Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 90-Day Finding on a Petition To List Kenk's Amphipod, Virginia Well Amphipod, and the Copepod Acanthocyclops columbiensis as Endangered, 51766-51770 [E7-17716]
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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 175 / Tuesday, September 11, 2007 / Proposed Rules
Flooding source(s)
* Elevation in feet (NGVD)
+ Elevation in feet (NAVD)
# Depth in feet above
ground
Location of referenced elevation
Effective
Communities affected
Modified
ADDRESSES
Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
Maps are available for inspection at Ginger Lynn Welch Complex, 810 Aquona Road, Cherokee, North Carolina.
Send comments to Mr. Michell Hicks, Principal Chief for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, P.O. Box 455, Cherokee, North Carolina 28719.
Graham County
Maps are available for inspection at Graham County Mapping Department, 12 North Main Street, Robbinsville, North Carolina.
Send comments to Mrs. Sandra Smith, Graham County Manager, 12 North Main Street, Robbinsville, North Carolina 28771.
Town of Lake Santeetlah
Maps are available for inspection at Lake Santeetlah Town Hall, 4 Marina Drive, Lake Santeetlah, North Carolina.
Send comments to The Honorable Harding Hohenschutz, Mayor of the Town of Lake Santeetlah, 4 Marina Drive, Lake Santeetlah, North Carolina 28771.
Town of Robbinsville
Maps are available for inspection at Robbinsville Town Hall, 4 Court Street, Robbinsville, North Carolina.
Send comments to The Honorable Bobby Cagle, Jr., Mayor of the Town of Robbinsville, P.O. Box 129, Robbinsville, North Carolina 28771.
Moody County, South Dakota, and Incorporated Areas
Big Sioux River .....................
Just upstream of County Highway 32 2500 feet upstream of First Avenue.
None
None
+1532
+1543
Unincorporated Areas of
Moody County, City of
Flandreau.
* National Geodetic Vertical Datum.
# Depth in feet above ground.
+ North American Vertical Datum.
ADDRESSES
City of Flandreau
Maps are available for inspection at 1005 W. Elm Avenue, Planning and Zoning Department, Flandreau, SD 57028.
Send comments to The Honorable Warren Ludeman, Mayor, City of Flandreau, 1005 W. Elm Avenue, PO Box 343, Flandreau, SD 57028.
Unincorporated Areas of Moody County
Maps are available for inspection at 101 E. Pipestone Avenue, Suite E, Flandreau, SD 57028.
Send comments to Ms. Brenda Duncan, Planning and Zoning Secretary, 101 E. Pipestone Avenue, Suite E, Flandreau, SD 57028.
(Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance No.
97.022, ‘‘Flood Insurance.’’)
Dated: August 31, 2007.
David I. Maurstad,
Federal Insurance Administrator of the
National Flood Insurance Program,
Department of Homeland Security, Federal
Emergency Management Agency.
[FR Doc. E7–17821 Filed 9–10–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 9110–12–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
yshivers on PROD1PC62 with PROPOSALS
50 CFR Part 17
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife
and Plants; 90-Day Finding on a
Petition To List Kenk’s Amphipod,
Virginia Well Amphipod, and the
Copepod Acanthocyclops
columbiensis as Endangered
Fish and Wildlife Service,
Interior.
ACTION: Notice of 90-day petition
finding.
AGENCY:
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SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service), announce a
90-day finding on a petition to list the
Kenk’s amphipod (Stygobromus kenki),
the Virginia well amphipod
(Stygobromus phreaticus), and the
copepod Acanthocyclops columbiensis
as endangered under the Endangered
Species Act of 1973, as amended. We
find the petition does not provide
substantial scientific or commercial
information indicating that listing of
these three crustaceans may be
warranted. Therefore, we will not
initiate a further status review in
response to this petition. We ask the
public to submit to us any new
information that becomes available
concerning the status of these species,
or threats to them or their habitat, at any
time. This information will help us
monitor and encourage the conservation
of these species.
The finding announced in this
document was made on September 11,
2007.
DATES:
The supporting file for this
finding is available for public
inspection, by appointment, during
ADDRESSES:
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normal business hours at the
Chesapeake Bay Field Office, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, 177 Admiral
Cochrane Drive, Annapolis, MD 21401.
New information, materials, comments,
or questions concerning this species
may be submitted to us at any time at
the above address.
John
Wolflin, Field Supervisor, Chesapeake
Bay Field Office (see ADDRESSES)
(telephone 410–573–4574; facsimile
410–269–0832). People who use a
telecommunications device for the deaf
(TDD) may call the Federal Information
Relay Service (FIRS) at 800–877–8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Background
Section 4(b)(3)(A) of the Endangered
Species Act, as amended (Act) (16
U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), requires that the
Service make a finding on whether a
petition to list, delist, or reclassify a
species presents substantial scientific or
commercial information indicating that
the petitioned action may be warranted.
We base this finding on information
provided in the petition, supporting
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information submitted with the petition
(and determined to be reliable after
review), and information available in
our files or otherwise available to us at
the time we make the determination. To
the maximum extent practicable, we are
to make this finding within 90 days of
our receipt of the petition and promptly
publish our notice of the finding in the
Federal Register.
Our standard for substantial scientific
or commercial information within the
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) with
regard to a 90-day petition finding is
‘‘that amount of information that would
lead a reasonable person to believe that
the measure proposed in the petition
may be warranted’’ (50 CFR 424.14(b)).
If we find that substantial scientific or
commercial information was presented,
we are required to promptly commence
a status review of the species.
In making this finding, we relied on
information provided by Dr. Richard
Mitchell and Mr. Rob Gordon (herein
referred to as ‘‘the petitioners’’) in the
initial petition and petition supplement
that we determined to be reliable after
reviewing sources referenced in the
petition, and information otherwise
available in our files at the time of the
petition review. We evaluated this
information in accordance with 50 CFR
424.14(b). Our process of making a 90day finding under section 4(b)(3)(A) of
the Act and § 424.14(b) of our
regulations is limited to a determination
of whether the information in the
petition meets the ‘‘substantial
[scientific or commercial] information’’
threshold. The substantiality test is
applied only to the reliable information
supporting the petition.
On March 27, 2001, we received a
petition dated March 20, 2001, from Dr.
Richard Mitchell to list as endangered:
Kenk’s amphipod (Stygobromus kenki);
Virginia well amphipod (Stygobromus
phreaticus); and a copepod with no
common name (Acanthocyclops
columbiensis), which we refer to by its
scientific name in this document. In this
document, we will collectively refer to
these three crustaceans as the three
invertebrates. The Service received a
supplement to this petition dated June
26, 2001, from Mr. Rob Gordon of the
National Wilderness Institute.
Action on the petition and
supplement was precluded by court
orders and settlement agreements for
other listing actions that required nearly
all of our listing funds for fiscal year
2001. However, the Service did evaluate
the need for emergency listing based on
the information provided in the initial
petition and the supplement and
determined that the threats described
did not constitute immediate threats of
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a magnitude that would justify
emergency listing. The Service sent
letters to Dr. Mitchell on April 17 and
June 14, 2001, and to Mr. Gordon on
August 1, 2001, explaining this
determination.
Species Information
Amphipods of the genus Stygobromus
occur in groundwater or groundwaterrelated habitats (for example, caves,
seeps, small springs, wells, interstices,
and rarely deep lakes). They are small
crustaceans modified for survival in
these subterranean habitats; they are
generally eyeless and unpigmented
(Holsinger 1978, pp. 1–2). Members of
this genus occur only in fresh water and
belong to the family Crangonyctidae, the
largest family of freshwater amphipods
in North America. Both Kenk’s
amphipod and Virginia well amphipod
were described by Dr. John R. Holsinger
(Holsinger 1978, pp. 39–42, 98–101) and
occur in seeps and springs. The Kenk’s
amphipod was historically reported
(tentative identification) from a well in
northern Virginia, and the Virginia well
amphipod was reported historically
from two wells in northern Virginia.
The specific name phreaticus indicates
that this species is most likely to be
found in deeper groundwater habitats.
Both species can be found in dead
leaves or fine sediment submerged in
the waters of their spring-seep outflows
(Holsinger 1978, p. 130). The two sites
mentioned in the petitions and the
additional four known sites for Kenk’s
amphipod are seeps in the Rock Creek
drainage in Washington, DC, and
Montgomery County, MD (Feller 2005,
p. 11). The only known extant site for
Virginia well amphipod is a seep in a
ravine on Fort Belvoir, a U.S. Army
installation in Fairfax County, VA.
Acanthocyclops columbiensis is a
crustacean of the subclass Copepoda.
Copepods are generally microscopic
and, as a group, are widely distributed
in a variety of freshwater and marine
habitats. A. columbiensis was described
by Dr. Janet W. Reid (Reid 1990, pp.
175–180). The species has been found in
acidic pools below seeps or springs at
two locations in Prince Georges County,
MD: a spring at Oxon Hill Farm Park
and a seep at Fort Stanton Park. Both
parks are administered by the National
Park Service (NPS). No status survey has
been conducted for the species, and it
is likely that it will be found at
additional locations, as were related
species in brackish wetlands (Reid 2001;
Palmer 2001).
To our knowledge, the taxonomy of
the three invertebrates has never been
challenged, indicating that they are
valid species.
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Threats Analysis
Section 4 of the Act and its
implementing regulations (50 CFR Part
424) set forth the procedures for adding
species to the Federal Lists of
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife
and Plants. A species may be
determined to be an endangered or
threatened species due to one or more
of the five factors described in section
4(a)(1) of the Act: (A) Present or
threatened destruction, modification, or
curtailment of habitat or range; (B)
overutilization for commercial,
recreational, scientific, or educational
purposes; (C) disease or predation; (D)
inadequacy of existing regulatory
mechanisms; or (E) other natural or
manmade factors affecting its continued
existence. In making this finding, we
evaluated whether threats to the three
invertebrates presented in the petition
and identified in other information
available to us may pose a concern with
respect to the species’ survival. Our
evaluation of these threats is presented
below. In the discussion below, we have
placed the threats listed in the petition
under the most appropriate listing
factor.
A. Present or Threatened Destruction,
Modification, or Curtailment of the
Species’ Habitat or Range
General
The petitioners state that rapid
commercial and residential
development over the last 20 years in
the metropolitan Washington, DC, area
has destroyed numerous seeps, springs,
and bogs associated with the Coastal
Plain and Piedmont elements of the
Upper Potomac River and its tributaries.
Associated with this development are
runoff and pollution that further
degrade the habitat of these unique
endemic invertebrates. The petitioners
assert that the groundwater table has
lowered drastically and wells, springs,
and seeps have dried in the last 100
years. The petitioners claim that,
currently, little habitat remains for the
three invertebrates except in heavily
used parks and on military reservations.
The petitioners assert that given their
limited distribution and highly
restricted habitats, the three
invertebrates could be driven to
extinction by relatively small human
disturbances such as a single
construction project.
Kenk’s Amphipod
The petition supplement states that S.
kenki is currently known from only two
sites (East Spring and Sherrill Drive
Spring) in Rock Creek Park
(administered by NPS), and it indicates
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that a species existing in a park is not,
of itself, adequate protection. The
petitioners state that a
macroinvertebrate survey of Rock Creek
(no citation provided, but identified by
the Service as Feller 1997) described
both sites as highly threatened and
believed the existence of S. kenki is
equally as tenuous to S. hayi, a listed
species that occurs within the park
boundary. The petitioners also state that
according to the NPS (no citation
provided):
Long-term threats exist within and outside
the borders of Rock Creek Park. The East
Spring site could be threatened by additional
development of the recreation area located
up slope. The Sherrill Drive Spring site could
be threatened by any changes in open space
at Walter Reed Hospital or surrounding
homes. An example is the plan Walter Reed
Hospital has for building an additional
Research facility on its grounds.
The petitioners assert that rebuilding
the stormwater infrastructure of the city
by the District of Columbia threatens the
species (Twomey 2001).
The petitioners state that unusually
high flood levels from Rock Creek reach
the level of the spring habitat of Kenk’s
amphipod, and this spring habitat has
been flooded with increasing frequency
in recent years. They indicate that flood
waters may adversely affect spring
habitat by washing away leaf litter and
fine sediments, which form the
microhabitat utilized by S. kenki.
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Virginia Well Amphipod
The petitioners state that S.
phreaticus is known from only one
current location and that until its
rediscovery at Fort Belvoir, there was
concern that it was extinct (no citation
provided). The petitioners cite
Terwilliger (1991, p. 185) to support
their claim that it is unlikely that the
species exists elsewhere. This claim is
further supported in the petition by
Holsinger (1978) who hypothesizes that
the very distinctive morphological
structure of the Virginia well amphipod
makes it unlikely to be overlooked in
other collections.
The petitioners state that there are an
increasing number of activities at Fort
Belvoir that could affect S. phreaticus.
In the Fort, in addition to constant
activity such as military exercises and
training, there is the prospect of greatly
increased building activities, including
creation of the Army Museum with its
attendant construction activities and
increased visitation. The petitioners also
state that planning is underway for
additional bridges crossing the Potomac
River near Washington and conclude
that the cumulative result of these
ongoing and increasing activities for S.
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phreaticus will be imminent extinction
in the absence of the Act’s protection.
Acanthocyclops columbiensis
The petitioners state that A.
columbiensis, unless protected, could
likewise be extirpated at any moment.
They indicate that it is known from only
two locations, Fort Stanton and Oxon
Hill Parks. They further assert that A.
columbiensis’ occurrence in a National
Park affords it little specific protection.
Rob Gordon (author of the petition
supplement) has not seen the Fort
Stanton site but indicates that at Oxon
Hill, where it is found in a small, bricklined spring, A. columbiensis is
vulnerable to extirpation. Gordon cites
impacts from humans (such as, litter
and discarded harmful substances) and
a current major Federal construction
project (Wilson Bridge), which includes
a 12-lane, two-span drawbridge and
expansive network of approaches, as
threats to this species. He asserts that
the highway project alone could
massively alter the hydrologic regime,
altering ground water recharge and
introducing pollution from the project
area.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
The citations provided in the petition
do not support the petitioner’s claims
for any of the three species.
Furthermore, the assertion that the three
invertebrates could be driven to
extinction by a single construction
project is not plausible for Kenk’s
amphipod, which occurs at six different
sites (Feller 2005, p. 11), or for A.
columbiensis, which is known from two
different sites and may occur in many
more areas (Reid 2001). It is more
plausible for Virginia well amphipod,
which, at present, is only known from
a single site on Fort Belvoir. However,
the petition provides no information
about, nor are we aware of, any projects
planned within the recharge area for
this species as delineated by the
hydrogeologic study funded by Fort
Belvoir (MACTEC 2003, p. 19).
Kenk’s amphipod is known from six
sites, not two as the petitioner asserts.
Four of the sites are within Rock Creek
Park in the District of Columbia, and
two are in Montgomery County, MD:
one in a county park and one on private
property (Feller 2005, p. 11). The
macroinvertebrate study (Feller 1997,
pp. 8, 24–25, 37) that was referenced in
the petition supplement does support
the petitioners’ claim that the East
Spring and Sherill Drive Spring sites are
highly threatened; however, the petition
does not refer to any of the other four
sites supporting the species. Although
the information attributed to NPS
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regarding the threats to East Spring and
Sherrill Drive Spring appears plausible,
no specific source is cited by the
petitioners, and this information relates
to only two of the six known sites. The
planned stormwater infrastructure
project in the District of Columbia
mentioned by the petitioners is unlikely
to have an effect on this species, as it
only affects a section of the Rock Creek
drainage well downstream of all Kenk’s
amphipod sites (Yeaman 2001). The
petitioners provide no citation to
support their statement that there is an
increasing level and frequency of
flooding in Rock Creek and that this
increased flooding is affecting Kenk’s
amphipod.
As stated by the petitioners, Virginia
well amphipod is currently known to be
extant at only a single location (Chazal
and Hobson 2003, p. iii). The petition
correctly states that there is an
increasing number of activities
occurring on Fort Belvoir, but presents
no evidence that the referenced
activities will affect the recharge area, as
delineated by MACTEC (2003, p. 19), for
the seep supporting this species. The
one activity described in detail in the
petition, the construction of the Army
Museum, will occur near Route 1,
approximately 2 miles (3.2 kilometers)
from the seep and its recharge area
(Keough 2001), making this activity
unlikely to affect this species. Although
the petitioners state that planning is
underway for additional Potomac River
bridges near Washington, DC, they
provide no supporting information for
this claim, and the Service is not aware
of any planning currently underway
(Zepp 2006).
As stated in the petition supplement,
Acanthocyclops columbiensis is
currently known to be extant at only
two locations, Fort Stanton Park and
Oxon Hill Farm Park, both in Prince
Georges County, MD. The petitioners
provided information concerning threats
at the Oxon Hill site only; no
information is provided for the Fort
Stanton Park site. Their evidence
concerning the threat of pollution of the
Oxon Hill spring from public littering is
speculative and not supported by any
independent sources. The potential for
impacts to this copepod from upgrades
to the Washington (DC) Beltway and the
construction of a new access road to
Oxon Hill Farm Park (which are part of
the Wilson Bridge Project) appears
plausible, given the potential impact
area for the project shown in the
Environmental Impact Statement for the
Wilson Bridge (Federal Highway
Administration 2000, Figure 3–13).
However, construction of these features
is now complete, and we are aware of
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no evidence that spring flows have been
affected.
Based on the information in the
petition and information readily
available to us, we conclude that
present or threatened destruction,
modification, or curtailment of habitats
or ranges has not affected the status of
the three invertebrates to the extent that
listing under the Act as a threatened or
endangered species may be warranted.
B. Overutilization for Commercial,
Recreational, Scientific, or Educational
Purposes
The petitioners assert that even
moderate collection of the three species
for scientific or educational purposes
would pose a threat to these species due
to their rarity and limited occurrence in
small locales.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
The petitioners provide no
documentation that collecting for
scientific or educational purposes is a
threat, nor are we aware of any such
information. Collections involved very
low numbers of the three invertebrates,
and effects on their populations are
unlikely. Therefore, we find that the
petition does not contain substantial
scientific or commercial information
concerning collecting for scientific or
educational purposes to indicate that
listing of the three invertebrates may be
warranted.
C. Disease and Predation
The petitioners speculate that it is
reasonable to assume that the three
invertebrates could possibly be prey for
large aquatic insects and their
predacious larvae.
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Evaluation of Information in the Petition
The petitioners provide no
documentation that such predators are
present in the spring-seep habitats of the
three invertebrates or that their
predation constitutes a threat.
Therefore, we find that the petition does
not present substantial scientific or
commercial information concerning that
disease or predation to indicate that
listing of the three invertebrates may be
warranted.
D. Inadequacy of Existing Regulatory
Mechanisms
The petitioners indicate that Kenk’s
amphipod receives some protection
from NPS, which administers Rock
Creek Park, but that such protection was
not considered adequate for the
federally listed Hay’s Spring amphipod
(Stygobromus hayi), which also occurs
there. In support of the latter statement,
the petitioners cite the rule listing the
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Hay’s Spring amphipod (47 FR 5425,
February 5, 1982).
The petitioners also assert that
manmade or small natural events could
destroy the only known habitat for
Virginia well amphipod at Fort Belvoir
and the Fort Stanton and Oxon Hill
Farm habitats for A. columbiensis.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
We also note that Hay’s Spring
amphipod was not known to occur on
NPS lands (its only occurrence was on
the adjacent National Zoological Park),
so the protections (or lack thereof) that
now apply to Rock Creek Park were not
a consideration in the listing decision
(47 FR 5425, February 5, 1982).
Therefore, we find that the petition
does not present substantial scientific or
commercial information concerning the
inadequacy of existing regulatory
mechanisms to indicate that listing of
the three invertebrates may be
warranted.
E. Other Natural or Manmade Factors
Affecting Its Continued Existence
The petitioners indicate that ‘‘any
activities affecting the Upper Potomac
and its tributaries, especially the ground
water level and its characteristics could
be detrimental to the survival of these
three invertebrates.’’ The petitioners
also assert that manmade or small
natural events could destroy the only
known habitat for the Virginia well
amphipod at Fort Belvoir and Fort
Stanton and Oxon Hill Farm habitats for
A. columbiensis
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
Activities in the Upper Potomac and
its tributaries have previously been
covered under Factor A. Except for the
proposed Army Museum, discussed
under Factor A, the petitioners have
provided no documentation of specific
threats at Fort Belvoir. Specific
manmade or natural events potentially
affecting A. columbiensis were
discussed under Factors A and D.
No additional information or
documentation is provided on this point
by the petitioners. Therefore, we find
that the petition does not present
substantial scientific or commercial
information concerning other natural or
manmade factors, to indicate that listing
of the three invertebrates may be
warranted.
Significant Portion of the Range
Under section 4(b)(1) of the Act, we
are required to make a finding as to
whether the petition presents
substantial information ‘‘that the
petitioned action may be warranted’’
(emphasis added). The petition asserts
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that the three invertebrates (Kenk’s
amphipod, Virginia well amphipod, and
Acanthocyclops columbiensis) require
listing throughout their current,
respective ranges; the petitioned action
was to list each of the invertebrates
throughout all of its range. As discussed
above, we have determined that the
petition did not present substantial
information that the petitioned action
may be warranted. Although we have no
obligation under section 4(b)(1) to
address the separate question of
whether any of the three invertebrates is
threatened or endangered in a
significant portion of its range, we note
that nothing in the petition or our files
lead us to the conclusion that we should
at this time, undertake a candidate
assessment of any of the three
invertebrates to determine whether it is
threatened or endangered in a
significant portion of its range. If the
Service obtains sufficient information in
the future that suggests that any of the
three invertebrates may warrant listing
due to threats in all or a significant
portion of its range, we will initiate a
candidate assessment, subject to
availability of resources, and if
appropriate, add the species to the
candidate list or propose its listing
where threatened or endangered.
Finding
We reviewed the petition, the petition
supplement, and supporting
information provided with these
documents and evaluated that
information in relation to other
pertinent literature and information
available in our files at the time of
petition review. After this review and
evaluation, we find the petition does not
present substantial scientific or
commercial information to demonstrate
that listing of Kenk’s amphipod,
Virginia well amphipod, or the copepod
Acanthocyclops columbiensis may be
warranted at this time, nor do we have
other information available to us that
indicates that a listing proposal may be
warranted. We encourage interested
parties to continue to gather data that
will assist with the conservation of
these species. Information regarding the
three invertebrates may be submitted to
the Field Supervisor, Chesapeake Bay
Field Office (see ADDRESSES), at any
time.
References Cited
A complete list of all references cited
herein is available upon request from
the Chesapeake Bay Field Office (see
ADDRESSES).
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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 175 / Tuesday, September 11, 2007 / Proposed Rules
Author
Draft EA
The primary author of this document
is the Chesapeake Bay Field Office,
Annapolis, MD.
You may obtain a copy of the draft EA
by writing us at: U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Western Gray Wolf Recovery
Coordinator, 585 Shepard Way, Helena,
MT 59601 or by visiting our Web site at:
https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/
species/mammals/wolf/. If you wish to
comment on the draft EA, you may
submit comments and materials,
identified by ‘‘RIN 1018–AV39,’’ by any
of the following methods:
1. You may mail or hand-deliver
comments to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Western Gray Wolf Recovery
Coordinator, 585 Shepard Way, Helena,
MT 59601.
2. You may send comments by
electronic mail (e-mail) directly to the
Service at EA-WolfRuleChange@fws.gov.
Include ‘‘RIN 1018–AV39’’ in the
subject line of the message.
Authority
The authority for this action is section
4 of the Endangered Species Act of
1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et
seq.).
Dated: August 31, 2007.
Kenneth Stansell,
Acting Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
[FR Doc. E7–17716 Filed 9–10–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310–55–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 17
Proposal To Revise 10(j) Special Rule
RIN 1018–AV39
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife
and Plants; Proposed Revision of
Special Regulation for the Central
Idaho and Yellowstone Area
Nonessential Experimental
Populations of Gray Wolves in the
Northern Rocky Mountains
Fish and Wildlife Service,
Interior.
ACTION: Notice of availability of draft
environmental assessment; reopening of
comment period on proposed revision.
AGENCY:
yshivers on PROD1PC62 with PROPOSALS
SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service) have prepared
a draft environmental assessment (EA)
of our proposal to revise the 2005
special rule for the central Idaho and
Yellowstone area nonessential
experimental populations of the gray
wolf (Canis lupus) in the northern
Rocky Mountains.
The Service is reopening the comment
period for the proposed revisions to the
2005 special rule to allow all interested
parties to comment simultaneously on
the proposed revisions and the draft EA.
If you have previously submitted
comments on the proposed revisions,
you do not need to resubmit them
because those comments have been
incorporated into the public record and
will be fully considered in our final
decision.
We will accept public comments
on the draft EA and the proposal to
revise the special regulation through
October 11, 2007. Comments received
after the closing date will not be
considered in our final decision.
ADDRESSES:
DATES:
VerDate Aug<31>2005
15:47 Sep 10, 2007
Jkt 211001
You may also obtain a copy of the
proposal to revise the 2005 special
regulation by writing us at: U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Western Gray
Wolf Recovery Coordinator, 585
Shepard Way, Helena, MT 59601 or by
visiting our Web site at: https://
www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/
mammals/wolf/ or https://www.fws.gov/
mountain-prairie/species/mammals/
wolf/72FR36942.pdf. If you wish to
comment on the proposal to revise the
special regulation, you may submit
comments and materials, identified by
‘‘RIN 1018–AV39,’’ by any of the
following methods:
1. You may mail or hand deliver
written comments to the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Western Gray Wolf
Recovery Coordinator, 585 Shepard
Way, Helena, MT 59601.
2. You may send comments by
electronic mail (e-mail) directly to the
Service at WolfRuleChange@fws.gov.
Include ‘‘RIN 1018–AV39’’ in the
subject line of the message.
3. You may submit your comments
through the Federal e-Rulemaking
Portal—https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting
comments.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Edward E. Bangs, Western Gray Wolf
Recovery Coordinator, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, at our Helena office
(see ADDRESSES) or telephone (406) 449–
5225, extension 204. Persons who use a
Telecommunications Device for the Deaf
may call the Federal Information Relay
Service at (800) 877–8339, 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
PO 00000
Frm 00052
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
Public Comments Solicited
We intend that any final action
resulting from the proposal to revise the
2005 special rule (see 72 FR 36942, July
6, 2007) for the central Idaho and
Yellowstone area populations of gray
wolves in the northern Rocky
Mountains will be as accurate and as
effective as possible. Therefore, we are
requesting data, comments, new
information, or suggestions from the
public, other concerned governmental
agencies, Tribes, the scientific
community, industry, or any other
interested party concerning the draft EA
and proposed rule. We particularly seek
comments concerning (1) our draft EA
as it analyzes effects of the proposed
rule; (2) our proposed modifications to
the 2005 experimental population rule
to allow private citizens in States with
approved post-delisting wolf
management plans to take wolves in the
act of attacking their stock animals or
dogs; and (3) our proposal to establish
a reasonable process for States and
Tribes with approved post-delisting
wolf management plans to allow
removal of wolves that are scientifically
demonstrated to be impacting ungulate
populations to the degree that they are
not meeting respective State and Tribal
management goals.
We specifically ask for comments
regarding whether our draft EA
accurately analyzes impacts and
alternatives. We are also specifically
requesting comments addressing
whether the proposed rule
modifications would: (1) Reasonably
address conflicts between wolves and
domestic animals or wild ungulate
populations; (2) provide sufficient
safeguards to prevent misuse of the
modified rule; (3) provide an
appropriate and transparent public
process that ensures decisions are
science-based; and (4) provide adequate
guarantees that wolf recovery will not
be compromised.
The draft EA has been prepared under
the requirements of the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as
amended (NEPA). The purpose of the
EA is to analyze potential effects to
physical and biological resources and
social and economic conditions that
may result from revisions to the special
regulation for the management of gray
wolves introduced as nonessential
experimental populations in the
northern Rocky Mountains.
Furthermore, the EA serves to assist in
deciding whether the proposed action
has a significant impact on the human
environment. If we determine that the
proposed action results in a significant
impact, we will prepare an
E:\FR\FM\11SEP1.SGM
11SEP1
]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 175 (Tuesday, September 11, 2007)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 51766-51770]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-17716]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 17
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 90-Day Finding on
a Petition To List Kenk's Amphipod, Virginia Well Amphipod, and the
Copepod Acanthocyclops columbiensis as Endangered
AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice of 90-day petition finding.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), announce a
90-day finding on a petition to list the Kenk's amphipod (Stygobromus
kenki), the Virginia well amphipod (Stygobromus phreaticus), and the
copepod Acanthocyclops columbiensis as endangered under the Endangered
Species Act of 1973, as amended. We find the petition does not provide
substantial scientific or commercial information indicating that
listing of these three crustaceans may be warranted. Therefore, we will
not initiate a further status review in response to this petition. We
ask the public to submit to us any new information that becomes
available concerning the status of these species, or threats to them or
their habitat, at any time. This information will help us monitor and
encourage the conservation of these species.
DATES: The finding announced in this document was made on September 11,
2007.
ADDRESSES: The supporting file for this finding is available for public
inspection, by appointment, during normal business hours at the
Chesapeake Bay Field Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 177
Admiral Cochrane Drive, Annapolis, MD 21401. New information,
materials, comments, or questions concerning this species may be
submitted to us at any time at the above address.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John Wolflin, Field Supervisor,
Chesapeake Bay Field Office (see ADDRESSES) (telephone 410-573-4574;
facsimile 410-269-0832). People who use a telecommunications device for
the deaf (TDD) may call the Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) at
800-877-8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
Section 4(b)(3)(A) of the Endangered Species Act, as amended (Act)
(16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), requires that the Service make a finding on
whether a petition to list, delist, or reclassify a species presents
substantial scientific or commercial information indicating that the
petitioned action may be warranted. We base this finding on information
provided in the petition, supporting
[[Page 51767]]
information submitted with the petition (and determined to be reliable
after review), and information available in our files or otherwise
available to us at the time we make the determination. To the maximum
extent practicable, we are to make this finding within 90 days of our
receipt of the petition and promptly publish our notice of the finding
in the Federal Register.
Our standard for substantial scientific or commercial information
within the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) with regard to a 90-day
petition finding is ``that amount of information that would lead a
reasonable person to believe that the measure proposed in the petition
may be warranted'' (50 CFR 424.14(b)). If we find that substantial
scientific or commercial information was presented, we are required to
promptly commence a status review of the species.
In making this finding, we relied on information provided by Dr.
Richard Mitchell and Mr. Rob Gordon (herein referred to as ``the
petitioners'') in the initial petition and petition supplement that we
determined to be reliable after reviewing sources referenced in the
petition, and information otherwise available in our files at the time
of the petition review. We evaluated this information in accordance
with 50 CFR 424.14(b). Our process of making a 90-day finding under
section 4(b)(3)(A) of the Act and Sec. 424.14(b) of our regulations is
limited to a determination of whether the information in the petition
meets the ``substantial [scientific or commercial] information''
threshold. The substantiality test is applied only to the reliable
information supporting the petition.
On March 27, 2001, we received a petition dated March 20, 2001,
from Dr. Richard Mitchell to list as endangered: Kenk's amphipod
(Stygobromus kenki); Virginia well amphipod (Stygobromus phreaticus);
and a copepod with no common name (Acanthocyclops columbiensis), which
we refer to by its scientific name in this document. In this document,
we will collectively refer to these three crustaceans as the three
invertebrates. The Service received a supplement to this petition dated
June 26, 2001, from Mr. Rob Gordon of the National Wilderness
Institute.
Action on the petition and supplement was precluded by court orders
and settlement agreements for other listing actions that required
nearly all of our listing funds for fiscal year 2001. However, the
Service did evaluate the need for emergency listing based on the
information provided in the initial petition and the supplement and
determined that the threats described did not constitute immediate
threats of a magnitude that would justify emergency listing. The
Service sent letters to Dr. Mitchell on April 17 and June 14, 2001, and
to Mr. Gordon on August 1, 2001, explaining this determination.
Species Information
Amphipods of the genus Stygobromus occur in groundwater or
groundwater-related habitats (for example, caves, seeps, small springs,
wells, interstices, and rarely deep lakes). They are small crustaceans
modified for survival in these subterranean habitats; they are
generally eyeless and unpigmented (Holsinger 1978, pp. 1-2). Members of
this genus occur only in fresh water and belong to the family
Crangonyctidae, the largest family of freshwater amphipods in North
America. Both Kenk's amphipod and Virginia well amphipod were described
by Dr. John R. Holsinger (Holsinger 1978, pp. 39-42, 98-101) and occur
in seeps and springs. The Kenk's amphipod was historically reported
(tentative identification) from a well in northern Virginia, and the
Virginia well amphipod was reported historically from two wells in
northern Virginia. The specific name phreaticus indicates that this
species is most likely to be found in deeper groundwater habitats. Both
species can be found in dead leaves or fine sediment submerged in the
waters of their spring-seep outflows (Holsinger 1978, p. 130). The two
sites mentioned in the petitions and the additional four known sites
for Kenk's amphipod are seeps in the Rock Creek drainage in Washington,
DC, and Montgomery County, MD (Feller 2005, p. 11). The only known
extant site for Virginia well amphipod is a seep in a ravine on Fort
Belvoir, a U.S. Army installation in Fairfax County, VA.
Acanthocyclops columbiensis is a crustacean of the subclass
Copepoda. Copepods are generally microscopic and, as a group, are
widely distributed in a variety of freshwater and marine habitats. A.
columbiensis was described by Dr. Janet W. Reid (Reid 1990, pp. 175-
180). The species has been found in acidic pools below seeps or springs
at two locations in Prince Georges County, MD: a spring at Oxon Hill
Farm Park and a seep at Fort Stanton Park. Both parks are administered
by the National Park Service (NPS). No status survey has been conducted
for the species, and it is likely that it will be found at additional
locations, as were related species in brackish wetlands (Reid 2001;
Palmer 2001).
To our knowledge, the taxonomy of the three invertebrates has never
been challenged, indicating that they are valid species.
Threats Analysis
Section 4 of the Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR Part
424) set forth the procedures for adding species to the Federal Lists
of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants. A species may be
determined to be an endangered or threatened species due to one or more
of the five factors described in section 4(a)(1) of the Act: (A)
Present or threatened destruction, modification, or curtailment of
habitat or range; (B) overutilization for commercial, recreational,
scientific, or educational purposes; (C) disease or predation; (D)
inadequacy of existing regulatory mechanisms; or (E) other natural or
manmade factors affecting its continued existence. In making this
finding, we evaluated whether threats to the three invertebrates
presented in the petition and identified in other information available
to us may pose a concern with respect to the species' survival. Our
evaluation of these threats is presented below. In the discussion
below, we have placed the threats listed in the petition under the most
appropriate listing factor.
A. Present or Threatened Destruction, Modification, or Curtailment of
the Species' Habitat or Range
General
The petitioners state that rapid commercial and residential
development over the last 20 years in the metropolitan Washington, DC,
area has destroyed numerous seeps, springs, and bogs associated with
the Coastal Plain and Piedmont elements of the Upper Potomac River and
its tributaries. Associated with this development are runoff and
pollution that further degrade the habitat of these unique endemic
invertebrates. The petitioners assert that the groundwater table has
lowered drastically and wells, springs, and seeps have dried in the
last 100 years. The petitioners claim that, currently, little habitat
remains for the three invertebrates except in heavily used parks and on
military reservations. The petitioners assert that given their limited
distribution and highly restricted habitats, the three invertebrates
could be driven to extinction by relatively small human disturbances
such as a single construction project.
Kenk's Amphipod
The petition supplement states that S. kenki is currently known
from only two sites (East Spring and Sherrill Drive Spring) in Rock
Creek Park (administered by NPS), and it indicates
[[Page 51768]]
that a species existing in a park is not, of itself, adequate
protection. The petitioners state that a macroinvertebrate survey of
Rock Creek (no citation provided, but identified by the Service as
Feller 1997) described both sites as highly threatened and believed the
existence of S. kenki is equally as tenuous to S. hayi, a listed
species that occurs within the park boundary. The petitioners also
state that according to the NPS (no citation provided):
Long-term threats exist within and outside the borders of Rock
Creek Park. The East Spring site could be threatened by additional
development of the recreation area located up slope. The Sherrill
Drive Spring site could be threatened by any changes in open space
at Walter Reed Hospital or surrounding homes. An example is the plan
Walter Reed Hospital has for building an additional Research
facility on its grounds.
The petitioners assert that rebuilding the stormwater
infrastructure of the city by the District of Columbia threatens the
species (Twomey 2001).
The petitioners state that unusually high flood levels from Rock
Creek reach the level of the spring habitat of Kenk's amphipod, and
this spring habitat has been flooded with increasing frequency in
recent years. They indicate that flood waters may adversely affect
spring habitat by washing away leaf litter and fine sediments, which
form the microhabitat utilized by S. kenki.
Virginia Well Amphipod
The petitioners state that S. phreaticus is known from only one
current location and that until its rediscovery at Fort Belvoir, there
was concern that it was extinct (no citation provided). The petitioners
cite Terwilliger (1991, p. 185) to support their claim that it is
unlikely that the species exists elsewhere. This claim is further
supported in the petition by Holsinger (1978) who hypothesizes that the
very distinctive morphological structure of the Virginia well amphipod
makes it unlikely to be overlooked in other collections.
The petitioners state that there are an increasing number of
activities at Fort Belvoir that could affect S. phreaticus. In the
Fort, in addition to constant activity such as military exercises and
training, there is the prospect of greatly increased building
activities, including creation of the Army Museum with its attendant
construction activities and increased visitation. The petitioners also
state that planning is underway for additional bridges crossing the
Potomac River near Washington and conclude that the cumulative result
of these ongoing and increasing activities for S. phreaticus will be
imminent extinction in the absence of the Act's protection.
Acanthocyclops columbiensis
The petitioners state that A. columbiensis, unless protected, could
likewise be extirpated at any moment. They indicate that it is known
from only two locations, Fort Stanton and Oxon Hill Parks. They further
assert that A. columbiensis' occurrence in a National Park affords it
little specific protection. Rob Gordon (author of the petition
supplement) has not seen the Fort Stanton site but indicates that at
Oxon Hill, where it is found in a small, brick-lined spring, A.
columbiensis is vulnerable to extirpation. Gordon cites impacts from
humans (such as, litter and discarded harmful substances) and a current
major Federal construction project (Wilson Bridge), which includes a
12-lane, two-span drawbridge and expansive network of approaches, as
threats to this species. He asserts that the highway project alone
could massively alter the hydrologic regime, altering ground water
recharge and introducing pollution from the project area.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
The citations provided in the petition do not support the
petitioner's claims for any of the three species. Furthermore, the
assertion that the three invertebrates could be driven to extinction by
a single construction project is not plausible for Kenk's amphipod,
which occurs at six different sites (Feller 2005, p. 11), or for A.
columbiensis, which is known from two different sites and may occur in
many more areas (Reid 2001). It is more plausible for Virginia well
amphipod, which, at present, is only known from a single site on Fort
Belvoir. However, the petition provides no information about, nor are
we aware of, any projects planned within the recharge area for this
species as delineated by the hydrogeologic study funded by Fort Belvoir
(MACTEC 2003, p. 19).
Kenk's amphipod is known from six sites, not two as the petitioner
asserts. Four of the sites are within Rock Creek Park in the District
of Columbia, and two are in Montgomery County, MD: one in a county park
and one on private property (Feller 2005, p. 11). The macroinvertebrate
study (Feller 1997, pp. 8, 24-25, 37) that was referenced in the
petition supplement does support the petitioners' claim that the East
Spring and Sherill Drive Spring sites are highly threatened; however,
the petition does not refer to any of the other four sites supporting
the species. Although the information attributed to NPS regarding the
threats to East Spring and Sherrill Drive Spring appears plausible, no
specific source is cited by the petitioners, and this information
relates to only two of the six known sites. The planned stormwater
infrastructure project in the District of Columbia mentioned by the
petitioners is unlikely to have an effect on this species, as it only
affects a section of the Rock Creek drainage well downstream of all
Kenk's amphipod sites (Yeaman 2001). The petitioners provide no
citation to support their statement that there is an increasing level
and frequency of flooding in Rock Creek and that this increased
flooding is affecting Kenk's amphipod.
As stated by the petitioners, Virginia well amphipod is currently
known to be extant at only a single location (Chazal and Hobson 2003,
p. iii). The petition correctly states that there is an increasing
number of activities occurring on Fort Belvoir, but presents no
evidence that the referenced activities will affect the recharge area,
as delineated by MACTEC (2003, p. 19), for the seep supporting this
species. The one activity described in detail in the petition, the
construction of the Army Museum, will occur near Route 1, approximately
2 miles (3.2 kilometers) from the seep and its recharge area (Keough
2001), making this activity unlikely to affect this species. Although
the petitioners state that planning is underway for additional Potomac
River bridges near Washington, DC, they provide no supporting
information for this claim, and the Service is not aware of any
planning currently underway (Zepp 2006).
As stated in the petition supplement, Acanthocyclops columbiensis
is currently known to be extant at only two locations, Fort Stanton
Park and Oxon Hill Farm Park, both in Prince Georges County, MD. The
petitioners provided information concerning threats at the Oxon Hill
site only; no information is provided for the Fort Stanton Park site.
Their evidence concerning the threat of pollution of the Oxon Hill
spring from public littering is speculative and not supported by any
independent sources. The potential for impacts to this copepod from
upgrades to the Washington (DC) Beltway and the construction of a new
access road to Oxon Hill Farm Park (which are part of the Wilson Bridge
Project) appears plausible, given the potential impact area for the
project shown in the Environmental Impact Statement for the Wilson
Bridge (Federal Highway Administration 2000, Figure 3-13). However,
construction of these features is now complete, and we are aware of
[[Page 51769]]
no evidence that spring flows have been affected.
Based on the information in the petition and information readily
available to us, we conclude that present or threatened destruction,
modification, or curtailment of habitats or ranges has not affected the
status of the three invertebrates to the extent that listing under the
Act as a threatened or endangered species may be warranted.
B. Overutilization for Commercial, Recreational, Scientific, or
Educational Purposes
The petitioners assert that even moderate collection of the three
species for scientific or educational purposes would pose a threat to
these species due to their rarity and limited occurrence in small
locales.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
The petitioners provide no documentation that collecting for
scientific or educational purposes is a threat, nor are we aware of any
such information. Collections involved very low numbers of the three
invertebrates, and effects on their populations are unlikely.
Therefore, we find that the petition does not contain substantial
scientific or commercial information concerning collecting for
scientific or educational purposes to indicate that listing of the
three invertebrates may be warranted.
C. Disease and Predation
The petitioners speculate that it is reasonable to assume that the
three invertebrates could possibly be prey for large aquatic insects
and their predacious larvae.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
The petitioners provide no documentation that such predators are
present in the spring-seep habitats of the three invertebrates or that
their predation constitutes a threat. Therefore, we find that the
petition does not present substantial scientific or commercial
information concerning that disease or predation to indicate that
listing of the three invertebrates may be warranted.
D. Inadequacy of Existing Regulatory Mechanisms
The petitioners indicate that Kenk's amphipod receives some
protection from NPS, which administers Rock Creek Park, but that such
protection was not considered adequate for the federally listed Hay's
Spring amphipod (Stygobromus hayi), which also occurs there. In support
of the latter statement, the petitioners cite the rule listing the
Hay's Spring amphipod (47 FR 5425, February 5, 1982).
The petitioners also assert that manmade or small natural events
could destroy the only known habitat for Virginia well amphipod at Fort
Belvoir and the Fort Stanton and Oxon Hill Farm habitats for A.
columbiensis.
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
We also note that Hay's Spring amphipod was not known to occur on
NPS lands (its only occurrence was on the adjacent National Zoological
Park), so the protections (or lack thereof) that now apply to Rock
Creek Park were not a consideration in the listing decision (47 FR
5425, February 5, 1982).
Therefore, we find that the petition does not present substantial
scientific or commercial information concerning the inadequacy of
existing regulatory mechanisms to indicate that listing of the three
invertebrates may be warranted.
E. Other Natural or Manmade Factors Affecting Its Continued Existence
The petitioners indicate that ``any activities affecting the Upper
Potomac and its tributaries, especially the ground water level and its
characteristics could be detrimental to the survival of these three
invertebrates.'' The petitioners also assert that manmade or small
natural events could destroy the only known habitat for the Virginia
well amphipod at Fort Belvoir and Fort Stanton and Oxon Hill Farm
habitats for A. columbiensis
Evaluation of Information in the Petition
Activities in the Upper Potomac and its tributaries have previously
been covered under Factor A. Except for the proposed Army Museum,
discussed under Factor A, the petitioners have provided no
documentation of specific threats at Fort Belvoir. Specific manmade or
natural events potentially affecting A. columbiensis were discussed
under Factors A and D.
No additional information or documentation is provided on this
point by the petitioners. Therefore, we find that the petition does not
present substantial scientific or commercial information concerning
other natural or manmade factors, to indicate that listing of the three
invertebrates may be warranted.
Significant Portion of the Range
Under section 4(b)(1) of the Act, we are required to make a finding
as to whether the petition presents substantial information ``that the
petitioned action may be warranted'' (emphasis added). The petition
asserts that the three invertebrates (Kenk's amphipod, Virginia well
amphipod, and Acanthocyclops columbiensis) require listing throughout
their current, respective ranges; the petitioned action was to list
each of the invertebrates throughout all of its range. As discussed
above, we have determined that the petition did not present substantial
information that the petitioned action may be warranted. Although we
have no obligation under section 4(b)(1) to address the separate
question of whether any of the three invertebrates is threatened or
endangered in a significant portion of its range, we note that nothing
in the petition or our files lead us to the conclusion that we should
at this time, undertake a candidate assessment of any of the three
invertebrates to determine whether it is threatened or endangered in a
significant portion of its range. If the Service obtains sufficient
information in the future that suggests that any of the three
invertebrates may warrant listing due to threats in all or a
significant portion of its range, we will initiate a candidate
assessment, subject to availability of resources, and if appropriate,
add the species to the candidate list or propose its listing where
threatened or endangered.
Finding
We reviewed the petition, the petition supplement, and supporting
information provided with these documents and evaluated that
information in relation to other pertinent literature and information
available in our files at the time of petition review. After this
review and evaluation, we find the petition does not present
substantial scientific or commercial information to demonstrate that
listing of Kenk's amphipod, Virginia well amphipod, or the copepod
Acanthocyclops columbiensis may be warranted at this time, nor do we
have other information available to us that indicates that a listing
proposal may be warranted. We encourage interested parties to continue
to gather data that will assist with the conservation of these species.
Information regarding the three invertebrates may be submitted to the
Field Supervisor, Chesapeake Bay Field Office (see ADDRESSES), at any
time.
References Cited
A complete list of all references cited herein is available upon
request from the Chesapeake Bay Field Office (see ADDRESSES).
[[Page 51770]]
Author
The primary author of this document is the Chesapeake Bay Field
Office, Annapolis, MD.
Authority
The authority for this action is section 4 of the Endangered
Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
Dated: August 31, 2007.
Kenneth Stansell,
Acting Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
[FR Doc. E7-17716 Filed 9-10-07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310-55-P
