CAS 
No. 56773-42-3) as a fume/mist suppressant in metal finishing and 
plating baths. Examples of such metal finishing and plating baths 
include: Hard chrome plating; decorative chromium plating; chromic acid 
anodizing; nickel, cadmium, or lead plating; metal plating on plastics; 
and alkaline zinc plating.
     Use as an intermediate only to produce other chemical 
substances to be used solely for the uses listed in bullets 1, 2, or 3 
of this unit.

B. What is the Agency's Authority for Taking this Action?

    Section 5(a)(2) of TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2604(a)(2)) authorizes EPA to 
determine that a use of a chemical substance is a ``significant new 
use.'' EPA must make this determination by rule after considering all 
relevant factors, including those listed in TSCA section 5(a)(2). Once 
EPA determines that a use of a chemical substance is a significant new 
use, TSCA section 5(a)(1)(B) requires persons to submit a Significant 
New Use Notice (SNUN) to EPA at least 90 days before they manufacture, 
import, or process the chemical substance for that use (15 U.S.C. 
2604(a)(1)(B)). The mechanism for reporting under this requirement is 
established under 40 CFR 721.5.

C. Applicability of General Provisions

    General provisions for SNURs appear under 40 CFR part 721, subpart 
A. These provisions describe persons subject to the rule, recordkeeping 
requirements, exemptions to reporting requirements, and applicability 
of the rule to uses occurring before the effective date of the final 
rule. Provisions relating to user fees appear at 40 CFR part 700. 
According to 40 CFR 721.1(c), persons subject to this SNUR must comply 
with the same notice requirements and EPA regulatory procedures as 
submitters of Premanufacture Notices (PMNs) under TSCA section 
5(a)(1)(A). In particular, these requirements include the information 
submission requirements of TSCA section 5(b) and 5(d)(1), the 
exemptions authorized by TSCA section 5(h)(1), (h)(2), (h)(3), and 
(h)(5), and the regulations at 40 CFR part 720. Once EPA receives a 
SNUN, EPA may take regulatory action under TSCA section 5(e), 5(f), 6 
or 7 to control the activities for which it has received the SNUN. If 
EPA does not take action, EPA is required under TSCA section 5(g) to 
explain in the Federal Register its reasons for not taking action.
    Persons who export or intend to export a chemical substance 
identified in a proposed or final SNUR are subject to the export 
notification provisions of TSCA section 12(b). The regulations that 
implement TSCA section 12(b) appear at 40 CFR part 707, subpart D. 
Persons who import a chemical substance identified in a final SNUR are 
subject to the TSCA section 13 import certification requirements, which 
appear at 19 CFR 12.118 through 12.127 and 127.28. Such persons must 
certify that the shipment of the chemical substance complies with all 
applicable rules and orders under TSCA, including any SNUR 
requirements. The EPA policy in support of import certification appears 
at 40 CFR part 707, subpart B.

III. Objectives and Rationale for this Final Rule

A. Objectives

    Based on the considerations in Unit III. of the preamble to the 
proposed SNUR and in Unit III.B. and Unit IV. of this preamble, by 
issuing this SNUR, EPA will achieve the following objectives with 
regard to the significant new uses that are designated in this rule:
     EPA will receive notice of any person's intent to 
manufacture or import any chemical listed in Table 3 of the regulatory 
text for the described significant new use before that activity begins.
     EPA will have an opportunity to review and evaluate data 
submitted in a SNUN before the notice submitter begins to manufacture 
or import any chemicals listed in Table 3 of the regulatory text for a 
significant new use.
     EPA will have an opportunity to regulate prospective 
manufacturers or importers of any chemical listed in Table 3 of the 
regulatory text before a significant new use of the chemical substance 
occurs, provided that regulation is warranted pursuant to TSCA sections 
5(e), 5(f), 6 or 7.

B. Rationale

    EPA has concerns regarding adverse human health and environmental 
effects of PFAS. It is highly persistent in the environment, it tends 
to bioaccumulate, and it is toxic. In its voluntary phase-out of 
perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and PFOS-related products, the 3M 
Company, which had been the sole U.S. manufacturer of the chemicals, 
committed to stop production of all perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid 
products with alkyl chain lengths of C8 or greater. 3M completed its 
phase-out of PFOS production in 2002, which led to a significant 
reduction in the use of all PFAS-related substances.
    Production of the 183 PFAS chemicals in Table 3 is limited to the 
excluded uses described in 40 CFR 721.9582(a)(3) and in Unit II.A. of 
this document. Production volumes and exposures have been decreasing. 
Any manufacture or import for a significant new use is expected to 
significantly increase exposures beyond levels that now occur. EPA is 
concerned that manufacture or import of the PFAS chemicals listed in 
Table 3 of the regulatory text for any uses not

[[Page 57225]]

excluded by this SNUR could be reinitiated in the future. The notice 
required by this SNUR will provide EPA with additional information to 
evaluate activities associated with a significant new use and to 
protect against unreasonable risks, if any, from exposure to the 
substances.

IV. Significant New Use Determination

    Section 5(a)(2) of TSCA states that EPA's determination that a use 
of a chemical substance is a significant new use must be made after 
consideration of all relevant factors including:
     The projected volume of manufacturing and processing of a 
chemical substance.
     The extent to which the use changes the type or form of 
exposure of humans or the environment to a chemical substance.
     The extent to which the use increases the magnitude and 
duration of exposure of human beings or the environment to a chemical 
substance.
     The reasonably anticipated manner and methods of 
manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, and disposal of a 
chemical substance.
    TSCA section 5(a)(2) authorizes EPA to consider any other relevant 
factors in addition to the factors enumerated in the bulleted items.
    To determine what would constitute a significant new use of a 
chemical listed in Table 3 of the regulatory text, EPA considered 
relevant information about the toxicity of the PFAS substances, likely 
human exposures and environmental releases associated with possible 
uses, and the four factors listed in this unit.
    As described in Unit III. of the proposed SNUR, EPA has concerns 
regarding the reproductive and subchronic toxicity, persistence, and 
bioaccumulative potential of the chemical substances that are included 
in this SNUR. These concerns lead the Agency to believe that humans and 
the environment could suffer adverse effects from their use. Any use of 
these PFAS chemicals would continue to add to the reservoir of 
perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFASA) in the environment, resulting in 
additional human/environmental exposure. There is evidence that PFAS-
containing chemicals degrade to perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFASA), 
which exist in the anionic form in the environment, or to PFASA 
precursors.
    The latest information available to EPA indicates that the 
chemicals listed in Table 3 of the regulatory text are no longer being 
manufactured for any uses other than the excluded uses described in 
Unit II. of this SNUR. EPA believes that reintroduction of PFAS for any 
use other than the listed uses EPA has identified could significantly 
increase the production volume, and the magnitude and duration of 
exposure to humans and the environment to these chemical substances 
over that which would otherwise exist. Consequently, EPA wants the 
opportunity to evaluate and control, if appropriate, exposures 
associated with those activities before they occur. Based upon the 
relevant factors discussed in this unit, EPA has determined that the 
manufacture, including import, of any of the chemicals listed in Table 
3 of the regulatory text for any use other than those described in Unit 
II., is a significant new use.
    EPA will continue to evaluate the excluded uses and may pursue 
additional regulatory action under TSCA, if necessary in the future.

V. Test Data and Other Information

    TSCA section 5 does not require the development of any particular 
test data before submission of a SNUN. Persons are required to submit 
only test data in their possession or under their control and to 
describe any other data known to or reasonably ascertainable by them 
(15 U.S.C. 2604(d); 40 CFR 721.25).
    In view of the Agency's concerns regarding activities associated 
with the significant new use(s) of any chemical listed in Table 3 of 
the regulatory text, EPA recommends that SNUN submitters include data 
that would permit a reasoned evaluation of risks posed by the chemical 
substance during its manufacture, import, processing, use, distribution 
in commerce, or disposal. EPA encourages persons to consult with the 
Agency before submitting a SNUN. As part of this optional pre-notice 
consultation, EPA would discuss specific data it believes may be useful 
in evaluating a significant new use. SNUNs submitted for significant 
new uses without any test data may increase the likelihood that EPA 
will take action under TSCA section 5(e) to prohibit or limit 
activities associated with the chemical.
    SNUN submitters should be aware that EPA will be better able to 
evaluate SNUNs that provide detailed information on:
     Human exposures and environmental releases that may result 
from the significant new uses of the chemical substance.
     Potential benefits of the chemical substance.
     Information on risks posed by the chemical substance 
compared to risks posed by potential substitutes.

VI. SNUN Submissions

    SNUNs must be mailed to the Environmental Protection Agency, OPPT 
Document Control Office (7407M), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20460-0001. Information must be submitted in the form 
and manner set forth in EPA Form No. 7710-25. This form is available 
from the Environmental Assistance Division (7408M), 1200 Pennsylvania 
Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001 (see 40 CFR 721.25 and 720.40). 
Forms and information are also available electronically at https://
www.epa.gov/opptintr/newchems/pubs/pmnforms.htm.
    As discussed in Unit V., EPA recommends that submitters consult 
with the Agency prior to submitting a SNUN to discuss what data may be 
useful in evaluating a significant new use. Discussions with the Agency 
prior to submission can afford submitters ample time to conduct any 
tests that might be helpful in evaluating the risks posed by the 
substance.

VII. Applicability of Rule to Uses Occurring Before Effective Date of 
the Final Rule

    As discussed in the Federal Register of April 24, 1990 (55 FR 
17376), EPA has decided that the intent of section 5(a)(1)(B) of TSCA 
is best served by designating a use as a significant new use as of the 
date of publication of the proposed rule rather than as of the 
effective date of the final rule. If uses begun after publication of 
the proposed rule were considered ongoing rather than new, it would be 
difficult for EPA to establish SNUR notice requirements, because a 
person could defeat the SNUR by initiating the proposed significant new 
use before the rule became final, and then argue that the use was 
ongoing as of the effective date of the final rule. Thus, persons who 
may have begun commercial manufacture or import of the chemical 
substances listed in Table 3 of the regulatory text for the significant 
new uses listed in this final SNUR after the proposal was published on 
March 10, 2006, must stop that activity before the effective date of 
this final rule. To resume their activities, these persons would have 
to comply with all applicable SNUR notice requirements and wait until 
the notice review period, including all extensions, expires. EPA has 
promulgated provisions to allow persons to comply with this SNUR before 
the effective date. If a person were to meet the conditions of advance 
compliance under Sec.  721.45(h), that person would be considered to 
have met the

[[Page 57226]]

requirements of the final SNUR for those activities.

VIII. Discussion of the Final Significant New Use Rule and Response to 
Comments

    This action finalizes the SNUR proposed in the Federal Register on 
March 10, 2006 (71 FR 12311). On April 10, 2006 (71 FR 18055) (FRL-
7779-7), EPA extended the closing date of the public comment period 
from April 10, 2006 to May 10, 2006. On May 10, 2006 (71 FR 27217) 
(FRL-8068-8), EPA further extended the closing date of the comment 
period from May 10, 2006 to August 8, 2006.
    This final rule requires persons who intend to manufacture or 
import any of the chemical substances listed in Table 3 of the 
regulatory text for any use other than those excluded uses described in 
Unit II.A. to submit a SNUN at least 90 days before commencing the 
manufacture or importation of any of these chemicals.
    It should be noted that, in Table 3, some of the chemical names are 
different from those in the previous proposed SNUR of March 10, 2006. 
This is due to enhancement of the nomenclature or nomenclature changes 
adopted by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS). CAS is now using the 
16th Collective Index (known as the ACI). EPA has updated the 
previously used 9th Collective Index names to reflect the latest 
changes by CAS. The CAS numbers and chemicals, however, remain the 
same. In some cases, the extremely long ACI names have been truncated 
to save space. Each complete ACI name is available at the EPA website 
in the TSCA Substance Registry System (SRS) at https://www.epa.gov/srs. 
Also, to be consistent with the other tables already in the SNUR, the 
order of the listing has been reversed from the descending order used 
in the proposed SNUR to ascending order used in this final SNUR.
    The Agency reviewed and considered all comments received related to 
the proposed rule. Copies of all non-CBI comments are available at 
https://www.regulations.gov in the public docket for this action, EPA-
HQ-OPPT-2005-0015. A discussion of the comments germane to the 
rulemaking, and the Agency's responses, follows.
    1. Comment summary. Metal plating and finishing industries that 
currently use specific PFAS chemicals to meet regulatory standards for 
hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) emissions established by Federal and State 
regulations need to be excluded from the SNUR as a current use (similar 
to the exclusions for semiconductors and imaging products in previously 
promulgated SNURs). The releases and exposures to PFAS associated with 
the industry are comparably of much less concern than those related to 
nickel (Ni) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) which result when PFAS 
fume suppressants are not used. In addition, the economic and 
competitive liabilities will cripple this domestic industry if these 
chemicals are no longer permitted to be used. Commenters described 
their continuing efforts to find greener, safer substitutes, but 
explained that for many uses there are no viable alternatives. 
Commenters said that the metal finishing industry continues to support 
research and development efforts to identify commercially viable 
alternatives to hexavalent chromium plating chemistries. To date, 
alternative technologies show some promise for niche applications, but 
have not gained widespread commercial application due to: 1) The 
superior coating performance in decorative, functional, and corrosion 
protection applications for hexavalent chromium plating; 2) cost 
effective applications; 3) broad and flexible ranges of use; and 4) 
strong customer/market preferences for hexavalent chromium plating.
    Response. EPA now recognizes that the metal plating and finishing 
industries currently use a specific PFAS chemical, tetraethylammonium 
perfluorooctanesulfonate (CAS No. 56773-42-3), to meet regulatory 
standards for hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) emissions. Thus, EPA has 
included this ongoing use of tetraethylammonium 
perfluorooctanesulfonate, as described in Unit II.A., as an exclusion 
in this SNUR, but encourages the continued exploration for possible 
substitutes.
    2. Comment summary. Several specific uses of PFAS chemicals within 
the semiconductor, integrated circuit, and microelectronics industries 
were excluded from the previous two PFAS SNURs. The proposed SNUR 
includes an additional 183 chemicals that would affect those same uses 
in the same industry sectors, so the exclusions in the previous two 
SNURs should apply to the 183 chemicals listed in this SNUR. Also, 
these uses constitute ongoing uses, not significant new uses. The 
semiconductor industry has supported reduction initiatives and dialogue 
through trade associations in other regions around the world. One 
primary locus for reduction initiatives and dialogue has been the World 
Semiconductor Council.
    Response. EPA recognizes that these are ongoing uses, and is 
therefore not designating the uses as significant new uses of the 
chemicals listed in Table 3. EPA is applying the exclusions described 
in Unit II.A. to the list of 183 PFAS chemicals in Table 3 of the 
regulatory text. EPA appreciates the efforts the semiconductor, 
integrated circuit, and microelectronics industries have made in their 
commitment to limit PFAS usage, to search for alternatives, and to 
limit exposures and releases.
    3. Comment summary. Several specific uses of PFAS chemicals within 
the photographic film, paper, and imaging industries were excluded from 
the previous two PFAS SNURs. The proposed SNUR targets a broader list 
of 183 chemicals for these applications in the same industry sector. 
The exclusion in the previous SNURs should be applied to the 183 
chemicals as well. Also, these uses constitute ongoing uses, not 
significant new uses. Comments also stated that since concerns were 
first raised in 2000, the photographic film, paper, and imaging 
industries have aggressively pursued a voluntary risk reduction 
strategy by investing heavily in research to find alternative 
substances that possess the performance features described earlier for 
PFAS.
    Response. EPA recognizes that these are ongoing uses, and is 
therefore not designating the uses as significant new uses of the 
chemicals listed in Table 3. EPA is applying the current exclusion 
described in Unit II.A. to the list of 183 PFAS chemicals in Table 3 of 
the regulatory text. EPA appreciates the efforts the photographic film, 
paper, and imaging industries have made in their commitment to limit 
PFAS usage, to search for alternatives, and to limit exposures and 
releases.
    4. Comment summary. Commenter requested an explanation of how the 
183 chemicals in this SNUR were chosen, and pointed out that some of 
the alkyl ranges covered by the SNUR include chemicals with the PFAS 
chemical structure (Rf moiety) with a C4 chain length.
    Response. EPA proposed that any PFAS chemical listed on the public 
TSCA Inventory that contained the Rf moiety with a chain length of C5 
or larger as part of the chemical identity would be subject to the 
rulemaking process for this PFAS SNUR based on the similarity of these 
chemicals to those currently included in 40 CFR 721.9582. That decision 
addresses all PFAS chemicals on the public inventory that still remain 
after the previous two SNURs and the evidence that manufacturers have 
been moving to use the lower chain length PFAS chemicals. EPA also 
included all ranges that contained > C4 constituents, even when that 
lower end of the alkyl chain length

[[Page 57227]]

included C4 composition, in order to capture the higher homologues, 
including C8, as discussed in the proposed rule.
    5. Comment summary. This comment summary is based on the sanitized 
version of a Confidential Business Information (CBI) comment submitted 
to docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0015, DCN  63070000019, 
as well as additional information later provided by the commenter. The 
commenter originally indicated that it uses 13 of the 183 chemicals in/
as various specified applications. The commenter stated: 1) PFAS 
substances are not directly or indirectly introduced into consumer 
products; 2) the exclusions should be applied to the 183 chemicals in 
Table 3 of the proposed SNUR; and 3) it uses these chemicals for a 
specific use that is different from those uses that were excluded in 
previous SNURs, i.e., as a component of an etchant, including a 
surfactant or fume suppressant, used in the plating process to produce 
electronic devices. The commenter also provided information for the low 
risk applications of PFAS in these uses; e.g., low volume, low exposure 
to workers, and low PFAS content, and product stewardship 
accomplishments. The commenter requested an exclusion based on the 
activities being ongoing for use as a component of an etchant, 
including a surfactant or mist/fume suppressant, in plating processes 
to produce electronic devices. The commenter also reduced the number of 
chemicals involved in this ongoing etchant use from thirteen to seven 
chemicals.
    Response. The Agency now recognizes the use of the seven chemicals 
identified by the commenter as a component of an etchant used in the 
plating process to produce electronic devices is an ongoing use. 
Consequently, the Agency has included this use of any of the seven 
chemicals as an exclusion in the final SNUR.

IX. Economic Analysis

A. SNUNs

    EPA evaluated the potential costs of establishing SNUR reporting 
requirements for potential manufacturers and importers of the chemical 
substances included in Table 3 of the regulatory text. While most 
businesses are subject to a $2,500 user fee required by 40 CFR 
700.45(b)(2)(iii), small businesses with annual sales of less than $40 
million when combined with those of the parent company (if any) are 
subject to a reduced user fee of $100 (40 CFR 700.45(b)(1)). The cost 
of submitting a SNUN, estimated in EPA's Economic Analysis at $7,991, 
including the user fee (Ref. 6), will be incurred only if a company 
decides to pursue a significant new use as defined in this final SNUR. 
Furthermore, while the expense of a SNUN and the uncertainties of 
possible EPA regulation may discourage certain innovations, that impact 
would be limited because such factors are unlikely to discourage an 
innovation that has high potential value. EPA's complete economic 
analysis is available in the public docket for this rule (See docket ID 
number EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0015).

B. Export Notification

    Under section 12(b) of TSCA and implementing regulations at 40 CFR 
part 707, subpart D, exporters must notify EPA if they export or intend 
to export a chemical substance or mixture for which, among other 
things, a rule has been proposed or promulgated under TSCA section 5. 
On November 14, 2006, EPA revised the export notification requirement 
from an annual to a one-time requirement per each destination country 
for each exporter of a chemical substance subject to TSCA sections 
5(a)(2), 5(b), 5(e)(1), and 5(e)(2) (November 14, 2006, 71 FR 66234) 
(FRL-8101-3). Previous to this amendment, exporters were required to 
submit a notice the first time in the calendar year they exported a 
particular chemical to a particular country. Notifications must include 
the exporter's name and address, the chemical name, the date(s) of 
export or intended export, the importing country (or countries), and 
the section of TSCA under which EPA has taken action. The total costs 
of export notification will vary by chemical, depending on the number 
of required notifications (i.e., the number of countries to which the 
chemical is exported).
    In the report, Final Economic Analysis of the Amendments to TSCA 
Section 12(b) Export Notification Requirements (Ref. 7), it estimated 
the one-time export notification cost for an exporter making 25 
submissions in a year to be $1,076. For a single notification, the cost 
would be $43.04 ($1,076/25). This supersedes an earlier 1992 EPA 
estimate that the one-time cost of preparing and submitting an export 
notification was $62.60, and the subsequent update of that figure for 
inflation which was included in the economic analysis for the proposed 
SNUR.
    The total costs of export notification will vary per chemical, 
depending on the number of required notifications (i.e., number of 
countries to which the chemical is exported). EPA is unable to make any 
estimate of the likely number of export notifications for chemicals 
covered in this SNUR.

X. References

    1. California Air Resources Board, Barrera, Robert. E-mail dated 
May 1, 2006, 03:58 p.m. to Amy Breedlove, EPA/OPPT.
    2. EPA/OPPT. Internet Sources on tetraethylammonium 
perfluoroalkylsulfonate: Selective results of internet searches done by 
Amy Breedlove, March 9, 2007 and March 19, 2007.
    3. EPA. Capsule Report: Hard Chrome Fume Suppressants and Control 
Technologies. EPA/625/R-98/002, December 1998.
    4. EPA. National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; 
Proposed Standards for Chromium Emissions From Hard and Decorative 
Chromium Electroplating and Chromium Anodizing Tanks. Federal Register 
(58 FR 65768, December 16, 1993), p. 65779.
    5. Comments submitted to EPA from the Surface Finishing Industry 
Council on proposed SNUR for PFAS, August 8, 2006 (see document EPA-HQ-
OPPT-2005-0015-0024.1 available on-line at https://www.regulations.gov).
    6. EPA 2007. Economic Analysis of the Final Significant New Use 
Rule for 183 Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonates, August 20, 2007.
    7. EPA 2005. Final Economic Analysis of the Amendments to TSCA 
Section 12(b) Export Notification Requirements, August 2006 (see 
document EPA-HQ-OPPT-2005-0058-0017 available on-line at https://
www.regulations.gov).

XI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Executive Order 12866

    Under Executive Order 12866, entitled Regulatory Planning and 
Review (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), the Office of Management and 
Budget (OMB) has determined that this SNUR is not a ``significant 
regulatory action'' subject to review by OMB, because it does not meet 
the criteria in section 3(f) of the Executive Order.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    According to the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501 et 
seq., an Agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not 
required to respond to a collection of information that requires OMB 
approval under the PRA, unless it has been approved by OMB and displays 
a currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's 
regulations codified

[[Page 57228]]

in chapter 40 of the CFR, after appearing in the preamble of the final 
rule, are listed in 40 CFR part 9, are displayed either by publication 
in the Federal Register or by other appropriate means, such as on the 
related collection instrument or form, if applicable. The display of 
OMB control numbers in certain EPA regulations is consolidated in 40 
CFR part 9. For the ICR activity contained in this final rule, in 
addition to displaying the applicable OMB control number in this unit, 
the OMB control number assigned to this ICR activity is already 
included in the table in 40 CFR 9.1.
    The information collection requirements related to this action have 
already been approved by OMB pursuant to the PRA under OMB control 
number 2070-0038 (EPA ICR No. 1188). This action does not impose any 
burden requiring additional OMB approval. The burden for submitting a 
SNUN is estimated to average 107 hours per submission, at an estimated 
cost of $5,491. This burden estimate includes the time needed to review 
instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the 
data needed, and complete, review, and submit the required SNUN. This 
burden estimate does not include the $2,500 user fee for submission of 
a SNUN ($100 for businesses with less than $40 million in annual 
sales).
    Send any comments about the accuracy of the burden estimate, and 
any suggested methods for minimizing respondent burden, including 
through the use of automated collection techniques, to the Director, 
Collection Strategies Division, Office of Environmental Information 
(2822T), Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20460-0001. Please remember to include the OMB control 
number in any correspondence, but do not submit any completed forms to 
this address.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    Pursuant to section 605(b) of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) 
(5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), the Agency hereby certifies that promulgation 
of this SNUR would not have a significant adverse economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities. The factual basis for the 
Agency's determination is presented in the small entity impact analysis 
prepared as part of the economic analysis for this rule (Ref. 6), which 
is summarized in Unit IX., and a copy of which is available in the 
docket for this rulemaking. The following is a brief summary of the 
factual basis for this certification.
    Under the RFA, small entities include small businesses, small 
organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions. For purposes of 
assessing the impacts of today's rule on small entities, small entity 
is defined in accordance with the RFA as: (1) A small business as 
defined by the Small Business Administration's (SBA) regulations at 13 
CFR 121.201; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government 
of a city, county, town, school district, or special district with a 
population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is 
any not-for-profit enterprise which is independently owned and operated 
and is not dominant in its field.
    A SNUR applies to any person (including small or large entities) 
who intends to engage in any activity described in the rule as a 
``significant new use.'' By definition of the word ``new,'' and based 
on all information currently available to EPA, it appears that no small 
or large entities presently engage in such activity. Because a SNUR 
requires only that any person who intends to engage in such activity in 
the future first notify EPA by submitting a SNUN, no economic impact 
would even occur until someone decides to engage in those activities. 
Although some small entities may decide to conduct such activities in 
the future, EPA cannot presently determine how many, if any, there may 
be.
    However, EPA's experience to date is that, in response to the 
promulgation of over 1,000 SNURs, the Agency receives on average only 
10 SNUNs per year. Of those SNUNs submitted, none appear to be from 
small entities in response to any SNUR. In addition, the estimated 
reporting cost for submission of a SNUN (see Unit IX.), is minimal 
regardless of the size of the entity. Therefore, EPA believes that the 
potential economic impact of complying with this SNUR is not expected 
to be significant nor adversely impact a substantial number of small 
entities. In a SNUR that published on June 2, 1997 (62 FR 29684) (FRL-
5597-1), the Agency presented its general determination that proposed 
and final SNURs are not expected to have a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities, which was provided to the 
Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    Based on EPA's experience with proposing and finalizing SNURs, 
State, local, and Tribal governments have not been impacted by these 
rulemakings, and EPA does not have any reason to believe that any 
State, local, or Tribal government would be impacted by this 
rulemaking. As such, EPA has determined that this regulatory action 
would not impose any enforceable duty, contain any unfunded mandate, or 
otherwise have any affect on small governments subject to the 
requirements of sections 202, 203, 204, or 205 of the Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) (Public Law 104-4).

E. Executive Order 13132

    This action would not have a substantial direct effect on States, 
on the relationship between the national government and the States, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various 
levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132, entitled 
Federalism (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999).

F. Executive Order 13175

    This rule would not have Tribal implications because it is not 
expected to have substantial direct effects on Indian Tribes. This rule 
would not significantly or uniquely affect the communities of Indian 
Tribal governments, nor would it involve or impose any requirements 
that affect Indian Tribes. Accordingly, the requirements of Executive 
Order 13175, entitled Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal 
Governments (65 FR 67249, November 6, 2000), do not apply to this rule.

G. Executive Order 13045

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045, entitled 
Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks 
(62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because this is not an economically 
significant regulatory action as defined by Executive Order 12866, and 
this action does not address environmental health or safety risks 
disproportionately affecting children.

H. Executive Order 13211

    This rule is not subject to Executive Order 13211, entitled Actions 
Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, 
Distribution, or Use (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001), because this action 
is not expected to affect energy supply, distribution, or use.

I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

    In addition, since this action does not involve any technical 
standards, section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and 
Advancement Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Public Law 104-113, section 12(d) (15 
U.S.C. 272 note), does not apply to this action.

[[Page 57229]]

J. Executive Order 12898

    This action does not entail special considerations of environmental 
justice related issues as delineated by Executive Order 12898, entitled 
Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority 
Populations and Low-Income Populations (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).

XII. Congressional Review Act

    The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., generally 
provides that before a rule may take effect, the Agency promulgating 
the rule must submit a rule report to each House of the Congress and 
the Comptroller General of the United States. EPA will submit a report 
containing this rule and other required information to the U.S. Senate, 
the U.S. House of Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the 
United States prior to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. 
This rule is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 721

    Environmental protection, Chemicals, Hazardous substances, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.


    Dated: September 27, 2007.
Charles M. Auer,
Director, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics.

0
Therefore, 40 CFR part 721 is amended as follows:

PART 721--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 721 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2604, 2607, and 2625(c).

0
2. Section 721.9582 is amended as follows:
    a. By revising the introductory text of paragraph (a)(1).
    b. By adding Table 3 to paragraph (a)(1).
    c. By revising paragraphs (a)(2) and (a)(3).
    d. By adding paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(5).


Sec.  721.9582  Certain perfluoroalkyl sulfonates.

    (a) Chemical substances and significant new uses subject to 
reporting. (1) The chemical substances listed in Table 1, Table 2, and 
Table 3 of this section are subject to reporting under this section for 
the significant new uses described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
* * * * *

  Table 3--PFAS Chemicals Subject to Reporting on or After November 8,
                                  2007.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              CAS No.                CAS Sixteenth Collective Index Name
------------------------------------------------------------------------
335-24-0                             Cyclohexanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,2,2,3,3,4,5,5,6,6-decafluoro-4-
                                      (1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-,
                                      potassium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
335-71-7                             1-Heptanesulfonyl fluoride,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-
                                      pentadecafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
335-77-3                             1-Decanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,
                                      9,10,10,10-heneicosafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
335-97-7                             1-Pentanesulfonamide,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-undecafluoro-
                                      N-2-propen-1-yl-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
355-03-3                             Cyclohexanesulfonyl fluoride,
                                      1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-undecafluoro-
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
355-46-4                             1-Hexanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
375-81-5                             1-Pentanesulfonyl fluoride,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-undecafluoro-
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
375-92-8                             1-Heptanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-
                                      pentadecafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
423-86-9                             1-Octanesulfonamide,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-N-2-propen-1-yl-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1869-77-8                            Glycine, N-ethyl-N-
                                      [(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,
                                      8-heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]-,
                                      ethyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1893-52-3                            2-Propenoic acid, 2-
                                      [ethyl[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluorohexyl)sulfonyl]amino]
                                      ethyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2263-09-4                            1-Octanesulfonamide, N-butyl-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2706-91-4                            1-Pentanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-undecafluoro-
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2965-52-8                            1-Octanesulfonamide, N,N'-
                                      [phosphinicobis(oxy-2,1-
                                      ethanediyl)]bis[N-ethyl-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2991-50-6                            Glycine, N-ethyl-N-
                                      [(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,
                                      8-heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2991-52-8                            Glycine, N-ethyl-N-
                                      [(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,
                                      8-heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]-,
                                      ammonium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3107-18-4                            Cyclohexanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-undecafluoro-
                                      , potassium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3820-83-5                            1-Octanesulfonamide, N-ethyl-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-N-[2-
                                      (phosphonooxy)ethyl]-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3871-50-9                            Glycine, N-ethyl-N-
                                      [(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,
                                      8-heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]-,
                                      sodium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3871-99-6                            1-Hexanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluoro-, potassium salt
                                      (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3872-25-1                            1-Pentanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-undecafluoro-
                                      , potassium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
13417-01-1                           1-Octanesulfonamide, N-[3-
                                      (dimethylamino)propyl]-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 57230]]

 
21055-88-9                           Carbamic acid, N,N'-(4-methyl-1,3-
                                      phenylene)bis-, C,C'-bis[2-
                                      [ethyl[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,
                                      7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]amin
                                      o]ethyl] ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
24924-36-5                           1-Octanesulfonamide, N-ethyl-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-N-2-propen-1-yl-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
34455-03-3                           1-Hexanesulfonamide, N-ethyl-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluoro-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
37338-48-0                           Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)],
                                      .alpha.-[2-
                                      [ethyl[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,
                                      7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]amin
                                      o]ethyl]-.omega.-hydroxy-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
38850-52-1                           1-Propanaminium, 3-
                                      [(carboxymethyl)[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,
                                      5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluorohexyl)sulfonyl]amino]-
                                      N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt
------------------------------------------------------------------------
38850-60-1                           1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3-[[3-
                                      (dimethylamino)propyl][(1,1,2,2,3,
                                      3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluorohexyl)sulfonyl]amino]-
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50598-28-2                           1-Hexanesulfonamide, N-[3-
                                      (dimethylamino)propyl]-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluoro-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50598-29-3                           1-Octanesulfonamide,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-N-(phenylmethyl)-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51032-47-4                           Benzenesulfonic acid,
                                      [[[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,
                                      8,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]amin
                                      o]methyl]-, sodium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
52032-20-9                           Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-
                                      [[[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,
                                      8,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]meth
                                      ylamino]carbonyl]-.omega.-butoxy-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
52166-82-2                           1-Propanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-3-
                                      [[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluorohexyl)sulfonyl]amino]-
                                      , chloride (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
52550-45-5                           Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-
                                      [2-
                                      [[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8
                                      ,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]prop
                                      ylamino]ethyl]-.omega.-hydroxy-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55910-10-6                           Glycine, N-
                                      [(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,
                                      8-heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]-N-
                                      propyl-, potassium salt (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56372-23-7                           Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-
                                      [2-
                                      [ethyl[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluorohexyl)sulfonyl]amino]
                                      ethyl]-.omega.-hydroxy-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
56773-42-3                           Ethanaminium, N,N,N-triethyl-,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-
                                      heptadecafluoro-1-octanesulfonate
                                      (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
58920-31-3                           2-Propenoic acid, 4-
                                      [[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8
                                      ,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]meth
                                      ylamino]butyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
59071-10-2                           2-Propenoic acid, 2-
                                      [ethyl[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,
                                      7,7-
                                      pentadecafluoroheptyl)sulfonyl]ami
                                      no]ethyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60270-55-5                           1-Heptanesulfonic acid,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-
                                      pentadecafluoro-, potassium salt
                                      (1:1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
61577-14-8                           2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 4-
                                      [[(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8
                                      ,8-
                                      heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]meth
                                      ylamino]butyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
66008-68-2                           2-Propenoic acid, 2-
                                      [[(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9
                                      ,10,10,11,11,11-
                                      eicosafluoroundecyl)sulfonyl]methy
                                      lamino]ethyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
66008-69-3                           2-Propenoic acid, 2-
                                      [[(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9
                                      ,9-
                                      heptadecafluorononyl)sulfonyl]meth
                                      ylamino]ethyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
66008-70-6                           2-Propenoic acid, 2-
                                      [methyl[(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-
                                      tridecafluoroheptyl)sulfonyl]amino
                                      ]ethyl ester
------------------------------------------------------------------------
67584-48-9                           1-Hexanesulfonamide,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-
                                      tridecafluoro-N-2-propen-1-yl-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
67584-49-0                           1-Heptanesulfonamide,
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-
                                      pentadecafluoro-N-2-propen-1-yl-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
67584-50-3                           1-Heptanesulfonamide, N-ethyl-
                                      1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-
                                      pentadecafluoro-N-[3-
                                      (trichlorosilyl)propy