Medical Devices: Immunology and Microbiology Devices: Classification of In Vitro Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance Genotype Assay, 44380-44382 [E7-15475]
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44380
Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 152 / Wednesday, August 8, 2007 / Rules and Regulations
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 97
Air Traffic Control, Airports,
Incorporation by reference, and
Navigation (Air).
Issued in Washington, DC on July 27, 2007.
James J. Ballough,
Director, Flight Standards Service.
Adoption of the Amendment
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority
delegated to me, under Title 14, Code of
Federal Regulations, Part 97 (14 CFR
part 97) is amended by establishing,
amending, suspending, or revoking
Standard Instrument Approach
Procedures and Weather Takeoff
Minimums effective at 0901 UTC on the
dates specified, as follows:
I
PART 97—STANDARD INSTRUMENT
APPROACH PROCEDURES
1. The authority citation for part 97
continues to read as follows:
I
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40103, 40106,
40113, 40114, 40120, 44502, 44514, 44701,
44719, 44721–44722.
2. Part 97 is amended to read as
follows:
ebenthall on PRODPC61 with RULES
I
Effective 30 AUG 2007
Grand Canyon, AZ, Grand Canyon National
Park, Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle DP,
Orig
Phoenix, AZ, Phoenix Deer Valley, RNAV
(GPS)-B, Orig-A
Phoenix, AZ, Phoenix Deer Valley, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 25L, Orig-B
Sylvania, GA, Plantation Airpark, NDB RWY
23, Amdt 2
Westfield/Springfield, MA, Barnes Muni, ILS
OR LOC RWY 20, Amdt 6
Westfield/Springfield, MA, Barnes Muni,
RNAV (GPS) RWY 20, Orig
Westfield/Springfield, MA, Barnes Muni,
GPS RWY 20, Orig-A, CANCELLED
Lee’s Summit, MO, Lee’s Summit Municipal,
Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle DP, Orig
Aberdeen/Amory, MS, Monroe County,
RNAV (GPS) RWY 18, Orig
Aberdeen/Amory, MS, Monroe County,
RNAV (GPS) RWY 36, Orig
Aberdeen/Amory, MS, Monroe County,
Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle DP, Orig
Erwin, NC, Harnett County, Takeoff
Minimums and Obstacle DP, Orig
Laconia, NH, Laconia, Muni, NDB RWY 8,
Amdt 9
Laconia, NH, Laconia, Muni, ILS OR LOC
RWY 8, Amdt 1
Laconia, NH, Laconia, Muni, RNAV (GPS)
RWY 8, Orig
Laconia, NH, Laconia, Muni, RNAV (GPS)
RWY 26, Orig
Laconia, NH, Laconia, Muni, GPS RWY 26,
Orig-A, CANCELLED
New York, NY, LaGuardia, ILS OR LOC RWY
4, Amdt 35
New York, NY, LaGuardia, RNAV (RNP) Z
RWY 4, Orig
New York, NY, LaGuardia, RNAV (RNP) Z
RWY 22, Orig
VerDate Aug<31>2005
15:29 Aug 07, 2007
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New York, NY, LaGuardia, RNAV (GPS) Y
RWY 4, Amdt 2
New York, NY, LaGuardia, RNAV (GPS) Y
RWY 22, Amdt 2
Sioux Falls, SD, Joss Foss Field, Takeoff
Minimums and Obstacle DP, Amdt 7
Houston, TX, Houston Executive, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 18, Orig
Houston, TX, Houston Executive, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 36, Orig
Houston, TX, Houston Executive, Takeoff
Minimums and Obstacle DP, Orig
Menomonie, WI, Menomonie MunicipalScore Field, RNAV (GPS) RWY 27, Orig
Menomonie, WI, Menomonie MunicipalScore Field, RNAV (GPS) RWY 9, Orig
Norfolk, VA, Hampton Roads Executive, NDB
RWY 2, Amdt 7
Norfolk, VA, Hampton Roads Executive,
RNAV (GPS) RWY 10, Orig
Norfolk, VA, Hampton Roads Executive,
RNAV (GPS) RWY 28, Orig
Norfolk, VA, Hampton Roads Executive, GPS
RWY 10, Orig-A, CANCELLED
Norfolk, VA, Hampton Roads Executive, GPS
RWY 28, Orig-A, CANCELLED
Norfolk, VA, Hampton Roads Executive,
Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle DP, Amdt
1
Effective 27 SEP 2007
Chicago, IL, Chicago-O’Hare Intl, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 32L, Amdt 2A
The FAA published several Amendments
in Docket No. 30558, Amdt No. 3225 to Part
97 Of the Federal Aviation Regulations (Vol.
72, FR No. 135, Page 38755; dated Monday,
July 16, 2007) under section 97.33, effective
30 August 2007, which is hereby
RESCINDED as follows:
Miami, FL, Miami Intl, RNAV (RNP) Y RWY
9, Orig
Miami, FL, Miami Intl, RNAV (GPS) Z RWY
9, Amdt 1
Miami, FL, Miami Intl, ILS OR LOC RWY 9,
Amdt 10
[FR Doc. E7–15134 Filed 8–7–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 866
[Docket No. 2007N–0294]
Medical Devices: Immunology and
Microbiology Devices: Classification of
In Vitro Human Immunodeficiency
Virus Drug Resistance Genotype
Assay
AGENCY:
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
ACTION:
Final rule.
SUMMARY: The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) is classifying an
in vitro human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) drug resistance genotype assay
into class II (special controls). The
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Sfmt 4700
special control that will apply to this
device is the guidance document
entitled ‘‘Class II Special Controls
Guidance Document: In Vitro HIV Drug
Resistance Genotype Assay.’’ FDA is
classifying the device into class II
(special controls) in order to provide a
reasonable assurance of safety and
effectiveness of this device. Elsewhere
in this issue of the Federal Register,
FDA is announcing the availability of
the guidance document that will serve
as the special control for this device.
DATES: This rule becomes effective
September 7, 2007. The classification of
this device into class II became effective
on September 26, 2001.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Nathaniel L. Geary, Center for Biologics
Evaluation and Research, Food and
Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville
Pike, suite 200N, Rockville, MD 20852,
301–827–6210.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
In accordance with section 513(f)(1) of
the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act (the act) (21 U.S.C. 360c(f)(1)),
devices that were not in commercial
distribution before May 28, 1976, the
date of enactment of the Medical Device
Amendments of 1976, generally referred
to as postamendments devices, are
classified automatically by statute into
class III without any FDA rulemaking
process. These devices remain in class
III and require premarket approval,
unless and until the device is classified
or reclassified into class I or II, or FDA
issues an order finding the device to be
substantially equivalent, in accordance
with section 513(i) of the act, to a
predicate device that does not require
premarket approval. FDA determines
whether new devices are substantially
equivalent to predicate devices by
means of premarket notification
procedures in section 510(k) of the act
(21 U.S.C. 360(k)) and part 807 (21 CFR
part 807) of FDA’s regulations.
Section 513(f)(2) of the act provides
that any person who submits a
premarket notification under section
510(k) of the act for a device that has not
previously been classified may, within
30 days after receiving an order
classifying the device in class III under
section 513(f)(1) of the act, request FDA
to classify the device under the criteria
set forth in section 513(a)(1) of the act.
FDA shall, within 60 days of receiving
such a request, classify the device by
written order. This classification shall
be the initial classification of the device.
In accordance with section 513(f)(1) of
the act, FDA issued an order on June 27,
2001, classifying into class III the
E:\FR\FM\08AUR1.SGM
08AUR1
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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 152 / Wednesday, August 8, 2007 / Rules and Regulations
Visible Genetics, Inc., TRUEGENE HIV
Genotyping Kit and OpenGene DNA
Sequencing System, because this device
was not substantially equivalent to a
device that was introduced or delivered
for introduction into interstate
commerce for commercial distribution
before May 28, 1976, or to a device
which was subsequently reclassified
into class I or class II. On July 11, 2001,
Visible Genetics, Inc. submitted to FDA
a petition requesting classification of the
TRUEGENE HIV Genotyping Kit and
OpenGene DNA Sequencing System
under section 513(f)(2) of the act. The
manufacturer recommended that the
device be classified into class II (Ref. 1).
In accordance with section 513(f)(2) of
the act, FDA reviewed the petition in
order to classify the device under the
criteria for classification set forth in
section 513(a)(1) of the act. Devices are
to be classified into class II if general
controls, by themselves, are insufficient
to provide reasonable assurance of
safety and effectiveness, but there is
sufficient information to establish
special controls to provide reasonable
assurance of the safety and effectiveness
of the device for its intended use. After
review of the information submitted in
the petition, FDA determined that the
Visible Genetics, Inc., TRUEGENE HIV
Genotyping Kit and OpenGene DNA
Sequencing System can be classified in
class II with the establishment of special
controls. FDA believes that special
controls, in addition to general controls,
are adequate to provide reasonable
assurance of the safety and effectiveness
of this device and that there is sufficient
information to establish special controls
to provide such assurance.
This device is assigned the generic
name, ‘‘In vitro HIV drug resistance
genotype assay.’’ It is identified as an in
vitro diagnostic device to be used to
detect HIV genomic mutations that
confer resistance to specific types of
antiretroviral drugs, as an aid in
monitoring and treating HIV infection.
FDA has identified the risks to health
associated with the use of the in vitro
HIV drug resistance genotype assay.
These risks include inaccurate detection
of resistance mutations present in a
patient’s viral swarm that can result in
continuance of therapies that are no
longer appropriate, or changes to new,
inadequate therapies. In both cases, the
patient’s viral load may increase,
worsening the clinical prognosis and
accelerating the development of drug
resistant viruses. Patients may be
needlessly subjected to serious,
deleterious side effects of inappropriate
antiviral drugs. Furthermore, failure of
the assay to give any results at all
(sequence failure) can deny or delay
VerDate Aug<31>2005
15:29 Aug 07, 2007
Jkt 211001
beneficial, appropriate therapies, which
may also result in high viral loads and
their attendant morbidity.
FDA believes that the class II special
controls guidance document will aid in
mitigating the potential risks to health
by providing recommendations on
performance characteristics; other
considerations such as design controls,
statistical methods, and instruments and
software; product modification; and
labeling. The guidance document also
provides recommendations for fulfilling
the premarket (510(k)) submission
requirements for this device. FDA
believes that the class II special controls
guidance document, in addition to
general controls, addresses the risks to
health identified in the previous
paragraph and provides reasonable
assurance of the safety and effectiveness
of the in vitro HIV drug resistance assay.
Therefore, on September 26, 2001, FDA
issued an order to the petitioner
classifying the device into class II. FDA
is codifying this device classification at
21 CFR 866.3950.
Following the effective date of this
final classification rule, manufacturers
submitting a 510(k) premarket
notification for an in vitro HIV drug
resistance genotype assay will need to
address the issues covered in the special
controls guidance. However, the
manufacturer need only show that its
device meets the recommendations of
the guidance or in some other way
provides equivalent assurance of safety
and effectiveness.
Section 510(m) of the act provides
that FDA may exempt a class II device
from the premarket notification
requirements under section 510(k) of the
act, if FDA determines that premarket
notification is not necessary to provide
reasonable assurance of the safety and
effectiveness of the device. FDA has
determined that premarket notification
is necessary to provide reasonable
assurance of the safety and effectiveness
of this type of device and, therefore, this
type of device is not exempt from
premarket notification requirements.
Persons who intend to market this type
of device must submit to FDA a
premarket notification, before marketing
the device, which contains information
about the in vitro HIV drug resistance
genotype assay they intend to market.
II. Analysis of Impacts
FDA has examined the impacts of the
final rule under Executive Order 12866
and the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
U.S.C. 601–612), and the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Public
Law 104–4). Executive Order 12866
directs agencies to assess all costs and
benefits of available regulatory
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44381
alternatives and, when regulation is
necessary, to select regulatory
approaches that maximize net benefits
(including potential economic,
environmental, public health and safety,
and other advantages; distributive
impacts; and equity). The agency
believes that this final rule is not a
significant regulatory action under the
Executive order.
The Regulatory Flexibility Act
requires agencies to analyze regulatory
options that would minimize any
significant impact of a rule on small
entities. Because classification of this
device into class II will relieve
manufacturers of the device of the cost
of complying with the premarket
approval requirements of section 515 of
the act (21 U.S.C. 360e), and may permit
small potential competitors to enter the
marketplace by lowering their costs, the
agency certifies that the final rule will
not have a significant impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
Section 202(a) of the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 requires
that agencies prepare a written
statement, which includes an
assessment of anticipated costs and
benefits, before proposing ‘‘any rule that
includes any Federal mandate that may
result in the expenditure by State, local,
and tribal governments, in the aggregate,
or by the private sector, of $100,000,000
or more (adjusted annually for inflation)
in any one year.’’ The current threshold
after adjustment for inflation is $122
million, using the most current (2005)
Implicit Price Deflator for the Gross
Domestic Product. FDA does not expect
this final rule to result in any 1-year
expenditure that would meet or exceed
this amount
III. Environmental Impact
The agency has determined under 21
CFR 25.34(b) that this action is of a type
that does not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on
the human environment. Therefore,
neither an environmental assessment
nor an environmental impact statement
is required.
IV. Federalism
FDA has analyzed this final rule in
accordance with the principles set forth
in Executive Order 13132. FDA has
determined that the rule does not
contain policies that have substantial
direct effects on the States, on the
relationship between the National
Government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government. Accordingly, the
agency has concluded that the rule does
not contain policies that have
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08AUR1
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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 152 / Wednesday, August 8, 2007 / Rules and Regulations
federalism implications as defined in
the Executive order and, consequently,
a federalism summary impact statement
is not required.
V. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
This final rule contains no collections
of information. Therefore, clearance by
the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction
Act (PRA) of 1995 is not required.
Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal
Register, FDA is publishing a notice
announcing the availability of the
guidance document entitled ‘‘Class II
Special Controls Guidance Document:
In Vitro HIV Drug Resistance Genotype
Assay.’’ FDA concludes that the special
controls guidance document contains
information collection provisions that
are subject to review by the OMB under
the PRA and that have been approved
by OMB in accordance with the PRA
under the regulations governing
premarket notification submissions (part
807, subpart E, OMB control number
0910–0120).
VI. References
1. Petition from Visible Genetics, Inc.,
dated July 11, 2001.
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 866
Biologics, Laboratories, Medical
devices.
I Therefore, under the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
authority delegated to the Commissioner
of Food and Drugs, 21 CFR part 866 is
amended as follows:
PART 866—IMMUNOLOGY AND
MICROBIOLOGY DEVICES
1. The authority citation for 21 CFR
part 866 continues to read as follows:
I
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 351, 360, 360c, 360e,
360j, 371.
2. Add § 866.3950 to subpart D to read
as follows:
I
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§ 866.3950 In vitro human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug
resistance genotype assay.
(a) Identification. The in vitro HIV
drug resistance genotype assay is a
device that consists of nucleic acid
reagent primers and probes together
with software for predicting drug
resistance/susceptibility based on
results obtained with these primers and
15:29 Aug 07, 2007
Dated: August 2, 2007.
Jeffrey Shuren,
Assistant Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. E7–15475 Filed 8–7–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4160–01–S
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
28 CFR Part 16
[AAG/A Order No. 023–2007]
Privacy Act of 1974; Implementation
Department of Justice.
ACTION: Final Rule.
AGENCY:
The following reference has been
placed on display in the Division of
Dockets Management (HFA–305), Food
and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers
Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852,
and may be seen by interested persons
between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday
through Friday.
VerDate Aug<31>2005
probes. It is intended for use in
detecting HIV genomic mutations that
confer resistance to specific
antiretroviral drugs, as an aid in
monitoring and treating HIV infection.
(b) Classification. Class II (special
controls). The special control for this
device is FDA’s guidance document
entitled ‘‘Class II Special Controls
Guidance Document: In Vitro HIV Drug
Resistance Genotype Assay.’’ See
§ 866.1(e) for the availability of this
guidance document.
Jkt 211001
SUMMARY: On May 8, 2007, at 72 FR
26037, the Department of Justice issued
a proposed rule to amend Title 28 of the
Code of Federal Regulations, Part 16, to
exempt the following new system of
records from certain provisions of the
Privacy Act: The National Security
Division (NSD), ‘‘Foreign Intelligence
and Counterintelligence Records System
(JUSTICE/NSD–001),’’ which
incorporated three previous systems of
records of the Office of Intelligence
Policy and Review (OIPR). This records
system must be exempted from sections
of the Privacy Act since, in most cases,
disclosure of the existence of records
pertaining to an individual would
hinder authorized United States
intelligence activities by informing that
individual of the existence, nature, or
scope of information that is properly
classified pursuant to Executive Order
12958, as amended, and thereby cause
damage to the national security. Further
it is necessary to exempt this system to
ensure unhampered and effective
collection and analysis of foreign
intelligence and counterintelligence
information and to protect the identities
of confidential sources.
EFFECTIVE DATE: This final rule is
effective August 8, 2007.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
GayLa Sessoms, (202) 616–5460 or Mary
Cahill (202) 307–1823.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The notice
of the proposed rule with invitation to
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Frm 00016
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
comment was published in the Federal
Register on May 8, 2007, at 72 FR
26073. No comments were received. The
Department of Justice is exempting
JUSTICE/NSD–001 from 5 U.S.C.
552a(c)(3) and (4); (d); (e)(1), (2), (3),
(4)(G), (H), and (I), (5) and (8); (f); (g);
and (h).
This order relates to individuals
rather than small business entities.
Nevertheless, pursuant to the
requirements of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601–612, this
order will not have a significant impact
on a substantial number of small
business entities.
List of Subjects in 28 CFR Part 16
Administrative Practices and
Procedures, Courts, Freedom of
Information, and Privacy.
I Pursuant to the authority vested in the
Attorney General by 5 U.S.C. 552a and
delegated to me by Attorney General
Order No. 793–78, amend 28 CFR part
16 as follows:
PART 16—PRODUCTION OR
DISCLOSURE OF MATERIAL OR
INFORMATION
1. The authority for part 16 continues
to read as follows:
I
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301, 551, 552a, 552b(g),
and 553; 18 U.S.C. 4203(a)(1); 28 U.S.C. 509,
510, 534; 31 U.S.C. 3717, and 9701.
2. Section 16. 74 is revised to read as
follows:
I
§ 16.74 Exemption of National Security
Division Systems—limited access.
(a) The following system of records is
exempted from subsections (c)(3) and
(4); (d); (e)(1), (2), (3), (4)(G),(H) and (I),
(5) and (8); (f); (g); and (h) of the Privacy
Act pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552a(j)(2),
(k)(1), (2) and (5): Foreign Intelligence
and Counterintelligence Records System
(JUSTICE/NSD–001). These exemptions
apply only to the extent that
information in the system is subject to
exemption pursuant to 5 U.S.C.
552a(j)(2), (k)(1), (2), and (5).
(b) Exemptions from the particular
subsections are justified for the
following reasons:
(1) Subsection (c)(3). To provide the
target of a surveillance or collection
activity with the disclosure accounting
records concerning him or her would
hinder authorized United States
intelligence activities by informing that
individual of the existence, nature, or
scope of information that is properly
classified pursuant to Executive Order
12958, as amended, and thereby cause
damage to the national security.
(2) Subsection (c)(4). This subsection
is inapplicable to the extent that an
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08AUR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 152 (Wednesday, August 8, 2007)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 44380-44382]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-15475]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 866
[Docket No. 2007N-0294]
Medical Devices: Immunology and Microbiology Devices:
Classification of In Vitro Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance
Genotype Assay
AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying an in
vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance genotype assay
into class II (special controls). The special control that will apply
to this device is the guidance document entitled ``Class II Special
Controls Guidance Document: In Vitro HIV Drug Resistance Genotype
Assay.'' FDA is classifying the device into class II (special controls)
in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness
of this device. Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is
announcing the availability of the guidance document that will serve as
the special control for this device.
DATES: This rule becomes effective September 7, 2007. The
classification of this device into class II became effective on
September 26, 2001.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Nathaniel L. Geary, Center for
Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 1401
Rockville Pike, suite 200N, Rockville, MD 20852, 301-827-6210.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
In accordance with section 513(f)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act (the act) (21 U.S.C. 360c(f)(1)), devices that were not in
commercial distribution before May 28, 1976, the date of enactment of
the Medical Device Amendments of 1976, generally referred to as
postamendments devices, are classified automatically by statute into
class III without any FDA rulemaking process. These devices remain in
class III and require premarket approval, unless and until the device
is classified or reclassified into class I or II, or FDA issues an
order finding the device to be substantially equivalent, in accordance
with section 513(i) of the act, to a predicate device that does not
require premarket approval. FDA determines whether new devices are
substantially equivalent to predicate devices by means of premarket
notification procedures in section 510(k) of the act (21 U.S.C. 360(k))
and part 807 (21 CFR part 807) of FDA's regulations.
Section 513(f)(2) of the act provides that any person who submits a
premarket notification under section 510(k) of the act for a device
that has not previously been classified may, within 30 days after
receiving an order classifying the device in class III under section
513(f)(1) of the act, request FDA to classify the device under the
criteria set forth in section 513(a)(1) of the act. FDA shall, within
60 days of receiving such a request, classify the device by written
order. This classification shall be the initial classification of the
device.
In accordance with section 513(f)(1) of the act, FDA issued an
order on June 27, 2001, classifying into class III the
[[Page 44381]]
Visible Genetics, Inc., TRUEGENE HIV Genotyping Kit and OpenGene DNA
Sequencing System, because this device was not substantially equivalent
to a device that was introduced or delivered for introduction into
interstate commerce for commercial distribution before May 28, 1976, or
to a device which was subsequently reclassified into class I or class
II. On July 11, 2001, Visible Genetics, Inc. submitted to FDA a
petition requesting classification of the TRUEGENE HIV Genotyping Kit
and OpenGene DNA Sequencing System under section 513(f)(2) of the act.
The manufacturer recommended that the device be classified into class
II (Ref. 1).
In accordance with section 513(f)(2) of the act, FDA reviewed the
petition in order to classify the device under the criteria for
classification set forth in section 513(a)(1) of the act. Devices are
to be classified into class II if general controls, by themselves, are
insufficient to provide reasonable assurance of safety and
effectiveness, but there is sufficient information to establish special
controls to provide reasonable assurance of the safety and
effectiveness of the device for its intended use. After review of the
information submitted in the petition, FDA determined that the Visible
Genetics, Inc., TRUEGENE HIV Genotyping Kit and OpenGene DNA Sequencing
System can be classified in class II with the establishment of special
controls. FDA believes that special controls, in addition to general
controls, are adequate to provide reasonable assurance of the safety
and effectiveness of this device and that there is sufficient
information to establish special controls to provide such assurance.
This device is assigned the generic name, ``In vitro HIV drug
resistance genotype assay.'' It is identified as an in vitro diagnostic
device to be used to detect HIV genomic mutations that confer
resistance to specific types of antiretroviral drugs, as an aid in
monitoring and treating HIV infection.
FDA has identified the risks to health associated with the use of
the in vitro HIV drug resistance genotype assay. These risks include
inaccurate detection of resistance mutations present in a patient's
viral swarm that can result in continuance of therapies that are no
longer appropriate, or changes to new, inadequate therapies. In both
cases, the patient's viral load may increase, worsening the clinical
prognosis and accelerating the development of drug resistant viruses.
Patients may be needlessly subjected to serious, deleterious side
effects of inappropriate antiviral drugs. Furthermore, failure of the
assay to give any results at all (sequence failure) can deny or delay
beneficial, appropriate therapies, which may also result in high viral
loads and their attendant morbidity.
FDA believes that the class II special controls guidance document
will aid in mitigating the potential risks to health by providing
recommendations on performance characteristics; other considerations
such as design controls, statistical methods, and instruments and
software; product modification; and labeling. The guidance document
also provides recommendations for fulfilling the premarket (510(k))
submission requirements for this device. FDA believes that the class II
special controls guidance document, in addition to general controls,
addresses the risks to health identified in the previous paragraph and
provides reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of the in
vitro HIV drug resistance assay. Therefore, on September 26, 2001, FDA
issued an order to the petitioner classifying the device into class II.
FDA is codifying this device classification at 21 CFR 866.3950.
Following the effective date of this final classification rule,
manufacturers submitting a 510(k) premarket notification for an in
vitro HIV drug resistance genotype assay will need to address the
issues covered in the special controls guidance. However, the
manufacturer need only show that its device meets the recommendations
of the guidance or in some other way provides equivalent assurance of
safety and effectiveness.
Section 510(m) of the act provides that FDA may exempt a class II
device from the premarket notification requirements under section
510(k) of the act, if FDA determines that premarket notification is not
necessary to provide reasonable assurance of the safety and
effectiveness of the device. FDA has determined that premarket
notification is necessary to provide reasonable assurance of the safety
and effectiveness of this type of device and, therefore, this type of
device is not exempt from premarket notification requirements. Persons
who intend to market this type of device must submit to FDA a premarket
notification, before marketing the device, which contains information
about the in vitro HIV drug resistance genotype assay they intend to
market.
II. Analysis of Impacts
FDA has examined the impacts of the final rule under Executive
Order 12866 and the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612), and
the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Public Law 104-4). Executive
Order 12866 directs agencies to assess all costs and benefits of
available regulatory alternatives and, when regulation is necessary, to
select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits (including
potential economic, environmental, public health and safety, and other
advantages; distributive impacts; and equity). The agency believes that
this final rule is not a significant regulatory action under the
Executive order.
The Regulatory Flexibility Act requires agencies to analyze
regulatory options that would minimize any significant impact of a rule
on small entities. Because classification of this device into class II
will relieve manufacturers of the device of the cost of complying with
the premarket approval requirements of section 515 of the act (21
U.S.C. 360e), and may permit small potential competitors to enter the
marketplace by lowering their costs, the agency certifies that the
final rule will not have a significant impact on a substantial number
of small entities.
Section 202(a) of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 requires
that agencies prepare a written statement, which includes an assessment
of anticipated costs and benefits, before proposing ``any rule that
includes any Federal mandate that may result in the expenditure by
State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the
private sector, of $100,000,000 or more (adjusted annually for
inflation) in any one year.'' The current threshold after adjustment
for inflation is $122 million, using the most current (2005) Implicit
Price Deflator for the Gross Domestic Product. FDA does not expect this
final rule to result in any 1-year expenditure that would meet or
exceed this amount
III. Environmental Impact
The agency has determined under 21 CFR 25.34(b) that this action is
of a type that does not individually or cumulatively have a significant
effect on the human environment. Therefore, neither an environmental
assessment nor an environmental impact statement is required.
IV. Federalism
FDA has analyzed this final rule in accordance with the principles
set forth in Executive Order 13132. FDA has determined that the rule
does not contain policies that have substantial direct effects on the
States, on the relationship between the National Government and the
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government. Accordingly, the agency has concluded
that the rule does not contain policies that have
[[Page 44382]]
federalism implications as defined in the Executive order and,
consequently, a federalism summary impact statement is not required.
V. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
This final rule contains no collections of information. Therefore,
clearance by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the
Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) of 1995 is not required. Elsewhere in
this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is publishing a notice
announcing the availability of the guidance document entitled ``Class
II Special Controls Guidance Document: In Vitro HIV Drug Resistance
Genotype Assay.'' FDA concludes that the special controls guidance
document contains information collection provisions that are subject to
review by the OMB under the PRA and that have been approved by OMB in
accordance with the PRA under the regulations governing premarket
notification submissions (part 807, subpart E, OMB control number 0910-
0120).
VI. References
The following reference has been placed on display in the Division
of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630
Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, and may be seen by
interested persons between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday.
1. Petition from Visible Genetics, Inc., dated July 11, 2001.
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 866
Biologics, Laboratories, Medical devices.
0
Therefore, under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
authority delegated to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, 21 CFR part
866 is amended as follows:
PART 866--IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY DEVICES
0
1. The authority citation for 21 CFR part 866 continues to read as
follows:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 351, 360, 360c, 360e, 360j, 371.
0
2. Add Sec. 866.3950 to subpart D to read as follows:
Sec. 866.3950 In vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug
resistance genotype assay.
(a) Identification. The in vitro HIV drug resistance genotype assay
is a device that consists of nucleic acid reagent primers and probes
together with software for predicting drug resistance/susceptibility
based on results obtained with these primers and probes. It is intended
for use in detecting HIV genomic mutations that confer resistance to
specific antiretroviral drugs, as an aid in monitoring and treating HIV
infection.
(b) Classification. Class II (special controls). The special
control for this device is FDA's guidance document entitled ``Class II
Special Controls Guidance Document: In Vitro HIV Drug Resistance
Genotype Assay.'' See Sec. 866.1(e) for the availability of this
guidance document.
Dated: August 2, 2007.
Jeffrey Shuren,
Assistant Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. E7-15475 Filed 8-7-07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4160-01-S