Justia Environmental Protection Agency Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which Construction Is Commenced After August 17, 1971; Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction Is Commenced After September 18, 1978; Standards of Performance for Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; and Standards of Performance for Small Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; Reconsideration and Amendments, 6320-6375 [E7-1881]

Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which Construction Is Commenced After August 17, 1971; Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction Is Commenced After September 18, 1978; Standards of Performance for Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; and Standards of Performance for Small Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; Reconsideration and Amendments, 6320-6375 [E7-1881]

Download as PDF 6320 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 60 [EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031; FRL–8275–9] RIN 2060–AN97 Standards of Performance for FossilFuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which Construction Is Commenced After August 17, 1971; Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction Is Commenced After September 18, 1978; Standards of Performance for IndustrialCommercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; and Standards of Performance for Small IndustrialCommercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; Reconsideration and Amendments Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. AGENCY: SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to amend the new source performance standards (NSPS) for electric utility steam generating units and industrialcommercial-institutional steam generating units. On February 27, 2006, EPA promulgated amendments to the NSPS for steam generating units. EPA is proposing to amend specific provisions in the NSPS for steam generating units to resolve issues and questions raised by petitioners for reconsideration of the promulgated amendments, and to correct technical and editorial errors that have been identified since promulgation. In addition, the proposed rule would update the grammatical style of the four NSPS steam generating unit subparts to be consistent across all of the subparts. DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before March 12, 2007, unless a public hearing is requested by February 20, 2007. If a timely hearing request is submitted, the public hearing will be held on February 26, 2007 and we must receive written comments on or before March 26, 2007. ADDRESSES: Comments. Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031, by one of the following methods: • https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. • E-mail: a-and-r-docket@epa.gov. • By Facsimile: (202) 566–1741. • Mail: Air and Radiation Docket, U.S. EPA, Mail Code 6102T, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460. Please include a total of two copies. EPA requests a separate copy also be sent to the contact person identified below (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT). • Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, Docket ID Number EPA–HQ–OAR– 2005–0031, EPA West Building, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Room 3334, Washington, DC, 20004. Such deliveries are accepted only during the Docket’s normal hours of operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2005– 0031. EPA’s policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at https:// www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through regulations.gov or email. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ systems, which means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public NAICS code 1 Category 221112 22112 State/local/tribal government .................... rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Industry ..................................................... Federal Government ................................. 22112 921150 211 Any industrial, commercial, or institutional facility using a steam generating unit as defined in 60.40b or 60.40c. 321 322 325 324 316, 326, 339 VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses. For additional information about EPA’s public docket visit the EPA Docket Center homepage at https:// www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm. Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in https:// www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air and Radiation Docket EPA/DC, EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566–1744, and the telephone number for the Air and Radiation Docket is (202) 566–1742. Mr. Christian Fellner, Energy Strategies Group, Sector Policies and Programs Division (D243–01), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, telephone number (919) 541–4003, facsimile number (919) 541–5450, electronic mail (e-mail) address: fellner.christian@epa.gov. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Entities Table. Entities potentially affected by this proposed action include, but are not limited to, the following: SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Examples of potentially regulated entities Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating ment. Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating Fossil fuel-fired electric utility steam generating Extractors of crude petroleum and natural gas. units. units owned by the Federal Governunits owned by municipalities. units located in Indian Country. Manufacturers of lumber and wood products. Pulp and paper mills. Chemical manufacturers. Petroleum refiners and manufacturers of coal products. Manufacturers of rubber and miscellaneous plastic products. Frm 00002 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules NAICS code 1 Category 331 332 336 221 622 611 1 North Examples of potentially regulated entities Steel works, blast furnaces. Electroplating, plating, polishing, anodizing, and coloring. Manufacturers of motor vehicle parts and accessories. Electric, gas, and sanitary services. Health services. Educational Services. American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code. This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by the proposed rule. To determine whether your facility is regulated by the proposed rule, you should examine the applicability criteria in § 60.40a, § 60.40b, or § 60.40c of 40 CFR part 60. If you have any questions regarding the applicability of the proposed rule to a particular entity, contact the person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. World Wide Web (WWW). Following the Administrator’s signature, a copy of the proposed amendments will be posted on the Technology Transfer Network’s (TTN) policy and guidance page for newly proposed or promulgated rules at https:// www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg. The TTN provides information and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution control. Public Hearing. If a public hearing is requested, it will be held at 10 a.m. at the EPA Facility Complex in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina or at an alternate site nearby. Contact Mr. Christian Fellner at 919–541–4003 to request a hearing, to request to speak at a public hearing, to determine if a hearing will be held, or to determine the hearing location. Outline. The information presented in this preamble is organized as follows: rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6321 I. Background II. Proposed Amendments A. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart D B. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Da C. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Db D. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Dc III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review B. Paper Reduction Act C. Regulatory Flexibility Act D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health and Safety Risks VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act Background EPA promulgated amendments to the new source performance standards for steam generating units on February 27, 2006 (71 FR 9866). The amendments added new emissions limits and compliance requirements applicable to units constructed, modified, or reconstructed after February 28, 2005, for electric utility steam generating units in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Da; industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Db; and small industrialcommercial-institutional steam generating units in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Dc. In addition, an alternative sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions limit was added to subparts Db and Dc for steam generating units for which construction, modification, or reconstruction was commenced prior to February 28, 2005. Petitions for reconsideration of the amendments were filed by the Utility Air Regulatory Group and the Council of Industrial Boiler Owners. The EPA has decided to grant reconsideration to the amendments to the extent specified in the proposed rule. The amendments proposed by this action address issues for which the petitioners requested reconsideration1 (see docket entries EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031–0224 and EPA–HQ–OAR–2005–0031–0225). As part of this action, EPA is also proposing to amend other rule language to correct technical omissions, typographical errors, cross-reference errors, grammatical errors, and various other issues that have been identified since promulgation. The proposed amendments would not significantly change EPA’s original projections for the rule’s compliance costs, environmental benefits, burden on 1 An issue EPA is not granting reconsideration on is UARG’s request ‘‘EPA should also clarify that PM CEMS data would not be ‘credible evidence’ of a violation of the applicable PM standard for a source during a period for which the source has not otped to use PM CEMS to determine compliance.’’ PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 industry, or the number of affected facilities. Finally, as part of the February 28, 2005, proposal to the steam generating unit NSPS, EPA proposed several amendments designed to minimize the continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) burden for sources subject to both the NSPS under 40 CFR part 60 and the acid rain regulations under 40 CFR part 75 (70 FR 9720). The intent of these proposed amendments is to address the inconsistent and duplicative CEM requirements in the two rules while still maintaining the integrity of the separate NSPS and acid rain programs. EPA received five comment letters on these proposed amendments. The comments were generally supportive of the amendments, but due to the need for additional internal EPA review, EPA did not include the CEM protocol amendments with the other steam generating unit NSPS amendments that were promulgated on February 27, 2006. EPA intends to include the final CEM requirement amendments with the final action of this reconsideration. A detailed description of the proposed amendments to the CEM requirements is available in the docket. II. Proposed Amendments EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR part 60, subparts D, Da, Db, and Dc to clarify the intent for applying and implementing specific rule requirements and to correct unintentional technical omissions and editorial errors. A summary of the proposed substantive amendments to the NSPS for steam generating units and the rationale for these amendments are presented below. In addition, EPA is proposing to republish 40 CFR 60.17 (Incorporations by reference) and subparts D, Da, Db, and Dc in their entirety. The proposed amendments include updating 40 CFR 60.17 to be consistent with the recent formatting style used in subpart KKKK of 40 CFR part 60 and revising the wording and writing style to be more consistent across all the NSPS subparts applicable to steam generating units. EPA does not intend for these editorial revisions to substantively change any of E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6322 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules the technical or administrative requirements of the subparts and has concluded that these do not do so. The various subparts were promulgated at different times and, therefore, vary somewhat in style. EPA has concluded that it is appropriate at this time to reconcile these various styles in order to provide consistency across the subparts. To the extent that the editorial revisions do effect any unintended substantive changes, EPA will correct the problem in taking final action on the proposed rule. The docket for this rulemaking (Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2005– 0031) contains complete redline/strikeout versions of each subpart, which allows direct comparison of all of the proposed amended rule text with the existing rule text. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL A. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart D 1. Alternative Emissions Standards Subpart D of 40 CFR part 60 establishes nitrogen oxides (NOX), SO2, and PM emission standards for steam generating units that began construction between August 17, 1971 and September 18, 1978. Continuous compliance with these emissions standards is determined by comparison of the applicable emissions limit to the actual NOX and SO2 emissions measured by CEMS and averaged over three contiguous 1-hour periods. When subpart D was originally developed, the NOX standards were achievable with the use of available combustion controls, and the SO2 standards were achievable by burning low-sulfur fuels. EPA has concluded some of the electric utility steam generating units presently subject to subpart D will install additional postcombustion controls because they are subject to NOX and SO2 emissions standards implemented by other air programs after subpart D was promulgated. In many cases, compliance with these other NOX and SO2 standards is based on 30-day or longer rolling averages instead of the 3hour averaging period used for the subpart D standards. For example, a coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit subject to both the subpart D NSPS and the Regional Haze Regulations must meet: (1) A 3-hour average SO2 emission of 1.2 pounds per million Btu of heat input (lb/MMBtu) and (2) the Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) presumptive 30-day rolling average SO2 emissions limit of 0.15 lb/MMBtu or 95 percent reduction in potential emissions. This requires the owners and operators of the units subject to both subpart D and BART to VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 collect and record data and perform compliance determinations for two different averaging periods. EPA is proposing to allow owners and operators of steam generating units subject to subpart D to elect to comply with the NOX and SO2 standards for modified units under subpart Da. These standards are based on 30-day rolling averages and would be an alternative to meeting the existing applicable 3-hour average NOX and SO2 standards in subpart D. Adding these alternative 30day average NOX and SO2 standards to subpart D would simplify the compliance requirements and add fuel choice flexibility. Since averaging time is an important consideration when selecting the numerical level for an emissions standard, the limits EPA is proposing as an alternative to the existing 3-hour average based standards are significantly lower and represent emissions levels achieved by electric utility steam generating units retrofitted with post-combustion controls. As an alternative to the existing 3-hour average subpart D SO2 standard of 0.8 or 1.2 lb/MMBtu (depending on fuel type burned), EPA is proposing to allow a SO2 fuel neutral emissions limit of 1.4 pounds per megawatts hour of output (lb/MWh), 0.15 lb/MMBtu, or 90 percent reduction of potential SO2 emissions based on a 30-day rolling average. This emissions limit could be applied to any electric utility steam generating unit subject to subpart D regardless of the type of fuel burned. For the NOX emissions limit, EPA is proposing a fuel neutral 30-day rolling average emissions limit of 1.4 lb/MWh or 0.15 lb/MMBtu as an alternative to the existing subpart D 3-hour NOX emissions limits of 0.2 to 0.8 lb/MMBtu (depending on the type of fuel burned). To use the alternative standards, an owner or operator would request permission from the EPA Administrator for the affected source to begin complying with the alternative 30-day average NOX and SO2 standards. After demonstrating initial compliance with the 30-day average standards, the 30-day average standards would apply to the source for the remainder of the operating life of the unit. The decision to comply with the alternative 30-day average NOX and SO2 emissions standards would be a one-time and irreversible decision, i.e., an owner or operator would not be allowed to switch between complying with the 3-hour average standards and the 30-day rolling average standards. For owners and operators who decide to continue to demonstrate compliance based on the 3hour rolling average standards, PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 demonstrating that a unit achieved the 30-day average standards does not remove the obligation to demonstrate continuous compliance with the 3-hour average based standards. 2. Alternative PM CEMS Monitoring The amendments to subpart Da in 40 CFR part 60, promulgated on February 27, 2006, allow affected owners and operators of electric utility steam generating units subject to subpart Da to install and operate a CEMS that measures PM as an alternative to continuously monitoring opacity. EPA is proposing that the same alternative monitoring provisions be added to subpart D. EPA has concluded that since PM CEMS measure the pollutant of primary interest they provide adequate assurance of PM control device performance, and continuous opacity monitoring is an unnecessary burden to affected sources using PM CEMS. 3. Alternate Carbon Monoxide Monitoring for Oil-Fired Steam Generating Units Under subpart D, all affected electric utility steam generating units (including those that only burn natural gas) are subject to PM and visible emissions limit standards. Steam generating units burning gaseous fuels do not require a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS), but all other affected facilities burning liquid or solid fuels are required to continuously monitor opacity. Opacity readings from the COMS are not only used to determine compliance with the opacity standard, but also serve as a continuous indicator of PM emission levels. Elevated opacity levels are often indications of operating problems with the PM control device and/or poor combustion. In general, the level of filterable PM emissions from oil-fired steam generating units is a function of the completeness of fuel combustion as well as the ash content in the oil. Distillate oil contains negligible ash content, so the filterable PM emissions from distillate oil-fired steam generating units are primarily comprised of carbon particles resulting from incomplete combustion of the oil. Residual oil contains larger amounts of ash (as much as 0.2 percent) and additional PM results from the formation of coke, black smoke (soot), and sulfates. Coke is comprised of larger particles and results from poor atomization of the fuel; soot results from incomplete fuel combustion. The larger coke particles comprise the majority of the mass of PM emissions, but are not highly visible. Smaller black smoke particles are comprised of fine particulate carbon and E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules have relatively little mass, but have maximum visibility (opacity) impacts. Therefore, opacity for oil-fired steam generating units is not always a reliable indicator of the total mass of PM emissions. Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from oil-fired steam generating units depend on the combustion efficiency of the fuel. The presence of CO in the exhaust gases from an oil-fired steam generating unit results principally from incomplete fuel combustion, and is an indicator of the levels of both PM and organic compound emissions, and that a unit is being operated improperly or not being well maintained. Furthermore, the PM emissions from oil-fired steam generating units are related to the sulfur content of the oil. Naturally low sulfur crude oil and desulfurized oils are higher quality fuels and exhibit lower viscosity and reduced asphaltene, ash, and sulfur content, which results in better atomization and improved overall combustion properties. To provide additional flexibility and decrease the compliance burden on affected facilities, EPA is requesting comments on whether oil-fired steam generating units should be permitted to continuously monitoring CO as an alternative to continuously monitoring opacity. Many oil-fired steam generating units subject to subpart D are able to achieve the PM emissions limit without the use of post-combustion PM controls (e.g., electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or fabric filter). For these units, opacity levels are primarily determined by the combustion efficiency of the steam generating units. Since CO emissions are also a direct function of the combustion efficiency, EPA has concluded that either opacity or CO emissions can be used as reliable indicators of PM emissions levels from oil-fired steam generating units not using PM or CO post-combustion controls. Additionally, in situations where an oil-fired steam generating unit is using a wet scrubber and opacity monitoring using COMS is not feasible due to the water vapor in the gas stream exiting the control device, continuous CO monitoring provides an alternative means for monitoring PM emissions. The alternative would not apply to oilfired steam generating units using an ESP or fabric filter for PM control or a CO catalyst to reduce CO emissions. Opacity can be used by operators to identify problems with the PM control equipment, and post-combustion PM and CO controls alter the relationship between CO and PM emissions. If this alternative is added to subpart D, owners and operators of affected oilfired steam generating units without VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 post-combustion technologies to reduce PM, SO2, or CO (except a wet scrubber) would be able to elect to install and operate a CO CEMS in place of a COMS. The owner or operator would be required to periodically review the CO emissions measurements from the CEMS. If the CO emissions level exceeds a specified threshold or action level, the owner or operator would need to initiate investigation of the relevant combustion controls or equipment upon first discovery of the elevated CO emissions incident and, if necessary, take corrective action to adjust or repair the combustion controls or equipment to return the steam generating unit operation to CO emissions levels below the action level. To select a CO value for the action value, EPA reviewed CO emissions data and CO emissions limits established by State air permits and for existing oilfired steam generating units. Based on this review, EPA concluded that daily average CO emissions levels below 0.15 lb/MMBtu are representative of the levels of CO emissions achievable by properly operated and maintained oilfired steam generating units. Thus, for this alternative EPA proposes to use a daily average CO emissions level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as the action level above which corrective action would be required. EPA is requesting comment on whether this is an appropriate level or whether a different level and/or averaging time should be used. The fuel characteristics of distillate oil and low sulfur oils result in inherently lower PM emissions. EPA is proposing the CO monitoring alternative be restricted to only those steam generating units burning distillate oil and residual oil that contains no more than 0.30 percent sulfur. As another option, since distillate oil containing no more than 0.05 weight percent sulfur (500 parts per million (ppm) S) has relatively low emissions, should steam generating units burning 500 ppm S distillate oil exclusively or in combination with gaseous fuels be exempt from the COMS requirement, while all other oil-fired facilities would still be required to install COMS? Finally, should the CO level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu be established as a CO emissions limit or as a deviation that triggers corrective action? If exceeding the CO level is a deviation requiring the owner or operator to take corrective action, what percent of the time should an affected source be allowed to exceed the CO action level before it is considered a potential violation? As an alternative, since monitoring CO provides equivalent or superior protection to the environment as PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6323 monitoring opacity, would it be appropriate to exempt oil-fired steam generating units monitoring CO emissions from the opacity standard completely? If oil-fired steam generating units were exempt from the opacity standard, the CO level would be established as a CO emissions limit and any exceedance above the level during operation would be a potential violation. Draft language EPA is considering is available in the docket. B. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Da 1. Applicability EPA is proposing language to clarify the applicability of subpart Da to electric utility steam generating units to clearly state the intent of the amendments published on February 27, 2006. EPA is revising 40 CFR 60.40Da to clarify that integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) facilities are subject to subpart Da, and not the stationary combustion turbine NSPS, subpart KKKK, 40 CFR part 60. 2. Compliance Procedures Compliance with the PM emissions limits in subpart Da is determined by conducting performance tests, unless the owner or operator elects to demonstrate compliance using PM CEMS. During the performance test, the owner or operator also establishes opacity and appropriate control device operating parameter limits based on the actual values measured during the test. Following the performance test, the owner or operator continuously monitors opacity and the selected operating parameters with respect to the established limits. An owner or operator of an affected steam generating unit using an ESP must monitor voltage and secondary current; while affected sources using a fabric filter must install and monitor bag leak detectors. If the threshold values are exceeded, the owner or operator is required to perform a new performance test to demonstrate that the affected source is still in compliance with the applicable emissions limit. The PM not collected by an ESP and emitted in the ESP exhaust gas stream has a relatively constant size distribution, which does not change significantly as the ESP performance changes. Consequently, ESP opacity variations from the baseline established during the performance test reflect changes in PM mass emissions. For fabric filters, the opacity and PM relationship is not as constant. An increase in PM emissions from a fabric filter can occur from holes developing E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6324 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules in the bags. This results in a size distribution change of the particles being emitted in the fabric filter exhaust gas stream. Since the particles going through the holes are the same size distribution as the inlet particles (not just the fine diameter particles that escape capture and pass through the bag filter material) PM mass emissions from a fabric filter can increase substantially with little impact on opacity. For fabric filters, bag leak detectors are more sensitive to increases in PM emissions than opacity. EPA is soliciting comment on whether opacity, in conjunction with either monitoring ESP parameters or using fabric filter bag leak detectors, are adequate and the appropriate monitoring parameters for demonstrating continuous proper operation of the PM control device. If not, what parameters should be monitored, and what percent deviation from the baseline is appropriate? EPA is specifically asking if the 110 percent of the baseline opacity value measured during the performance test is an appropriate indicator of the need for a new performance test. Would it be appropriate to add a 5 percent allowable deviation (on a 30-day rolling average) above the baseline opacity or set a lower indicator limit of 5 percent per clock hour regardless of the opacity value measured during the PM performance test? Since facilities using fabric filters generally have low opacity emissions, an hourly opacity limit of 5 percent would apply for them. In contrast, facilities using ESP to control PM emissions tend to have higher opacity emissions, and would still be able to establish a baseline opacity. To monitor the performance of an ESP, are voltage and secondary current appropriate additional parameters to monitor, and is the 10 percent deviation from the baseline an appropriate amount of variation to trigger a new performance test? As an alternative to establishing a baseline voltage and secondary current, should daily use of an ESP predictive performance computer model be required? One advantage of using a predictive ESP model is that ESP performance is impacted by the properties of the ash. Without using a model that accounts for both the ash characteristics (amount and resistivity) and the ESP operating parameters, voltage and secondary current cannot be directly correlated to PM emissions. If use of a predictive ESP model was added, an affected facility would be required to establish the model parameters during each performance test and then use daily average ash characteristics and ESP VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 parameters to determine if a new performance test has been triggered. Also, since ash characteristics vary significantly even within the same coal type, EPA is considering requiring that the baseline be re-determined (or model parameters adjusted) each time the affected facility changes the ratio of fuels used or takes delivery from a new coal mine or supplier. In addition, to monitor the performance of a fabric filter, is a 5 percent bag leak detector alarm rate on a 30-day rolling basis an appropriate trigger for a performance test? EPA is also proposing to shorten the time period required to conduct the ‘‘triggered’’ performance test from 60 days to 45 operating days. Should the period be further shortened to 30 operating days from the day of the initial exceedance, or is 60 operating days appropriate? steam generating units subject to subpart D as discussed in Section A.3 of this notice instead of using a COMS? If EPA adopts this provision, the affected source using a CO CEMS in place of a COMS would be subject to the same daily CO action level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as would be applied to affected sources subject to subpart D. Similar to units with PM CEMS, the 20 percent opacity standard would still apply to the source, but opacity would not be required to be continuously monitored. Since residual oil-fired steam generating units generally require post-combustion controls to achieve the PM standard in subpart Da, in practice EPA would expect that only owners and operators of distillate oil-fired units and residual oil-fired units using wet scrubbers would elect to use this alternative. 3. Alternate Carbon Monoxide Monitoring for Oil-Fired Steam Generating Units One technical error EPA is correcting is the continuous opacity monitoring requirements for oil-fired steam generating units subject to subparts Da, Db, and Dc. Affected industrial, commercial, and institutional steam generating units burning only low sulfur oil have relatively low filterable particulate matter (PM) emissions and are exempt from the PM standard, but still must continuously monitor opacity. For these units, opacity serves both as an emissions limit on visible emissions and as an indicator that the steam generating unit and associated air pollution controls are being properly maintained and operated. The intent of the amendments was to maintain the PM exemption for affected facilities burning low sulfur oil and therefore not require an initial PM performance test. It was not the intent of the amendments to eliminate continuous opacity monitoring for these facilities without first requesting public comment. Subpart Da requires all affected existing oil-fired steam generating units to demonstrate compliance with the PM standard through a performance test and installation of a COMS to monitor visible emissions. Similar to subpart D, EPA is requesting comment on whether affected steam generating units burning distillate oil containing less than 0.05 weight percent sulfur (500 ppm S) should be exempt from the COMS requirement. As an alternative, should EPA permit low sulfur oil-fired subpart Da affected facilities without PM, SO2, or CO post-combustion controls (except a wet scrubber) to be allowed to use the same CO monitoring alternative for For owners and operators of affected electric utility steam generating units electing to use PM CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with the applicable PM emissions limit, EPA is proposing a phased data availability requirement. Initially, PM CEMS hourly averages would be required to be obtained for a minimum of 75 percent of all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis. Beginning on January 1, 2012, valid PM CEMS hourly averages would be required for a minimum of 90 percent of all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis; this value is consistent with the recently amended 90 percent data availability requirement in subpart Da for NOX and SO2 CEMS. EPA is also requesting comments on the proper emissions averaging time for units electing to use PM CEMS. EPA is proposing to maintain that PM emissions be averaged over each operating day, but is requesting comments on whether, alternatively, this average should be on an 8-hour, 24hour, 30-day, or other appropriate rolling average period. Longer averaging times allow for more stable emission rates and tend toward a lower standard. Shorter averaging times introduce more variability in emission rates and tend toward higher standards. EPA requests that each commenter provide an appropriate emission standard for use with any suggested alternate averaging time. PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 4. Alternative PM CEMS Monitoring C. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Db 1. Emissions Standards EPA is proposing that steam generating units subject to subpart Db that burn natural gas or coke oven gas E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (COG) be exempt from the PM emissions standard. Both natural gas and COGfired steam generating units do not use post-combustion PM controls, and have inherently low PM emissions. As a result, the PM performance test results in limited environmental benefit. EPA is also proposing to revise the procedure used to grant site-specific NOX limits under 40 CFR 60.44b. Only a limited number of site-specific limits have been granted under this provision in the past 20 years. Currently, EPA amends subpart Db by a formal notice and comment rulemaking when granting a site-specific limit. To simplify the procedure and reduce administrative burden, EPA is proposing to grant sitespecific NOX limits by sending a letter to the facility owner or operator detailing the site-specific limit and publishing that letter in EPA’s applicability determination index. 2. Units Burning Coke Oven Gas Because of the specific characteristics of the steel industry, EPA is proposing to allow a 30-day exceedance per year from the SO2 emission limit for steam generating units burning COG exclusively or in combination with other gaseous fuels or distillate oil. COG desulfurization facilities require periodic maintenance, but the coking process continues during this time, and it is cost prohibitive to store the COG. Coke-making facilities would either have to install a second desulfurization unit or flare the COG and burn natural gas during the maintenance period. Of these two options, the least cost option would be to flare the COG and use natural gas during the annual maintenance. This would result in both increased cost to the steel industry and NOX emissions without achieving any reductions in SO2. State permitting authorities have recognized this and have included similar exemptions in their permits. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 3. Compliance Procedures EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR 60.49b(r) to add a detailed procedure for affected facilities complying with the fuel based limit. 4. Alternate Opacity Monitoring Since COG-fired steam generating units have filterable PM emissions similar to natural gas, EPA is proposing to exempt industrial-commercialinstitutional steam generating units burning COG from the COM requirement. Under subpart Db, 40 CFR part 60, affected facilities burning coal (except COG), wood, and oil (other than very low sulfur oil) are subject to the PM VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 standard. All coal (except COG), wood, and oil-fired affected facilities are subject to the opacity standard, and are required to install a COMS. Consistent with the CO monitoring alternative for steam generating units subject to subparts D or Da as discussed in Section A.3 of this notice, EPA is proposing to exempt affected industrial-commercialinstitutional steam generating units not using post-combustion technology to reduce SO2 or PM emissions and burning only distillate oil containing no greater than 0.05 weight percent (500 ppm) sulfur and low sulfur gasified fuels (desulfurized gasified coal and gasified wood) from the COMS requirements in subpart Db. The filterable PM emissions from sources burning low sulfur distillate are inherently low (less than 0.02 lb/ MMBtu), and this change would provide flexibility for natural gas-fired steam generating units to burn distillate oil as a backup fuel without having to install and operate a COMS. As an alternative, should EPA permit low sulfur (less than 0.30 weight percent sulfur) affected oilfired units not using post-combustion technology (except a wet scrubber) to reduce emissions of SO2, PM, or CO to install a CO CEMS in place of a COMS? EPA is considering using the same daily CO action level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as would be applied to affected sources subject to subpart D or Da. The industrial boiler MACT requires new oil-fired units to monitor CO; allowing this alternate monitoring would reduce the burden on the regulated community while still providing adequate environmental protection. D. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Dc 1. Emissions Standards EPA is proposing that industrialcommercial-institutional steam generating units subject to subpart Dc that burn natural gas or low-sulfur oil be exempt from the PM emissions standard. This amendment reflects EPA’s intent for applying the PM emissions limits to industrialcommercial-institutional steam generating units subject to subpart Dc, and would be consistent with the exemption from the PM emissions limits allowed for units subject to Dc that were constructed before February 28, 2005. 2. Compliance Procedures EPA is proposing to clarify the fuel recordkeeping requirements in 40 CFR 60.48c(g). Owners or operators of steam generating units combusting only natural gas, wood, and distillate oil containing less than 0.5 weight percent PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6325 sulfur may elect to record fuel usage amounts on a monthly instead of daily basis. In addition, owners or operators of steam generating units with maximum heat input capacities of less than 30 MMBtu/hr and combusting coal and residual oil may elect to record the amounts of fuels combusted each calendar month. EPA has concluded that allowing monthly fuel usage monitoring for these steam generating units provides adequate assurance of compliance, as well as minimizing the burden to affected facilities. EPA is considering and requesting comments on whether owners or operators of multiple steam generating units located on a contiguous property facility where the only fuels combusted in any steam generating unit located on that property are natural gas, wood, and distillate oil containing no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur should have the option to elect to only record the total amounts of fuels delivered to the property each calendar month instead of the amount combusted at each affected facility. Draft language EPA is requesting comment on for a potential 40 CFR 60.48c(g)(3) is as follows: ‘‘(3) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility or multiple affected facilities located on a contiguous property unit where the only fuels combusted in any steam generating unit (including steam generating units not subject to this subpart) at that property are natural gas, wood, distillate oil meeting the most current requirements in § 60.42c to use fuel certification to demonstrate compliance with the SO2 standard, and/or fuels, excluding coal and residual oil, not subject to an emissions standard (excluding opacity) may elect to record and maintain records of the total amount of each steam generating unit fuel delivered to that property during each calendar month.’’ This alternative would be restricted to properties where no coal or residual oil is combusted in any steam generating unit located at that property. In addition, the alternative would require that all distillate oil-fired steam generating units located on the property (including those not subject to subpart Dc) only combust distillate oil containing no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur. If subpart Dc is amended in the future to require the use of lower sulfur distillate oil, all steam generating units located at that property would have to switch to the lower sulfur distillate oil for the owner or operator to elect to use this alternative. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6326 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 3. Alternate Opacity Monitoring B. Paperwork Reduction Act C. Regulatory Flexibility Act Under subpart Dc, 40 CFR part 60, affected steam generating units burning coal, wood, and oil containing more than 0.5 weight percent sulfur are subject to the PM standard. All coal, wood, and oil-fired affected facilities are subject to the opacity standard, but affected facilities burning distillate oil containing less than 0.5 weight percent sulfur are exempt from the COM requirement. EPA is proposing that owners and operators of affected steam generating units burning desulfurized gasified coal and gasified wood and not using post-combustion PM or SO2 controls be exempt from continuously monitoring opacity. Should the exemption be limited to fuels with potential SO2 emissions less than 26 nanograms per Joule heat input (0.06 lb/ MMBtu), or should a different potential sulfur limit be required? Sources supporting this exemption should provide emissions data demonstrating that uncontrolled PM emissions are consistently below 0.030 lb/MMBtu. These facilities would still be subject to the PM emission limit and opacity standard, but exempt from the COMS requirement. Finally, should affected steam generating units burning residual oil containing less than 0.5 weight percent sulfur and/or desulfurized gasified coal and gasified wood have the option of monitoring CO emissions in place of opacity consistent with the CO monitoring alternative for steam generating units subject to subpart D as discussed in Section A.3 of this notice? EPA is requesting comment on whether residual oil-fired steam generating units subject to subpart Dc should be able to elect to install a CO CEMS and maintain daily average CO emission below a level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu in place of the COMS requirement. This would reduce the compliance burden for sources already monitoring CO emissions (due to the boiler MACT or other regulation) and still provide adequate environmental protection. This action does not impose any new information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. The proposed amendments result in no changes to the information collection requirements of the existing standards of performance and would have no impact on the information collection estimate of projected cost and hour burden made and approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) during the development of the existing standards of performance. Therefore, the information collection requests have not been amended. OMB has previously approved the information collection requirements contained in the existing standards of performance (40 CFR part 60, subparts Da, Db, and Dc) under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., at the time the standards were promulgated on June 11, 1979 (40 CFR part 60, subpart Da, 44 FR 33580), November 25, 1986 (40 CFR part 60, subpart Db, 51 FR 42768), and September 12, 1990 (40 CFR part 60, subpart Dc, 55 FR 37674). OMB assigned OMB control numbers 2060– 0023 (ICR 1053.07) for 40 CFR part 60, subpart Da, 2060–0072 (ICR 1088.10) for 40 CFR part 60, subpart Db, 2060–0202 (ICR 1564.06) for 40 CFR part 60, subpart Dc. Copies of the information collection request document(s) may be obtained from Susan Auby by mail at U.S. EPA, Office of Environmental Information, Collection. Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by persons to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or provide information to or for a Federal agency. This includes the time needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any previously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; complete and review the collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. OMB control numbers for EPA’s regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9. The Regulatory Flexibility Act generally requires an agency to prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to notice and comment rulemaking requirements under the Administrative Procedure Act or any other statute unless the agency certifies that the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Small entities include small businesses, small organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions. For purposes of assessing the impacts of the proposed amendments on small entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A small business as defined by the Small Business Administration’s regulations at 13 CFR 121.201; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government of a city, county, town, school district or special district with a population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is any not-forprofit enterprise which is independently owned and operated and is not dominant in its field. After considering the economic impacts of this proposed rule on small entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Although this proposed rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities, EPA nonetheless has tried to reduce the impact of this rule on small entities. EPA is proposing to reduce the fuel usage recordkeeping requirement for subpart Dc facilities. In addition, EPA is taking comment on minimizing the continuous opacity monitoring requirements for oil-fired facilities. EPA has, therefore, concluded that this proposed rule will relieve regulatory burden for all affected small entities. EPA continues to be interested in the potential impacts of the proposed rule on small entities and welcome comments on issues related to such impacts. III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review This action is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ under the terms of Executive Order (EO) 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and is, therefore, not subject to review under the EO. EPA has concluded that the amendments EPA is requesting additional comments on will not change the costs or benefits of the rule. VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public Law 104–4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, EPA generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-benefit analysis, for proposed and final rules with ‘‘Federal mandates’’ that may result in expenditures to State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 million E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL or more in any one year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for which a written statement is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally requires EPA to identify and consider a reasonable number of regulatory alternatives and adopt the least costly, most costeffective or least burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives of the rule. The provisions of section 205 do not apply when they are inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover, section 205 allows EPA to adopt an alternative other than the least costly, most cost-effective or least burdensome alternative if the Administrator publishes with the final rule an explanation why that alternative was not adopted. Before EPA establishes any regulatory requirements that may significantly or uniquely affect small governments, including tribal governments, it must have developed under section 203 of the UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan must provide for notifying potentially affected small governments, enabling officials of affected small governments to have meaningful and timely input in the development of EPA regulatory proposals with significant Federal intergovernmental mandates, and informing, educating, and advising small governments on compliance with the regulatory requirements. EPA has determined that the proposed amendments will contain no Federal mandates that may result in expenditures of $100 million or more for State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or the private sector in any 1 year. Thus, the proposed amendments are not subject to the requirements of section 202 and 205 of the UMRA. In addition, EPA determined that the proposed amendments contain no regulatory requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect small governments because the burden is small and the regulation does not unfairly apply to small governments. Therefore, the proposed amendments are not subject to the requirements of section 203 of the UMRA. E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism Executive Order 13132, entitled ‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999), requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ‘‘meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory policies that have federalism implications.’’ ‘‘Policies that have federalism implications’’ is defined in the Executive Order to include regulations that have ‘‘substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.’’ The proposed amendments do not have federalism implications. They will not have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132. The proposed amendments will not impose substantial direct compliance costs on State or local governments; it will not preempt State law. Thus, Executive Order 13132 does not apply to the proposed amendments. F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments Executive Order 13175, entitled ‘‘Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments’’ (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ‘‘meaningful and timely input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory policies that have tribal implications.’’ The proposed amendments do not have tribal implications, as specified in Executive Order 13175. The proposed amendments will not have substantial direct effects on tribal governments, on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal government and Indian tribes. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to the proposed amendments. G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health and Safety Risks Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) applies to any rule that: (1) Is determined to be ‘‘economically significant’’ as defined under Executive Order 12866, and (2) concerns an environmental health or safety risk that EPA has reason to believe may have a disproportionate effect on children. If the regulatory action meets both criteria, the Agency must evaluate the environmental health or safety effects of the planned rule on children, and explain why the planned regulation is preferable to other potentially effective and reasonably feasible alternatives considered by the Agency. This proposed action is not subject to the Executive Order because it is not economically significant as defined under Executive Order 12866, and because EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those regulatory actions that are based on health or safety risks, such that the PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6327 analysis required under section 5–501 of the Order has the potential to influence the regulation. The proposed amendments are based on technology performance and not on health or safety risks and, therefore, are not subject to Executive Order 13045. H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use This proposed action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) because it is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866. I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Public Law 104– 113, Section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note) directs us to use voluntary consensus standards in our regulatory activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical standards (e.g., material specifications, test methods, sampling procedures, business practices) developed or adopted by one or more voluntary consensus bodies. The NTTAA directs us to provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when EPA decides not use available and applicable voluntary consensus standards. This action does not involve any new technical standards or the incorporation by reference of existing technical standards. Therefore, the consideration of voluntary consensus standards is not relevant to this action. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60 Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Dated: January 31, 2007. Stephen L. Johnson, Administrator. For the reasons stated in the preamble, title 40, chapter I, part 60, of the Code of the Federal Regulations is proposed to be amended as follows: PART 60—[AMENDED] 1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6328 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Subpart A—[Amended] 2. Section 60.17 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows: § 60.17 Incorporation by Reference rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL * * * * * (a) The following materials are available for purchase from at least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, Post Office Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959; or ProQuest, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. (1) ASTM A99–76, 82 (Reapproved 1987), Standard Specification for Ferromanganese, incorporation by reference (IBR) approved for § 60.261. (2) ASTM A100–69, 74, 93, Standard Specification for Ferrosilicon, IBR approved for § 60.261. (3) ASTM A101–73, 93, Standard Specification for Ferrochromium, IBR approved for § 60.261. (4) ASTM A482–76, 93, Standard Specification for Ferrochromesilicon, IBR approved for § 60.261. (5) ASTM A483–64, 74 (Reapproved 1988), Standard Specification for Silicomanganese, IBR approved for § 60.261. (6) ASTM A495–76, 94, Standard Specification for Calcium-Silicon and Calcium Manganese-Silicon, IBR approved for § 60.261. (7) ASTM D86–78, 82, 90, 93, 95, 96, Distillation of Petroleum Products, IBR approved for §§ 60.562–2(d), 60.593(d), and 60.633(h). (8) ASTM D129–64, 78, 95, 00, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.106(j)(2), 60.335(b)(10)(i), and Appendix A: Method 19, 12.5.2.2.3. (9) ASTM D129–00 (Reapproved 2005), Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method), IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). (10) ASTM D240–92, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for § 60.46(c). (11) ASTM D240–76, 92, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for § 60.296(b) and Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.2.3. (12) ASTM D270–65, 75, Standard Method of Sampling Petroleum and Petroleum Products, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.2.1. (13) ASTM D323–82, 94, Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 Products (Reid Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.111(l), 60.111a(g), 60.111b(g), and 60.116b(f)(2)(ii). (14) ASTM D388–99 (Reapproved 2004) e 1, Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR approved for §§ 60.41(g) of subpart D of this part, 60.45(f)(4)(i), 60.45(f)(4)(ii), 60.45(f)(4)(vi), 60.41Da of subpart Da of this part, and 60.41b of subpart Db of this part, 60.41c of subpart Dc of this part. (15) ASTM D388–77, 90, 91, 95, 98a, Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR approved for 60.251(b) and (c) of subpart Y of this part. (16) ASTM D388–77, 90, 91, 95, 98a, 99 (Reapproved 2004) e 1, Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR approved for §§ 60.24(h)(8), and 60.4102. (17) ASTM D396–98, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils, IBR approved for §§ 60.41b of subpart Db of this part and 60.41c of subpart Dc of this part. (18) ASTM D396–78, 89, 90, 92, 96, 98, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils, IBR approved for 60.111(b) of subpart K of this part and 60.111a(b) of subpart Ka of this part. (19) ASTM D975–78, 96, 98a, Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils, IBR approved for §§ 60.111(b) of subpart K of this part and 60.111a(b) of subpart Ka of this part. (20) ASTM D1072–80, 90 (Reapproved 1994), Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(ii). (21) ASTM D1072–90 (Reapproved 1999), Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (22) ASTM D1137–75, Standard Method for Analysis of Natural Gases and Related Types of Gaseous Mixtures by the Mass Spectrometer, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i). (23) ASTM D1193–77, 91, Standard Specification for Reagent Water, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 5, Section 7.1.3; Method 5E, Section 7.2.1; Method 5F, Section 7.2.1; Method 6, Section 7.1.1; Method 7, Section 7.1.1; Method 7C, Section 7.1.1; Method 7D, Section 7.1.1; Method 10A, Section 7.1.1; Method 11, Section 7.1.3; Method 12, Section 7.1.3; Method 13A, Section 7.1.2; Method 26, Section 7.1.2; Method 26A, Section 7.1.2; and Method 29, Section 7.2.2. (24) ASTM D1266–87, 91, 98, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.106(j)(2) and 60.335(b)(10)(i). PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 (25) ASTM D1266–98 (Reapproved 2003) e 1, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method), IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). (26) ASTM D1475–60 (Reapproved 1980), 90, Standard Test Method for Density of Paint, Varnish Lacquer, and Related Products, IBR approved for § 60.435(d)(1), Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.1; and Method 24A, Sections 6.5 and 7.1. (27) ASTM D1552–83, 95, 01, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-Temperature Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.106(j)(2), 60.335(b)(10)(i), and Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.2.3. (28) ASTM D1552–03, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-Temperature Method), IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). (29) ASTM D1826–94, Standard Test Method for Calorific Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter, IBR approved for §§ 60.45(f)(5)(ii) and 60.46(c)(2). (30) ASTM D1826–77, 94, Standard Test Method for Calorific Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter, IBR approved for § 60.296(b)(3) and Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.3.2.4. (31) ASTM D1835–03a, Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, IBR approved for § 60.41Da of subpart Da of this part, 60.41b of subpart Db of this part, and 60.41c of subpart Dc of this part. (32) ASTM D1945–96, Standard Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i). (33) ASTM D1946–77, 90 (Reapproved 1994), Standard Method for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for §§ 60.18(f)(3), 60.564(f)(1), 60.614(e)(2)(ii), 60.614(e)(4), 60.664(e)(2)(ii), 60.664(e)(4), 60.704(d)(2)(ii), and 60.704(d)(4). (34) ASTM D1946–90 (Reapproved 1994), Standard Method for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i). (35) ASTM D2013–72, 86, Standard Method of Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (36) ASTM D2015–96, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Solid Fuel by the Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for §§ 60.45(f)(5)(ii) and 60.46(c)(2). (37) ASTM D2015–77 (Reapproved 1978), 96, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Solid Fuel by the Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter, IBR E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (38) ASTM D2016–74, 83, Standard Test Methods for Moisture Content of Wood, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 28, Section 16.1.1. (39) ASTM D2234–76, 96, 97b, 98, Standard Methods for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.1. (40) ASTM D2369–81, 87, 90, 92, 93, 95, Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.2. (41) ASTM D2382–76, 88, Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (High-Precision Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.18(f)(3), 60.485(g)(6), 60.564(f)(3), 60.614(e)(4), 60.664(e)(4), and 60.704(d)(4). (42) ASTM D2504–67, 77, 88 (Reapproved 1993), Noncondensable Gases in C3 and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for § 60.485(g)(5). (43) ASTM D2584–68 (Reapproved 1985), 94, Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins, IBR approved for § 60.685(c)(3)(i). (44) ASTM D2597–94 (Reapproved 1999), Standard Test Method for Analysis of Demethanized Hydrocarbon Liquid Mixtures Containing Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(9)(i). (45) ASTM D2622–87, 94, 98, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,’’ IBR approved for §§ 60.106(j)(2) and 60.335(b)(10)(i). (46) ASTM D2622–05, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive XRay Fluorescence Spectrometry,’’ IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). (47) ASTM D2879–83, 96, 97, Test Method for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by Isoteniscope, IBR approved for §§ 60.111b(f)(3), 60.116b(e)(3)(ii), 60.116b(f)(2)(i), and 60.485(e)(1). (48) ASTM D2880–78, 96, Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils, IBR approved for §§ 60.111(b), 60.111a(b), and 60.335(d). (49) ASTM D2908–74, 91, Standard Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography, IBR approved for § 60.564(j). (50) ASTM D2986–71, 78, 95a, Standard Method for Evaluation of Air, Assay Media by the Monodisperse DOP VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (Dioctyl Phthalate) Smoke Test, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 5, Section 7.1.1; Method 12, Section 7.1.1; and Method 13A, Section 7.1.1.2. (51) ASTM D3173–73, 87, Standard Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (52) ASTM D3176–89, Standard Method for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i). (53) ASTM D3176–74, 89, Standard Method for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.3.2.3. (54) ASTM D3177–75, 89, Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (55) ASTM D3178–89, Standard Test Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(i). (56) ASTM D3246–81, 92, 96, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(ii). (57) ASTM D3246–05, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (58) ASTM D3270–73T, 80, 91, 95, Standard Test Methods for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method), IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 13A, Section 16.1. (59) ASTM D3286–85, 96, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (60) ASTM D3370–76, 95a, Standard Practices for Sampling Water, IBR approved for § 60.564(j). (61) ASTM D3792–79, 91, Standard Test Method for Water Content of Water-Reducible Paints by Direct Injection into a Gas Chromatograph, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.3. (62) ASTM D4017–81, 90, 96a, Standard Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials by the Karl Fischer Titration Method, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.4. (63) ASTM D4057–81, 95, Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.2.3. (64) ASTM D4057–95 (Reapproved 2000), Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6329 Products, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1). (65) ASTM D4084–82, 94, Standard Test Method for Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide in Gaseous Fuels (Lead Acetate Reaction Rate Method), IBR approved for § 60.334(h)(1). (66) ASTM D4084–05, Standard Test Method for Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide in Gaseous Fuels (Lead Acetate Reaction Rate Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.4360 and 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (67) ASTM D4177–95, Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.2.1. (68) ASTM D4177–95 (Reapproved 2000), Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1). (69) ASTM D4239–85, 94, 97, Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Methods, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (70) ASTM D4294–02, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by EnergyDispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(i). (71) ASTM D4294–03, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by EnergyDispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). (72) ASTM D4442–84, 92, Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement in Wood and Wood-base Materials, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 28, Section 16.1.1. (73) ASTM D4444–92, Standard Test Methods for Use and Calibration of Hand-Held Moisture Meters, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 28, Section 16.1.1. (74) ASTM D4457–85 (Reapproved 1991), Test Method for Determination of Dichloromethane and 1, 1, 1Trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings by Direct Injection into a Gas Chromatograph, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.5. (75) ASTM D4468–85 (Reapproved 2000), Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry, IBR approved for §§ 60.335(b)(10)(ii) and 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (76) ASTM D4629–02, Standard Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Syringe/ Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemiluminescence Detection, IBR E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6330 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules approved for §§ 60.49b(e) and 60.335(b)(9)(i). (77) ASTM D4809–95, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method), IBR approved for §§ 60.18(f)(3), 60.485(g)(6), 60.564(f)(3), 60.614(d)(4), 60.664(e)(4), and 60.704(d)(4). (78) ASTM D4810–88 (Reapproved 1999), Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Natural Gas Using Length of Stain Detector Tubes, IBR approved for §§ 60.4360 and 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (79) ASTM D5287–97 (Reapproved 2002), Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1). (80) ASTM D5403–93, Standard Test Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation Curable Materials, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 24, Section 6.6. (81) ASTM D5453–00, Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Motor Fuels and Oils by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(i). (82) ASTM D5453–05, Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Motor Fuels and Oils by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(i). (83) ASTM D5504–01, Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Chemiluminescence, IBR approved for §§ 60.334(h)(1) and 60.4360. (84) ASTM D5762–02, Standard Test Method for Nitrogen in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Boat-Inlet Chemiluminescence, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(9)(i). (85) ASTM D5865–98, Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke, IBR approved for § 60.45(f)(5)(ii), 60.46(c)(2), and Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.1.3. (86) ASTM D6216–98, Standard Practice for Opacity Monitor Manufacturers to Certify Conformance with Design and Performance Specifications, IBR approved for Appendix B, Performance Specification 1. (87) ASTM D6228–98, Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection, IBR approved for § 60.334(h)(1). (88) ASTM D6228–98 (Reapproved 2003), Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection, IBR approved for §§ 60.4360 and 60.4415. (89) ASTM D6348–03, Standard Test Method for Determination of Gaseous Compounds by Extractive Direct Interface Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, IBR approved for table 7 of Subpart IIII of this part. (90) ASTM D6366–99, Standard Test Method for Total Trace Nitrogen and Its Derivatives in Liquid Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Combustion and Electrochemical Detection, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(9)(i). (91) ASTM D6522–00, Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, and Oxygen Concentrations in Emissions from Natural Gas-Fired Reciprocating Engines, Combustion Turbines, Boilers, and Process Heaters Using Portable Analyzers, IBR approved for § 60.335(a). (92) ASTM D6667–01, Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, IBR approved for § 60.335(b)(10)(ii). (93) ASTM D6667–04, Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence, IBR approved for § 60.4415(a)(1)(ii). (94) ASTM D6784–02, Standard Test Method for Elemental, Oxidized, Particle-Bound and Total Mercury in Flue Gas Generated from Coal-Fired Stationary Sources (Ontario Hydro Method), IBR approved for Appendix B to part 60, Performance Specification 12A, Section 8.6.2. (95) ASTM E168–67, 77, 92, General Techniques of Infrared Quantitative Analysis, IBR approved for §§ 60.593(b)(2) and 60.632(f). (96) ASTM E169–63, 77, 93, General Techniques of Ultraviolet Quantitative Analysis, IBR approved for §§ 60.593(b)(2) and 60.632(f). (97) ASTM E260–73, 91, 96, General Gas Chromatography Procedures, IBR approved for §§ 60.593(b)(2) and 60.632(f). * * * * * Subpart D—[Amended] 3. Part 60 is amended by revising subpart D to read as follows: Subpart D—Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which Construction is Commenced After August 17, 1971 Sec. 60.40 Applicability and designation of affected facility. PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 60.41 Definitions. 60.42 Standard for particulate matter (PM). 60.43 Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). 60.44 Standard for nitrogen oxides (NOX). 60.45 Emission and fuel monitoring. 60.46 Test methods and procedures. Subpart D—Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which Construction Is Commenced After August 17, 1971 § 60.40 Applicability and designation of affected facility. (a) The affected facilities to which the provisions of this subpart apply are: (1) Each fossil-fuel-fired steam generating unit of more than 73 megawatts (MW) heat input rate (250 million British thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr)). (2) Each fossil-fuel and wood-residuefired steam generating unit capable of firing fossil fuel at a heat input rate of more than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr). (b) Any change to an existing fossilfuel-fired steam generating unit to accommodate the use of combustible materials, other than fossil fuels as defined in this subpart, shall not bring that unit under the applicability of this subpart. (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commenced construction or modification after August 17, 1971, is subject to the requirements of this subpart. (d) The requirements of §§ 60.44 (a)(4), (a)(5), (b) and (d), and 60.45(f)(4)(vi) are applicable to lignitefired steam generating units that commenced construction or modification after December 22, 1976. (e) Any facility covered under subpart Da is not covered under this subpart. § 60.41 Definitions. As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act, and in subpart A of this part. Boiler operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the steam-generating unit. It is not necessary for fuel to be combusted the entire 24-hour period. Fossil-fuel fired steam generating unit means a furnace or boiler used in the process of burning fossil fuel for the purpose of producing steam by heat transfer. Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal, and any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such materials for the purpose of creating useful heat. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Standard for particulate matter (a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases that: (1) Contain PM in excess of 43 nanograms per joule (ng/J) heat input (0.10 lb/MMBtu) derived from fossil fuel or fossil fuel and wood residue. (2) Exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity except for one six-minute period per hour of not more than 27 percent opacity. (b)(1) On or after December 28, 1979, no owner or operator shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the Southwestern Public Service Company’s Harrington Station #1, in Amarillo, TX, any gases which exhibit greater than 35 percent opacity, except that a maximum of 42 percent opacity shall be permitted for not more than 6 minutes in any hour. (2) Interstate Power Company shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from its Lansing Station Unit No. 4 in Lansing, IA, any gases which exhibit greater than 32 percent § 60.43 PSSO2 = rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 y (340) + z (520) (y + z) Where: PSSO2 = Prorated standard for SO2 when burning different fuels simultaneously, in ng/J heat input derived from all fossil fuels; y = Percentage of total heat input derived from liquid fossil; and z = Percentage of total heat input derived from solid fossil fuel. (c) Compliance shall be based on the total heat input from all fossil fuels burned, including gaseous fuels. (d) As an alternate to reporting excess emissions every 3 contiguous one hour periods as required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, an owner or operator can petition the Administrator (in writing) to comply with § 60.43Da(i)(3) of subpart Da of this part. If the Administrator grants the petition, the source will from then on (unless the unit is modified or reconstructed in the future) have to comply with the PSNOX = Where: PSNOX = Prorated standard for NOX when burning different fuels simultaneously, in ng/J heat input derived from all fossil fuels fired or from all fossil fuels and wood residue fired; w = Percentage of total heat input derived from lignite; Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). (a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of: (1) 340 ng/J heat input (0.80 lb/ MMBtu) derived from liquid fossil fuel or liquid fossil fuel and wood residue. (2) 520 ng/J heat input (1.2 lb/MMBtu) derived from solid fossil fuel or solid fossil fuel and wood residue, except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section. (b) When different fossil fuels are burned simultaneously in any combination, the applicable standard (in ng/J) shall be determined by proration using the following formula: § 60.44 (NOX). Standard for nitrogen oxides (a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases that contain NOX, expressed as NO2 in excess of: (1) 86 ng/J heat input (0.20 lb/MMBtu) derived from gaseous fossil fuel. (2) 129 ng/J heat input (0.30 lb/ MMBtu) derived from liquid fossil fuel, liquid fossil fuel and wood residue, or gaseous fossil fuel and wood residue. (3) 300 ng/J heat input (0.70 lb/ MMBtu) derived from solid fossil fuel or solid fossil fuel and wood residue (except lignite or a solid fossil fuel containing 25 percent, by weight, or more of coal refuse). (4) 260 ng/J heat input (0.60 lb MMBtu) derived from lignite or lignite and wood residue (except as provided under paragraph (a)(5) of this section). (5) 340 ng/J heat input (0.80 lb MMBtu) derived from lignite which is mined in North Dakota, South Dakota, or Montana and which is burned in a cyclone-fired unit. (b) Except as provided under paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, when different fossil fuels are burned simultaneously in any combination, the applicable standard (in ng/J) is determined by proration using the following formula: w (260) + x (86) + y (130) + z (300) (w + x + y + z) x = Percentage of total heat input derived from gaseous fossil fuel; y = Percentage of total heat input derived from liquid fossil fuel; and z = Percentage of total heat input derived from solid fossil fuel (except lignite). (c) When a fossil fuel containing at least 25 percent, by weight, of coal PO 00000 requirements in § 60.43Da(i)(3) of subpart Da of this part. (e) Units 1 and 2 (as defined in appendix G of this part) at the Newton Power Station owned or operated by the Central Illinois Public Service Company will be in compliance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section if Unit 1 and Unit 2 individually comply with paragraph (a)(2) of this section or if the combined emission rate from Units 1 and 2 does not exceed 470 ng/J (1.1 lb/MMBtu) combined heat input to Units 1 and 2. Frm 00013 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 refuse is burned in combination with gaseous, liquid, or other solid fossil fuel or wood residue, the standard for NOX does not apply. (d) Cyclone-fired units which burn fuels containing at least 25 percent of lignite that is mined in North Dakota, South Dakota, or Montana remain E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.001</GPH> § 60.42 (PM). opacity, except that a maximum of 39 percent opacity shall be permitted for not more than six minutes in any hour. EP09FE07.000</MATH> Coal refuse means waste-products of coal mining, cleaning, and coal preparation operations (e.g. culm, gob, etc.) containing coal, matrix material, clay, and other organic and inorganic material. Fossil fuel and wood residue-fired steam generating unit means a furnace or boiler used in the process of burning fossil fuel and wood residue for the purpose of producing steam by heat transfer. Wood residue means bark, sawdust, slabs, chips, shavings, mill trim, and other wood products derived from wood processing and forest management operations. Coal means all solid fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). 6331 6332 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules subject to paragraph (a)(5) of this section regardless of the types of fuel combusted in combination with that lignite. (e) As an alternate to reporting excess emissions every 3 contiguous one hour periods as required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, an owner or operator can petition the Administrator (in writing) to comply with § 60.44Da(e)(3) of subpart Da of this part. If the Administrator grants the petition, the source will from then on (unless the unit is modified or reconstructed in the future) have to comply with the requirements in § 60.44Da(e)(3) of subpart Da of this part. § 60.45 Emission and fuel monitoring. (a) Each owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) for measuring the opacity of emissions, SO2 emissions, NOX emissions, and either oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide (CO2) except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) Certain of the CEMS requirements under paragraph (a) of this section do not apply to owners or operators under the following conditions: (1) For a fossil fuel-fired steam generator that burns only gaseous fossil fuel and that does not use post combustion technology to reduce emissions of SO2 or PM, CEMS for measuring the opacity of emissions and SO2 emissions are not required. (2) For a fossil fuel-fired steam generator that does not use a flue gas desulfurization device, a CEMS for measuring SO2 emissions is not required if the owner or operator monitors SO2 emissions by fuel sampling and analysis. (3) Notwithstanding § 60.13(b), installation of a CEMS for NOX may be delayed until after the initial performance tests under § 60.8 have been conducted. If the owner or operator demonstrates during the performance test that emissions of NOX are less than 70 percent of the applicable standards in § 60.44, a CEMS for measuring NOX emissions is not required. If the initial performance test results show that NOX emissions are greater than 70 percent of the applicable standard, the owner or operator shall install a CEMS for NOX within one year after the date of the initial performance tests under § 60.8 and comply with all other applicable monitoring requirements under this part. (4) If an owner or operator does not install any CEMS for sulfur oxides and NOX, as provided under paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(3) or paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section a CEMS for measuring either O2 or CO2 is not required. (5) An owner or operator may petition the Administrator (in writing) to install a PM CEMS as an alternative to the CEMS for monitoring opacity emissions. (c) For performance evaluations under § 60.13(c) and calibration checks under § 60.13(d), the following procedures shall be used: (1) Methods 6, 7, and 3B of appendix A of this part, as applicable, shall be used for the performance evaluations of SO2 and NOX continuous monitoring systems. Acceptable alternative methods for Methods 6, 7, and 3B of appendix A of this part are given in § 60.46(d). (2) Sulfur dioxide or nitric oxide, as applicable, shall be used for preparing calibration gas mixtures under Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to this part. (3) For affected facilities burning fossil fuel(s), the span value for a continuous monitoring system measuring the opacity of emissions shall be 80, 90, or 100 percent and for a continuous monitoring system measuring sulfur oxides or NOX the span value shall be determined as follows: [In parts per million] Fossil fuel Span value for SO2 Gas .................................................................................................................................................. Liquid ............................................................................................................................................... Solid ................................................................................................................................................. Combinations ................................................................................................................................... 500 500 1,000 500 (x + y) + 1,000z applicable. (4) All span values computed under paragraph (c)(3) of this section for burning combinations of fossil fuels shall be rounded to the nearest 500 ppm. (5) For a fossil fuel-fired steam generator that simultaneously burns fossil fuel and nonfossil fuel, the span value of all CEMS shall be subject to the Administrator’s approval. (d) [Reserved] (e) For any CEMS installed under paragraph (a) of this section, the following conversion procedures shall be used to convert the continuous VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 monitoring data into units of the applicable standards (ng/J, lb/MMBtu): (1) When a CEMS for measuring O2 is selected, the measurement of the pollutant concentration and O2 concentration shall each be on a consistent basis (wet or dry). Alternative procedures approved by the Administrator shall be used when measurements are on a wet basis. When measurements are on a dry basis, the following conversion procedure shall be used:   20.9 E = CF   ( 20.9 − %O )   2   Where E, C, F, and %O2 are determined under paragraph (f) of this section. (2) When a CEMS for measuring CO2 is selected, the measurement of the pollutant concentration and CO2 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 concentration shall each be on a consistent basis (wet or dry) and the following conversion procedure shall be used:  100  E = CFc    %CO 2  Where E, C, Fc and %CO2 are determined under paragraph (f) of this section. (f) The values used in the equations under paragraphs (e) (1) and (2) of this section are derived as follows: (1) E = pollutant emissions, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu). (2) C = pollutant concentration, ng/ dscm (lb/dscf), determined by multiplying the average concentration (ppm) for each one-hour period by 4.15 × 104 M ng/dscm per ppm (2.59 × 10¥9 M lb/dscf per ppm) where M = pollutant E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.003</MATH> Where: x = Fraction of total heat input derived from gaseous fossil fuel; y = Fraction of total heat input derived from liquid fossil fuel; and z = Fraction of total heat input derived from solid fossil fuel. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL ............................... 1,000 ......................... 1,500 ......................... 1,000y + 1,000z ........ Span value for NOX EP09FE07.002</MATH> 1 Not (1) Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules molecular weight, g/g-mole (lb/lb-mole). M = 64.07 for SO2 and 46.01 for NOX. (3) %O2, %CO2 = O2 or CO2 volume (expressed as percent), determined with equipment specified under paragraph (a) of this section. (4) F, Fc = a factor representing a ratio of the volume of dry flue gases generated to the calorific value of the fuel combusted (F), and a factor representing a ratio of the volume of CO2 generated to the calorific value of the fuel combusted (Fc), respectively. Values of F and Fc are given as follows: (i) For anthracite coal as classified according to ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), F = 2,723 × 10¥17 dscm/J (10,140 dscf/MMBtu and Fc = 0.532 × 10¥17 scm CO2/J (1,980 scf CO2/MMBtu). (ii) For subbituminous and bituminous coal as classified according F = 10−6 GCV [3.64 (%H) + 1.53 (%C) + 0.57 (%S) + 0.14 (% N) − 0.46 (%O)] VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 n F = ∑ X i Fi i =1 n or Fc = ∑ X i (Fc )i i =1 Where: Xi = Fraction of total heat input derived from each type of fuel (e.g. natural gas, bituminous coal, wood residue, etc.); Fi or(Fc)i = Applicable F or Fc factor for each fuel type determined in accordance with paragraphs (f)(4) and (f)(5) of this section; and n = Number of fuels being burned in combination. (g) Excess emission and monitoring system performance reports shall be submitted to the Administrator semiannually for each six-month period in the calendar year. All semiannual reports shall be postmarked by the 30th day following the end of each six-month PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.008</GPH> (i) %H, %C, %S, %N, and %O are content by weight of hydrogen, carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and O2 (expressed as percent), respectively, as determined on the same basis as GCV by ultimate analysis of the fuel fired, using ASTM D3178 or D3176 (solid fuels), or computed from results using ASTM D1137, D1945, or D1946 (gaseous fuels) as applicable. (These five methods are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17.) (ii) GVC is the gross calorific value (kJ/kg, Btu/lb) of the fuel combusted determined by the ASTM test methods D2015 or D5865 for solid fuels and D1826 for gaseous fuels as applicable. (These two methods are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17.) (iii) For affected facilities which fire both fossil fuels and nonfossil fuels, the period. Each excess emission and MSP report shall include the information required in § 60.7(c). Periods of excess emissions and monitoring systems (MS) downtime that shall be reported are defined as follows: (1) Opacity. Excess emissions are defined as any six-minute period during which the average opacity of emissions exceeds 20 percent opacity, except that one six-minute average per hour of up to 27 percent opacity need not be reported. (i) For sources subject to the opacity standard of § 60.42(b)(1), excess emissions are defined as any six-minute period during which the average opacity of emissions exceeds 35 percent opacity, except that one six-minute average per hour of up to 42 percent opacity need not be reported. (ii) For sources subject to the opacity standard of § 60.42(b)(2), excess emissions are defined as any six-minute period during which the average opacity of emissions exceeds 32 percent opacity, except that one six-minute average per hour of up to 39 percent opacity need not be reported. EP09FE07.007</GPH> 321 × 103 (%C) GCV (English units) F or Fc value shall be subject to the Administrator’s approval. (6) For affected facilities firing combinations of fossil fuels or fossil fuels and wood residue, the F or Fc factors determined by paragraphs (f)(4) or (f)(5) of this section shall be prorated in accordance with the applicable formula as follows: EP09FE07.006</GPH> 20.0 (%C) GCV (SI units) EP09FE07.009</MATH> GCV (English units) EP09FE07.005</GPH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL FC = [ 227.2 (%H) + 95.5 (%C) + 35.6 (%S) + 8.7 (% N) − 28.7 (%O)] 2.0 × 10−5 (%C) GCV (SI units) F = 10−6 FC = 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,840 scf CO2/MMBtu). For wood residue other than bark F = 2.492 × 10¥7 dscm/J (9,280 dscf/ MMBtu) and Fc = 0.494 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,860 scf CO2/MMBtu). (vi) For lignite coal as classified according to ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), F = 2.659 × 10¥7 dscm/J (9,900 dscf/MMBtu) and Fc = 0.516× 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,920 scf CO2/ MMBtu). (5) The owner or operator may use the following equation to determine an F factor (dscm/J or dscf/MMBtu) on a dry basis (if it is desired to calculate F on a wet basis, consult the Administrator) or Fc factor (scm CO2/J, or scf CO2/ MMBtu) on either basis in lieu of the F or Fc factors specified in paragraph (f)(4) of this section: EP09FE07.004</GPH> FC = to ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), F = 2.637 × 10¥7 dscm/J (9,820 dscf/MMBtu) and Fc = 0.486 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,810 scf CO2/ MMBtu). (iii) For liquid fossil fuels including crude, residual, and distillate oils, F = 2.476 × 10¥7 dscm/J (9,220 dscf/ MMBtu) and Fc = 0.384 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,430 scf CO2/MMBtu). (iv) For gaseous fossil fuels, F = 2.347 × 10¥7 dscm/J (8,740 dscf/MMBtu). For natural gas, propane, and butane fuels, Fc = 0.279 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,040 scf CO2/MMBtu) for natural gas, 0.322 × 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,200 scf CO2/MMBtu) for propane, and 0.338 × M 10¥7 scm CO2/J (1,260 scf CO2/MMBtu) for butane. (v) For bark F = 2.589 × 10¥7 dscm/ J (9,640 dscf/MMBtu) and Fc = 0.500 × 6333 6334 (2) Sulfur dioxide. Excess emissions for affected facilities are defined as: (i) Any three-hour period during which the average emissions (arithmetic average of three contiguous one-hour periods) of SO2 as measured by a CEMS exceed the applicable standard under § 60.43, or (ii) Any 30 operating day period during which the average emissions (arithmetic average of all one-hour periods during the 30 operating days) of SO2 as measured by a CEMS exceed the applicable standard under § 60.43. Facilities complying with the 30-day SO2 standard shall use the most current associated SO2 compliance and monitoring requirements in §§ 60.48Da and 60.49Da of subpart Da of this part. (3) Nitrogen oxides. Excess emissions for affected facilities using a CEMS for measuring NOX are defined as: (i) Any three-hour period during which the average emissions (arithmetic average of three contiguous one-hour periods) exceed the applicable standards under § 60.44, or (ii) Any 30 operating day period during which the average emissions (arithmetic average of all one-hour periods during the 30 operating days) of NOX as measured by a CEMS exceed the applicable standard under § 60.43. Facilities complying with the 30-day NOX standard shall use the most current associated NOX compliance and monitoring requirements in §§ 60.48Da and 60.49Da of subpart Da of this part. (4) Particulate matter. Excess emissions for affected facilities using a CEMS for measuring PM are defined as any boiler operating day period during which the average emissions (arithmetic average of all operating one-hour periods) exceed the applicable standards under § 60.43. Affected facilities using PM CEMS in lieu of a CEMS for monitoring opacity emissions must follow the most current applicable compliance and monitoring provisions in §§ 60.48Da and 60.49Da of subpart Da of this part. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.46 Test methods and procedures. (a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, and subsequent performance tests as requested by the EPA Administrator, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b). Acceptable alternative methods and procedures are given in paragraph (d) of this section. (b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the PM, VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 SO2, and NOX standards in §§ 60.42, 60.43, and 60.44 as follows: (1) The emission rate (E) of PM, SO2, or NOX shall be computed for each run using the following equation:   20.9 E = CFd    (20.9 − %O 2 )  E = Emission rate of pollutant, ng/J (lb/ million Btu); C = Concentration of pollutant, ng/dscm (lb/ dscf); %O2 = O2 concentration, percent dry basis; and Fd = Factor as determined from Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (2) Method 5 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the PM concentration (C) at affected facilities without wet flue-gas-desulfurization (FGD) systems and Method 5B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the PM concentration (C) after FGD systems. (i) The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf). The probe and filter holder heating systems in the sampling train shall be set to provide an average gas temperature of 160 ± 14 °C (320 ± 25 °F). (ii) The emission rate correction factor, integrated or grab sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the O2 concentration (%O2). The O2 sample shall be obtained simultaneously with, and at the same traverse points as, the particulate sample. If the grab sampling procedure is used, the O2 concentration for the run shall be the arithmetic mean of the sample O2 concentrations at all traverse points. (iii) If the particulate run has more than 12 traverse points, the O2 traverse points may be reduced to 12 provided that Method 1 of appendix A of this part is used to locate the 12 O2 traverse points. (3) Method 9 of appendix A of this part and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity. (4) Method 6 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the SO2 concentration. (i) The sampling site shall be the same as that selected for the particulate sample. The sampling location in the duct shall be at the centroid of the cross section or at a point no closer to the walls than 1 m (3.28 ft). The sampling time and sample volume for each sample run shall be at least 20 minutes and 0.020 dscm (0.71 dscf). Two samples shall be taken during a 1-hour period, with each sample taken within a 30-minute interval. PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 (ii) The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the O2 concentration (%O2). The O2 sample shall be taken simultaneously with, and at the same point as, the SO2 sample. The SO2 emission rate shall be computed for each pair of SO2 and O2 samples. The SO2 emission rate (E) for each run shall be the arithmetic mean of the results of the two pairs of samples. (5) Method 7 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the NOX concentration. (i) The sampling site and location shall be the same as for the SO2 sample. Each run shall consist of four grab samples, with each sample taken at about 15-minute intervals. (ii) For each NOX sample, the emission rate correction factor, grab sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the O2 concentration (%O2). The sample shall be taken simultaneously with, and at the same point as, the NOX sample. (iii) The NOX emission rate shall be computed for each pair of NOX and O2 samples. The NOX emission rate (E) for each run shall be the arithmetic mean of the results of the four pairs of samples. (c) When combinations of fossil fuels or fossil fuel and wood residue are fired, the owner or operator (in order to compute the prorated standard as shown in §§ 60.43(b) and 60.44(b)) shall determine the percentage (w, x, y, or z) of the total heat input derived from each type of fuel as follows: (1) The heat input rate of each fuel shall be determined by multiplying the gross calorific value of each fuel fired by the rate of each fuel burned. (2) ASTM Methods D2015, or D5865 (solid fuels), D240 (liquid fuels), or D1826 (gaseous fuels) (all of these methods are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the gross calorific values of the fuels. The method used to determine the calorific value of wood residue must be approved by the Administrator. (3) Suitable methods shall be used to determine the rate of each fuel burned during each test period, and a material balance over the steam generating system shall be used to confirm the rate. (d) The owner or operator may use the following as alternatives to the reference methods and procedures in this section or in other sections as specified: (1) The emission rate (E) of PM, SO2 and NOX may be determined by using the Fc factor, provided that the following procedure is used: (i) The emission rate (E) shall be computed using the following equation: E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.010</MATH> Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Where: E = Emission rate of pollutant, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu); C = Concentration of pollutant, ng/dscm (lb/ dscf); %CO2 = CO2 concentration, percent dry basis; and Fc = Factor as determined in appropriate sections of Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (ii) If and only if the average Fc factor in Method 19 of appendix A of this part is used to calculate E and either E is from 0.97 to 1.00 of the emission standard or the relative accuracy of a continuous emission monitoring system is from 17 to 20 percent, then three runs of Method 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the O2 and CO2 concentration according to the procedures in paragraph (b) (2)(ii), (4)(ii), or (5)(ii) of this section. Then if Fo (average of three runs), as calculated from the equation in Method 3B of appendix A of this part, is more than ±3 percent than the average Fo value, as determined from the average values of Fd and Fc in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, i.e., Foa = 0.209 (Fda / Fca), then the following procedure shall be followed: (A) When Fo is less than 0.97 Foa, then E shall be increased by that proportion under 0.97 Foa, e.g., if Fo is 0.95 Foa, E shall be increased by 2 percent. This recalculated value shall be used to determine compliance with the emission standard. (B) When Fo is less than 0.97 Foa and when the average difference (d) between the continuous monitor minus the reference methods is negative, then E shall be increased by that proportion under 0.97 Foa, e.g., if Fo is 0.95 Foa, E shall be increased by 2 percent. This recalculated value shall be used to determine compliance with the relative accuracy specification. (C) When Fo is greater than 1.03 Foa and when the average difference d is positive, then E shall be decreased by that proportion over 1.03 Foa, e.g., if Fo is 1.05 Foa, E shall be decreased by 2 percent. This recalculated value shall be used to determine compliance with the relative accuracy specification. (2) For Method 5 or 5B of appendix A of this part, Method 17 of appendix A of this part may be used at facilities with or without wet FGD systems if the stack gas temperature at the sampling location does not exceed an average temperature of 160 °C (320 °F). The procedures of sections 2.1 and 2.3 of Method 5B of appendix A of this part VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 may be used with Method 17 of appendix A of this part only if it is used after wet FGD systems. Method 17 of appendix A of this part shall not be used after wet FGD systems if the effluent gas is saturated or laden with water droplets. (3) Particulate matter and SO2 may be determined simultaneously with the Method 5 of appendix A of this part train provided that the following changes are made: (i) The filter and impinger apparatus in sections 2.1.5 and 2.1.6 of Method 8 of appendix A of this part is used in place of the condenser (section 2.1.7) of Method 5 of appendix A of this part. (ii) All applicable procedures in Method 8 of appendix A of this part for the determination of SO2 (including moisture) are used: (4) For Method 6 of appendix A of this part, Method 6C of appendix A of this part may be used. Method 6A of appendix A of this part may also be used whenever Methods 6 and 3B of appendix A of this part data are specified to determine the SO2 emission rate, under the conditions in paragraph (d)(1) of this section. (5) For Method 7 of appendix A of this part, Method 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A of this part may be used. If Method 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A of this part is used, the sampling time for each run shall be at least 1 hour and the integrated sampling approach shall be used to determine the O2 concentration (%O2) for the emission rate correction factor. (6) For Method 3 of appendix A of this part, Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part may be used. (7) For Method 3B of appendix A of this part, Method 3A of appendix A of this part may be used. Subpart Da—[Amended] 4. Subpart Da is revised as follows: Subpart Da—Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction Is Commenced After September 18, 1978 Sec. 60.40Da Applicability and designation of affected facility. 60.41Da Definitions. 60.42Da Standard for particulate matter (PM). 60.43Da Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). 60.44Da Standard for nitrogen oxides (NOX). 60.45Da Standard for mercury (Hg). 60.46Da [Reserved] 60.47Da Commercial demonstration permit. 60.48Da Compliance provisions. 60.49Da Emission monitoring. 60.50Da Compliance determination procedures and methods. PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 60.51Da 60.52Da Reporting requirements. Recordkeeping requirements. Subpart Da—Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction Is Commenced After September 18, 1978 § 60.40Da Applicability and designation of affected facility. (a) The affected facility to which this subpart applies is each electric utility steam-generating unit: (1) That is capable of combusting more than 73 megawatts (MW) (250 million British thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr)) heat input of fossil fuel (either alone or in combination with any other fuel); and (2) For which construction, modification, or reconstruction is commenced after September 18, 1978. (b) Combined cycle gas turbines (both the stationary combustion turbine and any associated duct burners) are subject to this part and not subject to subpart GG or KKKK of this part if: (1) The combined cycle gas turbine is capable of combusting more than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil fuel (either alone or in combination with any other fuel); and (2) The combined cycle gas turbine is designed and intended to burn fuels containing 50 percent (by heat input) or more solid-derived fuel not meeting the definition of natural gas on a 12-month rolling average basis; and (3) The combined cycle gas turbine commenced construction, modification, or reconstruction after February 28, 2005. (4) This subpart will continue to apply to all other electric utility combined cycle gas turbines that are capable of combusting more than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil fuel in the heat recovery steam generator. If the heat recovery steam generator is subject to this subpart and the stationary combustion turbine is subject to either subpart GG or KKKK of this part, only emissions resulting from combustion of fuels in the steamgenerating unit are subject to this subpart. (The stationary combustion turbine emissions are subject to subpart GG or KKKK, as applicable, of this part). (c) Any change to an existing fossilfuel-fired steam generating unit to accommodate the use of combustible materials, other than fossil fuels, shall not bring that unit under the applicability of this subpart. (d) Any change to an existing steam generating unit originally designed to fire gaseous or liquid fossil fuels, to accommodate the use of any other fuel E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.011</MATH>  100  E = CFc    %CO 2  6335 6336 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (fossil or nonfossil) shall not bring that unit under the applicability of this subpart. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.41Da Definitions. As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part. Anthracite means coal that is classified as anthracite according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Available purchase power means the lesser of the following: (a) The sum of available system capacity in all neighboring companies. (b) The sum of the rated capacities of the power interconnection devices between the principal company and all neighboring companies, minus the sum of the electric power load on these interconnections. (c) The rated capacity of the power transmission lines between the power interconnection devices and the electric generating units (the unit in the principal company that has the malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system and the unit(s) in the neighboring company supplying replacement electrical power) less the electric power load on these transmission lines. Available system capacity means the capacity determined by subtracting the system load and the system emergency reserves from the net system capacity. Biomass means plant materials and animal waste. Bituminous coal means coal that is classified as bituminous according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Boiler operating day for units constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before February 28, 2005, means a 24-hour period during which fossil fuel is combusted in a steam-generating unit for the entire 24 hours. For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified after February 28, 2005, boiler operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the steam-generating unit. It is not necessary for fuel to be combusted the entire 24-hour period. Coal means all solid fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) and coal refuse. Synthetic fuels derived from coal for the purpose of creating useful heat, including but not limited to solvent-refined coal, gasified coal, coal- VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 oil mixtures, and coal-water mixtures are included in this definition for the purposes of this subpart. Coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit means an electric utility steam generating unit that burns coal, coal refuse, or a synthetic gas derived from coal either exclusively, in any combination together, or in any combination with other fuels in any amount. Coal refuse means waste products of coal mining, physical coal cleaning, and coal preparation operations (e.g. culm, gob, etc.) containing coal, matrix material, clay, and other organic and inorganic material. Cogeneration, also known as ‘‘combined heat and power,’’ means a steam-generating unit that simultaneously produces both electric (or mechanical) and useful thermal energy from the same primary energy source. Combined cycle gas turbine means a stationary turbine combustion system where heat from the turbine exhaust gases is recovered by a steam generating unit. Dry flue gas desulfurization technology or dry FGD means a sulfur dioxide control system that is located downstream of the steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides (SO2) from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a dry powder material. This definition includes devices where the dry powder material is subsequently converted to another form. Alkaline slurries or solutions used in dry FGD technology include, but are not limited to, lime and sodium. Duct burner means a device that combusts fuel and that is placed in the exhaust duct from another source, such as a stationary gas turbine, internal combustion engine, kiln, etc., to allow the firing of additional fuel to heat the exhaust gases before the exhaust gases enter a heat recovery steam generating unit. Electric utility combined cycle gas turbine means any combined cycle gas turbine used for electric generation that is constructed for the purpose of supplying more than one-third of its potential electric output capacity and more than 219,000 megawatt hour (MWh) net electrical output to any utility power distribution system for sale. Any steam distribution system that is constructed for the purpose of providing steam to a steam electric generator that would produce electrical power for sale is also considered in PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 determining the electrical energy output capacity of the affected facility. Electric utility company means the largest interconnected organization, business, or governmental entity that generates electric power for sale (e.g., a holding company with operating subsidiary companies). Electric utility steam-generating unit means any steam electric generating unit that is constructed for the purpose of supplying more than one-third of its potential electric output capacity and more than 219,000 MWh net-electrical output to any utility power distribution system for sale. Also, any steam supplied to a steam distribution system for the purpose of providing steam to a steam-electric generator that would produce electrical energy for sale is considered in determining the electrical energy output capacity of the affected facility. Electrostatic precipitator or ESP means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter (PM) by charging the particles using an electrostatic field, collecting the particles using a grounded collecting surface, and transporting the particles into a hopper. Emergency condition means that period of time when: (1) The electric generation output of an affected facility with a malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system cannot be reduced or electrical output must be increased because: (i) All available system capacity in the principal company interconnected with the affected facility is being operated, and (ii) All available purchase power interconnected with the affected facility is being obtained, or (2) The electric generation demand is being shifted as quickly as possible from an affected facility with a malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system to one or more electrical generating units held in reserve by the principal company or by a neighboring company, or (3) An affected facility with a malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system becomes the only available unit to maintain a part or all of the principal company’s system emergency reserves and the unit is operated in spinning reserve at the lowest practical electric generation load consistent with not causing significant physical damage to the unit. If the unit is operated at a higher load to meet load demand, an emergency condition would not exist unless the conditions under paragraph (1) of this definition apply. Emission limitation means any emissions limit or operating limit. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Emission rate period means any calendar month included in a 12-month rolling average period. Federally enforceable means all limitations and conditions that are enforceable by the Administrator, including the requirements of 40 CFR parts 60 and 61, requirements within any applicable State implementation plan, and any permit requirements established under 40 CFR 52.21 or under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24. Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal, and any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such material for the purpose of creating useful heat. Gaseous fuel means any fuel derived from coal or petroleum that is present as a gas at standard conditions and includes, but is not limited to, refinery fuel gas, process gas, coke-oven gas, synthetic gas, and gasified coal. Gross output means the gross useful work performed by the steam generated. For units generating only electricity, the gross useful work performed is the gross electrical output from the turbine/ generator set. For cogeneration units, the gross useful work performed is the gross electrical or mechanical output plus 75 percent of the useful thermal output measured relative to ISO conditions that is not used to generate additional electrical or mechanical output (i.e., steam delivered to an industrial process). 24-hour period means the period of time between 12:01 a.m. and 12 midnight. Integrated gasification combined cycle electric utility steam generating unit or IGCC means a coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns a synthetic gas derived from coal in a combined-cycle gas turbine. No coal is directly burned in the unit during operation. Interconnected means that two or more electric generating units are electrically tied together by a network of power transmission lines, and other power transmission equipment. ISO conditions means a temperature of 288 Kelvin, a relative humidity of 60 percent, and a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals. Lignite means coal that is classified as lignite A or B according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Natural gas means: (1) A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the earth’s surface, of which the principal constituent is methane; or VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (2) Liquid petroleum gas, as defined by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D1835 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17); or (3) A mixture of hydrocarbons that maintains a gaseous state at ISO conditions. Additionally, natural gas must either be composed of at least 70 percent methane by volume or have a gross calorific value between 34 and 43 megajoules (MJ) per standard cubic meter (910 and 1,150 Btu per standard cubic foot). Neighboring company means any one of those electric utility companies with one or more electric power interconnections to the principal company and which have geographically adjoining service areas. Net-electric output means the gross electric sales to the utility power distribution system minus purchased power on a calendar year basis. Net system capacity means the sum of the net electric generating capability (not necessarily equal to rated capacity) of all electric generating equipment owned by an electric utility company (including steam generating units, internal combustion engines, gas turbines, nuclear units, hydroelectric units, and all other electric generating equipment) plus firm contractual purchases that are interconnected to the affected facility that has the malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system. The electric generating capability of equipment under multiple ownership is prorated based on ownership unless the proportional entitlement to electric output is otherwise established by contractual arrangement. Noncontinental area means the State of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana Islands. Petroleum means crude oil or petroleum or a fuel derived from crude oil or petroleum, including, but not limited to, distillate oil, residual oil, and petroleum coke. Potential combustion concentration means the theoretical emissions (nanograms per joule (ng/J), lb/MMBtu heat input) that would result from combustion of a fuel in an uncleaned state without emission control systems) and: (1) For particulate matter (PM) is: (i) 3,000 ng/J (7.0 lb/MMBtu) heat input for solid fuel; and (ii) 73 ng/J (0.17 lb/MMBtu) heat input for liquid fuels. (2) For sulfur dioxide (SO2) is determined under § 60.50Da(c). (3) For nitrogen oxides (NOX) is: PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6337 (i) 290 ng/J (0.67 lb/MMBtu) heat input for gaseous fuels; (ii) 310 ng/J (0.72 lb/MMBtu) heat input for liquid fuels; and (iii) 990 ng/J (2.30 lb/MMBtu) heat input for solid fuels. Potential electrical output capacity means 33 percent of the maximum design heat input capacity of the steam generating unit, divided by 3,413 Btu/ KWh, divided by 1,000 kWh/MWh, and multiplied by 8,760 hr/yr (e.g., a steam generating unit with a 100 MW (340 MMBtu/hr) fossil-fuel heat input capacity would have a 289,080 MWh 12 month potential electrical output capacity). For electric utility combined cycle gas turbines the potential electrical output capacity is determined on the basis of the fossil-fuel firing capacity of the steam generator exclusive of the heat input and electrical power contribution by the gas turbine. Principal company means the electric utility company or companies which own the affected facility. Resource recovery unit means a facility that combusts more than 75 percent non-fossil fuel on a quarterly (calendar) heat input basis. Responsible official means responsible official as defined in 40 CFR 70.2. Solid-derived fuel means any solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from solid fuel for the purpose of creating useful heat and includes, but is not limited to, solvent refined coal, liquified coal, synthetic gas, gasified coal, gasified petroleum coke, gasified biomass, and gasified tire derived fuel. Spare flue gas desulfurization system module means a separate system of SO2 emission control equipment capable of treating an amount of flue gas equal to the total amount of flue gas generated by an affected facility when operated at maximum capacity divided by the total number of nonspare flue gas desulfurization modules in the system. Spinning reserve means the sum of the unutilized net generating capability of all units of the electric utility company that are synchronized to the power distribution system and that are capable of immediately accepting additional load. The electric generating capability of equipment under multiple ownership is prorated based on ownership unless the proportional entitlement to electric output is otherwise established by contractual arrangement. Steam generating unit means any furnace, boiler, or other device used for combusting fuel for the purpose of producing steam (including fossil-fuelfired steam generators associated with E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6338 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules combined cycle gas turbines; nuclear steam generators are not included). Subbituminous coal means coal that is classified as subbituminous A, B, or C according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). System emergency reserves means an amount of electric generating capacity equivalent to the rated capacity of the single largest electric generating unit in the electric utility company (including steam generating units, internal combustion engines, gas turbines, nuclear units, hydroelectric units, and all other electric generating equipment) which is interconnected with the affected facility that has the malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system. The electric generating capability of equipment under multiple ownership is prorated based on ownership unless the proportional entitlement to electric output is otherwise established by contractual arrangement. System load means the entire electric demand of an electric utility company’s service area interconnected with the affected facility that has the malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system plus firm contractual sales to other electric utility companies. Sales to other electric utility companies (e.g., emergency power) not on a firm contractual basis may also be included in the system load when no available system capacity exists in the electric utility company to which the power is supplied for sale. Wet flue gas desulfurization technology or wet FGD means a SO2 control system that is located downstream of the steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a liquid material. This definition applies to devices where the aqueous liquid material product of this contact is subsequently converted to other forms. Alkaline reagents used in wet FGD technology include, but are not limited to, lime, limestone, and sodium. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.42Da (PM). Standard for particulate matter (a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced before or on February 28, VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 2005, any gases that contain PM in excess of: (1) 13 ng/J (0.03 lb/MMBtu) heat input derived from the combustion of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel; (2) 1 percent of the potential combustion concentration (99 percent reduction) when combusting solid fuel; and (3) 30 percent of potential combustion concentration (70 percent reduction) when combusting liquid fuel. (b) On and after the date the initial PM performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity (6-minute average), except for one 6-minute period per hour of not more than 27 percent opacity. (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of either: (1) 18 ng/J (0.14 lb/MWh) gross energy output; or (2) 6.4 ng/J (0.015 lb/MMBtu) heat input derived from the combustion of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel. (d) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005, may elect to meet the requirements of this paragraph. On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain PM in excess of: (1) 13 ng/J (0.03 lb/MMBtu) heat input derived from the combustion of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel, and (2) 0.1 percent of the combustion concentration determined according to the procedure in § 60.48Da(o)(5) (99.9 percent reduction) for an affected facility for which construction or reconstruction commenced after PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 February 28, 2005 when combusting solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel, or (3) 0.2 percent of the combustion concentration determined according to the procedure in § 60.48Da(o)(5) (99.8 percent reduction) for an affected facility for which modification commenced after February 28, 2005 when combusting solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel. § 60.43Da (SO2). Standard for sulfur dioxide (a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility which combusts solid fuel or solid-derived fuel and for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced before or on February 28, 2005, except as provided under paragraphs (c), (d), (f) or (h) of this section, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of: (1) 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input and 10 percent of the potential combustion concentration (90 percent reduction); or (2) 30 percent of the potential combustion concentration (70 percent reduction), when emissions are less than 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (b) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility which combusts liquid or gaseous fuels (except for liquid or gaseous fuels derived from solid fuels and as provided under paragraphs (e) or (h) of this section) and for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced before or on February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of: (1) 340 ng/J (0.80 lb/MMBtu) heat input and 10 percent of the potential combustion concentration (90 percent reduction); or (2) 100 percent of the potential combustion concentration (zero percent reduction) when emissions are less than 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (c) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility which combusts solid solvent E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 ES = (340 x + 520 y) 100 and %P8 = 10 (2) If emissions of SO2 to the atmosphere are equal to or less than 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input: (340 x + 520 y) 100 and (10 x + 30 y) %PS = 100 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL ES = Where: Es = Prorated SO2 emission limit (ng/J heat input); VerDate Aug<31>2005 21:14 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 %Ps = Percentage of potential SO2 emission allowed; x = Percentage of total heat input derived from the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels (excluding solid-derived fuels); and y = Percentage of total heat input derived from the combustion of solid fuel (including solid-derived fuels). (i) Except as provided in paragraphs (j) and (k) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of the applicable emission limitation specified in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) For an affected facility for which construction commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (ii) 5 percent of the potential combustion concentration (95 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (2) For an affected facility for which reconstruction commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (iii) 5 percent of the potential combustion concentration (95 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (3) For an affected facility for which modification commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (iii) 10 percent of the potential combustion concentration (90 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (j) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005, and that burns 75 percent or more (by heat input) coal refuse on a 12-month PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 rolling average basis, shall caused to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of the applicable emission limitation specified in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) For an affected facility for which construction commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (ii) 6 percent of the potential combustion concentration (94 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (2) For an affected facility for which reconstruction commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (iii) 6 percent of the potential combustion concentration (94 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (3) For an affected facility for which modification commenced after February 28, 2005, any gases that contain SO2 in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (iii) 10 percent of the potential combustion concentration (90 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (k) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility located in a noncontinental area that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of the applicable emission limitation specified in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) For an affected facility that burns solid or solid-derived fuel, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30day rolling average basis. (2) For an affected facility that burns other than solid or solid-derived fuel, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.013</MATH> refined coal (SRC–I) any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input and 15 percent of the potential combustion concentration (85 percent reduction) except as provided under paragraph (f) of this section; compliance with the emission limitation is determined on a 30-day rolling average basis and compliance with the percent reduction requirement is determined on a 24-hour basis. (d) Sulfur dioxide emissions are limited to 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input from any affected facility which: (1) Combusts 100 percent anthracite; (2) Is classified as a resource recovery unit; or (3) Is located in a noncontinental area and combusts solid fuel or solid-derived fuel. (e) Sulfur dioxide emissions are limited to 340 ng/J (0.80 lb/MMBtu) heat input from any affected facility which is located in a noncontinental area and combusts liquid or gaseous fuels (excluding solid-derived fuels). (f) The emission reduction requirements under this section do not apply to any affected facility that is operated under an SO2 commercial demonstration permit issued by the Administrator in accordance with the provisions of § 60.47Da. (g) Compliance with the emission limitation and percent reduction requirements under this section are both determined on a 30-day rolling average basis except as provided under paragraph (c) of this section. (h) When different fuels are combusted simultaneously, the applicable standard is determined by proration using the following formula: (1) If emissions of SO2 to the atmosphere are greater than 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input. 6339 EP09FE07.012</MATH> Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 6340 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules gases that contain SO2 in excess of if the affected facility or 230 ng/J (0.54 lb/ MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis. § 60.44Da (NOX). Standard for nitrogen oxides (a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility, except as provided under paragraphs (b), (d), (e), and (f) of this section, any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of the following emission limits, based on a 30-day rolling average basis, except as provided under § 60.48Da(j)(1): (1) NOX emission limits. Emission limit for heat input Fuel type ng/J Gaseous fuels: Coal-derived fuels ..................................................................................................................................................... All other fuels ............................................................................................................................................................ Liquid fuels: Coal-derived fuels ..................................................................................................................................................... Shale oil .................................................................................................................................................................... All other fuels ............................................................................................................................................................ Solid fuels: Coal-derived fuels ..................................................................................................................................................... Any fuel containing more than 25%, by weight, coal refuse1. Any fuel containing more than 25%, by weight, lignite if the lignite is mined in North Dakota, South Dakota, or Montana, and is combusted in a slag tap furnace 2 ............................................................................................. Any fuel containing more than 25%, by weight, lignite not subject to the 340 ng/J heat input emission limit 2 ..... Subbituminous coal .................................................................................................................................................. Bituminous coal ........................................................................................................................................................ Anthracite coal .......................................................................................................................................................... All other fuels ............................................................................................................................................................ lb/MMBtu 210 86 0.50 0.20 210 210 130 0.50 0.50 0.30 210 0.50 340 260 210 260 260 260 0.80 0.60 0.50 0.60 0.60 0.60 1 Exempt from NOX standards and NOX monitoring requirements. fuel containing less than 25%, by weight, lignite is not prorated but its percentage is added to the percentage of the predominant fuel. (2) NOX reduction requirement. Fuel type Percent reduction of potential combustion concentration Gaseous fuels ................... Liquid fuels ....................... Solid fuels ......................... 25 30 65 (b) The emission limitations under paragraph (a) of this section do not apply to any affected facility which is combusting coal-derived liquid fuel and is operating under a commercial demonstration permit issued by the Administrator in accordance with the provisions of § 60.47Da. (c) Except as provided under paragraphs (d), (e), and (f) of this section, when two or more fuels are combusted simultaneously, the applicable standard is determined by proration using the following formula: rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL En = (86w +130 x + 210 y + 260z + 340 v) 100 Where: En = Applicable standard for NOX when multiple fuels are combusted simultaneously (ng/J heat input); w = Percentage of total heat input derived from the combustion of fuels subject to the 86 ng/J heat input standard; VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 x = Percentage of total heat input derived from the combustion of fuels subject to the 130 ng/J heat input standard; y = Percentage of total heat input derived from the combustion of fuels subject to the 210 ng/J heat input standard; z = Percentage of total heat input derived from the combustion of fuels subject to the 260 ng/J heat input standard; and v = Percentage of total heat input delivered from the combustion of fuels subject to the 340 ng/J heat input standard. (d)(1) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction after July 9, 1997, but before or on February 28, 2005 shall cause to the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of 200 ng/J (1.6 lb/MWh) gross energy output, based on a 30-day rolling average basis, except as provided under § 60.48Da(k). (2) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of affected facility for which reconstruction commenced after July 9, 1997, but before or on February 28, 2005 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of 65 ng/ PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input, based on a 30-day rolling average basis. (e) Except for an IGCC meeting the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of the applicable emission limitation specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) For an affected facility for which construction commenced after February 28, 2005, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of 130 ng/ J (1.0 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis, except as provided under § 60.48Da(k). (2) For an affected facility for which reconstruction commenced after February 28, 2005, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of either: E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.014</MATH> 2 Any (i) 130 ng/J (1.0 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (ii) 47 ng/J (0.11 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis. (3) For an affected facility for which modification commenced after February 28, 2005, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of either: (i) 180 ng/J (1.4 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis; or (ii) 65 ng/J (0.15 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis. (f) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an IGCC subject to the provisions of this subpart that burns liquid fuel as a supplemental fuel and for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005, shall meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) The owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of 130 ng/ J (1.0 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis, except as provided for in paragraphs (f)(2) and (3) of this section. (2) When burning liquid fuel exclusively or in combination with solid-derived fuel such that the liquid fuel contributes 50 percent or more of the total heat input to the combined cycle combustion turbine, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of 190 ng/J (1.5 lb/MWh) gross energy output on a 30-day rolling average basis. (3) In cases when during a 30-day rolling average compliance period liquid fuel is burned in such a manner to meet the conditions in paragraph (f)(2) of this section for only a portion of the clock hours in the 30-day period, the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of the computed weighted-average emissions limit based on the proportion of gross energy output (in MWh) generated during the compliance period for each of emissions limits in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section. § 60.45Da Standard for mercury (Hg). (a) For each coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit other than an IGCC electric utility steam generating VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 unit, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility for which construction, modification, or reconstruction commenced after January 30, 2004, any gases that contain mercury (Hg) emissions in excess of each Hg emissions limit in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section that applies to you. The Hg emissions limits in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section are based on a 12-month rolling average basis using the procedures in § 60.50Da(h). (1) For each coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns only bituminous coal, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of 20 × 10¥6 pound per megawatt hour (lb/MWh) or 0.020 lb/ gigawatt-hour (GWh) on an output basis. The International System of Units (SI) equivalent is 0.0025 ng/J. (2) For each coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns only subbituminous coal: (i) If your unit is located in a countylevel geographical area receiving greater than 25 inches per year (in/yr) mean annual precipitation, based on the most recent publicly available U.S. Department of Agriculture 30-year data, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of 66 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.066 lb/GWh on an output basis. The SI equivalent is 0.0083 ng/J. (ii) If your unit is located in a countylevel geographical area receiving less than or equal to 25 in/yr mean annual precipitation, based on the most recent publicly available U.S. Department of Agriculture 30-year data, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of 97 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.097 lb/GWh on an output basis. The SI equivalent is 0.0122 ng/J. (3) For each coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns only lignite, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of 175 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.175 lb/GWh on an output basis. The SI equivalent is 0.0221 ng/J. (4) For each coal-burning electric utility steam generating unit that burns only coal refuse, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of 16 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.016 lb/ PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6341 GWh on an output basis. The SI equivalent is 0.0020 ng/J. (5) For each coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns a blend of coals from different coal ranks (i.e., bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite) or a blend of coal and coal refuse, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of the unit-specific Hg emissions limit established according to paragraph (a)(5)(i) or (ii) of this section, as applicable to the affected unit. (i) If you operate a coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns a blend of coals from different coal ranks or a blend of coal and coal refuse, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of the computed weighted Hg emissions limit based on the Btu, MWh, or MJ contributed by each coal rank burned during the compliance period and its applicable Hg emissions limit in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section as determined using Equation 1 in this section. For each affected source, you must comply with the weighted Hg emissions limit calculated using Equation 1 in this section based on the total Hg emissions from the unit and the total Btu, MWh, or MJ contributed by all fuels burned during the compliance period. n EL b = ∑ EL i (HH i ) i =1 (Eq. 1) n ∑ HH i i =1 Where: ELb = Total allowable Hg in lb/MWh that can be emitted to the atmosphere from any affected source being averaged according to this paragraph. ELi = Hg emissions limit for the subcategory i (coal rank) that applies to affected source, lb/MWh; HHi = For each affected source, the Btu, MWh, or MJ contributed by the corresponding subcategory i (coal rank) burned during the compliance period; and n = Number of subcategories (coal ranks) being averaged for an affected source. (ii) If you operate a coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns a blend of coals from different coal ranks or a blend of coal and coal refuse together with one or more nonregulated, supplementary fuels, you must not discharge into the atmosphere any gases from a new affected source that contain Hg in excess of the computed weighted Hg emission limit based on the Btu, MWh, or MJ E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.015</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 6342 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules contributed by each coal rank burned during the compliance period and its applicable Hg emissions limit in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section as determined using Equation 1 in this section. For each affected source, you must comply with the weighted Hg emissions limit calculated using Equation 1 in this section based on the total Hg emissions from the unit contributed by both regulated and nonregulated fuels burned during the compliance period and the total Btu, MWh, or MJ contributed by both regulated and nonregulated fuels burned during the compliance period. (b) For each IGCC electric utility steam generating unit, on and after the date on which the initial performance test required to be conducted under § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility for which construction, modification, or reconstruction commenced after January 30, 2004, any gases that contain Hg emissions in excess of 20 × 10¥6 lb/MWh or 0.020 lb/ GWh on an output basis. The SI equivalent is 0.0025 ng/J. This Hg emissions limit is based on a 12-month rolling average basis using the procedures in § 60.50Da(h). § 60.46Da [Reserved] § 60.47Da permit. Commercial demonstration (a) An owner or operator of an affected facility proposing to demonstrate an emerging technology may apply to the Administrator for a commercial demonstration permit. The Administrator will issue a commercial demonstration permit in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section. Commercial demonstration permits may be issued only by the Administrator, and this authority will not be delegated. (b) An owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts solid solvent refined coal (SRC–I) and who is issued a commercial demonstration permit by the Administrator is not subject to the SO2 emission reduction requirements under § 60.43Da(c) but must, as a minimum, reduce SO2 emissions to 20 percent of the potential combustion concentration (80 percent reduction) for each 24-hour period of steam generator operation and to less than 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis. (c) An owner or operator of a fluidized bed combustion electric utility steam generator (atmospheric or pressurized) who is issued a commercial demonstration permit by the Administrator is not subject to the SO2 emission reduction requirements under § 60.43Da(a) but must, as a minimum, reduce SO2 emissions to 15 percent of the potential combustion concentration (85 percent reduction) on a 30-day rolling average basis and to less than 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis. (d) The owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coalderived liquid fuel and who is issued a commercial demonstration permit by the Administrator is not subject to the applicable NOX emission limitation and percent reduction under § 60.44Da(a) but must, as a minimum, reduce emissions to less than 300 ng/J (0.70 lb/ MMBtu) heat input on a 30-day rolling average basis. (e) Commercial demonstration permits may not exceed the following equivalent MW electrical generation capacity for any one technology category, and the total equivalent MW electrical generation capacity for all commercial demonstration plants may not exceed 15,000 MW. Equivalent Electrical Capacity (MW electrical output) Technology Pollutant Solid solvent refined coal (SCR I) ........................................................................................................................... Fluidized bed combustion (atmospheric) ................................................................................................................. Fluidized bed combustion (pressurized) .................................................................................................................. Coal liquification ....................................................................................................................................................... SO2 ............. SO2 .............. SO2 .............. NOX ............. 6,000–10,000 400–3,000 400–1,200 750–10,000 Total allowable for all technologies .................................................................................................................. ..................... 15,000 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.48Da Compliance provisions. (a) Compliance with the PM emission limitation under § 60.42Da(a)(1) constitutes compliance with the percent reduction requirements for PM under § 60.42Da(a)(2) and (3). (b) Compliance with the NOX emission limitation under § 60.44Da(a)(1) constitutes compliance with the percent reduction requirements under § 60.44Da(a)(2). (c) The PM emission standards under § 60.42Da, the NOX emission standards under § 60.44Da, and the Hg emission standards under § 60.45Da apply at all times except during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction. (d) During emergency conditions in the principal company, an affected facility with a malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system may be operated if SO2 emissions are minimized by: VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (1) Operating all operable flue gas desulfurization system modules, and bringing back into operation any malfunctioned module as soon as repairs are completed, (2) Bypassing flue gases around only those flue gas desulfurization system modules that have been taken out of operation because they were incapable of any SO2 emission reduction or which would have suffered significant physical damage if they had remained in operation, and (3) Designing, constructing, and operating a spare flue gas desulfurization system module for an affected facility larger than 365 MW (1,250 MMBtu/hr) heat input (approximately 125 MW electrical output capacity). The Administrator may at his discretion require the owner or operator within 60 days of PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 notification to demonstrate spare module capability. To demonstrate this capability, the owner or operator must demonstrate compliance with the appropriate requirements under paragraph under § 60.43Da(a), (b), (d), (e), and (h) for any period of operation lasting from 24 hours to 30 days when: (i) Any one flue gas desulfurization module is not operated, (ii) The affected facility is operating at the maximum heat input rate, (iii) The fuel fired during the 24-hour to 30-day period is representative of the type and average sulfur content of fuel used over a typical 30-day period, and (iv) The owner or operator has given the Administrator at least 30 days notice of the date and period of time over which the demonstration will be performed. (e) After the initial performance test required under § 60.8, compliance with E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 the SO2 emission limitations and percentage reduction requirements under § 60.43Da and the NOX emission limitations under § 60.44Da is based on the average emission rate for 30 successive boiler operating days. A separate performance test is completed at the end of each boiler operating day after the initial performance test, and a new 30 day average emission rate for both SO2 and NOX and a new percent reduction for SO2 are calculated to show compliance with the standards. (f) For the initial performance test required under § 60.8, compliance with the SO2 emission limitations and percent reduction requirements under § 60.43Da and the NOX emission limitation under § 60.44Da is based on the average emission rates for SO2, NOX, and percent reduction for SO2 for the first 30 successive boiler operating days. The initial performance test is the only test in which at least 30 days prior notice is required unless otherwise specified by the Administrator. The initial performance test is to be scheduled so that the first boiler operating day of the 30 successive boiler operating days is completed within 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial startup of the facility. (g) The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to emission limitations in this subpart shall determine compliance as follows: (1) Compliance with applicable 30day rolling average SO2 and NOX emission limitations is determined by calculating the arithmetic average of all hourly emission rates for SO2 and NOX for the 30 successive boiler operating days, except for data obtained during startup, shutdown, malfunction (NOX only), or emergency conditions (SO2 only). (2) Compliance with applicable SO2 percentage reduction requirements is determined based on the average inlet and outlet SO2 emission rates for the 30 successive boiler operating days. (3) Compliance with applicable daily average PM emission limitations is determined by calculating the arithmetic average of all hourly emission rates for PM each boiler operating day, except for data obtained during startup, shutdown, and malfunction. Averages are not calculated for boiler operating days with less than 18 hours of valid data. Instead, the valid hourly emission rates are averaged with the immediately following boiler operating day emission rates to determine compliance. VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (h) If an owner or operator has not obtained the minimum quantity of emission data as required under § 60.49Da of this subpart, compliance of the affected facility with the emission requirements under §§ 60.43Da and 60.44Da of this subpart for the day on which the 30-day period ends may be determined by the Administrator by following the applicable procedures in section 7 of Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (i) Compliance provisions for sources subject to § 60.44Da(d)(1), (e)(1), (e)(2)(i), (e)(3)(i), or (f). The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to § 60.44Da(d)(1), (e)(1), (e)(2)(i), (e)(3)(i), or (f) shall calculate NOX emissions by multiplying the average hourly NOX output concentration, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(c), by the average hourly flow rate, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(l), and dividing by the average hourly gross energy output, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(k). (j) Compliance provisions for duct burners subject to § 60.44Da(a)(1). To determine compliance with the emissions limits for NOX required by § 60.44Da(a) for duct burners used in combined cycle systems, either of the procedures described in paragraph (j)(1) or (2) of this section may be used: (1) The owner or operator of an affected duct burner shall conduct the performance test required under § 60.8 using the appropriate methods in appendix A of this part. Compliance with the emissions limits under § 60.44Da(a)(1) is determined on the average of three (nominal 1-hour) runs for the initial and subsequent performance tests. During the performance test, one sampling site shall be located in the exhaust of the turbine prior to the duct burner. A second sampling site shall be located at the outlet from the heat recovery steam generating unit. Measurements shall be taken at both sampling sites during the performance test; or (2) The owner or operator of an affected duct burner may elect to determine compliance by using the continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) specified under § 60.49Da for measuring NOX and oxygen (O2) and meet the requirements of § 60.49Da. Data from a CEMS certified (or recertified) according to the provisions of 40 CFR 75.20, meeting the QA and QC requirements of 40 CFR 75.21, and validated according to 40 CFR 75.23 may be used. The sampling site shall be located at the outlet from the steam generating unit. The NOX emission rate at the outlet from the steam generating PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6343 unit shall constitute the NOX emission rate from the duct burner of the combined cycle system. (k) Compliance provisions for duct burners subject to § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1). To determine compliance with the emission limitation for NOX required by § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1) for duct burners used in combined cycle systems, either of the procedures described in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of this section may be used: (1) The owner or operator of an affected duct burner used in combined cycle systems shall determine compliance with the applicable NOX emission limitation in § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1) as follows: (i) The emission rate (E) of NOX shall be computed using Equation 2 in this section: E= (Csg × Qsg ) − (C te × Q te ) (Osg × h ) (Eg. 2) Where: E = Emission rate of NOX from the duct burner, ng/J (lb/MWh) gross output; Csg = Average hourly concentration of NOX exiting the steam generating unit, ng/ dscm (lb/dscf); Cte = Average hourly concentration of NOX in the turbine exhaust upstream from duct burner, ng/dscm (lb/dscf); Qsg = Average hourly volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas from steam generating unit, dscm/hr (dscf/hr); Qte = Average hourly volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas from combustion turbine, dscm/hr (dscf/hr); Osg = Average hourly gross energy output from steam generating unit, J (MWh); and h = Average hourly fraction of the total heat input to the steam generating unit derived from the combustion of fuel in the affected duct burner. (ii) Method 7E of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the NOX concentrations (Csg and Cte). Method 2, 2F or 2G of appendix A of this part, as appropriate, shall be used to determine the volumetric flow rates (Qsg and Qte) of the exhaust gases. The volumetric flow rate measurements shall be taken at the same time as the concentration measurements. (iii) The owner or operator shall develop, demonstrate, and provide information satisfactory to the Administrator to determine the average hourly gross energy output from the steam generating unit, and the average hourly percentage of the total heat input to the steam generating unit derived from the combustion of fuel in the affected duct burner. (iv) Compliance with the applicable NOX emission limitation in § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1) is determined E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.016</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 6344 E= (Csg × Qsd ) (Occ ) (Eg. 3) rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Where: E = Emission rate of NOX from the duct burner, ng/J (lb/MWh) gross output; Csg = Average hourly concentration of NOX exiting the steam generating unit, ng/ dscm (lb/dscf); Qsg = Average hourly volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas from steam generating unit, dscm/hr (dscf/hr); and Occ = Average hourly gross energy output from entire combined cycle unit, J (MWh). (ii) The CEMS specified under § 60.49Da for measuring NOX and O2 shall be used to determine the average hourly NOX concentrations (Csg). The continuous flow monitoring system specified in § 60.49Da(l) shall be used to determine the volumetric flow rate (Qsg) of the exhaust gas. The sampling site shall be located at the outlet from the steam generating unit. Data from a continuous flow monitoring system certified (or recertified) following procedures specified in 40 CFR 75.20, meeting the quality assurance and quality control requirements of 40 CFR 75.21, and validated according to 40 CFR 75.23 may be used. (iii) The continuous monitoring system specified under § 60.49Da(k) for measuring and determining gross energy output shall be used to determine the average hourly gross energy output from the entire combined cycle unit (Occ), which is the combined output from the combustion turbine and the steam generating unit. (iv) The owner or operator may, in lieu of installing, operating, and recording data from the continuous flow monitoring system specified in § 60.49Da(l), determine the mass rate (lb/hr) of NOX emissions by installing, operating, and maintaining continuous fuel flowmeters following the appropriate measurements procedures specified in appendix D of part 75 of this chapter. If this compliance option is selected, the emission rate (E) of NOX VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 shall be computed using Equation 4 in this section: E= (ER sg × H cc ) (Occ ) (Eg. 4) Where: E = Emission rate of NOX from the duct burner, ng/J (lb/MWh) gross output; ERsg = Average hourly emission rate of NOX exiting the steam generating unit heat input calculated using appropriate F factor as described in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu); Hcc = Average hourly heat input rate of entire combined cycle unit, J/hr (MMBtu/hr); and Occ = Average hourly gross energy output from entire combined cycle unit, J (MWh). (3) When an affected duct burner steam generating unit utilizes a common steam turbine with one or more affected duct burner steam generating units, the owner or operator shall either: (i) Determine compliance with the applicable NOX emissions limits by measuring the emissions combined with the emissions from the other unit(s) utilizing the common steam turbine; or (ii) Develop, demonstrate, and provide information satisfactory to the Administrator on methods for apportioning the combined gross energy output from the steam turbine for each of the affected duct burners. The Administrator may approve such demonstrated substitute methods for apportioning the combined gross energy output measured at the steam turbine whenever the demonstration ensures accurate estimation of emissions regulated under this part. (l) Compliance provisions for sources subject to § 60.45Da. The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to § 60.45Da (new sources constructed or reconstructed after January 30, 2004) shall calculate the Hg emission rate (lb/ MWh) for each calendar month of the year, using hourly Hg concentrations measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(p) in conjunction with hourly stack gas volumetric flow rates measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(l) or (m), and hourly gross electrical outputs, determined according to the provisions in § 60.49Da(k). Compliance with the applicable standard under § 60.45Da is determined on a 12-month rolling average basis. (m) Compliance provisions for sources subject to § 60.43Da(i)(1)(i), (i)(2)(i), (i)(3)(i), (j)(1)(i), (j)(2)(i), or (j)(3)(i). The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to § 60.43Da(i)(1)(i), (i)(2)(i), (i)(3)(i), (j)(1)(i), (j)(2)(i),or (j)(3)(i) shall calculate SO2 emissions by multiplying PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 the average hourly SO2 output concentration, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(b), by the average hourly flow rate, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(l), and divided by the average hourly gross energy output, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(k). (n) Compliance provisions for sources subject to § 60.42Da(c)(1). The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to § 60.42Da(c)(1) shall calculate PM emissions by multiplying the average hourly PM output concentration, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(t), by the average hourly flow rate, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(l), and divided by the average hourly gross energy output, measured according to the provisions of § 60.49Da(k). Compliance with the emission limit is determined by calculating the arithmetic average of the hourly emission rates computed for each boiler operating day. (o) Compliance provisions for sources subject to § 60.42Da(c)(2) or (d). Except as provided for in paragraph (p) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility for which construction, reconstruction, or modification commenced after February 28, 2005, shall demonstrate compliance with each applicable emission limit according to the requirements in paragraphs (o)(1) through (o)(5) of this section. (1) Conduct an initial performance test according to the requirements in § 60.50Da to demonstrate compliance by the applicable date specified in § 60.8(a) and, thereafter, conduct subsequent performance test within 365 calendar days of the prior test, and (2) An owner or operator must use opacity monitoring equipment as an indicator of continuous PM control device performance and demonstrate compliance with § 60.42Da(b). In addition, baseline parameters shall be established as the highest clock hour opacity average (average of 10 6-minute measurements) measured by the continuous opacity monitoring system during the PM performance test. If any clock hour average opacity measurement is more than 110 percent of the baseline level, the owner or operator will conduct another performance test within 45 operating days to demonstrate compliance. A new baseline is established during each PM performance test. The new baseline shall not exceed the opacity limit specified in § 60.42Da(b), and (3) An owner or operator using an ESP to comply with the applicable emission limits shall use voltage and secondary current monitoring equipment to E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.017</MATH> by the three-run average (nominal 1hour runs) for the initial and subsequent performance tests. (2) The owner or operator of an affected duct burner used in a combined cycle system may elect to determine compliance with the applicable NOX emission limitation in § 60.44Da(d)(1) or (e)(1) on a 30-day rolling average basis as indicated in paragraphs (k)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section. (i) The emission rate (E) of NOX shall be computed using Equation 3 in this section: EP09FE07.018</MATH> Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules measure voltage and secondary current to the ESP. Baseline parameters shall be established as average rates measured during the performance test. If a 3-hour average voltage and secondary current average deviates more than 10 percent from the baseline level, the owner or operator will conduct another performance test within 45 operating days to demonstrate compliance. A new baseline is established during each PM performance test, and (4) An owner or operator using a fabric filter to comply with the applicable emission limits shall install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system according to paragraphs (o)(4)(i) through (viii) of this section. (i) Install and operate a bag leak detection system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter. (ii) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer’s written specifications and recommendations and in accordance with the ‘‘Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance’’ (EPA 454/R–98–015, September 1997). This document is available from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA); Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Sector Policies and Programs Division; Measurement Policy Group (D243–02), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. This document is also available on the Technology Transfer Network (TTN) under Emission Measurement Center Continuous Emission Monitoring. (iii) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less. (iv) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative or absolute PM loadings. (v) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor. (vi) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will sound automatically when an increase in relative PM emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is easily heard by plant operating personnel. Corrective actions must be initiated within 1 hour of a bag leak detection system alarm. If the alarm is engaged for more than 5 percent of the total operating time on a 30-day rolling average basis, a performance test must be performed within 45 operating days to demonstrate compliance. VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (vii) For positive pressure fabric filter systems that do not duct all compartments of cells to a common stack, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. (viii) Where multiple bag leak detectors are required, the system’s instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors, and (5) An owner or operator of a modified affected source electing to meet the emission limitations in § 60.42Da(d) shall determine the percent reduction in PM by using the emission rate for PM determined by the performance test conducted according to the requirements in paragraph (o)(1) of this section and the ash content on a mass basis of the fuel burned during each performance test run as determined by analysis of the fuel as fired. (p) As an alternative to meeting the compliance provisions specified in paragraph (o) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to install, certify, maintain, and operate a CEMS measuring PM emissions discharged from the affected facility to the atmosphere and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(8) of this section. (1) The owner or operator shall submit a written notification to the Administrator of intent to demonstrate compliance with this subpart by using a CEMS measuring PM. This notification shall be sent at least 30 calendar days before the initial startup of the monitor for compliance determination purposes. The owner or operator may discontinue operation of the monitor and instead return to demonstration of compliance with this subpart according to the requirements in paragraph (o) of this section by submitting written notification to the Administrator of such intent at least 30 calendar days before shutdown of the monitor for compliance determination purposes. (2) Each CEMS shall be installed, certified, operated, and maintained according to the requirements in § 60.49Da(v). (3) The initial performance evaluation shall be completed no later than 180 days after the date of initial startup of the affected facility, as specified under § 60.8 of subpart A of this part or within 180 days of the date of notification to the Administrator required under paragraph (p)(1) of this section, whichever is later. (4) Compliance with the applicable emissions limit shall be determined based on the 24-hour daily (block) average of the hourly arithmetic average PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6345 emissions concentrations using the continuous monitoring system outlet data. The 24-hour block arithmetic average emission concentration shall be calculated using EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix A of this part, section 4.1. (5) At a minimum, valid CEMS hourly averages shall be obtained for 75 percent of all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis. Beginning on January 1, 2012, valid CEMS hourly averages shall be obtained for 90 percent of all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis. (i) At least two data points per hour shall be used to calculate each 1-hour arithmetic average. (ii) [Reserved] (6) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required shall be expressed in ng/J, MMBtu/hr, or lb/MWh and shall be used to calculate the boiler operating day daily arithmetic average emission concentrations. The 1-hour arithmetic averages shall be calculated using the data points required under § 60.13(e)(2) of subpart A of this part. (7) All valid CEMS data shall be used in calculating average emission concentrations even if the minimum CEMS data requirements of paragraph (j)(5) of this section are not met. (8) When PM emissions data are not obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments, emissions data shall be obtained by using other monitoring systems as approved by the Administrator or EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix A of this part to provide, as necessary, valid emissions data for a minimum of 90 percent (only 75 percent is required prior to January 1, 2012) of all operating hours per 30-day rolling average. § 60.49Da Emission monitoring. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (t) and (u) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility, shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for measuring the opacity of emissions discharged to the atmosphere. If opacity interference due to water droplets exists in the stack (for example, from the use of an FGD system), the opacity is monitored upstream of the interference (at the inlet to the FGD system). If opacity interference is experienced at all locations (both at the inlet and outlet of the SO2 control system), alternate parameters indicative of the PM control system’s performance and/or good combustion are monitored (subject to the approval of the Administrator). E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6346 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (b) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for measuring SO2 emissions, except where natural gas is the only fuel combusted, as follows: (1) Sulfur dioxide emissions are monitored at both the inlet and outlet of the SO2 control device. (2) For a facility that qualifies under the numerical limit provisions of § 60.43Da(d), (i), (j), or (k) SO2 emissions are only monitored as discharged to the atmosphere. (3) An ‘‘as fired’’ fuel monitoring system (upstream of coal pulverizers) meeting the requirements of Method 19 of appendix A of this part may be used to determine potential SO2 emissions in place of a continuous SO2 emission monitor at the inlet to the SO2 control device as required under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (c)(1) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for measuring NOX emissions discharged to the atmosphere; or (2) If the owner or operator has installed a NOX emission rate CEMS to meet the requirements of part 75 of this chapter and is continuing to meet the ongoing requirements of part 75 of this chapter, that CEMS may be used to meet the requirements of this section, except that the owner or operator shall also meet the requirements of § 60.51Da. Data reported to meet the requirements of § 60.51Da shall not include data substituted using the missing data procedures in subpart D of part 75 of this chapter, nor shall the data have been bias adjusted according to the procedures of part 75 of this chapter. (d) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for measuring the O2 or carbon dioxide (CO2) content of the flue gases at each location where SO2 or NOX emissions are monitored. (e) The CEMS under paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section are operated and data recorded during all periods of operation of the affected facility including periods of startup, shutdown, malfunction or emergency conditions, except for CEMS breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments. (f)(1) For units that began construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, the owner or operator shall obtain emission data for at least 18 hours in at least 22 out of 30 successive boiler VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 operating days. If this minimum data requirement cannot be met with CEMS, the owner or operator shall supplement emission data with other monitoring systems approved by the Administrator or the reference methods and procedures as described in paragraph (h) of this section. (2) For units that began construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, the owner or operator shall obtain emission data for at least 90 percent of all operating hours for each 30 successive boiler operating days. If this minimum data requirement cannot be met with a CEMS, the owner or operator shall supplement emission data with other monitoring systems approved by the Administrator or the reference methods and procedures as described in paragraph (h) of this section. (g) The 1-hour averages required under paragraph § 60.13(h) are expressed in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input and used to calculate the average emission rates under § 60.48Da. The 1hour averages are calculated using the data points required under § 60.13(b). At least two data points must be used to calculate the 1-hour averages. (h) When it becomes necessary to supplement CEMS data to meet the minimum data requirements in paragraph (f) of this section, the owner or operator shall use the reference methods and procedures as specified in this paragraph. Acceptable alternative methods and procedures are given in paragraph (j) of this section. (1) Method 6 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the SO2 concentration at the same location as the SO2 monitor. Samples shall be taken at 60-minute intervals. The sampling time and sample volume for each sample shall be at least 20 minutes and 0.020 dscm (0.71 dscf). Each sample represents a 1-hour average. (2) Method 7 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the NOX concentration at the same location as the NOX monitor. Samples shall be taken at 30-minute intervals. The arithmetic average of two consecutive samples represents a 1-hour average. (3) The emission rate correction factor, integrated bag sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the O2 or CO2 concentration at the same location as the O2 or CO2 monitor. Samples shall be taken for at least 30 minutes in each hour. Each sample represents a 1-hour average. (4) The procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part shall be used to compute each 1-hour average PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 concentration in ng/J (1b/MMBtu) heat input. (i) The owner or operator shall use methods and procedures in this paragraph to conduct monitoring system performance evaluations under § 60.13(c) and calibration checks under § 60.13(d). Acceptable alternative methods and procedures are given in paragraph (j) of this section. (1) Methods 3B, 6, and 7 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine O2, SO2, and NOX concentrations, respectively. (2) SO2 or NOX (NO), as applicable, shall be used for preparing the calibration gas mixtures (in N2, as applicable) under Performance Specification 2 of appendix B of this part. (3) For affected facilities burning only fossil fuel, the span value for a CEMS for measuring opacity is between 60 and 80 percent and for a CEMS measuring NOX is determined as follows: Fossil fuel Span values for NOX (ppm) Gas ............................. Liquid .......................... Solid ............................ Combination ............... 500 500 1,000 500(x + y) + 1,000z Where: x = Fraction of total heat input derived from gaseous fossil fuel, y = Fraction of total heat input derived from liquid fossil fuel, and z = Fraction of total heat input derived from solid fossil fuel. (4) All span values computed under paragraph (i)(3) of this section for burning combinations of fossil fuels are rounded to the nearest 500 ppm. (5) For affected facilities burning fossil fuel, alone or in combination with non-fossil fuel, the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control device is 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential emissions of the fuel fired, and the outlet of the SO2 control device is 50 percent of maximum estimated hourly potential emissions of the fuel fired. (j) The owner or operator may use the following as alternatives to the reference methods and procedures specified in this section: (1) For Method 6 of appendix A of this part, Method 6A or 6B (whenever Methods 6 and 3 or 3B of appendix A of this part data are used) or 6C of appendix A of this part may be used. Each Method 6B of appendix A of this part sample obtained over 24 hours represents 24 1-hour averages. If Method 6A or 6B of appendix A of this part is used under paragraph (i) of this section, the conditions under § 60.48Da(d)(1) E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules apply; these conditions do not apply under paragraph (h) of this section. (2) For Method 7 of appendix A of this part, Method 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A of this part may be used. If Method 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A of this part is used, the sampling time for each run shall be 1 hour. (3) For Method 3 of appendix A of this part, Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part may be used if the sampling time is 1 hour. (4) For Method 3B of appendix A of this part, Method 3A of appendix A of this part may be used. (k) The procedures specified in paragraphs (k)(1) through (3) of this section shall be used to determine gross output for sources demonstrating compliance with the output-based standard under § 60.44Da(d)(1). (1) The owner or operator of an affected facility with electricity generation shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a wattmeter; measure gross electrical output in MWh on a continuous basis; and record the output of the monitor. (2) The owner or operator of an affected facility with process steam generation shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate meters for steam flow, temperature, and pressure; measure gross process steam output in joules per hour (or Btu per hour) on a continuous basis; and record the output of the monitor. (3) For affected facilities generating process steam in combination with electrical generation, the gross energy output is determined from the gross electrical output measured in accordance with paragraph (k)(1) of this section plus 75 percent of the gross thermal output (measured relative to ISO conditions) of the process steam measured in accordance with paragraph (k)(2) of this section. (l) The owner or operator of an affected facility demonstrating compliance with an output-based standard under § 60.42Da, § 60.43Da, § 60.44Da, or § 60.45Da shall install, certify, operate, and maintain a continuous flow monitoring system meeting the requirements of Performance Specification 6 of appendix B and procedure 1 of appendix F of this part, and record the output of the system, for measuring the flow of exhaust gases discharged to the atmosphere; or (m) Alternatively, data from a continuous flow monitoring system certified according to the requirements of 40 CFR 75.20, meeting the applicable quality control and quality assurance requirements of 40 CFR 75.21, and VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 validated according to appendix B of part 75 of this chapter, may be used. (n) Gas-fired and oil-fired units. The owner or operator of an affected unit that qualifies as a gas-fired or oil-fired unit, as defined in 40 CFR 72.2, may use, as an alternative to the requirements specified in either paragraph (l) or (m) of this section, a fuel flow monitoring system certified and operated according to the requirements of appendix D of part 75 of this chapter. (o) The owner or operator of a duct burner, as described in § 60.41Da, which is subject to the NOX standards of § 60.44Da(a)(1), (d)(1), or (e)(1) is not required to install or operate a CEMS to measure NOX emissions; a wattmeter to measure gross electrical output; meters to measure steam flow, temperature, and pressure; and a continuous flow monitoring system to measure the flow of exhaust gases discharged to the atmosphere. (p) The owner or operator of an affected facility demonstrating compliance with an Hg limit in § 60.45Da shall install and operate a CEMS to measure and record the concentration of Hg in the exhaust gases from each stack according to the requirements in paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(3) of this section. Alternatively, for an affected facility that is also subject to the requirements of subpart I of part 75 of this chapter, the owner or operator may install, certify, maintain, operate and qualityassure the data from a Hg CEMS according to § 75.10 of this chapter and appendices A and B to part 75 of this chapter, in lieu of following the procedures in paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(3) of this section. (1) The owner or operator must install, operate, and maintain each CEMS according to Performance Specification 12A in appendix B to this part. (2) The owner or operator must conduct a performance evaluation of each CEMS according to the requirements of § 60.13 and Performance Specification 12A in appendix B to this part. (3) The owner or operator must operate each CEMS according to the requirements in paragraphs (p)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section. (i) As specified in § 60.13(e)(2), each CEMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, and data recording) for each successive 15-minute period. (ii) The owner or operator must reduce CEMS data as specified in § 60.13(h). PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6347 (iii) The owner or operator shall use all valid data points collected during the hour to calculate the hourly average Hg concentration. (iv) The owner or operator must record the results of each required certification and quality assurance test of the CEMS. (4) Mercury CEMS data collection must conform to paragraphs (p)(4)(i) through (iv) of this section. (i) For each calendar month in which the affected unit operates, valid hourly Hg concentration data, stack gas volumetric flow rate data, moisture data (if required), and electrical output data (i.e., valid data for all of these parameters) shall be obtained for at least 75 percent of the unit operating hours in the month. (ii) Data reported to meet the requirements of this subpart shall not include hours of unit startup, shutdown, or malfunction. In addition, for an affected facility that is also subject to subpart I of part 75 of this chapter, data reported to meet the requirements of this subpart shall not include data substituted using the missing data procedures in subpart D of part 75 of this chapter, nor shall the data have been bias adjusted according to the procedures of part 75 of this chapter. (iii) If valid data are obtained for less than 75 percent of the unit operating hours in a month, you must discard the data collected in that month and replace the data with the mean of the individual monthly emission rate values determined in the last 12 months. In the 12-month rolling average calculation, this substitute Hg emission rate shall be weighted according to the number of unit operating hours in the month for which the data capture requirement of § 60.49Da(p)(4)(i) was not met. (iv) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (p)(4)(iii) of this section, if valid data are obtained for less than 75 percent of the unit operating hours in another month in that same 12-month rolling average cycle, discard the data collected in that month and replace the data with the highest individual monthly emission rate determined in the last 12 months. In the 12-month rolling average calculation, this substitute Hg emission rate shall be weighted according to the number of unit operating hours in the month for which the data capture requirement of § 60.49Da(p)(4)(i) was not met. (q) As an alternative to the CEMS required in paragraph (p) of this section, the owner or operator may use a sorbent trap monitoring system (as defined in § 72.2 of this chapter) to monitor Hg concentration, according to the procedures described in § 75.15 of this E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules chapter and appendix K to part 75 of this chapter. (r) For Hg CEMS that measure Hg concentration on a dry basis or for sorbent trap monitoring systems, the emissions data must be corrected for the stack gas moisture content. A certified continuous moisture monitoring system that meets the requirements of § 75.11(b) of this chapter is acceptable for this purpose. Alternatively, the appropriate default moisture value, as specified in § 75.11(b) or § 75.12(b) of this chapter, may be used. (s) The owner or operator shall prepare and submit to the Administrator for approval a unit-specific monitoring plan for each monitoring system, at least 45 days before commencing certification testing of the monitoring systems. The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in your plan. The plan must address the requirements in paragraphs (s)(1) through (6) of this section. (1) Installation of the CEMS sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device); (2) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer, and the data collection and reduction systems; (3) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations, relative accuracy test audits (RATA), etc.); (4) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 60.13(d) or part 75 of this chapter (as applicable); (5) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 60.13 or part 75 of this chapter (as applicable); and (6) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the requirements of this subpart. (t) The owner or operator of an affected facility demonstrating compliance with the output-based emissions limitation under § 60.42Da(c)(1) shall install, certify, operate, and maintain a CEMS for measuring PM emissions according to the requirements of paragraph (v) of this section. An owner or operator of an affected source demonstrating compliance with the input-based emission limitation under § 60.42Da(c)(2) may install, certify, operate, and maintain a CEMS for measuring PM emissions according to VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 the requirements of paragraph (v) of this section. (u) An owner or operator of an affected source that meets the conditions in either paragraph (u)(1) or (2) of this section is exempted from the continuous opacity monitoring system requirements in paragraph (a) of this section and the monitoring requirements in § 60.48Da(o). (1) A CEMS for measuring PM emissions is used to demonstrate continuous compliance on a boiler operating day average with the emissions limitations under § 60.42Da(a)(1) or § 60.42Da(c)(2) and is installed, certified, operated, and maintained on the affected source according to the requirements of paragraph (v) of this section; or (2) The affected source burns only gaseous fuels and does not use a post combustion technology to reduce emissions of SO2 or PM. (v) The owner or operator of an affected facility using a CEMS measuring PM emissions to meet requirements of this subpart shall install, certify, operate, and maintain the CEMS as specified in paragraphs (v)(1) through (v)(3). (1) The owner or operator shall conduct a performance evaluation of the CEMS according to the applicable requirements of § 60.13, Performance Specification 11 in appendix B of this part, and procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. (2) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by Performance Specification 11 in appendix B of this part, PM and O2 (or CO2) data shall be collected concurrently (or within a 30-to 60minute period) by both the CEMS and conducting performance tests using the following test methods. (i) For PM, EPA Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall be used. (ii) For O2 (or CO2), EPA Reference Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A of this part, as applicable, shall be used. (3) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests shall be performed in accordance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. Relative Response Audits must be performed annually and Response Correlation Audits must be performed every 3 years. § 60.50Da Compliance determination procedures and methods. (a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the methods in appendix A of this part or the methods PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b). Section 60.8(f) does not apply to this section for SO2 and NOX. Acceptable alternative methods are given in paragraph (e) of this section. (b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the PM standards in § 60.42Da as follows: (1) The dry basis F factor (O2) procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part shall be used to compute the emission rate of PM. (2) For the particular matter concentration, Method 5 of appendix A of this part shall be used at affected facilities without wet FGD systems and Method 5B of appendix A of this part shall be used after wet FGD systems. (i) The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 120 minutes and 1.70 dscm (60 dscf). The probe and filter holder heating system in the sampling train may be set to provide an average gas temperature of no greater than 160 ± 14 °C (320 ± 25 °F). (ii) For each particulate run, the emission rate correction factor, integrated or grab sampling and analysis procedures of Method 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the O2 concentration. The O2 sample shall be obtained simultaneously with, and at the same traverse points as, the particulate run. If the particulate run has more than 12 traverse points, the O2 traverse points may be reduced to 12, provided that Method 1 of appendix A of this part is used to locate the 12 O2 traverse points. If the grab sampling procedure is used, the O2 concentration for the run shall be the arithmetic mean of the sample O2 concentrations at all traverse points. (3) Method 9 of appendix A of this part and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity. (c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the SO2 standards in § 60.43Da as follows: (1) The percent of potential SO2 emissions (%Ps) to the atmosphere shall be computed using the following equation: %Ps = (100 − %R f ) (100 − %R g ) 100 Where: %Ps = Percent of potential SO2 emissions, percent; %Rf = Percent reduction from fuel pretreatment, percent; and %Rg = Percent reduction by SO2 control system, percent. (2) The procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part may be used to determine percent reduction (%Rf) of E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.019</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6348 6349 VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 The SO2 and NOX emission rates from the gas turbine used in Method 19 of appendix A of this part calculations are determined when the gas turbine is performance tested under subpart GG of this part. The potential uncontrolled PM emission rate from a gas turbine is defined as 17 ng/J (0.04 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (g) For the purposes of determining compliance with the emission limits in § 60.45Da, the owner or operator of an electric utility steam generating unit which is also a cogeneration unit shall use the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section to calculate emission rates based on electrical output to the grid plus 75 percent of the equivalent electrical energy (measured relative to ISO conditions) in the unit’s process stream. (1) All conversions from Btu/hr unit input to MW unit output must use equivalents found in 40 CFR 60.40(a)(1) for electric utilities (i.e., 250 MMBtu/hr input to an electric utility steam generating unit is equivalent to 73 MW input to the electric utility steam generating unit); 73 MW input to the electric utility steam generating unit is equivalent to 25 MW output from the boiler electric utility steam generating unit; therefore, 250 MMBtu input to the electric utility steam generating unit is equivalent to 25 MW output from the electric utility steam generating unit). (2) Use the Equation 5 in this section to determine the cogeneration Hg emission rate over a specific compliance period. E= (Vgrid M + 0.75 × Vprocess ) (Eq. 5) Where: ERcogen = Cogeneration Hg emission rate over a compliance period in lb/MWh; E = Mass of Hg emitted from the stack over the same compliance period (lb); Vgrid = Amount of energy sent to the grid over the same compliance period (MWh); and Vprocess = Amount of energy converted to steam for process use over the same compliance period (MWh). (h) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the Hg limit in § 60.45Da according to the procedures in paragraphs (h)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) The initial performance test shall be commenced by the applicable date specified in § 60.8(a). The required CEMS must be certified prior to commencing the test. The performance test consists of collecting hourly Hg emission data (lb/MWh) with the CEMS for 12 successive months of unit operation (excluding hours of unit startup, shutdown and malfunction). PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 The average Hg emission rate is calculated for each month, and then the weighted, 12-month average Hg emission rate is calculated according to paragraph (h)(2) or (h)(3) of this section, as applicable. If, for any month in the initial performance test, the minimum data capture requirement in § 60.49Da(p)(4)(i) is not met, the owner or operator shall report a substitute Hg emission rate for that month, as follows. For the first such month, the substitute monthly Hg emission rate shall be the arithmetic average of all valid hourly Hg emission rates recorded to date. For any subsequent month(s) with insufficient data capture, the substitute monthly Hg emission rate shall be the highest valid hourly Hg emission rate recorded to date. When the 12-month average Hg emission rate for the initial performance test is calculated, for each month in which there was insufficient data capture, the substitute monthly Hg emission rate shall be weighted according to the number of unit operating hours in that month. Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator shall demonstrate compliance by calculating the weighted average of all monthly Hg emission rates (in lb/MWh) for each 12 successive calendar months, excluding data obtained during startup, shutdown, or malfunction. (2) If a CEMS is used to demonstrate compliance, follow the procedures in paragraphs (h)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section to determine the 12-month rolling average. (i) Calculate the total mass of Hg emissions over a month (M), in lb, using either Equation 6 in paragraph (h)(2)(i)(A) of this section or Equation 7 in paragraph (h)(2)(i)(B) of this section, in conjunction with Equation 8 in paragraph (h)(2)(i)(C) of this section. (A) If the Hg CEMS measures Hg concentration on a wet basis, use Equation 6 below to calculate the Hg mass emissions for each valid hour: E = KCh Q h t h (Eq. 6) Where: Eh = Hg mass emissions for the hour, (lb); K = Units conversion constant, 6.24 × 10¥11 lb-scm/µgm-scf; Ch = Hourly Hg concentration, wet basis, (µgm/scm); Qh = Hourly stack gas volumetric flow rate, (scfh); and th = Unit operating time, i.e., the fraction of the hour for which the unit operated. For example, th = 0.50 for a half-hour of unit operation and 1.00 for a full hour of operation. (B) If the Hg CEMS measures Hg concentration on a dry basis, use E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.021</MATH> sulfur by such processes as fuel pretreatment (physical coal cleaning, hydrodesulfurization of fuel oil, etc.), coal pulverizers, and bottom and fly ash interactions. This determination is optional. (3) The procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the percent SO2 reduction (%Rg) of any SO2 control system. Alternatively, a combination of an ‘‘as fired’’ fuel monitor and emission rates measured after the control system, following the procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, may be used if the percent reduction is calculated using the average emission rate from the SO2 control device and the average SO2 input rate from the ‘‘as fired’’ fuel analysis for 30 successive boiler operating days. (4) The appropriate procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the emission rate. (5) The CEMS in § 60.49Da(b) and (d) shall be used to determine the concentrations of SO2 and CO2 or O2. (d) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the NOX standard in § 60.44Da as follows: (1) The appropriate procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the emission rate of NOX. (2) The continuous monitoring system in § 60.49Da(c) and (d) shall be used to determine the concentrations of NOX and CO2 or O2. (e) The owner or operator may use the following as alternatives to the reference methods and procedures specified in this section: (1) For Method 5 or 5B of appendix A of this part, Method 17 of appendix A of this part may be used at facilities with or without wet FGD systems if the stack temperature at the sampling location does not exceed an average temperature of 160°C (320°F). The procedures of §§ 2.1 and 2.3 of Method 5B of appendix A of this part may be used in Method 17 of appendix A of this part only if it is used after wet FGD systems. Method 17 of appendix A of this part shall not be used after wet FGD systems if the effluent is saturated or laden with water droplets. (2) The Fc factor (CO2) procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part may be used to compute the emission rate of PM under the stipulations of § 60.46(d)(1). The CO2 shall be determined in the same manner as the O2 concentration. (f) Electric utility combined cycle gas turbines are performance tested for PM, SO2, and NOX using the procedures of Method 19 of appendix A of this part. EP09FE07.020</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 6350 Where: Eh = Hg mass emissions for the hour, (lb); K = Units conversion constant, 6.24 × 10¥11 lb-scm/µgm-scf; Ch = Hourly Hg concentration, dry basis, (µgm/dscm); Qh = Hourly stack gas volumetric flow rate, (scfh); th = Unit operating time, i.e., the fraction of the hour for which the unit operated; and Bws = Stack gas moisture content, expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., for 8 percent H2O, Bws = 0.08). (C) Use Equation 8, below, to calculate M, the total mass of Hg emitted for the month, by summing the hourly masses derived from Equation 6 or 7 (as applicable): n M = ∑ Eh (Eg. 8) h =1 Where: M = Total Hg mass emissions for the month, (lb); Eh = Hg mass emissions for hour ‘‘h’’, from Equation 6 or 7 of this section, (lb); and n = Number of unit operating hours in the month with valid CE and electrical output data, excluding hours of unit startup, shutdown and malfunction. (ii) Calculate the monthly Hg emission rate on an output basis (lb/ MWh) using Equation 9, below. For a cogeneration unit, use Equation 5 in paragraph (g) of this section instead. ER = M P (Eg. 9) rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Where: ER = Monthly Hg emission rate, (lb/MWh); M = Total mass of Hg emissions for the month, from Equation 8, above, (lb); and P = Total electrical output for the month, for the hours used to calculate M, (MWh). (iii) Until 12 monthly Hg emission rates have been accumulated, calculate and report only the monthly averages. Then, for each subsequent calendar month, use Equation 10 below to calculate the 12-month rolling average as a weighted average of the Hg emission rate for the current month and the Hg emission rates for the previous 11 months, with one exception. Calendar months in which the unit does not operate (zero unit operating hours) shall not be included in the 12-month rolling average. VerDate Aug<31>2005 21:37 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 × ni ) i =1 (Eg. 10) 12 ∑n 1 i =1 Where: Eavg = Weighted 12-month rolling average Hg emission rate, (lb/MWh); ERi = Monthly Hg emission rate, for month ‘‘i’’, (lb/MWh); and n = Number of unit operating hours in month ‘‘i’’ with valid CEM and electrical output data, excluding hours of unit startup, shutdown, and malfunction. (3) If a sorbent trap monitoring system is used in lieu of a Hg CEMS, as described in § 75.15 of this chapter and in appendix K to part 75 of this chapter, calculate the monthly Hg emission rates using Equations 7 through 9 of this section, except that for a particular pair of sorbent traps, Ch in Equation 7 shall be the flow-proportional average Hg concentration measured over the data collection period. (i) Daily calibration drift (CD) tests and quarterly accuracy determinations shall be performed for Hg CEMS in accordance with Procedure 1 of appendix F to this part. For the CD assessments, you may use either elemental mercury or mercuric chloride (Hg° or HgCl2) standards. The four quarterly accuracy determinations shall consist of one RATA and three measurement error (ME) tests using HgCl2 standards, as described in section 8.3 of Performance Specification 12–A in appendix B to this part (note: Hg° standards may be used if the Hg monitor does not have a converter). Alternatively, the owner or operator may implement the applicable daily, weekly, quarterly, and annual quality assurance (QA) requirements for Hg CEMS in appendix B to part 75 of this chapter, in lieu of the QA procedures in appendices B and F to this part. Annual RATA of sorbent trap monitoring systems shall be performed in accordance with appendices A and B to part 75 of this chapter, and all other quality assurance requirements specified in appendix K to part 75 of this chapter shall be met for sorbent trap monitoring systems. § 60.51Da Reporting requirements. (a) For SO2, NOX, PM, and Hg emissions, the performance test data from the initial and subsequent performance test and from the performance evaluation of the continuous monitors (including the transmissometer) are submitted to the Administrator. PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 (b) For SO2 and NOX the following information is reported to the Administrator for each 24-hour period. (1) Calendar date. (2) The average SO2 and NOX emission rates (ng/J or lb/MMBtu) for each 30 successive boiler operating days, ending with the last 30-day period in the quarter; reasons for noncompliance with the emission standards; and, description of corrective actions taken. (3) Percent reduction of the potential combustion concentration of SO2 for each 30 successive boiler operating days, ending with the last 30-day period in the quarter; reasons for noncompliance with the standard; and, description of corrective actions taken. (4) Identification of the boiler operating days for which pollutant or diluent data have not been obtained by an approved method for at least 75 percent of the hours of operation of the facility; justification for not obtaining sufficient data; and description of corrective actions taken. (5) Identification of the times when emissions data have been excluded from the calculation of average emission rates because of startup, shutdown, malfunction (NOX only), emergency conditions (SO2 only), or other reasons, and justification for excluding data for reasons other than startup, shutdown, malfunction, or emergency conditions. (6) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used for calculations, method of determination, and type of fuel combusted. (7) Identification of times when hourly averages have been obtained based on manual sampling methods. (8) Identification of the times when the pollutant concentration exceeded full span of the CEMS. (9) Description of any modifications to CEMS which could affect the ability of the CEMS to comply with Performance Specifications 2 or 3. (c) If the minimum quantity of emission data as required by § 60.49Da is not obtained for any 30 successive boiler operating days, the following information obtained under the requirements of § 60.48Da(h) is reported to the Administrator for that 30-day period: (1) The number of hourly averages available for outlet emission rates (no) and inlet emission rates (ni) as applicable. (2) The standard deviation of hourly averages for outlet emission rates (so) and inlet emission rates (si) as applicable. (3) The lower confidence limit for the mean outlet emission rate (Eo*) and the E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.024</MATH> E ave = (Eg. 7) i EP09FE07.023</MATH> E = KCh Q h t h (1 − Bws ) 12 ∑ (ER EP09FE07.022</MATH> Equation 7 below to calculate the Hg mass emissions for each valid hour: EP09FE07.025</MATH> Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules upper confidence limit for the mean inlet emission rate (Ei*) as applicable. (4) The applicable potential combustion concentration. (5) The ratio of the upper confidence limit for the mean outlet emission rate (Eo*) and the allowable emission rate (Estd) as applicable. (d) If any standards under § 60.43Da are exceeded during emergency conditions because of control system malfunction, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall submit a signed statement: (1) Indicating if emergency conditions existed and requirements under § 60.48Da(d) were met during each period, and (2) Listing the following information: (i) Time periods the emergency condition existed; (ii) Electrical output and demand on the owner or operator’s electric utility system and the affected facility; (iii) Amount of power purchased from interconnected neighboring utility companies during the emergency period; (iv) Percent reduction in emissions achieved; (v) Atmospheric emission rate (ng/J) of the pollutant discharged; and (vi) Actions taken to correct control system malfunction. (e) If fuel pretreatment credit toward the SO2 emission standard under § 60.43Da is claimed, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall submit a signed statement: (1) Indicating what percentage cleaning credit was taken for the calendar quarter, and whether the credit was determined in accordance with the provisions of § 60.50Da and Method 19 of appendix A of this part; and (2) Listing the quantity, heat content, and date each pretreated fuel shipment was received during the previous quarter; the name and location of the fuel pretreatment facility; and the total quantity and total heat content of all fuels received at the affected facility during the previous quarter. (f) For any periods for which opacity, SO2 or NOX emissions data are not available, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall submit a signed statement indicating if any changes were made in operation of the emission control system during the period of data unavailability. Operations of the control system and affected facility during periods of data unavailability are to be compared with operation of the control system and affected facility before and following the period of data unavailability. (g) For Hg, the following information shall be reported to the Administrator: (1) Company name and address; (2) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period; VerDate Aug<31>2005 21:14 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (3) The applicable Hg emission limit (lb/MWh); and (4) For each month in the reporting period: (i) The number of unit operating hours; (ii) The number of unit operating hours with valid data for Hg concentration, stack gas flow rate, moisture (if required), and electrical output; (iii) The monthly Hg emission rate (lb/MWh); (iv) The number of hours of valid data excluded from the calculation of the monthly Hg emission rate, due to unit startup, shutdown and malfunction; and (v) The 12-month rolling average Hg emission rate (lb/MWh); and (5) The data assessment report (DAR) required by appendix F to this part, or an equivalent summary of QA test results if the QA of part 75 of this chapter are implemented. (h) The owner or operator of the affected facility shall submit a signed statement indicating whether: (1) The required CEMS calibration, span, and drift checks or other periodic audits have or have not been performed as specified. (2) The data used to show compliance was or was not obtained in accordance with approved methods and procedures of this part and is representative of plant performance. (3) The minimum data requirements have or have not been met; or, the minimum data requirements have not been met for errors that were unavoidable. (4) Compliance with the standards has or has not been achieved during the reporting period. (i) For the purposes of the reports required under § 60.7, periods of excess emissions are defined as all 6-minute periods during which the average opacity exceeds the applicable opacity standards under § 60.42Da(b). Opacity levels in excess of the applicable opacity standard and the date of such excesses are to be submitted to the Administrator each calendar quarter. (j) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall submit the written reports required under this section and subpart A to the Administrator semiannually for each six-month period. All semiannual reports shall be postmarked by the 30th day following the end of each six-month period. (k) The owner or operator of an affected facility may submit electronic quarterly reports for SO2 and/or NOX and/or opacity and/or Hg in lieu of submitting the written reports required under paragraphs (b), (g), and (i) of this section. The format of each quarterly electronic report shall be coordinated PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6351 with the permitting authority. The electronic report(s) shall be submitted no later than 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter and shall be accompanied by a certification statement from the owner or operator, indicating whether compliance with the applicable emission standards and minimum data requirements of this subpart was achieved during the reporting period. Before submitting reports in the electronic format, the owner or operator shall coordinate with the permitting authority to obtain their agreement to submit reports in this alternative format. § 60.52Da Recordkeeping requirements. The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the emissions limitations in § 60.45Da shall provide notifications in accordance with § 60.7(a) and shall maintain records of all information needed to demonstrate compliance including performance tests, monitoring data, fuel analyses, and calculations, consistent with the requirements of § 60.7(f). Subpart Db—[Amended] 5. Subpart Db is revised to read as follows: Subpart Db—Standards of Performance for IndustrialCommercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units Sec. 60.40b Applicability and delegation of authority. 60.41b Definitions. 60.42b Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). 60.43b Standard for particulate matter (PM). 60.44b Standard for nitrogen oxides (NOX). 60.45b Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide. 60.46b Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. 60.47b Emission monitoring for sulfur dioxide. 60.48b Emission monitoring for particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. 60.49b Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Subpart Db—Standards of Performance for IndustrialCommercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units § 60.40b Applicability and delegation of authority. (a) The affected facility to which this subpart applies is each steam generating unit that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6352 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules June 19, 1984, and that has a heat input capacity from fuels combusted in the steam generating unit of greater than 29 megawatts (MW) (100 million British thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr)). (b) Any affected facility meeting the applicability requirements under paragraph (a) of this section and commencing construction, modification, or reconstruction after June 19, 1984, but on or before June 19, 1986, is subject to the following standards: (1) Coal-fired affected facilities having a heat input capacity between 29 and 73 MW (100 and 250 MMBtu/hr), inclusive, are subject to the particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) standards under this subpart. (2) Coal-fired affected facilities having a heat input capacity greater than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) and meeting the applicability requirements under subpart D (Standards of performance for fossil-fuel-fired steam generators; § 60.40) are subject to the PM and NOX standards under this subpart and to the sulfur dioxide (SO2) standards under subpart D (§ 60.43). (3) Oil-fired affected facilities having a heat input capacity between 29 and 73 MW (100 and 250 MMBtu/hr), inclusive, are subject to the NOX standards under this subpart. (4) Oil-fired affected facilities having a heat input capacity greater than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) and meeting the applicability requirements under subpart D (Standards of performance for fossil-fuel-fired steam generators; § 60.40) are also subject to the NOX standards under this subpart and the PM and SO2 standards under subpart D (§ 60.42 and § 60.43). (c) Affected facilities that also meet the applicability requirements under subpart J (Standards of performance for petroleum refineries; § 60.104) are subject to the PM and NOX standards under this subpart and the SO2 standards under subpart J (§ 60.104). (d) Affected facilities that also meet the applicability requirements under subpart E (Standards of performance for incinerators; § 60.50) are subject to the NOX and PM standards under this subpart. (e) Steam generating units meeting the applicability requirements under subpart Da (Standards of performance for electric utility steam generating units; § 60.40Da) are not subject to this subpart. (f) Any change to an existing steam generating unit for the sole purpose of combusting gases containing total reduced sulfur (TRS) as defined under § 60.281 is not considered a modification under § 60.14 and the VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 steam generating unit is not subject to this subpart. (g) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a State under section 111(c) of the Clean Air Act, the following authorities shall be retained by the Administrator and not transferred to a State. (1) Section 60.44b(f). (2) Section 60.44b(g). (3) Section 60.49b(a)(4). (h) Any affected facility that meets the applicability requirements and is subject to subpart Ea, subpart Eb, or subpart AAAA of this part is not covered by this subpart. (i) Heat recovery steam generators that are associated with combined cycle gas turbines and that meet the applicability requirements of subpart GG or KKKK of this part are not subject to this subpart. This subpart will continue to apply to all other heat recovery steam generators that are capable of combusting more than 29 MW (100 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil fuel. If the heat recovery steam generator is subject to this subpart, only emissions resulting from combustion of fuels in the steam generating unit are subject to this subpart. (The gas turbine emissions are subject to subpart GG or KKKK, as applicable, of this part.) (j) Any affected facility meeting the applicability requirements under paragraph (a) of this section and commencing construction, modification, or reconstruction after June 19, 1986 is not subject to subpart D (Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators, § 60.40). (k) Any affected facility that meets the applicability requirements and is subject to an EPA approved State or Federal section 111(d)/129 plan implementing subpart Cb or subpart BBBB of this part is not covered by this subpart. § 60.41b Definitions. As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act and in subpart A of this part. Annual capacity factor means the ratio between the actual heat input to a steam generating unit from the fuels listed in § 60.42b(a), § 60.43b(a), or § 60.44b(a), as applicable, during a calendar year and the potential heat input to the steam generating unit had it been operated for 8,760 hours during a calendar year at the maximum steady state design heat input capacity. In the case of steam generating units that are rented or leased, the actual heat input shall be determined based on the combined heat input from all operations of the affected facility in a calendar year. PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 Byproduct/waste means any liquid or gaseous substance produced at chemical manufacturing plants, petroleum refineries, or pulp and paper mills (except natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil) and combusted in a steam generating unit for heat recovery or for disposal. Gaseous substances with carbon dioxide (CO2) levels greater than 50 percent or carbon monoxide levels greater than 10 percent are not byproduct/waste for the purpose of this subpart. Chemical manufacturing plants mean industrial plants that are classified by the Department of Commerce under Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 28. Coal means all solid fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), coal refuse, and petroleum coke. Coalderived synthetic fuels, including but not limited to solvent refined coal, gasified coal, coal-oil mixtures, coke oven gas, and coal-water mixtures, are also included in this definition for the purposes of this subpart. Coal refuse means any byproduct of coal mining or coal cleaning operations with an ash content greater than 50 percent, by weight, and a heating value less than 13,900 kJ/kg (6,000 Btu/lb) on a dry basis. Cogeneration, also known as combined heat and power, means a facility that simultaneously produces both electric (or mechanical) and useful thermal energy from the same primary energy source. Coke oven gas means the volatile constituents generated in the gaseous exhaust during the carbonization of bituminous coal to form coke. Combined cycle system means a system in which a separate source, such as a gas turbine, internal combustion engine, kiln, etc., provides exhaust gas to a steam generating unit. Conventional technology means wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technology, dry FGD technology, atmospheric fluidized bed combustion technology, and oil hydrodesulfurization technology. Distillate oil means fuel oils that contain 0.05 weight percent nitrogen or less and comply with the specifications for fuel oil numbers 1 and 2, as defined by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D396 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Dry flue gas desulfurization technology means a SO2 control system that is located downstream of the steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a dry powder material. This definition includes devices where the dry powder material is subsequently converted to another form. Alkaline slurries or solutions used in dry flue gas desulfurization technology include but are not limited to lime and sodium. Duct burner means a device that combusts fuel and that is placed in the exhaust duct from another source, such as a stationary gas turbine, internal combustion engine, kiln, etc., to allow the firing of additional fuel to heat the exhaust gases before the exhaust gases enter a steam generating unit. Emerging technology means any SO2 control system that is not defined as a conventional technology under this section, and for which the owner or operator of the facility has applied to the Administrator and received approval to operate as an emerging technology under § 60.49b(a)(4). Federally enforceable means all limitations and conditions that are enforceable by the Administrator, including the requirements of 40 CFR parts 60 and 61, requirements within any applicable State Implementation Plan, and any permit requirements established under 40 CFR 52.21 or under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24. Fluidized bed combustion technology means combustion of fuel in a bed or series of beds (including but not limited to bubbling bed units and circulating bed units) of limestone aggregate (or other sorbent materials) in which these materials are forced upward by the flow of combustion air and the gaseous products of combustion. Fuel pretreatment means a process that removes a portion of the sulfur in a fuel before combustion of the fuel in a steam generating unit. Full capacity means operation of the steam generating unit at 90 percent or more of the maximum steady-state design heat input capacity. Gaseous fuel means any fuel that is present as a gas at ISO conditions. Gross output means the gross useful work performed by the steam generated. For units generating only electricity, the gross useful work performed is the gross electrical output from the turbine/ generator set. For cogeneration units, the gross useful work performed is the gross electrical or mechanical output plus 75 percent of the useful thermal output measured relative to ISO conditions that is not used to generate additional electrical or mechanical output (i.e., steam delivered to an industrial process). VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 Heat input means heat derived from combustion of fuel in a steam generating unit and does not include the heat derived from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gases, or exhaust gases from other sources, such as gas turbines, internal combustion engines, kilns, etc. Heat release rate means the steam generating unit design heat input capacity (in MW or Btu/hr) divided by the furnace volume (in cubic meters or cubic feet); the furnace volume is that volume bounded by the front furnace wall where the burner is located, the furnace side waterwall, and extending to the level just below or in front of the first row of convection pass tubes. Heat transfer medium means any material that is used to transfer heat from one point to another point. High heat release rate means a heat release rate greater than 730,000 J/sec– m3 (70,000 Btu/hr–ft3). ISO Conditions means a temperature of 288 Kelvin, a relative humidity of 60 percent, and a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals. Lignite means a type of coal classified as lignite A or lignite B by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Low heat release rate means a heat release rate of 730,000 J/sec–m3 (70,000 Btu/hr–ft3) or less. Mass-feed stoker steam generating unit means a steam generating unit where solid fuel is introduced directly into a retort or is fed directly onto a grate where it is combusted. Maximum heat input capacity means the ability of a steam generating unit to combust a stated maximum amount of fuel on a steady state basis, as determined by the physical design and characteristics of the steam generating unit. Municipal-type solid waste means refuse, more than 50 percent of which is waste consisting of a mixture of paper, wood, yard wastes, food wastes, plastics, leather, rubber, and other combustible materials, and noncombustible materials such as glass and rock. Natural gas means: (1) A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the earth’s surface, of which the principal constituent is methane; or (2) liquefied petroleum gas, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D1835 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Noncontinental area means the State of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana Islands. PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6353 Oil means crude oil or petroleum or a liquid fuel derived from crude oil or petroleum, including distillate and residual oil. Petroleum refinery means industrial plants as classified by the Department of Commerce under Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 29. Potential sulfur dioxide emission rate means the theoretical SO2 emissions (nanograms per joule (ng/J) or lb/ MMBtu heat input) that would result from combusting fuel in an uncleaned state and without using emission control systems. Process heater means a device that is primarily used to heat a material to initiate or promote a chemical reaction in which the material participates as a reactant or catalyst. Pulp and paper mills means industrial plants that are classified by the Department of Commerce under North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code 322 or Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 26. Pulverized coal-fired steam generating unit means a steam generating unit in which pulverized coal is introduced into an air stream that carries the coal to the combustion chamber of the steam generating unit where it is fired in suspension. This includes both conventional pulverized coal-fired and micropulverized coal-fired steam generating units. Residual oil means crude oil, fuel oil numbers 1 and 2 that have a nitrogen content greater than 0.05 weight percent, and all fuel oil numbers 4, 5 and 6, as defined by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D396 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Spreader stoker steam generating unit means a steam generating unit in which solid fuel is introduced to the combustion zone by a mechanism that throws the fuel onto a grate from above. Combustion takes place both in suspension and on the grate. Steam generating unit means a device that combusts any fuel or byproduct/ waste and produces steam or heats water or any other heat transfer medium. This term includes any municipal-type solid waste incinerator with a heat recovery steam generating unit or any steam generating unit that combusts fuel and is part of a cogeneration system or a combined cycle system. This term does not include process heaters as they are defined in this subpart. Steam generating unit operating day means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the steam generating unit. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6354 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), (d), or (k) of this section, on and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, that combusts coal or oil shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) or 10 percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 emission rate (90 percent reduction) and the emission limit determined according to the following formula: VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (K a H a + K b H b ) (K a H b ) Hd = Heat input from the combustion of oil, in J (MMBtu). Where: Es = SO2 emission limit, in ng/J or lb/ MM Btu heat input; Ka = 520 ng/J (or 1.2 lb/MMBtu); Kb = 340 ng/J (or 0.80 lb/MMBtu); Ha = Heat input from the combustion of coal, in J (MMBtu); and Hb = Heat input from the combustion of oil, in J (MMBtu). Only the heat input supplied to the affected facility from the combustion of coal and oil is counted under this section. No credit is provided for the heat input to the affected facility from the combustion of natural gas, wood, municipal-type solid waste, or other fuels or heat derived from exhaust gases from other sources, such as gas turbines, internal combustion engines, kilns, etc. (b) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, that combusts coal refuse alone in a fluidized bed combustion steam generating unit shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) or 20 percent (0.20) of the potential SO2 emission rate (80 percent reduction) and 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If coal or oil is fired with coal refuse, the affected facility is subject to paragraph (a) or (d) of this section, as applicable. (c) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal or oil, either alone or in combination with any other fuel, and that uses an emerging technology for the control of SO2 emissions, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 50 percent of the potential SO2 emission rate (50 percent reduction) and that contain SO2 in excess of the emission limit determined according to the following formula: Es = (K c H c + K d H d ) (K c + H d ) Where: Es = SO2 emission limit, in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input; Kc = 260 ng/J (or 1.2 lb/MMBtu); Kd = 170 ng/J (or 0.80 lb/MMBtu); Hc = Heat input from the combustion of coal, in J (MMBtu); and PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 Only the heat input supplied to the affected facility from the combustion of coal and oil is counted under this section. No credit is provided for the heat input to the affected facility from the combustion of natural gas, wood, municipal-type solid waste, or other fuels, or from the heat input derived from exhaust gases from other sources, such as gas turbines, internal combustion engines, kilns, etc. (d) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005 and listed in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), (3), or (4) of this section shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/ MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal, or 215 ng/J (0.5 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts oil other than very low sulfur oil. Percent reduction requirements are not applicable to affected facilities under paragraphs (d)(1), (2), (3) or (4) of this section. (1) Affected facilities that have an annual capacity factor for coal and oil of 30 percent (0.30) or less and are subject to a federally enforceable permit limiting the operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor for coal and oil of 30 percent (0.30) or less; (2) Affected facilities located in a noncontinental area; or (3) Affected facilities combusting coal or oil, alone or in combination with any fuel, in a duct burner as part of a combined cycle system where 30 percent (0.30) or less of the heat entering the steam generating unit is from combustion of coal and oil in the duct burner and 70 percent (0.70) or more of the heat entering the steam generating unit is from the exhaust gases entering the duct burner; or (4) The affected facility burns coke oven gas alone or in combination with natural gas or very low sulfur distillate oil. (e) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, compliance with the emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, and/or percent reduction requirements under this section are determined on a 30-day rolling average basis. (f) Except as provided in paragraph (j)(2) of this section, compliance with the emission limits or fuel oil sulfur limits under this section is determined on a 24-hour average basis for affected E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.027</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.42b Es = EP09FE07.026</MATH> It is not necessary for fuel to be combusted continuously for the entire 24-hour period. Very low sulfur oil means for units constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before February 28, 2005, an oil that contains no more than 0.5 weight percent sulfur or that, when combusted without SO2 emission control, has a SO2 emission rate equal to or less than 215 ng/J (0.5 lb/MMBtu) heat input. For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified after February 28, 2005, very low sulfur oil means an oil that contains no more than 0.3 weight percent sulfur or that, when combusted without SO2 emission control, has a SO2 emission rate equal to or less than 140 ng/J (0.32 lb/MMBtu) heat input. Wet flue gas desulfurization technology means a SO2 control system that is located downstream of the steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gas with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a liquid material. This definition applies to devices where the aqueous liquid material product of this contact is subsequently converted to other forms. Alkaline reagents used in wet flue gas desulfurization technology include, but are not limited to, lime, limestone, and sodium. Wet scrubber system means any emission control device that mixes an aqueous stream or slurry with the exhaust gases from a steam generating unit to control emissions of PM or SO2. Wood means wood, wood residue, bark, or any derivative fuel or residue thereof, in any form, including, but not limited to, sawdust, sanderdust, wood chips, scraps, slabs, millings, shavings, and processed pellets made from wood or other forest residues. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules facilities that (1) have a federally enforceable permit limiting the annual capacity factor for oil to 10 percent or less, (2) combust only very low sulfur oil, and (3) do not combust any other fuel. (g) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, the SO2 emission limits and percent reduction requirements under this section apply at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction. (h) Reductions in the potential SO2 emission rate through fuel pretreatment are not credited toward the percent reduction requirement under paragraph (c) of this section unless: (1) Fuel pretreatment results in a 50 percent or greater reduction in potential SO2 emissions and (2) Emissions from the pretreated fuel (without combustion or post combustion SO2 control) are equal to or less than the emission limits specified in paragraph (c) of this section. (i) An affected facility subject to paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this section may combust very low sulfur oil or natural gas when the SO2 control system is not being operated because of malfunction or maintenance of the SO2 control system. (j) Percent reduction requirements are not applicable to affected facilities combusting only very low sulfur oil. The owner or operator of an affected facility combusting very low sulfur oil shall demonstrate that the oil meets the definition of very low sulfur oil by: (1) Following the performance testing procedures as described in § 60.45b(c) or § 60.45b(d), and following the monitoring procedures as described in § 60.47b(a) or § 60.47b(b) to determine SO2 emission rate or fuel oil sulfur content; or (2) maintaining fuel records as described in § 60.49b(r). (k)(1) Except as provided in paragraphs (k)(2), (k)(3), and (k)(4) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts coal, oil, natural gas, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or 8 percent (0.08) of the potential SO2 emission rate (92 percent reduction) and 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (2) Units firing only very low sulfur oil and/or a mixture of gaseous fuels VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 with a potential SO2 emission rate of 140 ng/J (0.32 lb/MMBtu) heat input or less are exempt from the SO2 emissions limit in paragraph 60.42b(k)(1). (3) Units that are located in a noncontinental area and that combust coal or oil shall not discharge any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal, or 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts oil. (4) As an alternative to meeting the requirements under paragraph (k)(1) of this section, modified facilities that combust coal or a mixture of coal with other fuels shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or 10 percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 emission rate (90 percent reduction) and 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. § 60.43b (PM). Standard for particulate matter (a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005 that combusts coal or combusts mixtures of coal with other fuels, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of the following emission limits: (1) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat input, (i) If the affected facility combusts only coal, or (ii) If the affected facility combusts coal and other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels of 10 percent (0.10) or less. (2) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal and other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels greater than 10 percent (0.10) and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor greater than 10 percent (0.10) for fuels other than coal. (3) 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal or coal and other fuels and (i) Has an annual capacity factor for coal or coal and other fuels of 30 percent (0.30) or less, (ii) Has a maximum heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less, (iii) Has a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6355 factor of 30 percent (0.30) or less for coal or coal and other solid fuels, and (iv) Construction of the affected facility commenced after June 19, 1984, and before November 25, 1986. (4) An affected facility burning coke oven gas alone or in combination with other fuels not subject to a PM standard under § 60.43b and not using a post combustion technology (except a wet scrubber) for reducing PM or SO2 emissions is not subject to the PM limits under § 60.43b(a). (b) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, and that combusts oil (or mixtures of oil with other fuels) and uses a conventional or emerging technology to reduce SO2 emissions shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (c) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, and that combusts wood, or wood with other fuels, except coal, shall cause to be discharged from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of the following emission limits: (1) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility has an annual capacity factor greater than 30 percent (0.30) for wood. (2) 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input if (i) The affected facility has an annual capacity factor of 30 percent (0.30) or less for wood; (ii) Is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor of 30 percent (0.30) or less for wood; and (iii) Has a maximum heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less. (d) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts municipal-type solid waste or mixtures of municipal-type solid waste with other fuels, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6356 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules contain PM in excess of the following emission limits: (1) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input; (i) If the affected facility combusts only municipal-type solid waste; or (ii) If the affected facility combusts municipal-type solid waste and other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels of 10 percent (0.10) or less. (2) 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts municipal-type solid waste or municipal-type solid waste and other fuels; and (i) Has an annual capacity factor for municipal-type solid waste and other fuels of 30 percent (0.30) or less; (ii) Has a maximum heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less; (iii) Has a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor of 30 percent (0.30) or less for municipal-type solid waste, or municipal-type solid waste and other fuels; and (iv) Construction of the affected facility commenced after June 19, 1984, but on or before November 25, 1986. (e) For the purposes of this section, the annual capacity factor is determined by dividing the actual heat input to the steam generating unit during the calendar year from the combustion of coal, wood, or municipal-type solid waste, and other fuels, as applicable, by the potential heat input to the steam generating unit if the steam generating unit had been operated for 8,760 hours at the maximum heat input capacity. (f) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal, oil, wood, or mixtures of these fuels with any other fuels shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity (6minute average), except for one 6minute period per hour of not more than 27 percent opacity. (g) The PM and opacity standards apply at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown or malfunction. (h)(1) Except as provided in paragraphs (h)(2), (h)(3), (h)(4), and (h)(5) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of 13 ng/J (0.030 lb/MMBtu) heat input, (2) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility for which modification commenced after February 28, 2005, may elect to meet the requirements of this paragraph. On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences modification after February 28, 2005 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of both: (i) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat input derived from the combustion of coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels; and (ii) 0.2 percent of the combustion concentration (99.8 percent reduction) when combusting coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels. (3) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts over 30 percent wood (by heat input) on an annual basis and has a maximum heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/h) or less shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/ MMBtu) heat input. (4) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts over 30 percent wood (by heat input) on an annual basis and has a maximum heat input capacity greater than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/h) shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of 37 ng/J (0.085 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (5) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts only oil that contains no more than 0.3 weight percent sulfur, coke oven gas, a mixture of these fuels, or either fuel (or a mixture of these fuels) in combination with other fuels not subject to a PM standard under § 60.43b and not using a post combustion technology (except a wet scrubber) to reduce SO2 or PM emissions is subject to the PM limits under § 60.43b(h)(1). § 60.44b (NOX). Standard for nitrogen oxides (a) Except as provided under paragraphs (k) and (l) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that is subject to the provisions of this section and that combusts only coal, oil, or natural gas shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of the following emission limits: Nitrogen Oxide Emission Limits (expressed as NO2) Heat Input Fuel/steam generating unit type rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL ng/J (1) Natural gas and distillate oil, except (4): (i) Low heat release rate .......................................................................................................................................... (ii) High heat release rate ......................................................................................................................................... (2) Residual oil: (i) Low heat release rate .......................................................................................................................................... (ii) High heat release rate ......................................................................................................................................... (3) Coal: VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 lb/MMBtu 43 86 0.10 0.20 130 170 0.30 0.40 6357 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Nitrogen Oxide Emission Limits (expressed as NO2) Heat Input Fuel/steam generating unit type ng/J (i) Mass-feed stoker .................................................................................................................................................. (ii) Spreader stoker and fluidized bed combustion .................................................................................................. (iii) Pulverized coal ................................................................................................................................................... (iv) Lignite, except (v) ............................................................................................................................................... (v) Lignite mined in North Dakota, South Dakota, or Montana and combusted in a slag tap furnace ................... (vi) Coal-derived synthetic fuels ............................................................................................................................... (4) Duct burner used in a combined cycle system: (i) Low heat release rate .......................................................................................................................................... (ii) High heat release rate 43 ................................................................................................................................... (ELgo H go ) + (EL ro H ro ) + (ELc H c ) (H go + H ro + H c ) rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Where: En = NOX emission limit (expressed as NO2), ng/J (lb/MMBtu); ELgo = Appropriate emission limit from paragraph (a)(1) for combustion of natural gas or distillate oil, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu); Hgo = Heat input from combustion of natural gas or distillate oil, J (MMBtu); ELro = Appropriate emission limit from paragraph (a)(2) for combustion of residual oil, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); Hro = Heat input from combustion of residual oil, J (MMBtu); ELc = Appropriate emission limit from paragraph (a)(3) for combustion of coal, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and Hc = Heat input from combustion of coal, J (MMBtu). (c) Except as provided under paragraph (l) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that simultaneously combusts coal or oil, or a mixture of these fuels with natural gas, and wood, municipal-type solid waste, or any other fuel shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX in excess of the emission limit for the coal or oil, or mixtures of these fuels with natural gas combusted in the affected facility, as determined pursuant to paragraph (a) or VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 En = PO 00000 (ELgo H go ) + (EL ro H ro ) + (ELc H c ) Frm 00039 (H go + H ro + H c ) Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.60 0.80 0.50 86 170 0.20 0.40 Where: En = NOX emission limit (expressed as NO2), ng/J (lb/MMBtu); ELgo = Appropriate emission limit from paragraph (a)(1) for combustion of natural gas or distillate oil, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu); Hgo = Heat input from combustion of natural gas, distillate oil and gaseous byproduct/ waste, J (MMBtu); ELro = Appropriate emission limit from paragraph (a)(2) for combustion of residual oil and/or byproduct/waste, ng/ J (lb/MMBtu); Hro = Heat input from combustion of residual oil, J (MMBtu); ELc = Appropriate emission limit from paragraph (a)(3) for combustion of coal, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and Hc = Heat input from combustion of coal, J (MMBtu). (f) Any owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts byproduct/waste with either natural gas or oil may petition the Administrator within 180 days of the initial startup of the affected facility to establish a NOX emission limit that shall apply specifically to that affected facility when the byproduct/waste is combusted. The petition shall include sufficient and appropriate data, as determined by the Administrator, such as NOX emissions from the affected facility, waste composition (including nitrogen content), and combustion conditions to allow the Administrator to confirm that the affected facility is unable to comply with the emission limits in paragraph (e) of this section and to determine the appropriate emission limit for the affected facility. (1) Any owner or operator of an affected facility petitioning for a facilityspecific NOX emission limit under this section shall: (i) Demonstrate compliance with the emission limits for natural gas and distillate oil in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or for residual oil in paragraph (a)(2) or (l)(1) of this section, as appropriate, by conducting a 30-day performance test as provided in § 60.46b(e). During the performance test only natural gas, distillate oil, or E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.029</MATH> En = (b) of this section, unless the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for coal or oil, or mixture of these fuels with natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or less and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement that limits operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor of 10 percent (0.10) or less for coal, oil, or a mixture of these fuels with natural gas. (d) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that simultaneously combusts natural gas with wood, municipal-type solid waste, or other solid fuel, except coal, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain NOX in excess of 130 ng/J (0.30 lb/MMBtu) heat input unless the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or less and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement that limits operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor of 10 percent (0.10) or less for natural gas. (e) Except as provided under paragraph (l) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that simultaneously combusts coal, oil, or natural gas with byproduct/waste shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain NOX in excess of the emission limit determined by the following formula unless the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for coal, oil, and natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or less and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement that limits operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor of 10 percent (0.10) or less: 210 260 300 260 340 210 EP09FE07.028</MATH> (b) Except as provided under paragraphs (k) and (l) of this section, on and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that simultaneously combusts mixtures of coal, oil, or natural gas shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain NOX in excess of a limit determined by the use of the following formula: lb/MMBtu Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules residual oil shall be combusted in the affected facility; and (ii) Demonstrate that the affected facility is unable to comply with the emission limits for natural gas and distillate oil in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or for residual oil in paragraph (a)(2) or (l)(1) of this section, as appropriate, when gaseous or liquid byproduct/waste is combusted in the affected facility under the same conditions and using the same technological system of emission reduction applied when demonstrating compliance under paragraph (f)(1)(i) of this section. (2) The NOX emission limits for natural gas or distillate oil in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or for residual oil in paragraph (a)(2) or (l)(1) of this section, as appropriate, shall be applicable to the affected facility until and unless the petition is approved by the Administrator. If the petition is approved by the Administrator, a facility-specific NOX emission limit will be established at the NOX emission level achievable when the affected facility is combusting oil or natural gas and byproduct/waste in a manner that the Administrator determines to be consistent with minimizing NOX emissions. In lieu of amending this subpart, a letter will be sent to the facility describing the facility-specific NOX limit. The facility shall use the compliance procedures detailed in the letter and make the letter available to the public. If the Administrator determines it is appropriate, the conditions and requirements of the letter can be reviewed and changed at any point. (g) Any owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts hazardous waste (as defined by 40 CFR part 261 or 40 CFR part 761) with natural gas or oil may petition the Administrator within 180 days of the initial startup of the affected facility for a waiver from compliance with the NOX emission limit that applies specifically to that affected facility. The petition must include sufficient and appropriate data, as determined by the Administrator, on NOX emissions from the affected facility, waste destruction efficiencies, waste composition (including nitrogen content), the quantity of specific wastes to be combusted and combustion conditions to allow the Administrator to determine if the affected facility is able to comply with the NOX emission limits required by this section. The owner or operator of the affected facility shall demonstrate that when hazardous waste is combusted in the affected facility, thermal destruction efficiency VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 requirements for hazardous waste specified in an applicable federally enforceable requirement preclude compliance with the NOX emission limits of this section. The NOX emission limits for natural gas or distillate oil in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or for residual oil in paragraph (a)(2) or (l)(1) of this section, as appropriate, are applicable to the affected facility until and unless the petition is approved by the Administrator. (See 40 CFR 761.70 for regulations applicable to the incineration of materials containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s).) In lieu of amending this subpart, a letter will be sent to the facility describing the facility-specific NOX limit. The facility shall use the compliance procedures detailed in the letter and make the letter available to the public. If the Administrator determines it is appropriate, the conditions and requirements of the letter can be reviewed and changed at any point. (h) For purposes of paragraph (i) of this section, the NOX standards under this section apply at all times including periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction. (i) Except as provided under paragraph (j) of this section, compliance with the emission limits under this section is determined on a 30-day rolling average basis. (j) Compliance with the emission limits under this section is determined on a 24-hour average basis for the initial performance test and on a 3-hour average basis for subsequent performance tests for any affected facilities that: (1) Combust, alone or in combination, only natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil with a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less; (2) Have a combined annual capacity factor of 10 percent or less for natural gas, distillate oil, and residual oil with a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less; and (3) Are subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to the firing of natural gas, distillate oil, and/ or residual oil with a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less and limiting operation of the affected facility to a combined annual capacity factor of 10 percent or less for natural gas, distillate oil, and residual oil with a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less. (k) Affected facilities that meet the criteria described in paragraphs (j)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, and that have a heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less, are not subject to the NOX emission limits under this section. PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 (l) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction or reconstruction after July 9, 1997 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain NOX (expressed as NO2) in excess of the following limits: (1) If the affected facility combusts coal, oil, or natural gas, or a mixture of these fuels, or with any other fuels: A limit of 86 ng/JI (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input unless the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for coal, oil, and natural gas of 10 percent (0.10) or less and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement that limits operation of the facility to an annual capacity factor of 10 percent (0.10) or less for coal, oil, and natural gas; or (2) If the affected facility has a low heat release rate and combusts natural gas or distillate oil in excess of 30 percent of the heat input on a 30-day rolling average from the combustion of all fuels, a limit determined by use of the following formula: En = (0.10 × H go ) + (0.20 × H r ) (H go + H r ) Where: En = NOX emission limit (lb/MMBtu); Hgo = 30-day heat input from combustion of natural gas or distillate oil; and Hr = 30-day heat input from combustion of any other fuel. (3) After February 27, 2006, units where more than 33 percent of total annual output is electrical or mechanical may comply with an optional limit of 270 ng/J (2.1 lb/MWh) gross energy output, based on a 30-day rolling average. Units complying with this output-based limit must demonstrate compliance according to the procedures of § 60.48Da(i) of subpart Da of this part, and must monitor emissions according to § 60.49Da(c), (k), through (n) of subpart Da of this part. § 60.45b Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide. (a) The SO2 emission standards under § 60.42b apply at all times. Facilities burning coke oven gas alone or in combination with any other gaseous fuels or distillate oil and complying with the fuel based limit under § 60.42b(k)(2) are allowed to exceed the limit 30 operating days per calendar year for by-product plant maintenance. (b) In conducting the performance tests required under § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use the methods and E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.030</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6358 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL (3) If coal or oil is combusted with other fuels, the same procedures required in paragraph (c)(2) of this section are used, except as provided in the following: (i) An adjusted hourly SO2 emission rate (Ehoo) is used in Equation 19–19 of Method 19 of appendix A of this part to compute an adjusted 30-day average VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 E ho − E w (1 − X k ) Xk Where: Ehoo = Adjusted hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/ J (lb/MMBtu); Eho = Hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu); Ew = SO2 concentration in fuels other than coal and oil combusted in the affected facility, as determined by the fuel sampling and analysis procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/MMBtu). The value Ew for each fuel lot is used for each hourly average during the time that the lot is being combusted; and Xk = Fraction of total heat input from fuel combustion derived from coal, oil, or coal and oil, as determined by applicable procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (ii) To compute the percent of potential SO2 emission rate (%Ps), an adjusted %Rg (%Rgo) is computed from the adjusted Eaoo from paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section and an adjusted average SO2 inlet rate (Eaio) using the following formula:  Eo  %R o = 100 1.0 − ao  g Eo  ai  To compute Eaio, an adjusted hourly SO2 inlet rate (Ehio) is used. The Ehio is computed using the following formula: Eo = hi E hi − E w (1 − X k ) Xk Where: Ehio = Adjusted hourly SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and Ehi = Hourly SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/MMBtu). (4) The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to paragraph (b)(3) of this section does not have to measure parameters Ew or Xk if the owner or operator elects to assume that Xk = 1.0. Owners or operators of affected facilities who assume Xk = 1.0 shall: (i) Determine %Ps following the procedures in paragraph (c)(2) of this section; and (ii) Sulfur dioxide emissions (Es) are considered to be in compliance with SO2 emission limits under § 60.42b. (5) The owner or operator of an affected facility that qualifies under the provisions of § 60.42b(d) does not have to measure parameters Ew or Xk under paragraph (b)(3) of this section if the owner or operator of the affected facility elects to measure SO2 emission rates of the coal or oil following the fuel PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.034</MATH> Where: %Ps = Potential SO2 emission rate, percent; %Rg = SO2 removal efficiency of the control device as determined by Method 19 of appendix A of this part, in percent; and %Rf = SO2 removal efficiency of fuel pretreatment as determined by Method 19 of appendix A of this part, in percent. Eo = ho sampling and analysis procedures under Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (d) Except as provided in paragraph (j) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts only very low sulfur oil, has an annual capacity factor for oil of 10 percent (0.10) or less, and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor for oil of 10 percent (0.10) or less shall: (1) Conduct the initial performance test over 24 consecutive steam generating unit operating hours at full load; (2) Determine compliance with the standards after the initial performance test based on the arithmetic average of the hourly emissions data during each steam generating unit operating day if a CEMS is used, or based on a daily average if Method 6B of appendix A of this part or fuel sampling and analysis procedures under Method 19 of appendix A of this part are used. (e) The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to § 60.42b(d)(1) shall demonstrate the maximum design capacity of the steam generating unit by operating the facility at maximum capacity for 24 hours. This demonstration will be made during the initial performance test and a subsequent demonstration may be requested at any other time. If the 24hour average firing rate for the affected facility is less than the maximum design capacity provided by the manufacturer of the affected facility, the 24-hour average firing rate shall be used to determine the capacity utilization rate for the affected facility, otherwise the maximum design capacity provided by the manufacturer is used. (f) For the initial performance test required under § 60.8, compliance with the SO2 emission limits and percent reduction requirements under § 60.42b is based on the average emission rates and the average percent reduction for SO2 for the first 30 consecutive steam generating unit operating days, except as provided under paragraph (d) of this section. The initial performance test is the only test for which at least 30 days prior notice is required unless otherwise specified by the Administrator. The initial performance test is to be scheduled so that the first steam generating unit operating day of the 30 successive steam generating unit operating days is completed within 30 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial startup of the facility. The boiler load during the 30day period does not have to be the EP09FE07.033</MATH> %R g    %R f  %Ps = 100 1 −  1 − 100   100    emission rate (Eaoo). The Ehoo is computed using the following formula: EP09FE07.032</MATH> procedures in appendix A (including fuel certification and sampling) of this part or the methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b). Section 60.8(f) does not apply to this section. The 30day notice required in § 60.8(d) applies only to the initial performance test unless otherwise specified by the Administrator. (c) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct performance tests to determine compliance with the percent of potential SO2 emission rate (% Ps) and the SO2 emission rate (Es) pursuant to § 60.42b following the procedures listed below, except as provided under paragraph (d) and (k) of this section. (1) The initial performance test shall be conducted over 30 consecutive operating days of the steam generating unit. Compliance with the SO2 standards shall be determined using a 30-day average. The first operating day included in the initial performance test shall be scheduled within 30 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial startup of the facility. (2) If only coal, only oil, or a mixture of coal and oil is combusted, the following procedures are used: (i) The procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part are used to determine the hourly SO2 emission rate (Eho) and the 30-day average emission rate (Eao). The hourly averages used to compute the 30-day averages are obtained from the continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) of § 60.47b (a) or (b). (ii) The percent of potential SO2 emission rate (%Ps) emitted to the atmosphere is computed using the following formula: 6359 EP09FE07.031</MATH> Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules 6360 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules maximum design load, but must be representative of future operating conditions and include at least one 24hour period at full load. (g) After the initial performance test required under § 60.8, compliance with the SO2 emission limits and percent reduction requirements under § 60.42b is based on the average emission rates and the average percent reduction for SO2 for 30 successive steam generating unit operating days, except as provided under paragraph (d). A separate performance test is completed at the end of each steam generating unit operating day after the initial performance test, and a new 30-day average emission rate and percent reduction for SO2 are calculated to show compliance with the standard. (h) Except as provided under paragraph (i) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall use all valid SO2 emissions data in calculating %Ps and Eho under paragraph (c), of this section whether or not the minimum emissions data requirements under § 60.46b are achieved. All valid emissions data, including valid SO2 emission data collected during periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction, shall be used in calculating %Ps and Eho pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section. (i) During periods of malfunction or maintenance of the SO2 control systems when oil is combusted as provided under § 60.42b(i), emission data are not used to calculate %Ps or Es under § 60.42b (a), (b) or (c), however, the emissions data are used to determine compliance with the emission limit under § 60.42b(i). (j) The owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts very low sulfur oil is not subject to the compliance and performance testing requirements of this section if the owner or operator obtains fuel receipts as described in § 60.49b(r). (k) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance under §§ 60.42b(d)(4), 60.42b(j), and 60.42b(k)(2) shall follow the applicable procedures under § 60.49b(r). rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.46b Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. (a) The PM emission standards and opacity limits under § 60.43b apply at all times except during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction. The NOX emission standards under § 60.44b apply at all times. (b) Compliance with the PM emission standards under § 60.43b shall be determined through performance testing VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 as described in paragraph (d) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section. (c) Compliance with the NOX emission standards under § 60.44b shall be determined through performance testing under paragraph (e) or (f), or under paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section, as applicable. (d) To determine compliance with the PM emission limits and opacity limits under § 60.43b, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct an initial performance test as required under § 60.8, and shall conduct subsequent performance tests as requested by the Administrator, using the following procedures and reference methods: (1) Method 3B of appendix A of this part is used for gas analysis when applying Method 5 or 17 of appendix A of this part. (2) Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall be used to measure the concentration of PM as follows: (i) Method 5 of appendix A of this part shall be used at affected facilities without wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems; and (ii) Method 17 of appendix A of this part may be used at facilities with or without wet scrubber systems provided the stack gas temperature does not exceed a temperature of 160 °C (32 °F). The procedures of sections 2.1 and 2.3 of Method 5B of appendix A of this part may be used in Method 17 of appendix A of this part only if it is used after a wet FGD system. Do not use Method 17 of appendix A of this part after wet FGD systems if the effluent is saturated or laden with water droplets. (iii) Method 5B of appendix A of this part is to be used only after wet FGD systems. (3) Method 1 of appendix A of this part is used to select the sampling site and the number of traverse sampling points. The sampling time for each run is at least 120 minutes and the minimum sampling volume is 1.7 dscm (60 dscf) except that smaller sampling times or volumes may be approved by the Administrator when necessitated by process variables or other factors. (4) For Method 5 of appendix A of this part, the temperature of the sample gas in the probe and filter holder is monitored and is maintained at 160±14 °C (320±25 °F). (5) For determination of PM emissions, the oxygen (O2) or CO2 sample is obtained simultaneously with each run of Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part by traversing the duct at the same sampling location. (6) For each run using Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part, the PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 emission rate expressed in ng/J heat input is determined using: (i) The O2 or CO2 measurements and PM measurements obtained under this section; (ii) The dry basis F factor; and (iii) The dry basis emission rate calculation procedure contained in Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (7) Method 9 of appendix A of this part is used for determining the opacity of stack emissions. (e) To determine compliance with the emission limits for NOX required under § 60.44b, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct the performance test as required under § 60.8 using the continuous system for monitoring NOX under § 60.48(b). (1) For the initial compliance test, NOX from the steam generating unit are monitored for 30 successive steam generating unit operating days and the 30-day average emission rate is used to determine compliance with the NOX emission standards under § 60.44b. The 30-day average emission rate is calculated as the average of all hourly emissions data recorded by the monitoring system during the 30-day test period. (2) Following the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the owner or operator of an affected facility which combusts coal or which combusts residual oil having a nitrogen content greater than 0.30 weight percent shall determine compliance with the NOX emission standards under § 60.44b on a continuous basis through the use of a 30-day rolling average emission rate. A new 30-day rolling average emission rate is calculated each steam generating unit operating day as the average of all of the hourly NOX emission data for the preceding 30 steam generating unit operating days. (3) Following the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the owner or operator of an affected facility that has a heat input capacity greater than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) and that combusts natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil having a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less shall determine compliance with the NOX standards under § 60.44b on a continuous basis through the use of a 30-day rolling average emission rate. A new 30-day rolling average emission rate is calculated each steam generating unit operating day as the average of all of the hourly NOX emission data for the preceding 30 steam generating unit operating days. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 (4) Following the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the owner or operator of an affected facility that has a heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less and that combusts natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil having a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less shall upon request determine compliance with the NOX standards under § 60.44b through the use of a 30-day performance test. During periods when performance tests are not requested, NOX emissions data collected pursuant to § 60.48b(g)(1) or § 60.48b(g)(2) are used to calculate a 30day rolling average emission rate on a daily basis and used to prepare excess emission reports, but will not be used to determine compliance with the NOX emission standards. A new 30-day rolling average emission rate is calculated each steam generating unit operating day as the average of all of the hourly NOX emission data for the preceding 30 steam generating unit operating days. (5) If the owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts residual oil does not sample and analyze the residual oil for nitrogen content, as specified in § 60.49b(e), the requirements of § 60.48b(g)(1) apply and the provisions of § 60.48b(g)(2) are inapplicable. (f) To determine compliance with the emissions limits for NOX required by § 60.44b(a)(4) or § 60.44b(l) for duct burners used in combined cycle systems, either of the procedures described in paragraph (f)(1) or (2) of this section may be used: (1) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct the performance test required under § 60.8 as follows: (i) The emissions rate (E) of NOX shall be computed using Equation 1 in this section: rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL  Hg  E = E sg +   ( E sg − E g )  Hb  (Eq. 1) Where: E = Emissions rate of NOX from the duct burner, ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input; Esg = Combined effluent emissions rate, in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input using appropriate F factor as described in Method 19 of appendix A of this part; Hg = Heat input rate to the combustion turbine, in J/hr (MMBtu/hr); Hb = Heat input rate to the duct burner, in J/hr (MMBtu/hr); and Eg = Emissions rate from the combustion turbine, in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input calculated using appropriate F factor as described in Method 19 of appendix A of this part. VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (ii) Method 7E of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine the NOX concentrations. Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part shall be used to determine O2 concentration. (iii) The owner or operator shall identify and demonstrate to the Administrator’s satisfaction suitable methods to determine the average hourly heat input rate to the combustion turbine and the average hourly heat input rate to the affected duct burner. (iv) Compliance with the emissions limits under § 60.44b (a)(4) or § 60.44b(l) is determined by the three-run average (nominal 1-hour runs) for the initial and subsequent performance tests; or (2) The owner or operator of an affected facility may elect to determine compliance on a 30-day rolling average basis by using the CEMS specified under § 60.48b for measuring NOX and O2 and meet the requirements of § 60.48b. The sampling site shall be located at the outlet from the steam generating unit. The NOX emissions rate at the outlet from the steam generating unit shall constitute the NOX emissions rate from the duct burner of the combined cycle system. (g) The owner or operator of an affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) or § 60.44b(k) shall demonstrate the maximum heat input capacity of the steam generating unit by operating the facility at maximum capacity for 24 hours. The owner or operator of an affected facility shall determine the maximum heat input capacity using the heat loss method described in sections 5 and 7.3 of the ASME Power Test Codes 4.1 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). This demonstration of maximum heat input capacity shall be made during the initial performance test for affected facilities that meet the criteria of § 60.44b(j). It shall be made within 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial start-up of each facility, for affected facilities meeting the criteria of § 60.44b(k). Subsequent demonstrations may be required by the Administrator at any other time. If this demonstration indicates that the maximum heat input capacity of the affected facility is less than that stated by the manufacturer of the affected facility, the maximum heat input capacity determined during this demonstration shall be used to determine the capacity utilization rate for the affected facility. Otherwise, the maximum heat input capacity provided by the manufacturer is used. (h) The owner or operator of an affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6361 that has a heat input capacity greater than 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) shall: (1) Conduct an initial performance test as required under § 60.8 over a minimum of 24 consecutive steam generating unit operating hours at maximum heat input capacity to demonstrate compliance with the NOX emission standards under § 60.44b using Method 7, 7A, 7E of appendix A of this part, or other approved reference methods; and (2) Conduct subsequent performance tests once per calendar year or every 400 hours of operation (whichever comes first) to demonstrate compliance with the NOX emission standards under § 60.44b over a minimum of 3 consecutive steam generating unit operating hours at maximum heat input capacity using Method 7, 7A, 7E of appendix A of this part, or other approved reference methods. (i) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance under paragraph § 60.43b(h)(5) shall follow the applicable procedures under § 60.49b(r). (j) In place of PM testing with EPA Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part, an owner or operator may elect to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for monitoring PM emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility who elects to continuously monitor PM emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (j)(1) through (j)(13) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator one month before starting use of the system. (2) Notify the Administrator one month before stopping use of the system. (3) The monitor shall be installed, evaluated, and operated in accordance with § 60.13 of subpart A of this part. (4) The initial performance evaluation shall be completed no later than 180 days after the date of initial startup of the affected facility, as specified under § 60.8 of subpart A of this part or within 180 days of notification to the Administrator of use of the CEMS if the owner or operator was previously determining compliance by Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part performance tests, whichever is later. (5) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct an initial performance test for PM emissions as required under § 60.8 of subpart A of this part. Compliance with the PM emission limit shall be determined by E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.035</MATH> Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6362 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules using the CEMS specified in paragraph (j) of this section to measure PM and calculating a 24-hour block arithmetic average emission concentration using EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix A of this part, section 4.1. (6) Compliance with the PM emission limit shall be determined based on the 24-hour daily (block) average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. (7) At a minimum, valid CEMS hourly averages shall be obtained as specified in paragraphs (j)(7)(i) of this section for 75 percent of the total operating hours per 30-day rolling average. (i) At least two data points per hour shall be used to calculate each 1-hour arithmetic average. (8) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under paragraph (j)(7) of this section shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/ MMBtu heat input and shall be used to calculate the boiler operating day daily arithmetic average emission concentrations. The 1-hour arithmetic averages shall be calculated using the data points required under § 60.13(e)(2) of subpart A of this part. (9) All valid CEMS data shall be used in calculating average emission concentrations even if the minimum CEMS data requirements of paragraph (j)(7) of this section are not met. (10) The CEMS shall be operated according to Performance Specification 11 in appendix B of this part. (11) During the correlation testing runs of the CEMS required by Performance Specification 11 in appendix B of this part, PM and O2 (or CO2) data shall be collected concurrently (or within a 30-to 60minute period) by both the continuous emission monitors and the test methods specified in paragraph (j)(7)(i) of this section. (i) For PM, EPA Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall be used. (ii) For O2 (or CO2), EPA reference Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A of this part, as applicable shall be used. (12) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests shall be performed in accordance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. Relative Response Audits must be performed annually and Response Correlation Audits must be performed every 3 years. (13) When PM emissions data are not obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments, emissions data shall be obtained by using other monitoring systems as approved by the Administrator or EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix A of this part to provide, VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 as necessary, valid emissions data for a minimum of 75 percent of total operating hours per 30-day rolling average. § 60.47b dioxide. Emission monitoring for sulfur (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (g) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the SO2 standards under § 60.42b shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate CEMS for measuring SO2 concentrations and either O2 or CO2 concentrations and shall record the output of the systems. For units complying with the percent reduction standard, the SO2 and either O2 or CO2 concentrations shall both be monitored at the inlet and outlet of the SO2 control device. (b) As an alternative to operating CEMS as required under paragraph (a) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to determine the average SO2 emissions and percent reduction by: (1) Collecting coal or oil samples in an as-fired condition at the inlet to the steam generating unit and analyzing them for sulfur and heat content according to Method 19 of appendix A of this part. Method 19 of appendix A of this part provides procedures for converting these measurements into the format to be used in calculating the average SO2 input rate, or (2) Measuring SO2 according to Method 6B of appendix A of this part at the inlet or outlet to the SO2 control system. An initial stratification test is required to verify the adequacy of the Method 6B of appendix A of this part sampling location. The stratification test shall consist of three paired runs of a suitable SO2 and CO2 measurement train operated at the candidate location and a second similar train operated according to the procedures in section 3.2 and the applicable procedures in section 7 of Performance Specification 2. Method 6B of appendix A of this part, Method 6A of appendix A of this part, or a combination of Methods 6 and 3 or 3B of appendix A of this part or Methods 6C and 3A of appendix A of this part are suitable measurement techniques. If Method 6B of appendix A of this part is used for the second train, sampling time and timer operation may be adjusted for the stratification test as long as an adequate sample volume is collected; however, both sampling trains are to be operated similarly. For the location to be adequate for Method 6B of appendix A of this part 24-hour tests, the mean of the absolute difference between the three paired runs must be less than 10 percent. (3) A daily SO2 emission rate, ED, shall be determined using the procedure PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 described in Method 6A of appendix A of this part, section 7.6.2 (Equation 6A– 8) and stated in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) heat input. (4) The mean 30-day emission rate is calculated using the daily measured values in ng/J (lb/MMBtu) for 30 successive steam generating unit operating days using equation 19–20 of Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (c) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall obtain emission data for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in at least 22 out of 30 successive boiler operating days. If this minimum data requirement is not met with a single monitoring system, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall supplement the emission data with data collected with other monitoring systems as approved by the Administrator or the reference methods and procedures as described in paragraph (b) of this section. (d) The 1-hour average SO2 emission rates measured by the CEMS required by paragraph (a) of this section and required under § 60.13(h) is expressed in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input and is used to calculate the average emission rates under § 60.42(b). Each 1-hour average SO2 emission rate must be based on 30 or more minutes of steam generating unit operation. The hourly averages shall be calculated according to § 60.13(h)(2). Hourly SO2 emission rates are not calculated if the affected facility is operated less than 30 minutes in a given clock hour and are not counted toward determination of a steam generating unit operating day. (e) The procedures under § 60.13 shall be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS. (1) All CEMS shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under Performance Specifications 1, 2, and 3 of appendix B of this part. (2) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests shall be performed in accordance with Procedure 1 of appendix F of this part. (3) For affected facilities combusting coal or oil, alone or in combination with other fuels, the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control device is 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emissions of the fuel combusted, and the span value of the CEMS at the outlet to the SO2 control device is 50 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emissions of the fuel combusted. (f) The owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts very low sulfur oil or is demonstrating compliance under § 60.45b(k) is not E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules subject to the emission monitoring requirements under paragraph (a) of this section if the owner or operator maintains fuel records as described in § 60.49b(r). rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.48b Emission monitoring for particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (j) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the opacity standard under § 60.43b shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring the opacity of emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. (b) Except as provided under paragraphs (g), (h), and (i) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility subject to a NOX standard under § 60.44b shall comply with either paragraphs (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section. (1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for measuring NOX emissions discharged to the atmosphere; or (2) If the owner or operator has installed a NOX emission rate CEMS to meet the requirements of part 75 of this chapter and is continuing to meet the ongoing requirements of part 75 of this chapter, that CEMS may be used to meet the requirements of this section, except that the owner or operator shall also meet the requirements of § 60.49b. Data reported to meet the requirements of § 60.49b shall not include data substituted using the missing data procedures in subpart D of part 75 of this chapter, nor shall the data have been bias adjusted according to the procedures of part 75 of this chapter. (c) The CEMS required under paragraph (b) of this section shall be operated and data recorded during all periods of operation of the affected facility except for CEMS breakdowns and repairs. Data is recorded during calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments. (d) The 1-hour average NOX emission rates measured by the continuous NOX monitor required by paragraph (b) of this section and required under § 60.13(h) shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input and shall be used to calculate the average emission rates under § 60.44b. The 1-hour averages shall be calculated using the data points required under § 60.13(h)(2). (e) The procedures under § 60.13 shall be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the continuous monitoring systems. (1) For affected facilities combusting coal, wood or municipal-type solid waste, the span value for a continuous VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 monitoring system for measuring opacity shall be between 60 and 80 percent. (2) For affected facilities combusting coal, oil, or natural gas, the span value for NOX is determined as follows: Fuel Span values for NOX (ppm) Natural gas ................... Oil ................................. Coal .............................. Mixtures ........................ 500 500 1,000 500(x + y) + 1,000z Where: x = Fraction of total heat input derived from natural gas; y = Fraction of total heat input derived from oil; and z = Fraction of total heat input derived from coal. (3) All span values computed under paragraph (e)(2) of this section for combusting mixtures of regulated fuels are rounded to the nearest 500 ppm. (f) When NOX emission data are not obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks and zero and span adjustments, emission data will be obtained by using standby monitoring systems, Method 7 of appendix A of this part, Method 7A of appendix A of this part, or other approved reference methods to provide emission data for a minimum of 75 percent of the operating hours in each steam generating unit operating day, in at least 22 out of 30 successive steam generating unit operating days. (g) The owner or operator of an affected facility that has a heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less, and that has an annual capacity factor for residual oil having a nitrogen content of 0.30 weight percent or less, natural gas, distillate oil, or any mixture of these fuels, greater than 10 percent (0.10) shall: (1) Comply with the provisions of paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (e)(2), (e)(3), and (f) of this section; or (2) Monitor steam generating unit operating conditions and predict NOX emission rates as specified in a plan submitted pursuant to § 60.49b(c). (h) The owner or operator of a duct burner, as described in § 60.41b, that is subject to the NOX standards of § 60.44b(a)(4) or § 60.44b(l) is not required to install or operate a continuous emissions monitoring system to measure NOX emissions. (i) The owner or operator of an affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) or § 60.44b(k) is not required to install or operate a CEMS for measuring NOX emissions. PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6363 (j) Units are not required to operate COMS for measuring opacity if: (1) The affected facility uses a PM CEMS to monitor PM emissions; or (2) The affected facility burns only liquid (excluding residual oil) or gaseous fuels with potential SO2 emissions rates of 26 ng/J (0.060 lb/ MMBtu) or less and does not use a post combustion technology to reduce SO2 or PM emissions. The owner or operator must maintain fuel records of the sulfur content of the fuels burned, as described under § 60.49b(r); or (3) The affected facility burns coke oven gas alone or in combination with fuels meeting the criteria in paragraph (j)(2) of this section and does not use a post combustion technology to reduce SO2 or PM emissions. (k) Owners or operators complying with the PM emission limit by using a PM CEMS monitor instead of monitoring opacity must calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for PM emissions discharged to the atmosphere as specified in § 60.46b(j). The CEMS specified in paragraph § 60.46b(j) shall be operated and data recorded during all periods of operation of the affected facility except for CEMS breakdowns and repairs. Data is recorded during calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments. § 60.49b Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (a) The owner or operator of each affected facility shall submit notification of the date of initial startup, as provided by § 60.7. This notification shall include: (1) The design heat input capacity of the affected facility and identification of the fuels to be combusted in the affected facility; (2) If applicable, a copy of any federally enforceable requirement that limits the annual capacity factor for any fuel or mixture of fuels under §§ 60.42b(d)(1), 60.43b(a)(2), (a)(3)(iii), (c)(2)(ii), (d)(2)(iii), 60.44b(c), (d), (e), (i), (j), (k), 60.45b(d), (g), 60.46b(h), or 60.48b(i); (3) The annual capacity factor at which the owner or operator anticipates operating the facility based on all fuels fired and based on each individual fuel fired; and (4) Notification that an emerging technology will be used for controlling emissions of SO2. The Administrator will examine the description of the emerging technology and will determine whether the technology qualifies as an emerging technology. In making this determination, the Administrator may require the owner or operator of the E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6364 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules affected facility to submit additional information concerning the control device. The affected facility is subject to the provisions of § 60.42b(a) unless and until this determination is made by the Administrator. (b) The owner or operator of each affected facility subject to the SO2, PM, and/or NOX emission limits under §§ 60.42b, 60.43b, and 60.44b shall submit to the Administrator the performance test data from the initial performance test and the performance evaluation of the CEMS using the applicable performance specifications in appendix B of this part. The owner or operator of each affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) or § 60.44b(k) shall submit to the Administrator the maximum heat input capacity data from the demonstration of the maximum heat input capacity of the affected facility. (c) The owner or operator of each affected facility subject to the NOX standard of § 60.44b who seeks to demonstrate compliance with those standards through the monitoring of steam generating unit operating conditions under the provisions of § 60.48b(g)(2) shall submit to the Administrator for approval a plan that identifies the operating conditions to be monitored under § 60.48b(g)(2) and the records to be maintained under § 60.49b(j). This plan shall be submitted to the Administrator for approval within 360 days of the initial startup of the affected facility. If the plan is approved, the owner or operator shall maintain records of predicted nitrogen oxide emission rates and the monitored operating conditions, including steam generating unit load, identified in the plan. The plan shall: (1) Identify the specific operating conditions to be monitored and the relationship between these operating conditions and NOX emission rates (i.e., ng/J or lbs/MMBtu heat input). Steam generating unit operating conditions include, but are not limited to, the degree of staged combustion (i.e., the ratio of primary air to secondary and/or tertiary air) and the level of excess air (i.e., flue gas O2 level); (2) Include the data and information that the owner or operator used to identify the relationship between NOX emission rates and these operating conditions; and (3) Identify how these operating conditions, including steam generating unit load, will be monitored under § 60.48b(g) on an hourly basis by the owner or operator during the period of operation of the affected facility; the quality assurance procedures or practices that will be employed to ensure that the data generated by VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 monitoring these operating conditions will be representative and accurate; and the type and format of the records of these operating conditions, including steam generating unit load, that will be maintained by the owner or operator under § 60.49b(j). (d) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall record and maintain records of the amounts of each fuel combusted during each day and calculate the annual capacity factor individually for coal, distillate oil, residual oil, natural gas, wood, and municipal-type solid waste for the reporting period. The annual capacity factor is determined on a 12-month rolling average basis with a new annual capacity factor calculated at the end of each calendar month. (e) For an affected facility that combusts residual oil and meets the criteria under §§ 60.46b(e)(4), 60.44b (j), or (k), the owner or operator shall maintain records of the nitrogen content of the residual oil combusted in the affected facility and calculate the average fuel nitrogen content for the reporting period. The nitrogen content shall be determined using ASTM Method D4629 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), or fuel suppliers. If residual oil blends are being combusted, fuel nitrogen specifications may be prorated based on the ratio of residual oils of different nitrogen content in the fuel blend. (f) For facilities subject to the opacity standard under § 60.43b, the owner or operator shall maintain records of opacity. (g) Except as provided under paragraph (p) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the NOX standards under § 60.44b shall maintain records of the following information for each steam generating unit operating day: (1) Calendar date; (2) The average hourly NOX emission rates (expressed as NO2) (ng/J or lb/ MMBtu heat input) measured or predicted; (3) The 30-day average NOX emission rates (ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input) calculated at the end of each steam generating unit operating day from the measured or predicted hourly nitrogen oxide emission rates for the preceding 30 steam generating unit operating days; (4) Identification of the steam generating unit operating days when the calculated 30-day average NOX emission rates are in excess of the NOX emissions standards under § 60.44b, with the reasons for such excess emissions as well as a description of corrective actions taken; PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 (5) Identification of the steam generating unit operating days for which pollutant data have not been obtained, including reasons for not obtaining sufficient data and a description of corrective actions taken; (6) Identification of the times when emission data have been excluded from the calculation of average emission rates and the reasons for excluding data; (7) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used for calculations, method of determination, and type of fuel combusted; (8) Identification of the times when the pollutant concentration exceeded full span of the CEMS; (9) Description of any modifications to the CEMS that could affect the ability of the CEMS to comply with Performance Specification 2 or 3; and (10) Results of daily CEMS drift tests and quarterly accuracy assessments as required under appendix F, Procedure 1 of this part. (h) The owner or operator of any affected facility in any category listed in paragraphs (h) (1) or (2) of this section is required to submit excess emission reports for any excess emissions that occurred during the reporting period. (1) Any affected facility subject to the opacity standards under § 60.43b(e) or to the operating parameter monitoring requirements under § 60.13(i)(1). (2) Any affected facility that is subject to the NOX standard of § 60.44b, and that: (i) Combusts natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil with a nitrogen content of 0.3 weight percent or less; or (ii) Has a heat input capacity of 73 MW (250 MMBtu/hr) or less and is required to monitor NOX emissions on a continuous basis under § 60.48b(g)(1) or steam generating unit operating conditions under § 60.48b(g)(2). (3) For the purpose of § 60.43b, excess emissions are defined as all 6-minute periods during which the average opacity exceeds the opacity standards under § 60.43b(f). (4) For purposes of § 60.48b(g)(1), excess emissions are defined as any calculated 30-day rolling average NOX emission rate, as determined under § 60.46b(e), that exceeds the applicable emission limits in § 60.44b. (i) The owner or operator of any affected facility subject to the continuous monitoring requirements for NOX under § 60.48(b) shall submit reports containing the information recorded under paragraph (g) of this section. (j) The owner or operator of any affected facility subject to the SO2 standards under § 60.42b shall submit reports. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (k) For each affected facility subject to the compliance and performance testing requirements of § 60.45b and the reporting requirement in paragraph (j) of this section, the following information shall be reported to the Administrator: (1) Calendar dates covered in the reporting period; (2) Each 30-day average SO2 emission rate (ng/J or 1b/MMBtu heat input) measured during the reporting period, ending with the last 30-day period; reasons for noncompliance with the emission standards; and a description of corrective actions taken; (3) Each 30-day average percent reduction in SO2 emissions calculated during the reporting period, ending with the last 30-day period; reasons for noncompliance with the emission standards; and a description of corrective actions taken; (4) Identification of the steam generating unit operating days that coal or oil was combusted and for which SO2 or diluent (O2 or CO2) data have not been obtained by an approved method for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in the steam generating unit operating day; justification for not obtaining sufficient data; and description of corrective action taken; (5) Identification of the times when emissions data have been excluded from the calculation of average emission rates; justification for excluding data; and description of corrective action taken if data have been excluded for periods other than those during which coal or oil were not combusted in the steam generating unit; (6) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used for calculations, method of determination, and type of fuel combusted; (7) Identification of times when hourly averages have been obtained based on manual sampling methods; (8) Identification of the times when the pollutant concentration exceeded full span of the CEMS; (9) Description of any modifications to the CEMS that could affect the ability of the CEMS to comply with Performance Specification 2 or 3; (10) Results of daily CEMS drift tests and quarterly accuracy assessments as required under appendix F, Procedure 1 of this part; and (11) The annual capacity factor of each fired as provided under paragraph (d) of this section. (l) For each affected facility subject to the compliance and performance testing requirements of § 60.45b(d) and the reporting requirements of paragraph (j) of this section, the following information shall be reported to the Administrator: VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (1) Calendar dates when the facility was in operation during the reporting period; (2) The 24-hour average SO2 emission rate measured for each steam generating unit operating day during the reporting period that coal or oil was combusted, ending in the last 24-hour period in the quarter; reasons for noncompliance with the emission standards; and a description of corrective actions taken; (3) Identification of the steam generating unit operating days that coal or oil was combusted for which SO2 or diluent (O2 or CO2) data have not been obtained by an approved method for at least 75 percent of the operating hours; justification for not obtaining sufficient data; and description of corrective action taken; (4) Identification of the times when emissions data have been excluded from the calculation of average emission rates; justification for excluding data; and description of corrective action taken if data have been excluded for periods other than those during which coal or oil were not combusted in the steam generating unit; (5) Identification of ‘‘F’’ factor used for calculations, method of determination, and type of fuel combusted; (6) Identification of times when hourly averages have been obtained based on manual sampling methods; (7) Identification of the times when the pollutant concentration exceeded full span of the CEMS; (8) Description of any modifications to the CEMS that could affect the ability of the CEMS to comply with Performance Specification 2 or 3; and (9) Results of daily CEMS drift tests and quarterly accuracy assessments as required under appendix F, Procedure 1 of this part. (m) For each affected facility subject to the SO2 standards under § 60.42(b) for which the minimum amount of data required under § 60.47b(f) were not obtained during the reporting period, the following information is reported to the Administrator in addition to that required under paragraph (k) of this section: (1) The number of hourly averages available for outlet emission rates and inlet emission rates; (2) The standard deviation of hourly averages for outlet emission rates and inlet emission rates, as determined in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, section 7; (3) The lower confidence limit for the mean outlet emission rate and the upper confidence limit for the mean inlet emission rate, as calculated in Method PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6365 19 of appendix A of this part, section 7; and (4) The ratio of the lower confidence limit for the mean outlet emission rate and the allowable emission rate, as determined in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, section 7. (n) If a percent removal efficiency by fuel pretreatment (i.e., %Rf) is used to determine the overall percent reduction (i.e., %Ro) under § 60.45b, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall submit a signed statement with the report. (1) Indicating what removal efficiency by fuel pretreatment (i.e., %Rf) was credited during the reporting period; (2) Listing the quantity, heat content, and date each pre-treated fuel shipment was received during the reporting period, the name and location of the fuel pretreatment facility; and the total quantity and total heat content of all fuels received at the affected facility during the reporting period; (3) Documenting the transport of the fuel from the fuel pretreatment facility to the steam generating unit; and (4) Including a signed statement from the owner or operator of the fuel pretreatment facility certifying that the percent removal efficiency achieved by fuel pretreatment was determined in accordance with the provisions of Method 19 of appendix A of this part and listing the heat content and sulfur content of each fuel before and after fuel pretreatment. (o) All records required under this section shall be maintained by the owner or operator of the affected facility for a period of 2 years following the date of such record. (p) The owner or operator of an affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) or (k) shall maintain records of the following information for each steam generating unit operating day: (1) Calendar date; (2) The number of hours of operation; and (3) A record of the hourly steam load. (q) The owner or operator of an affected facility described in § 60.44b(j) or § 60.44b(k) shall submit to the Administrator a report containing: (1) The annual capacity factor over the previous 12 months; (2) The average fuel nitrogen content during the reporting period, if residual oil was fired; and (3) If the affected facility meets the criteria described in § 60.44b(j), the results of any NOX emission tests required during the reporting period, the hours of operation during the reporting period, and the hours of operation since the last NOX emission test. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL 6366 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (r) The owner or operator of an affected facility who elects to use the fuel based compliance alternatives in § 60.42b or § 60.43b shall either: (1) The owner or operator of an affected facility who elects to demonstrate that the affected facility combusts only very low sulfur oil under § 60.42b(j)(2) or § 60.42b(k)(2) shall obtain and maintain at the affected facility fuel receipts from the fuel supplier that certify that the oil meets the definition of distillate oil as defined in § 60.41b and the applicable sulfur limit. For the purposes of this section, the distillate oil need not meet the fuel nitrogen content specification in the definition of distillate oil. Reports shall be submitted to the Administrator certifying that only very low sulfur oil meeting this definition and/or pipeline quality natural gas was combusted in the affected facility during the reporting period; or (2) The owner or operator of an affected facility who elects to demonstrate compliance based on fuel analysis in § 60.42b or § 60.43b shall develop and submit a site-specific fuel analysis plan to the Administrator for review and approval no later than 60 days before the date you intend to demonstrate compliance. Each fuel analysis plan shall include a minimum initial requirement of weekly testing and each analysis report shall contain, at a minimum, the following information: (i) The potential sulfur emissions rate of the representative fuel mixture in ng/J heat input; (ii) The method used to determine the potential sulfur emissions rate of each constituent of the mixture. For distillate oil and natural gas a fuel receipt or tariff sheet is acceptable; (iii) The ratio of different fuels in the mixture; and (iv) The owner or operator can petition the Administrator to approve monthly or quarterly sampling in place of weekly sampling. (s) Facility specific NOX standard for Cytec Industries Fortier Plant’s C.AOG incinerator located in Westwego, Louisiana: (1) Definitions. Oxidation zone is defined as the portion of the C.AOG incinerator that extends from the inlet of the oxidizing zone combustion air to the outlet gas stack. Reducing zone is defined as the portion of the C.AOG incinerator that extends from the burner section to the inlet of the oxidizing zone combustion air. Total inlet air is defined as the total amount of air introduced into the VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 C.AOG incinerator for combustion of natural gas and chemical by-product waste and is equal to the sum of the air flow into the reducing zone and the air flow into the oxidation zone. (2) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (i) When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in § 60.44b(a) applies. (ii) When natural gas and chemical by-product waste are simultaneously combusted, the NOX emission limit is 289 ng/J (0.67 lb/MMBtu) and a maximum of 81 percent of the total inlet air provided for combustion shall be provided to the reducing zone of the C.AOG incinerator. (3) Emission monitoring. (i) The percent of total inlet air provided to the reducing zone shall be determined at least every 15 minutes by measuring the air flow of all the air entering the reducing zone and the air flow of all the air entering the oxidation zone, and compliance with the percentage of total inlet air that is provided to the reducing zone shall be determined on a 3-hour average basis. (ii) The NOX emission limit shall be determined by the compliance and performance test methods and procedures for NOX in § 60.46b(i). (iii) The monitoring of the NOX emission limit shall be performed in accordance with § 60.48b. (4) Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (i) The owner or operator of the C.AOG incinerator shall submit a report on any excursions from the limits required by paragraph (a)(2) of this section to the Administrator with the quarterly report required by paragraph (i) of this section. (ii) The owner or operator of the C.AOG incinerator shall keep records of the monitoring required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section for a period of 2 years following the date of such record. (iii) The owner of operator of the C.AOG incinerator shall perform all the applicable reporting and recordkeeping requirements of this section. (t) Facility-specific NOX standard for Rohm and Haas Kentucky Incorporated’s Boiler No. 100 located in Louisville, Kentucky: (1) Definitions. Air ratio control damper is defined as the part of the low NOX burner that is adjusted to control the split of total combustion air delivered to the reducing and oxidation portions of the combustion flame. Flue gas recirculation line is defined as the part of Boiler No. 100 that recirculates a portion of the boiler flue gas back into the combustion air. (2) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (i) When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in § 60.44b(a) applies. (ii) When fossil fuel and chemical byproduct waste are simultaneously combusted, the NOX emission limit is 473 ng/J (1.1 lb/MMBtu), and the air ratio control damper tee handle shall be at a minimum of 5 inches (12.7 centimeters) out of the boiler, and the flue gas recirculation line shall be operated at a minimum of 10 percent open as indicated by its valve opening position indicator. (3) Emission monitoring for nitrogen oxides. (i) The air ratio control damper tee handle setting and the flue gas recirculation line valve opening position indicator setting shall be recorded during each 8-hour operating shift. (ii) The NOX emission limit shall be determined by the compliance and performance test methods and procedures for NOX in § 60.46b. (iii) The monitoring of the NOX emission limit shall be performed in accordance with § 60.48b. (4) Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (i) The owner or operator of Boiler No. 100 shall submit a report on any excursions from the limits required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section to the Administrator with the quarterly report required by § 60.49b(i). (ii) The owner or operator of Boiler No. 100 shall keep records of the monitoring required by paragraph (b)(3) of this section for a period of 2 years following the date of such record. (iii) The owner of operator of Boiler No. 100 shall perform all the applicable reporting and recordkeeping requirements of § 60.49b. (u) Site-specific standard for Merck & Co., Inc.’s Stonewall Plant in Elkton, Virginia. (1) This paragraph (u) applies only to the pharmaceutical manufacturing facility, commonly referred to as the Stonewall Plant, located at Route 340 South, in Elkton, Virginia (‘‘site’’) and only to the natural gas-fired boilers installed as part of the powerhouse conversion required pursuant to 40 CFR 52.2454(g). The requirements of this paragraph shall apply, and the requirements of §§ 60.40b through 60.49b(t) shall not apply, to the natural gas-fired boilers installed pursuant to 40 CFR 52.2454(g). (i) The site shall equip the natural gasfired boilers with low NOX technology. (ii) The site shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring and recording system for measuring NOX emissions discharged to the atmosphere and opacity using a continuous emissions monitoring system or a predictive emissions monitoring system. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (iii) Within 180 days of the completion of the powerhouse conversion, as required by 40 CFR 52.2454, the site shall perform a performance test to quantify criteria pollutant emissions. (2) [Reserved] (v) The owner or operator of an affected facility may submit electronic quarterly reports for SO2 and/or NOX and/or opacity in lieu of submitting the written reports required under paragraphs (h), (i), (j), (k) or (l) of this section. The format of each quarterly electronic report shall be coordinated with the permitting authority. The electronic report(s) shall be submitted no later than 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter and shall be accompanied by a certification statement from the owner or operator, indicating whether compliance with the applicable emission standards and minimum data requirements of this subpart was achieved during the reporting period. Before submitting reports in the electronic format, the owner or operator shall coordinate with the permitting authority to obtain their agreement to submit reports in this alternative format. (w) The reporting period for the reports required under this subpart is each 6 month period. All reports shall be submitted to the Administrator and shall be postmarked by the 30th day following the end of the reporting period. (x) Facility-specific NOX standard for Weyerhaeuser Company’s No. 2 Power Boiler located in New Bern, North Carolina: (1) Standard for nitrogen oxides. (i) When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in § 60.44b(a) applies. (ii) When fossil fuel and chemical byproduct waste are simultaneously combusted, the NOX emission limit is 215 ng/J (0.5 lb/MMBtu). (2) Emission monitoring for nitrogen oxides. (i) The NOX emissions shall be determined by the compliance and performance test methods and procedures for NOX in § 60.46b. (ii) The monitoring of the NOX emissions shall be performed in accordance with § 60.48b. (3) Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (i) The owner or operator of the No. 2 Power Boiler shall submit a report on any excursions from the limits required by paragraph (x)(2) of this section to the Administrator with the quarterly report required by § 60.49b(i). (ii) The owner or operator of the No. 2 Power Boiler shall keep records of the monitoring required by paragraph (x)(3) VerDate Aug<31>2005 21:14 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 of this section for a period of 2 years following the date of such record. (iii) The owner or operator of the No. 2 Power Boiler shall perform all the applicable reporting and recordkeeping requirements of § 60.49b. (y) Facility-specific NOX standard for INEOS USA’s AOGI located in Lima, Ohio: (1) Standard for NOX. (i) When fossil fuel alone is combusted, the NOX emission limit for fossil fuel in § 60.44b(a) applies. (ii) When fossil fuel and chemical byproduct/waste are simultaneously combusted, the NOX emission limit is 645 ng/J (1.5 lb/MMBtu). (2) Emission monitoring for NOX. (i) The NOX emissions shall be determined by the compliance and performance test methods and procedures for NOX in § 60.46b. (ii) The monitoring of the NOX emissions shall be performed in accordance with § 60.48b. (3) Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (i) The owner or operator of the AOGI shall submit a report on any excursions from the limits required by paragraph (y)(2) of this section to the Administrator with the quarterly report required by paragraph (i) of this section. (ii) The owner or operator of the AOGI shall keep records of the monitoring required by paragraph (y)(3) of this section for a period of 2 years following the date of such record. (iii) The owner or operator of the AOGI shall perform all the applicable reporting and recordkeeping requirements of this section. Subpart Dc—[Amended] 6. Subpart Dc is revised to read as follows: Subpart Dc—Standards of Performance for Small Industrial—Commercial—Institutional Steam Generating Units Sec. 60.40c Applicability and delegation of authority. 60.41c Definitions. 60.42c Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). 60.43c Standard for particulate matter (PM). 60.44c Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide. 60.45c Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for particulate matter. 60.46c Emission monitoring for sulfur dioxide. 60.47c Emission monitoring for particulate matter. 60.48c Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6367 Subpart Dc—Standards of Performance for Small Industrial— Commercial—Institutional Steam Generating Units § 60.40c Applicability and delegation of authority. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the affected facility to which this subpart applies is each steam generating unit for which construction, modification, or reconstruction is commenced after June 9, 1989 and that has a maximum design heat input capacity of 29 megawatts (MW) (100 million British thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr)) or less, but greater than or equal to 2.9 MW (10 MMBtu/hr). (b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a State under section 111(c) of the Clean Air Act, § 60.48c(a)(4) shall be retained by the Administrator and not transferred to a State. (c) Steam generating units that meet the applicability requirements in paragraph (a) of this section are not subject to the sulfur dioxide (SO2) or particulate matter (PM) emission limits, performance testing requirements, or monitoring requirements under this subpart (§§ 60.42c, 60.43c, 60.44c, 60.45c, 60.46c, or 60.47c) during periods of combustion research, as defined in § 60.41c. (d) Any temporary change to an existing steam generating unit for the purpose of conducting combustion research is not considered a modification under § 60.14. (e) Heat recovery steam generators that are associated with combined cycle gas turbines and meet the applicability requirements of subpart GG or KKKK of this part are not subject to this subpart. This subpart will continue to apply to all other heat recovery steam generators that are capable of combusting more than or equal to 2.9 MW (10 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil fuel but less than or equal to 29 MW (100 MMBtu/hr) heat input of fossil fuel. If the heat recovery steam generator is subject to this subpart, only emissions resulting from combustion of fuels in the steam generating unit are subject to this subpart. (The gas turbine emissions are subject to subpart GG or KKKK, as applicable, of this part). (f) Any facility covered by subpart AAAA of this part is not covered by this subpart. (g) Any facility covered by an EPA approved State or Federal section 111(d)/129 plan implementing subpart BBBB of this part is not covered by this subpart. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6368 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.41c Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules Definitions. As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act and in subpart A of this part. Annual capacity factor means the ratio between the actual heat input to a steam generating unit from an individual fuel or combination of fuels during a period of 12 consecutive calendar months and the potential heat input to the steam generating unit from all fuels had the steam generating unit been operated for 8,760 hours during that 12-month period at the maximum design heat input capacity. In the case of steam generating units that are rented or leased, the actual heat input shall be determined based on the combined heat input from all operations of the affected facility during a period of 12 consecutive calendar months. Coal means all solid fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), coal refuse, and petroleum coke. Coalderived synthetic fuels derived from coal for the purposes of creating useful heat, including but not limited to solvent refined coal, gasified coal, coaloil mixtures, and coal-water mixtures, are also included in this definition for the purposes of this subpart. Coal refuse means any by-product of coal mining or coal cleaning operations with an ash content greater than 50 percent (by weight) and a heating value less than 13,900 kilojoules per kilogram (kJ/kg) (6,000 Btu per pound (Btu/lb) on a dry basis. Cogeneration steam generating unit means a steam generating unit that simultaneously produces both electrical (or mechanical) and thermal energy from the same primary energy source. Combined cycle system means a system in which a separate source (such as a stationary gas turbine, internal combustion engine, or kiln) provides exhaust gas to a steam generating unit. Combustion research means the experimental firing of any fuel or combination of fuels in a steam generating unit for the purpose of conducting research and development of more efficient combustion or more effective prevention or control of air pollutant emissions from combustion, provided that, during these periods of research and development, the heat generated is not used for any purpose other than preheating combustion air for use by that steam generating unit (i.e., the heat generated is released to the atmosphere without being used for space heating, process heating, driving pumps, preheating combustion air for VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 other units, generating electricity, or any other purpose). Conventional technology means wet flue gas desulfurization technology, dry flue gas desulfurization technology, atmospheric fluidized bed combustion technology, and oil hydrodesulfurization technology. Distillate oil means fuel oil that complies with the specifications for fuel oil numbers 1 or 2, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D396 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Dry flue gas desulfurization technology means a SO2 control system that is located between the steam generating unit and the exhaust vent or stack, and that removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a dry powder material. This definition includes devices where the dry powder material is subsequently converted to another form. Alkaline reagents used in dry flue gas desulfurization systems include, but are not limited to, lime and sodium compounds. Duct burner means a device that combusts fuel and that is placed in the exhaust duct from another source (such as a stationary gas turbine, internal combustion engine, kiln, etc.) to allow the firing of additional fuel to heat the exhaust gases before the exhaust gases enter a steam generating unit. Emerging technology means any SO2 control system that is not defined as a conventional technology under this section, and for which the owner or operator of the affected facility has received approval from the Administrator to operate as an emerging technology under § 60.48c(a)(4). Federally enforceable means all limitations and conditions that are enforceable by the Administrator, including the requirements of 40 CFR parts 60 and 61, requirements within any applicable State implementation plan, and any permit requirements established under 40 CFR 52.21 or under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24. Fluidized bed combustion technology means a device wherein fuel is distributed onto a bed (or series of beds) of limestone aggregate (or other sorbent materials) for combustion; and these materials are forced upward in the device by the flow of combustion air and the gaseous products of combustion. Fluidized bed combustion technology includes, but is not limited to, bubbling bed units and circulating bed units. Fuel pretreatment means a process that removes a portion of the sulfur in PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 a fuel before combustion of the fuel in a steam generating unit. Heat input means heat derived from combustion of fuel in a steam generating unit and does not include the heat derived from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gases, or exhaust gases from other sources (such as stationary gas turbines, internal combustion engines, and kilns). Heat transfer medium means any material that is used to transfer heat from one point to another point. Maximum design heat input capacity means the ability of a steam generating unit to combust a stated maximum amount of fuel (or combination of fuels) on a steady state basis as determined by the physical design and characteristics of the steam generating unit. Natural gas means: (1) A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the earth’s surface, of which the principal constituent is methane; or (2) liquefied petroleum (LP) gas, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D1835 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Noncontinental area means the State of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana Islands. Oil means crude oil or petroleum, or a liquid fuel derived from crude oil or petroleum, including distillate oil and residual oil. Potential sulfur dioxide emission rate means the theoretical SO2 emissions (nanograms per joule (ng/J) or lb/ MMBtu heat input) that would result from combusting fuel in an uncleaned state and without using emission control systems. Process heater means a device that is primarily used to heat a material to initiate or promote a chemical reaction in which the material participates as a reactant or catalyst. Residual oil means crude oil, fuel oil that does not comply with the specifications under the definition of distillate oil, and all fuel oil numbers 4, 5, and 6, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D396 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). Steam generating unit means a device that combusts any fuel and produces steam or heats water or any other heat transfer medium. This term includes any duct burner that combusts fuel and is part of a combined cycle system. This term does not include process heaters as defined in this subpart. Steam generating unit operating day means a 24-hour period between 12:00 E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.42c Standard for sulfur dioxide (SO2). (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (e) of this section, on and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts only coal shall neither: Cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or 10 percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 emission rate (90 percent reduction), nor cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If coal is combusted with other fuels, the affected facility shall neither: Cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or 10 percent (0.10) of the potential SO2 emission rate (90 percent reduction), nor cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of the emission limit is determined pursuant to paragraph (e)(2) of this section. (b) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (e) of this section, on and after VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, the owner or operator of an affected facility that: (1) Combusts only coal refuse alone in a fluidized bed combustion steam generating unit shall neither: (i) Cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or 20 percent (0.20) of the potential SO2 emission rate (80 percent reduction); nor (ii) Cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If coal is fired with coal refuse, the affected facility is subject to paragraph (a) of this section. If oil or any other fuel (except coal) is fired with coal refuse, the affected facility is subject to the 87 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input SO2 emissions limit or the 90 percent SO2 reduction requirement specified in paragraph (a) of this section and the emission limit is determined pursuant to paragraph (e)(2) of this section. (2) Combusts only coal and that uses an emerging technology for the control of SO2 emissions shall neither: (i) Cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 50 percent (0.50) of the potential SO2 emission rate (50 percent reduction); nor (ii) Cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu) heat input. If coal is combusted with other fuels, the affected facility is subject to the 50 percent SO2 reduction requirement specified in this paragraph and the emission limit determined pursuant to paragraph (e)(2) of this section. (c) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal, alone or in combination with any other fuel, and is listed in paragraphs (c)(1), (2), (3), or (4) of this section shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of the emission limit determined pursuant to paragraph (e)(2) of this section. Percent reduction requirements are not applicable to affected facilities under paragraphs (c)(1), (2), (3), or (4). (1) Affected facilities that have a heat input capacity of 22 MW (75 MMBtu/hr) or less. PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 (2) Affected facilities that have an annual capacity for coal of 55 percent (0.55) or less and are subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor for coal of 55 percent (0.55) or less. (3) Affected facilities located in a noncontinental area. (4) Affected facilities that combust coal in a duct burner as part of a combined cycle system where 30 percent (0.30) or less of the heat entering the steam generating unit is from combustion of coal in the duct burner and 70 percent (0.70) or more of the heat entering the steam generating unit is from exhaust gases entering the duct burner. (d) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts oil shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/MMBtu) heat input; or, as an alternative, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts oil shall combust oil in the affected facility that contains greater than 0.5 weight percent sulfur. The percent reduction requirements are not applicable to affected facilities under this paragraph. (e) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal, oil, or coal and oil with any other fuel shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain SO2 in excess of the following: (1) The percent of potential SO2 emission rate or numerical SO2 emission rate required under paragraph (a) or (b)(2) of this section, as applicable, for any affected facility that (i) Combusts coal in combination with any other fuel; (ii) Has a heat input capacity greater than 22 MW (75 MMBtu/hr); and (iii) Has an annual capacity factor for coal greater than 55 percent (0.55); and (2) The emission limit determined according to the following formula for any affected facility that combusts coal, oil, or coal and oil with any other fuel: Es = (K a H a + K b H b + K c H c ) (H a + H b + H c ) Where: Es = SO2 emission limit, expressed in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input; E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.036</MATH> midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the steam generating unit. It is not necessary for fuel to be combusted continuously for the entire 24-hour period. Wet flue gas desulfurization technology means an SO2 control system that is located between the steam generating unit and the exhaust vent or stack, and that removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a liquid material. This definition includes devices where the liquid material is subsequently converted to another form. Alkaline reagents used in wet flue gas desulfurization systems include, but are not limited to, lime, limestone, and sodium compounds. Wet scrubber system means any emission control device that mixes an aqueous stream or slurry with the exhaust gases from a steam generating unit to control emissions of PM or SO2. Wood means wood, wood residue, bark, or any derivative fuel or residue thereof, in any form, including but not limited to sawdust, sanderdust, wood chips, scraps, slabs, millings, shavings, and processed pellets made from wood or other forest residues. 6369 6370 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Ka = 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/MMBtu); Kb = 260 ng/J (0.60 lb/MMBtu); Kc = 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/MMBtu); Ha = Heat input from the combustion of coal, except coal combusted in an affected facility subject to paragraph (b)(2) of this section, in Joules (J) [MMBtu]; Hb = Heat input from the combustion of coal in an affected facility subject to paragraph (b)(2) of this section, in J (MMBtu); and Hc KaHb = Heat input from the combustion of oil, in J (MMBtu). (f) Reduction in the potential SO2 emission rate through fuel pretreatment is not credited toward the percent reduction requirement under paragraph (b)(2) of this section unless: (1) Fuel pretreatment results in a 50 percent (0.50) or greater reduction in the potential SO2 emission rate; and (2) Emissions from the pretreated fuel (without either combustion or postcombustion SO2 control) are equal to or less than the emission limits specified under paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (g) Except as provided in paragraph (h) of this section, compliance with the percent reduction requirements, fuel oil sulfur limits, and emission limits of this section shall be determined on a 30-day rolling average basis. (h) For affected facilities listed under paragraphs (h)(1), (2), or (3) of this section, compliance with the emission limits or fuel oil sulfur limits under this section may be determined based on a certification from the fuel supplier, as described under § 60.48c(f), as applicable. (1) Distillate oil-fired affected facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 29 MW (10 and 100 MMBtu/hr). (2) Residual oil-fired affected facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10 and 30 MMBtu/hr). (3) Coal-fired facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10 and 30 MMBtu/hr). (i) The SO2 emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, and percent reduction requirements under this section apply at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction. (j) Only the heat input supplied to the affected facility from the combustion of coal and oil is counted under this section. No credit is provided for the heat input to the affected facility from wood or other fuels or for heat derived from exhaust gases from other sources, such as stationary gas turbines, internal combustion engines, and kilns. § 60.43c (PM). Standard for particulate matter (a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, that combusts coal or combusts mixtures of coal with other fuels and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of the following emission limits: (1) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts only coal, or combusts coal with other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels of 10 percent (0.10) or less. (2) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal with other fuels, has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels greater than 10 percent (0.10), and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor greater than 10 percent (0.10) for fuels other than coal. (b) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before February 28, 2005, that combusts wood or combusts mixtures of wood with other fuels (except coal) and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater, shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of the following emissions limits: (1) 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for wood greater than 30 percent (0.30); or (2) 130 ng/J (0.30 lb/MMBtu) heat input if the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for wood of 30 percent (0.30) or less and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor for wood of 30 percent (0.30) or less. (c) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal, wood, or oil and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity (6-minute average), except for one 6- PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 minute period per hour of not more than 27 percent opacity. (d) The PM and opacity standards under this section apply at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction. (e)(1) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of 13 ng/J (0.030 lb/MMBtu) heat input, except as provided in paragraphs (e)(2), (e)(3), and (e)(4) of this section. (2) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(1) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility for which modification commenced after February 28, 2005, may elect to meet the requirements of this paragraph. On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences modification after February 28, 2005 shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of both: (i) 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/MMBtu) heat input derived from the combustion of coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels; and (ii) 0.2 percent of the combustion concentration (99.8 percent reduction) when combusting coal, oil, wood, a mixture of these fuels, or a mixture of these fuels with any other fuels. (3) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that commences modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts over 30 percent wood (by heat input) on an annual basis and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 MMBtu/hr) or greater shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/MMBtu) heat input. (4) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, no E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 E ho − E w (1 + X k ) Xk Where: Ehoo = Adjusted Eho, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); Eho = Hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu); Ew = SO2 concentration in fuels other than coal and oil combusted in the affected facility, as determined by fuel sampling and analysis procedures in Method 9 of appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu). The value Ew for each fuel lot is used for each hourly average during the time that the lot is being combusted. The owner or operator does not have to measure Ew if the owner or operator elects to assume Ew=0. Xk = Fraction of the total heat input from fuel combustion derived from coal and oil, as determined by applicable procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (2) The owner or operator of an affected facility that qualifies under the provisions of § 60.42c(c) or (d) (where percent reduction is not required) does not have to measure the parameters Ew or Xk if the owner or operator of the affected facility elects to measure emission rates of the coal or oil using the fuel sampling and analysis procedures under Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (f) Affected facilities subject to the percent reduction requirements under § 60.42c(a) or (b) shall determine compliance with the SO2 emission limits under § 60.42c pursuant to paragraphs (d) or (e) of this section, and shall determine compliance with the percent reduction requirements using the following procedures: (1) If only coal is combusted, the percent of potential SO2 emission rate is computed using the following formula: %R g    %R f  %Ps = 100 1 −  1− 100   100     Where: %Ps = Potential SO2 emission rate, in percent; PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702  Eo  %R go = 100 1 − ao  Eo  ai  Where: %Rgo = Adjusted %Rg, in percent; Eaoo = Adjusted Eao, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); and Eaio = Adjusted average SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/MMBtu). (ii) To compute Eaio, an adjusted hourly SO2 inlet rate (Ehio) is used. The Ehio is computed using the following formula: Eo = hi E hi − E w (1 − X k ) Xk Where: Ehio = Adjusted Ehi, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); Ehi = Hourly SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/MMBtu); Ew = SO2 concentration in fuels other than coal and oil combusted in the affected facility, as determined by fuel sampling and analysis procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part, ng/J (lb/ MMBtu). The value Ew for each fuel lot is used for each hourly average during the time that the lot is being combusted. The owner or operator does not have to measure Ew if the owner or operator elects to assume Ew = 0; and Xk = Fraction of the total heat input from fuel combustion derived from coal and oil, as determined by applicable procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (g) For oil-fired affected facilities where the owner or operator seeks to demonstrate compliance with the fuel oil sulfur limits under § 60.42c based on shipment fuel sampling, the initial performance test shall consist of sampling and analyzing the oil in the initial tank of oil to be fired in the steam generating unit to demonstrate that the oil contains 0.5 weight percent sulfur or less. Thereafter, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall sample the oil in the fuel tank after each new shipment of oil is received, as described under § 60.46c(d)(2). (h) For affected facilities subject to § 60.42c(h)(1), (2), or (3) where the owner or operator seeks to demonstrate E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 EP09FE07.040</MATH> Eo = ho (2) If coal, oil, or coal and oil are combusted with other fuels, the same procedures required in paragraph (f)(1) of this section are used, except as provided for in the following: (i) To compute the %Ps, an adjusted %Rg (%Rgo) is computed from Eaoo from paragraph (e)(1) of this section and an adjusted average SO2 inlet rate (Eaio) using the following formula: EP09FE07.039</MATH> (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section and § 60.8(b), performance tests required under § 60.8 shall be conducted following the procedures specified in paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f) of this section, as applicable. Section 60.8(f) does not apply to this section. The 30-day notice required in § 60.8(d) applies only to the initial performance test unless otherwise specified by the Administrator. (b) The initial performance test required under § 60.8 shall be conducted over 30 consecutive operating days of the steam generating unit. Compliance with the percent reduction requirements and SO2 emission limits under § 60.42c shall be determined using a 30-day average. The first operating day included in the initial performance test shall be scheduled within 30 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affect facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after the initial startup of the facility. The steam generating unit load during the 30-day period does not have to be the maximum design heat input capacity, but must be representative of future operating conditions. (c) After the initial performance test required under paragraph (b) of this section and § 60.8, compliance with the percent reduction requirements and SO2 emission limits under § 60.42c is based on the average percent reduction and the average SO2 emission rates for 30 consecutive steam generating unit operating days. A separate performance test is completed at the end of each steam generating unit operating day, and a new 30-day average percent reduction and SO2 emission rate are calculated to show compliance with the standard. (d) If only coal, only oil, or a mixture of coal and oil is combusted in an affected facility, the procedures in Method 19 of appendix A of this part are used to determine the hourly SO2 emission rate (Eho) and the 30-day %Rg = SO2 removal efficiency of the control device as determined by Method 19 of appendix A of this part, in percent; and %Rf = SO2 removal efficiency of fuel pretreatment as determined by Method 19 of appendix A of this part, in percent. EP09FE07.038</MATH> rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.44c Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide. average SO2 emission rate (Eao). The hourly averages used to compute the 30day averages are obtained from the CEMS. Method 19 of appendix A of this part shall be used to calculate Eao when using daily fuel sampling or Method 6B of appendix A of this part. (e) If coal, oil, or coal and oil are combusted with other fuels: (1) An adjusted Eho (Ehoo) is used in Equation 19–19 of Method 19 of appendix A of this part to compute the adjusted Eao (Eaoo). The Ehoo is computed using the following formula: EP09FE07.037</MATH> owner or operator of an affected facility that commences construction, reconstruction, or modification after February 28, 2005, and that combusts only oil that contains no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur or a mixture of 0.50 weight percent sulfur oil with other fuels not subject to a PM standard under § 60.43c and not using a post combustion technology (except a wet scrubber) to reduce PM or SO2 emissions is subject to the PM limit in this section. 6371 6372 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules compliance with the SO2 standards based on fuel supplier certification, the performance test shall consist of the certification, the certification from the fuel supplier, as described under § 60.48c(f), as applicable. (i) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance with the SO2 standards under § 60.42c(c)(2) shall demonstrate the maximum design heat input capacity of the steam generating unit by operating the steam generating unit at this capacity for 24 hours. This demonstration shall be made during the initial performance test, and a subsequent demonstration may be requested at any other time. If the demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate for the affected facility is less than the maximum design heat input capacity stated by the manufacturer of the affected facility, the demonstrated 24hour average firing rate shall be used to determine the annual capacity factor for the affected facility; otherwise, the maximum design heat input capacity provided by the manufacturer shall be used. (j) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall use all valid SO2 emissions data in calculating %Ps and Eho under paragraphs (d), (e), or (f) of this section, as applicable, whether or not the minimum emissions data requirements under § 60.46c(f) are achieved. All valid emissions data, including valid data collected during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, shall be used in calculating %Ps or Eho pursuant to paragraphs (d), (e), or (f) of this section, as applicable. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.45c Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for particulate matter. (a) The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the PM and/ or opacity standards under § 60.43c shall conduct an initial performance test as required under § 60.8, and shall conduct subsequent performance tests as requested by the Administrator, to determine compliance with the standards using the following procedures and reference methods, except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section. (1) Method 1 of appendix A of this part shall be used to select the sampling site and the number of traverse sampling points. (2) Method 3 of appendix A of this part shall be used for gas analysis when applying Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part. VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (3) Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall be used to measure the concentration of PM as follows: (i) Method 5 of appendix A of this part may be used only at affected facilities without wet scrubber systems. (ii) Method 17 of appendix A of this part may be used at affected facilities with or without wet scrubber systems provided the stack gas temperature does not exceed a temperature of 160 °C (320 °F). The procedures of Sections 8.1 and 11.1 of Method 5B of appendix A of this part may be used in Method 17 of appendix A of this part only if Method 17 of appendix A of this part is used in conjunction with a wet scrubber system. Method 17 of appendix A of this part shall not be used in conjunction with a wet scrubber system if the effluent is saturated or laden with water droplets. (iii) Method 5B of appendix A of this part may be used in conjunction with a wet scrubber system. (4) The sampling time for each run shall be at least 120 minutes and the minimum sampling volume shall be 1.7 dry standard cubic meters (dscm) [60 dry standard cubic feet (dscf)] except that smaller sampling times or volumes may be approved by the Administrator when necessitated by process variables or other factors. (5) For Method 5 or 5B of appendix A of this part, the temperature of the sample gas in the probe and filter holder shall be monitored and maintained at 160±14 °C (320±25 °F). (6) For determination of PM emissions, an oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement shall be obtained simultaneously with each run of Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part by traversing the duct at the same sampling location. (7) For each run using Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part, the emission rates expressed in ng/J (lb/ MMBtu) heat input shall be determined using: (i) The O2 or CO2 measurements and PM measurements obtained under this section, (ii) The dry basis F factor, and (iii) The dry basis emission rate calculation procedure contained in Method 19 of appendix A of this part. (8) Method 9 of appendix A of this part (6-minute average of 24 observations) shall be used for determining the opacity of stack emissions. (b) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance with the PM standards under § 60.43c(b)(2) shall demonstrate the maximum design heat input capacity of the steam generating unit by operating the steam generating unit at PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 this capacity for 24 hours. This demonstration shall be made during the initial performance test, and a subsequent demonstration may be requested at any other time. If the demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate for the affected facility is less than the maximum design heat input capacity stated by the manufacturer of the affected facility, the demonstrated 24hour average firing rate shall be used to determine the annual capacity factor for the affected facility; otherwise, the maximum design heat input capacity provided by the manufacturer shall be used. (c) In place of PM testing with EPA Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part, an owner or operator may elect to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for monitoring PM emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility who elects to continuously monitor PM emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS and shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(13) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator 1 month before starting use of the system. (2) Notify the Administrator 1 month before stopping use of the system. (3) The monitor shall be installed, evaluated, and operated in accordance with § 60.13 of subpart A of this part. (4) The initial performance evaluation shall be completed no later than 180 days after the date of initial startup of the affected facility, as specified under § 60.8 of subpart A of this part or within 180 days of notification to the Administrator of use of CEMS if the owner or operator was previously determining compliance by Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part performance tests, whichever is later. (5) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct an initial performance test for PM emissions as required under § 60.8 of subpart A of this part. Compliance with the PM emission limit shall be determined by using the CEMS specified in paragraph (d) of this section to measure PM and calculating a 24-hour block arithmetic average emission concentration using EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix A of this part, section 4.1. (6) Compliance with the PM emission limit shall be determined based on the 24-hour daily (block) average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules (7) At a minimum, valid CEMS hourly averages shall be obtained as specified in paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this section for 75 percent of the total operating hours per 30-day rolling average. (i) At least two data points per hour shall be used to calculate each 1-hour arithmetic average. (ii) [Reserved] (8) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under paragraph (d)(7) of this section shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/ MMBtu heat input and shall be used to calculate the boiler operating day daily arithmetic average emission concentrations. The 1-hour arithmetic averages shall be calculated using the data points required under § 60.13(e)(2) of subpart A of this part. (9) All valid CEMS data shall be used in calculating average emission concentrations even if the minimum CEMS data requirements of paragraph (d)(7) of this section are not met. (10) The CEMS shall be operated according to Performance Specification 11 in appendix B of this part. (11) During the correlation testing runs of the CEMS required by Performance Specification 11 in appendix B of this part, PM and O2 (or CO2) data shall be collected concurrently (or within a 30-to 60minute period) by both the continuous emission monitors and the test methods specified in paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this section. (i) For PM, EPA Reference Method 5, 5B, or 17 of appendix A of this part shall be used. (ii) For O2 (or CO2), EPA reference Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A of this part, as applicable shall be used. (12) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests shall be performed in accordance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part. Relative Response Audit’s must be performed annually and Response Correlation Audits must be performed every 3 years. (13) When PM emissions data are not obtained because of CEMS breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments, emissions data shall be obtained by using other monitoring systems as approved by the Administrator or EPA Reference Method 19 of appendix A of this part to provide, as necessary, valid emissions data for a minimum of 75 percent of total operating hours on a 30-day rolling average. (d) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance under § 60.43c(e)(4) shall follow the applicable procedures under § 60.48c(f). For residual oil-fired affected facilities, fuel supplier VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 certifications are only allowed for facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10 to 30 MMBtu/hr). § 60.46c dioxide Emission monitoring for sulfur (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the SO2 emission limits under § 60.42c shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring SO2 concentrations and either O2 or CO2 concentrations at the outlet of the SO2 control device (or the outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used), and shall record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the percent reduction requirements under § 60.42c shall measure SO2 concentrations and either O2 or CO2 concentrations at both the inlet and outlet of the SO2 control device. (b) The 1-hour average SO2 emission rates measured by a CEMS shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/MMBtu heat input and shall be used to calculate the average emission rates under § 60.42c. Each 1-hour average SO2 emission rate must be based on at least 30 minutes of operation and include at least 2 data points representing two 15-minute periods. Hourly SO2 emission rates are not calculated if the affected facility is operated less than 30 minutes in a 1hour period and are not counted toward determination of a steam generating unit operating day. (c) The procedures under § 60.13 shall be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS. (1) All CEMS shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under Performance Specifications 1, 2, and 3 of appendix B of this part. (2) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests shall be performed in accordance with Procedure 1 of appendix F of this part. (3) For affected facilities subject to the percent reduction requirements under § 60.42c, the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control device shall be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emission rate of the fuel combusted, and the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the outlet from the SO2 control device shall be 50 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emission rate of the fuel combusted. (4) For affected facilities that are not subject to the percent reduction requirements of § 60.42c, the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the outlet from the SO2 control device (or outlet of the PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6373 steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used) shall be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emission rate of the fuel combusted. (d) As an alternative to operating a CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control device (or outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used) as required under paragraph (a) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to determine the average SO2 emission rate by sampling the fuel prior to combustion. As an alternative to operating a CEMS at the outlet from the SO2 control device (or outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used) as required under paragraph (a) of this section, an owner or operator may elect to determine the average SO2 emission rate by using Method 6B of appendix A of this part. Fuel sampling shall be conducted pursuant to either paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section. Method 6B of appendix A of this part shall be conducted pursuant to paragraph (d)(3) of this section. (1) For affected facilities combusting coal or oil, coal or oil samples shall be collected daily in an as-fired condition at the inlet to the steam generating unit and analyzed for sulfur content and heat content according to Method 19 of appendix A of this part. Method 19 of appendix A of this part provides procedures for converting these measurements into the format to be used in calculating the average SO2 input rate. (2) As an alternative fuel sampling procedure for affected facilities combusting oil, oil samples may be collected from the fuel tank for each steam generating unit immediately after the fuel tank is filled and before any oil is combusted. The owner or operator of the affected facility shall analyze the oil sample to determine the sulfur content of the oil. If a partially empty fuel tank is refilled, a new sample and analysis of the fuel in the tank would be required upon filling. Results of the fuel analysis taken after each new shipment of oil is received shall be used as the daily value when calculating the 30-day rolling average until the next shipment is received. If the fuel analysis shows that the sulfur content in the fuel tank is greater than 0.5 weight percent sulfur, the owner or operator shall ensure that the sulfur content of subsequent oil shipments is low enough to cause the 30-day rolling average sulfur content to be 0.5 weight percent sulfur or less. (3) Method 6B of appendix A of this part may be used in lieu of CEMS to measure SO2 at the inlet or outlet of the SO2 control system. An initial E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 6374 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules stratification test is required to verify the adequacy of the Method 6B of appendix A of this part sampling location. The stratification test shall consist of three paired runs of a suitable SO2 and CO2 measurement train operated at the candidate location and a second similar train operated according to the procedures in § 3.2 and the applicable procedures in section 7 of Performance Specification 2 of appendix B of this part. Method 6B of appendix A of this part, Method 6A of appendix A of this part, or a combination of Methods 6 and 3 of appendix A of this part or Methods 6C and 3A of appendix A of this part are suitable measurement techniques. If Method 6B of appendix A of this part is used for the second train, sampling time and timer operation may be adjusted for the stratification test as long as an adequate sample volume is collected; however, both sampling trains are to be operated similarly. For the location to be adequate for Method 6B of appendix A of this part 24-hour tests, the mean of the absolute difference between the three paired runs must be less than 10 percent (0.10). (e) The monitoring requirements of paragraphs (a) and (d) of this section shall not apply to affected facilities subject to § 60.42c(h)(1), (2), or (3) where the owner or operator of the affected facility seeks to demonstrate compliance with the SO2 standards based on fuel supplier certification, as described under § 60.48c(f), as applicable. (f) The owner or operator of an affected facility operating a CEMS pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section, or conducting as-fired fuel sampling pursuant to paragraph (d)(1) of this section, shall obtain emission data for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in at least 22 out of 30 successive steam generating unit operating days. If this minimum data requirement is not met with a single monitoring system, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall supplement the emission data with data collected with other monitoring systems as approved by the Administrator. rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL § 60.47c Emission monitoring for particulate matter. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility combusting coal, oil, or wood that is subject to the opacity standards under § 60.43c shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a COMS for measuring the opacity of the emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (b) All COMS for measuring opacity shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under Performance Specification 1 of appendix B of this part. The span value of the opacity COMS shall be between 60 and 80 percent. (c) Affected facilities that burn only distillate oil that contains no more than 0.5 weight percent sulfur and/or liquid or gaseous fuels with potential sulfur dioxide emission rates of 26 ng/J (0.06 lb/MMBtu) heat input or less and that do not use a post combustion technology to reduce SO2 or PM emissions are not required to operate a CEMS for measuring opacity if they follow the applicable procedures under § 60.48c(f). (d) Owners or operators complying with the PM emission limit by using a PM CEMS monitor instead of monitoring opacity must calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS, and record the output of the system, for PM emissions discharged to the atmosphere as specified in § 60.45c(d). The CEMS specified in paragraph § 60.45c(d) shall be operated and data recorded during all periods of operation of the affected facility except for CEMS breakdowns and repairs. Data is recorded during calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments. § 60.48c Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. (a) The owner or operator of each affected facility shall submit notification of the date of construction or reconstruction and actual startup, as provided by § 60.7 of this part. This notification shall include: (1) The design heat input capacity of the affected facility and identification of fuels to be combusted in the affected facility. (2) If applicable, a copy of any federally enforceable requirement that limits the annual capacity factor for any fuel or mixture of fuels under § 60.42c, or § 60.43c. (3) The annual capacity factor at which the owner or operator anticipates operating the affected facility based on all fuels fired and based on each individual fuel fired. (4) Notification if an emerging technology will be used for controlling SO2 emissions. The Administrator will examine the description of the control device and will determine whether the technology qualifies as an emerging technology. In making this determination, the Administrator may require the owner or operator of the affected facility to submit additional information concerning the control device. The affected facility is subject to PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 the provisions of § 60.42c(a) or (b)(1), unless and until this determination is made by the Administrator. (b) The owner or operator of each affected facility subject to the SO2 emission limits of § 60.42c, or the PM or opacity limits of § 60.43c, shall submit to the Administrator the performance test data from the initial and any subsequent performance tests and, if applicable, the performance evaluation of the CEMS and/or COMS using the applicable performance specifications in appendix B of this part. (c) The owner or operator of each coal-fired, oil-fired, or wood-fired affected facility subject to the opacity limits under § 60.43c(c) shall submit excess emission reports for any excess emissions from the affected facility that occur during the reporting period. (d) The owner or operator of each affected facility subject to the SO2 emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, or percent reduction requirements under § 60.42c shall submit reports to the Administrator. (e) The owner or operator of each affected facility subject to the SO2 emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, or percent reduction requirements under § 60.42c shall keep records and submit reports as required under paragraph (d) of this section, including the following information, as applicable. (1) Calendar dates covered in the reporting period. (2) Each 30-day average SO2 emission rate (ng/J or lb/MMBtu), or 30-day average sulfur content (weight percent), calculated during the reporting period, ending with the last 30-day period; reasons for any noncompliance with the emission standards; and a description of corrective actions taken. (3) Each 30-day average percent of potential SO2 emission rate calculated during the reporting period, ending with the last 30-day period; reasons for any noncompliance with the emission standards; and a description of the corrective actions taken. (4) Identification of any steam generating unit operating days for which SO2 or diluent (O2 or CO2) data have not been obtained by an approved method for at least 75 percent of the operating hours; justification for not obtaining sufficient data; and a description of corrective actions taken. (5) Identification of any times when emissions data have been excluded from the calculation of average emission rates; justification for excluding data; and a description of corrective actions taken if data have been excluded for periods other than those during which coal or oil were not combusted in the steam generating unit. E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2 Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / Proposed Rules rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with PROPOSAL (6) Identification of the F factor used in calculations, method of determination, and type of fuel combusted. (7) Identification of whether averages have been obtained based on CEMS rather than manual sampling methods. (8) If a CEMS is used, identification of any times when the pollutant concentration exceeded the full span of the CEMS. (9) If a CEMS is used, description of any modifications to the CEMS that could affect the ability of the CEMS to comply with Performance Specifications 2 or 3 of appendix B of this part. (10) If a CEMS is used, results of daily CEMS drift tests and quarterly accuracy assessments as required under appendix F, Procedure 1 of this part. (11) If fuel supplier certification is used to demonstrate compliance, records of fuel supplier certification is used to demonstrate compliance, records of fuel supplier certification as described under paragraph (f)(1), (2), (3), or (4) of this section, as applicable. In addition to records of fuel supplier certifications, the report shall include a certified statement signed by the owner or operator of the affected facility that the records of fuel supplier certifications submitted represent all of the fuel combusted during the reporting period. (f) Fuel supplier certification shall include the following information: (1) For distillate oil: (i) The name of the oil supplier; (ii) A statement from the oil supplier that the oil complies with the specifications under the definition of distillate oil in § 60.41c; and (iii) The sulfur content of the oil. (2) For residual oil: (i) The name of the oil supplier; VerDate Aug<31>2005 19:29 Feb 08, 2007 Jkt 211001 (ii) The location of the oil when the sample was drawn for analysis to determine the sulfur content of the oil, specifically including whether the oil was sampled as delivered to the affected facility, or whether the sample was drawn from oil in storage at the oil supplier’s or oil refiner’s facility, or other location; (iii) The sulfur content of the oil from which the shipment came (or of the shipment itself); and (iv) The method used to determine the sulfur content of the oil. (3) For coal: (i) The name of the coal supplier; (ii) The location of the coal when the sample was collected for analysis to determine the properties of the coal, specifically including whether the coal was sampled as delivered to the affected facility or whether the sample was collected from coal in storage at the mine, at a coal preparation plant, at a coal supplier’s facility, or at another location. The certification shall include the name of the coal mine (and coal seam), coal storage facility, or coal preparation plant (where the sample was collected); (iii) The results of the analysis of the coal from which the shipment came (or of the shipment itself) including the sulfur content, moisture content, ash content, and heat content; and (iv) The methods used to determine the properties of the coal. (4) For other fuels: (i) The name of the supplier of the fuel; (ii) The potential sulfur emissions rate of the fuel in ng/J heat input; and (iii) The method used to determine the potential sulfur emissions rate of the fuel. PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 6375 (g)(1) Except as provided under paragraph (g)(2) of this section, the owner or operator of each affected facility shall record and maintain records of the amount of each fuel combusted during each operating day. (2) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(1) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts only natural gas, wood, fuels using fuel certification in § 60.48c(f) to demonstrate compliance with the SO2 standard, fuels not subject to an emissions standard (excluding opacity), or a mixture of these fuels may elect to record and maintain records of the amount of each fuel combusted during each calendar month. (h) The owner or operator of each affected facility subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting the annual capacity factor for any fuel or mixture of fuels under § 60.42c or § 60.43c shall calculate the annual capacity factor individually for each fuel combusted. The annual capacity factor is determined on a 12-month rolling average basis with a new annual capacity factor calculated at the end of the calendar month. (i) All records required under this section shall be maintained by the owner or operator of the affected facility for a period of two years following the date of such record. (j) The reporting period for the reports required under this subpart is each sixmonth period. All reports shall be submitted to the Administrator and shall be postmarked by the 30th day following the end of the reporting period. [FR Doc. E7–1881 Filed 2–8–07; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P E:\FR\FM\09FEP2.SGM 09FEP2

Agencies

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Federal Register Volume 72, Number 27 (Friday, February 9, 2007)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 6320-6375]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E7-1881]



[[Page 6319]]

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Part II





Environmental Protection Agency





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40 CFR Part 60



Air Pollution; Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources: 
Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators and Electric Utility and Industrial-
Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units; Reconsideration, etc.; 
Proposed Rule

Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 27 / Friday, February 9, 2007 / 
Proposed Rules

[[Page 6320]]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 60

[EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0031; FRL-8275-9]
RIN 2060-AN97


Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators 
for Which Construction Is Commenced After August 17, 1971; Standards of 
Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which 
Construction Is Commenced After September 18, 1978; Standards of 
Performance for Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating 
Units; and Standards of Performance for Small Industrial-Commercial-
Institutional Steam Generating Units; Reconsideration and Amendments

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to amend the new source performance standards 
(NSPS) for electric utility steam generating units and industrial-
commercial-institutional steam generating units. On February 27, 2006, 
EPA promulgated amendments to the NSPS for steam generating units. EPA 
is proposing to amend specific provisions in the NSPS for steam 
generating units to resolve issues and questions raised by petitioners 
for reconsideration of the promulgated amendments, and to correct 
technical and editorial errors that have been identified since 
promulgation. In addition, the proposed rule would update the 
grammatical style of the four NSPS steam generating unit subparts to be 
consistent across all of the subparts.

DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before March 12, 2007, 
unless a public hearing is requested by February 20, 2007. If a timely 
hearing request is submitted, the public hearing will be held on 
February 26, 2007 and we must receive written comments on or before 
March 26, 2007.

ADDRESSES: Comments. Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. 
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0031, by one of the following methods:
     https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line 
instructions for submitting comments.
     E-mail: a-and-r-docket@epa.gov.
     By Facsimile: (202) 566-1741.
     Mail: Air and Radiation Docket, U.S. EPA, Mail Code 6102T, 
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460. Please include a 
total of two copies. EPA requests a separate copy also be sent to the 
contact person identified below (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT).
     Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, Docket ID Number EPA-HQ-
OAR-2005-0031, EPA West Building, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Room 
3334, Washington, DC, 20004. Such deliveries are accepted only during 
the Docket's normal hours of operation, and special arrangements should 
be made for deliveries of boxed information.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-
2005-0031. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at 
https://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you 
consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through regulations.gov or e-
mail. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' 
systems, which means EPA will not know your identity or contact 
information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you 
send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without going through 
www.regulations.gov, your e-mail address will be automatically captured 
and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket 
and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic 
comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact 
information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you 
submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties 
and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to 
consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special 
characters, any form of encryption, and be free of any defects or 
viruses. For additional information about EPA's public docket visit the 
EPA Docket Center homepage at https://www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm.
    Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the 
www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
in https://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Air and Radiation 
Docket EPA/DC, EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 
p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone 
number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone 
number for the Air and Radiation Docket is (202) 566-1742.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Christian Fellner, Energy 
Strategies Group, Sector Policies and Programs Division (D243-01), U.S. 
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, telephone number (919) 541-4003, 
facsimile number (919) 541-5450, electronic mail (e-mail) address: 
fellner.christian@epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Entities Table. Entities potentially 
affected by this proposed action include, but are not limited to, the 
following:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Examples of potentially
            Category             NAICS code \1\     regulated entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Industry.......................          221112  Fossil fuel-fired
                                                  electric utility steam
                                                  generating units.
Federal Government.............           22112  Fossil fuel-fired
                                                  electric utility steam
                                                  generating units owned
                                                  by the Federal
                                                  Government.
State/local/tribal government..           22112  Fossil fuel-fired
                                                  electric utility steam
                                                  generating units owned
                                                  by municipalities.
                                         921150  Fossil fuel-fired
                                                  electric utility steam
                                                  generating units
                                                  located in Indian
                                                  Country.
Any industrial, commercial, or              211  Extractors of crude
 institutional facility using a                   petroleum and natural
 steam generating unit as                         gas.
 defined in 60.40b or 60.40c.
                                            321  Manufacturers of lumber
                                                  and wood products.
                                            322  Pulp and paper mills.
                                            325  Chemical manufacturers.
                                            324  Petroleum refiners and
                                                  manufacturers of coal
                                                  products.
                                  316, 326, 339  Manufacturers of rubber
                                                  and miscellaneous
                                                  plastic products.

[[Page 6321]]

 
                                            331  Steel works, blast
                                                  furnaces.
                                            332  Electroplating,
                                                  plating, polishing,
                                                  anodizing, and
                                                  coloring.
                                            336  Manufacturers of motor
                                                  vehicle parts and
                                                  accessories.
                                            221  Electric, gas, and
                                                  sanitary services.
                                            622  Health services.
                                            611  Educational Services.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code.

    This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by the 
proposed rule. To determine whether your facility is regulated by the 
proposed rule, you should examine the applicability criteria in Sec.  
60.40a, Sec.  60.40b, or Sec.  60.40c of 40 CFR part 60. If you have 
any questions regarding the applicability of the proposed rule to a 
particular entity, contact the person listed in the preceding FOR 
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. World Wide Web (WWW). Following 
the Administrator's signature, a copy of the proposed amendments will 
be posted on the Technology Transfer Network's (TTN) policy and 
guidance page for newly proposed or promulgated rules at https://
www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg. The TTN provides information and technology 
exchange in various areas of air pollution control.
    Public Hearing. If a public hearing is requested, it will be held 
at 10 a.m. at the EPA Facility Complex in Research Triangle Park, North 
Carolina or at an alternate site nearby. Contact Mr. Christian Fellner 
at 919-541-4003 to request a hearing, to request to speak at a public 
hearing, to determine if a hearing will be held, or to determine the 
hearing location.
    Outline. The information presented in this preamble is organized as 
follows:

I. Background
II. Proposed Amendments
    A. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart D
    B. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Da
    C. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Db
    D. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Dc
III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
    B. Paper Reduction Act
    C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
    D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
    E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With 
Indian Tribal Governments
    G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From 
Environmental Health and Safety Risks
    H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
    I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act

Background

    EPA promulgated amendments to the new source performance standards 
for steam generating units on February 27, 2006 (71 FR 9866). The 
amendments added new emissions limits and compliance requirements 
applicable to units constructed, modified, or reconstructed after 
February 28, 2005, for electric utility steam generating units in 40 
CFR part 60, subpart Da; industrial-commercial-institutional steam 
generating units in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Db; and small industrial-
commercial-institutional steam generating units in 40 CFR part 60, 
subpart Dc. In addition, an alternative sulfur dioxide (SO2) 
emissions limit was added to subparts Db and Dc for steam generating 
units for which construction, modification, or reconstruction was 
commenced prior to February 28, 2005.
    Petitions for reconsideration of the amendments were filed by the 
Utility Air Regulatory Group and the Council of Industrial Boiler 
Owners. The EPA has decided to grant reconsideration to the amendments 
to the extent specified in the proposed rule. The amendments proposed 
by this action address issues for which the petitioners requested 
reconsideration\1\ (see docket entries EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0031-0224 and 
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0031-0225).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ An issue EPA is not granting reconsideration on is UARG's 
request ``EPA should also clarify that PM CEMS data would not be 
`credible evidence' of a violation of the applicable PM standard for 
a source during a period for which the source has not otped to use 
PM CEMS to determine compliance.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As part of this action, EPA is also proposing to amend other rule 
language to correct technical omissions, typographical errors, cross-
reference errors, grammatical errors, and various other issues that 
have been identified since promulgation. The proposed amendments would 
not significantly change EPA's original projections for the rule's 
compliance costs, environmental benefits, burden on industry, or the 
number of affected facilities.
    Finally, as part of the February 28, 2005, proposal to the steam 
generating unit NSPS, EPA proposed several amendments designed to 
minimize the continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) burden for 
sources subject to both the NSPS under 40 CFR part 60 and the acid rain 
regulations under 40 CFR part 75 (70 FR 9720). The intent of these 
proposed amendments is to address the inconsistent and duplicative CEM 
requirements in the two rules while still maintaining the integrity of 
the separate NSPS and acid rain programs. EPA received five comment 
letters on these proposed amendments. The comments were generally 
supportive of the amendments, but due to the need for additional 
internal EPA review, EPA did not include the CEM protocol amendments 
with the other steam generating unit NSPS amendments that were 
promulgated on February 27, 2006. EPA intends to include the final CEM 
requirement amendments with the final action of this reconsideration. A 
detailed description of the proposed amendments to the CEM requirements 
is available in the docket.

II. Proposed Amendments

    EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR part 60, subparts D, Da, Db, and 
Dc to clarify the intent for applying and implementing specific rule 
requirements and to correct unintentional technical omissions and 
editorial errors. A summary of the proposed substantive amendments to 
the NSPS for steam generating units and the rationale for these 
amendments are presented below.
    In addition, EPA is proposing to republish 40 CFR 60.17 
(Incorporations by reference) and subparts D, Da, Db, and Dc in their 
entirety. The proposed amendments include updating 40 CFR 60.17 to be 
consistent with the recent formatting style used in subpart KKKK of 40 
CFR part 60 and revising the wording and writing style to be more 
consistent across all the NSPS subparts applicable to steam generating 
units. EPA does not intend for these editorial revisions to 
substantively change any of

[[Page 6322]]

the technical or administrative requirements of the subparts and has 
concluded that these do not do so. The various subparts were 
promulgated at different times and, therefore, vary somewhat in style. 
EPA has concluded that it is appropriate at this time to reconcile 
these various styles in order to provide consistency across the 
subparts. To the extent that the editorial revisions do effect any 
unintended substantive changes, EPA will correct the problem in taking 
final action on the proposed rule. The docket for this rulemaking 
(Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0031) contains complete redline/strike-
out versions of each subpart, which allows direct comparison of all of 
the proposed amended rule text with the existing rule text.

A. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart D

1. Alternative Emissions Standards
    Subpart D of 40 CFR part 60 establishes nitrogen oxides 
(NOX), SO2, and PM emission standards for steam 
generating units that began construction between August 17, 1971 and 
September 18, 1978. Continuous compliance with these emissions 
standards is determined by comparison of the applicable emissions limit 
to the actual NOX and SO2 emissions measured by 
CEMS and averaged over three contiguous 1-hour periods.
    When subpart D was originally developed, the NOX 
standards were achievable with the use of available combustion 
controls, and the SO2 standards were achievable by burning 
low-sulfur fuels. EPA has concluded some of the electric utility steam 
generating units presently subject to subpart D will install additional 
post-combustion controls because they are subject to NOX and 
SO2 emissions standards implemented by other air programs 
after subpart D was promulgated. In many cases, compliance with these 
other NOX and SO2 standards is based on 30-day or 
longer rolling averages instead of the 3-hour averaging period used for 
the subpart D standards. For example, a coal-fired electric utility 
steam generating unit subject to both the subpart D NSPS and the 
Regional Haze Regulations must meet: (1) A 3-hour average 
SO2 emission of 1.2 pounds per million Btu of heat input 
(lb/MMBtu) and (2) the Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) 
presumptive 30-day rolling average SO2 emissions limit of 
0.15 lb/MMBtu or 95 percent reduction in potential emissions. This 
requires the owners and operators of the units subject to both subpart 
D and BART to collect and record data and perform compliance 
determinations for two different averaging periods.
    EPA is proposing to allow owners and operators of steam generating 
units subject to subpart D to elect to comply with the NOX 
and SO2 standards for modified units under subpart Da. These 
standards are based on 30-day rolling averages and would be an 
alternative to meeting the existing applicable 3-hour average 
NOX and SO2 standards in subpart D. Adding these 
alternative 30-day average NOX and SO2 standards 
to subpart D would simplify the compliance requirements and add fuel 
choice flexibility.
    Since averaging time is an important consideration when selecting 
the numerical level for an emissions standard, the limits EPA is 
proposing as an alternative to the existing 3-hour average based 
standards are significantly lower and represent emissions levels 
achieved by electric utility steam generating units retrofitted with 
post-combustion controls. As an alternative to the existing 3-hour 
average subpart D SO2 standard of 0.8 or 1.2 lb/MMBtu 
(depending on fuel type burned), EPA is proposing to allow a 
SO2 fuel neutral emissions limit of 1.4 pounds per megawatts 
hour of output (lb/MWh), 0.15 lb/MMBtu, or 90 percent reduction of 
potential SO2 emissions based on a 30-day rolling average. 
This emissions limit could be applied to any electric utility steam 
generating unit subject to subpart D regardless of the type of fuel 
burned. For the NOX emissions limit, EPA is proposing a fuel 
neutral 30-day rolling average emissions limit of 1.4 lb/MWh or 0.15 
lb/MMBtu as an alternative to the existing subpart D 3-hour 
NOX emissions limits of 0.2 to 0.8 lb/MMBtu (depending on 
the type of fuel burned).
    To use the alternative standards, an owner or operator would 
request permission from the EPA Administrator for the affected source 
to begin complying with the alternative 30-day average NOX 
and SO2 standards. After demonstrating initial compliance 
with the 30-day average standards, the 30-day average standards would 
apply to the source for the remainder of the operating life of the 
unit. The decision to comply with the alternative 30-day average 
NOX and SO2 emissions standards would be a one-
time and irreversible decision, i.e., an owner or operator would not be 
allowed to switch between complying with the 3-hour average standards 
and the 30-day rolling average standards. For owners and operators who 
decide to continue to demonstrate compliance based on the 3-hour 
rolling average standards, demonstrating that a unit achieved the 30-
day average standards does not remove the obligation to demonstrate 
continuous compliance with the 3-hour average based standards.
2. Alternative PM CEMS Monitoring
    The amendments to subpart Da in 40 CFR part 60, promulgated on 
February 27, 2006, allow affected owners and operators of electric 
utility steam generating units subject to subpart Da to install and 
operate a CEMS that measures PM as an alternative to continuously 
monitoring opacity. EPA is proposing that the same alternative 
monitoring provisions be added to subpart D. EPA has concluded that 
since PM CEMS measure the pollutant of primary interest they provide 
adequate assurance of PM control device performance, and continuous 
opacity monitoring is an unnecessary burden to affected sources using 
PM CEMS.
3. Alternate Carbon Monoxide Monitoring for Oil-Fired Steam Generating 
Units
    Under subpart D, all affected electric utility steam generating 
units (including those that only burn natural gas) are subject to PM 
and visible emissions limit standards. Steam generating units burning 
gaseous fuels do not require a continuous opacity monitoring system 
(COMS), but all other affected facilities burning liquid or solid fuels 
are required to continuously monitor opacity. Opacity readings from the 
COMS are not only used to determine compliance with the opacity 
standard, but also serve as a continuous indicator of PM emission 
levels. Elevated opacity levels are often indications of operating 
problems with the PM control device and/or poor combustion.
    In general, the level of filterable PM emissions from oil-fired 
steam generating units is a function of the completeness of fuel 
combustion as well as the ash content in the oil. Distillate oil 
contains negligible ash content, so the filterable PM emissions from 
distillate oil-fired steam generating units are primarily comprised of 
carbon particles resulting from incomplete combustion of the oil. 
Residual oil contains larger amounts of ash (as much as 0.2 percent) 
and additional PM results from the formation of coke, black smoke 
(soot), and sulfates. Coke is comprised of larger particles and results 
from poor atomization of the fuel; soot results from incomplete fuel 
combustion. The larger coke particles comprise the majority of the mass 
of PM emissions, but are not highly visible. Smaller black smoke 
particles are comprised of fine particulate carbon and

[[Page 6323]]

have relatively little mass, but have maximum visibility (opacity) 
impacts. Therefore, opacity for oil-fired steam generating units is not 
always a reliable indicator of the total mass of PM emissions.
    Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from oil-fired steam generating 
units depend on the combustion efficiency of the fuel. The presence of 
CO in the exhaust gases from an oil-fired steam generating unit results 
principally from incomplete fuel combustion, and is an indicator of the 
levels of both PM and organic compound emissions, and that a unit is 
being operated improperly or not being well maintained. Furthermore, 
the PM emissions from oil-fired steam generating units are related to 
the sulfur content of the oil. Naturally low sulfur crude oil and 
desulfurized oils are higher quality fuels and exhibit lower viscosity 
and reduced asphaltene, ash, and sulfur content, which results in 
better atomization and improved overall combustion properties.
    To provide additional flexibility and decrease the compliance 
burden on affected facilities, EPA is requesting comments on whether 
oil-fired steam generating units should be permitted to continuously 
monitoring CO as an alternative to continuously monitoring opacity. 
Many oil-fired steam generating units subject to subpart D are able to 
achieve the PM emissions limit without the use of post-combustion PM 
controls (e.g., electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or fabric filter). For 
these units, opacity levels are primarily determined by the combustion 
efficiency of the steam generating units. Since CO emissions are also a 
direct function of the combustion efficiency, EPA has concluded that 
either opacity or CO emissions can be used as reliable indicators of PM 
emissions levels from oil-fired steam generating units not using PM or 
CO post-combustion controls. Additionally, in situations where an oil-
fired steam generating unit is using a wet scrubber and opacity 
monitoring using COMS is not feasible due to the water vapor in the gas 
stream exiting the control device, continuous CO monitoring provides an 
alternative means for monitoring PM emissions. The alternative would 
not apply to oil-fired steam generating units using an ESP or fabric 
filter for PM control or a CO catalyst to reduce CO emissions. Opacity 
can be used by operators to identify problems with the PM control 
equipment, and post-combustion PM and CO controls alter the 
relationship between CO and PM emissions.
    If this alternative is added to subpart D, owners and operators of 
affected oil-fired steam generating units without post-combustion 
technologies to reduce PM, SO2, or CO (except a wet 
scrubber) would be able to elect to install and operate a CO CEMS in 
place of a COMS. The owner or operator would be required to 
periodically review the CO emissions measurements from the CEMS. If the 
CO emissions level exceeds a specified threshold or action level, the 
owner or operator would need to initiate investigation of the relevant 
combustion controls or equipment upon first discovery of the elevated 
CO emissions incident and, if necessary, take corrective action to 
adjust or repair the combustion controls or equipment to return the 
steam generating unit operation to CO emissions levels below the action 
level.
    To select a CO value for the action value, EPA reviewed CO 
emissions data and CO emissions limits established by State air permits 
and for existing oil-fired steam generating units. Based on this 
review, EPA concluded that daily average CO emissions levels below 0.15 
lb/MMBtu are representative of the levels of CO emissions achievable by 
properly operated and maintained oil-fired steam generating units. 
Thus, for this alternative EPA proposes to use a daily average CO 
emissions level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as the action level above which 
corrective action would be required. EPA is requesting comment on 
whether this is an appropriate level or whether a different level and/
or averaging time should be used.
    The fuel characteristics of distillate oil and low sulfur oils 
result in inherently lower PM emissions. EPA is proposing the CO 
monitoring alternative be restricted to only those steam generating 
units burning distillate oil and residual oil that contains no more 
than 0.30 percent sulfur. As another option, since distillate oil 
containing no more than 0.05 weight percent sulfur (500 parts per 
million (ppm) S) has relatively low emissions, should steam generating 
units burning 500 ppm S distillate oil exclusively or in combination 
with gaseous fuels be exempt from the COMS requirement, while all other 
oil-fired facilities would still be required to install COMS?
    Finally, should the CO level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu be established as a 
CO emissions limit or as a deviation that triggers corrective action? 
If exceeding the CO level is a deviation requiring the owner or 
operator to take corrective action, what percent of the time should an 
affected source be allowed to exceed the CO action level before it is 
considered a potential violation? As an alternative, since monitoring 
CO provides equivalent or superior protection to the environment as 
monitoring opacity, would it be appropriate to exempt oil-fired steam 
generating units monitoring CO emissions from the opacity standard 
completely? If oil-fired steam generating units were exempt from the 
opacity standard, the CO level would be established as a CO emissions 
limit and any exceedance above the level during operation would be a 
potential violation. Draft language EPA is considering is available in 
the docket.

B. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Da

1. Applicability
    EPA is proposing language to clarify the applicability of subpart 
Da to electric utility steam generating units to clearly state the 
intent of the amendments published on February 27, 2006. EPA is 
revising 40 CFR 60.40Da to clarify that integrated gasification 
combined cycle (IGCC) facilities are subject to subpart Da, and not the 
stationary combustion turbine NSPS, subpart KKKK, 40 CFR part 60.
2. Compliance Procedures
    Compliance with the PM emissions limits in subpart Da is determined 
by conducting performance tests, unless the owner or operator elects to 
demonstrate compliance using PM CEMS. During the performance test, the 
owner or operator also establishes opacity and appropriate control 
device operating parameter limits based on the actual values measured 
during the test. Following the performance test, the owner or operator 
continuously monitors opacity and the selected operating parameters 
with respect to the established limits. An owner or operator of an 
affected steam generating unit using an ESP must monitor voltage and 
secondary current; while affected sources using a fabric filter must 
install and monitor bag leak detectors. If the threshold values are 
exceeded, the owner or operator is required to perform a new 
performance test to demonstrate that the affected source is still in 
compliance with the applicable emissions limit.
    The PM not collected by an ESP and emitted in the ESP exhaust gas 
stream has a relatively constant size distribution, which does not 
change significantly as the ESP performance changes. Consequently, ESP 
opacity variations from the baseline established during the performance 
test reflect changes in PM mass emissions. For fabric filters, the 
opacity and PM relationship is not as constant. An increase in PM 
emissions from a fabric filter can occur from holes developing

[[Page 6324]]

in the bags. This results in a size distribution change of the 
particles being emitted in the fabric filter exhaust gas stream. Since 
the particles going through the holes are the same size distribution as 
the inlet particles (not just the fine diameter particles that escape 
capture and pass through the bag filter material) PM mass emissions 
from a fabric filter can increase substantially with little impact on 
opacity. For fabric filters, bag leak detectors are more sensitive to 
increases in PM emissions than opacity.
    EPA is soliciting comment on whether opacity, in conjunction with 
either monitoring ESP parameters or using fabric filter bag leak 
detectors, are adequate and the appropriate monitoring parameters for 
demonstrating continuous proper operation of the PM control device. If 
not, what parameters should be monitored, and what percent deviation 
from the baseline is appropriate? EPA is specifically asking if the 110 
percent of the baseline opacity value measured during the performance 
test is an appropriate indicator of the need for a new performance 
test. Would it be appropriate to add a 5 percent allowable deviation 
(on a 30-day rolling average) above the baseline opacity or set a lower 
indicator limit of 5 percent per clock hour regardless of the opacity 
value measured during the PM performance test? Since facilities using 
fabric filters generally have low opacity emissions, an hourly opacity 
limit of 5 percent would apply for them. In contrast, facilities using 
ESP to control PM emissions tend to have higher opacity emissions, and 
would still be able to establish a baseline opacity.
    To monitor the performance of an ESP, are voltage and secondary 
current appropriate additional parameters to monitor, and is the 10 
percent deviation from the baseline an appropriate amount of variation 
to trigger a new performance test? As an alternative to establishing a 
baseline voltage and secondary current, should daily use of an ESP 
predictive performance computer model be required? One advantage of 
using a predictive ESP model is that ESP performance is impacted by the 
properties of the ash. Without using a model that accounts for both the 
ash characteristics (amount and resistivity) and the ESP operating 
parameters, voltage and secondary current cannot be directly correlated 
to PM emissions. If use of a predictive ESP model was added, an 
affected facility would be required to establish the model parameters 
during each performance test and then use daily average ash 
characteristics and ESP parameters to determine if a new performance 
test has been triggered. Also, since ash characteristics vary 
significantly even within the same coal type, EPA is considering 
requiring that the baseline be re-determined (or model parameters 
adjusted) each time the affected facility changes the ratio of fuels 
used or takes delivery from a new coal mine or supplier. In addition, 
to monitor the performance of a fabric filter, is a 5 percent bag leak 
detector alarm rate on a 30-day rolling basis an appropriate trigger 
for a performance test?
    EPA is also proposing to shorten the time period required to 
conduct the ``triggered'' performance test from 60 days to 45 operating 
days. Should the period be further shortened to 30 operating days from 
the day of the initial exceedance, or is 60 operating days appropriate?
3. Alternate Carbon Monoxide Monitoring for Oil-Fired Steam Generating 
Units
    One technical error EPA is correcting is the continuous opacity 
monitoring requirements for oil-fired steam generating units subject to 
subparts Da, Db, and Dc. Affected industrial, commercial, and 
institutional steam generating units burning only low sulfur oil have 
relatively low filterable particulate matter (PM) emissions and are 
exempt from the PM standard, but still must continuously monitor 
opacity. For these units, opacity serves both as an emissions limit on 
visible emissions and as an indicator that the steam generating unit 
and associated air pollution controls are being properly maintained and 
operated. The intent of the amendments was to maintain the PM exemption 
for affected facilities burning low sulfur oil and therefore not 
require an initial PM performance test. It was not the intent of the 
amendments to eliminate continuous opacity monitoring for these 
facilities without first requesting public comment.
    Subpart Da requires all affected existing oil-fired steam 
generating units to demonstrate compliance with the PM standard through 
a performance test and installation of a COMS to monitor visible 
emissions. Similar to subpart D, EPA is requesting comment on whether 
affected steam generating units burning distillate oil containing less 
than 0.05 weight percent sulfur (500 ppm S) should be exempt from the 
COMS requirement. As an alternative, should EPA permit low sulfur oil-
fired subpart Da affected facilities without PM, SO2, or CO 
post-combustion controls (except a wet scrubber) to be allowed to use 
the same CO monitoring alternative for steam generating units subject 
to subpart D as discussed in Section A.3 of this notice instead of 
using a COMS? If EPA adopts this provision, the affected source using a 
CO CEMS in place of a COMS would be subject to the same daily CO action 
level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as would be applied to affected sources subject 
to subpart D. Similar to units with PM CEMS, the 20 percent opacity 
standard would still apply to the source, but opacity would not be 
required to be continuously monitored. Since residual oil-fired steam 
generating units generally require post-combustion controls to achieve 
the PM standard in subpart Da, in practice EPA would expect that only 
owners and operators of distillate oil-fired units and residual oil-
fired units using wet scrubbers would elect to use this alternative.
4. Alternative PM CEMS Monitoring
    For owners and operators of affected electric utility steam 
generating units electing to use PM CEMS to demonstrate continuous 
compliance with the applicable PM emissions limit, EPA is proposing a 
phased data availability requirement. Initially, PM CEMS hourly 
averages would be required to be obtained for a minimum of 75 percent 
of all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis. Beginning on 
January 1, 2012, valid PM CEMS hourly averages would be required for a 
minimum of 90 percent of all operating hours on a 30-day rolling 
average basis; this value is consistent with the recently amended 90 
percent data availability requirement in subpart Da for NOX 
and SO2 CEMS.
    EPA is also requesting comments on the proper emissions averaging 
time for units electing to use PM CEMS. EPA is proposing to maintain 
that PM emissions be averaged over each operating day, but is 
requesting comments on whether, alternatively, this average should be 
on an 8-hour, 24-hour, 30-day, or other appropriate rolling average 
period. Longer averaging times allow for more stable emission rates and 
tend toward a lower standard. Shorter averaging times introduce more 
variability in emission rates and tend toward higher standards. EPA 
requests that each commenter provide an appropriate emission standard 
for use with any suggested alternate averaging time.

C. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Db

1. Emissions Standards
    EPA is proposing that steam generating units subject to subpart Db 
that burn natural gas or coke oven gas

[[Page 6325]]

(COG) be exempt from the PM emissions standard. Both natural gas and 
COG-fired steam generating units do not use post-combustion PM 
controls, and have inherently low PM emissions. As a result, the PM 
performance test results in limited environmental benefit.
    EPA is also proposing to revise the procedure used to grant site-
specific NOX limits under 40 CFR 60.44b. Only a limited 
number of site-specific limits have been granted under this provision 
in the past 20 years. Currently, EPA amends subpart Db by a formal 
notice and comment rulemaking when granting a site-specific limit. To 
simplify the procedure and reduce administrative burden, EPA is 
proposing to grant site-specific NOX limits by sending a 
letter to the facility owner or operator detailing the site-specific 
limit and publishing that letter in EPA's applicability determination 
index.
2. Units Burning Coke Oven Gas
    Because of the specific characteristics of the steel industry, EPA 
is proposing to allow a 30-day exceedance per year from the 
SO2 emission limit for steam generating units burning COG 
exclusively or in combination with other gaseous fuels or distillate 
oil. COG desulfurization facilities require periodic maintenance, but 
the coking process continues during this time, and it is cost 
prohibitive to store the COG. Coke-making facilities would either have 
to install a second desulfurization unit or flare the COG and burn 
natural gas during the maintenance period. Of these two options, the 
least cost option would be to flare the COG and use natural gas during 
the annual maintenance. This would result in both increased cost to the 
steel industry and NOX emissions without achieving any 
reductions in SO2. State permitting authorities have 
recognized this and have included similar exemptions in their permits.
3. Compliance Procedures
    EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR 60.49b(r) to add a detailed 
procedure for affected facilities complying with the fuel based limit.
4. Alternate Opacity Monitoring
    Since COG-fired steam generating units have filterable PM emissions 
similar to natural gas, EPA is proposing to exempt industrial-
commercial-institutional steam generating units burning COG from the 
COM requirement.
    Under subpart Db, 40 CFR part 60, affected facilities burning coal 
(except COG), wood, and oil (other than very low sulfur oil) are 
subject to the PM standard. All coal (except COG), wood, and oil-fired 
affected facilities are subject to the opacity standard, and are 
required to install a COMS. Consistent with the CO monitoring 
alternative for steam generating units subject to subparts D or Da as 
discussed in Section A.3 of this notice, EPA is proposing to exempt 
affected industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units not 
using post-combustion technology to reduce SO2 or PM 
emissions and burning only distillate oil containing no greater than 
0.05 weight percent (500 ppm) sulfur and low sulfur gasified fuels 
(desulfurized gasified coal and gasified wood) from the COMS 
requirements in subpart Db. The filterable PM emissions from sources 
burning low sulfur distillate are inherently low (less than 0.02 lb/
MMBtu), and this change would provide flexibility for natural gas-fired 
steam generating units to burn distillate oil as a backup fuel without 
having to install and operate a COMS. As an alternative, should EPA 
permit low sulfur (less than 0.30 weight percent sulfur) affected oil-
fired units not using post-combustion technology (except a wet 
scrubber) to reduce emissions of SO2, PM, or CO to install a 
CO CEMS in place of a COMS? EPA is considering using the same daily CO 
action level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu as would be applied to affected sources 
subject to subpart D or Da. The industrial boiler MACT requires new 
oil-fired units to monitor CO; allowing this alternate monitoring would 
reduce the burden on the regulated community while still providing 
adequate environmental protection.

D. Proposed Substantive Amendments to Subpart Dc

1. Emissions Standards
    EPA is proposing that industrial-commercial-institutional steam 
generating units subject to subpart Dc that burn natural gas or low-
sulfur oil be exempt from the PM emissions standard. This amendment 
reflects EPA's intent for applying the PM emissions limits to 
industrial-commercial-institutional steam generating units subject to 
subpart Dc, and would be consistent with the exemption from the PM 
emissions limits allowed for units subject to Dc that were constructed 
before February 28, 2005.
2. Compliance Procedures
    EPA is proposing to clarify the fuel recordkeeping requirements in 
40 CFR 60.48c(g). Owners or operators of steam generating units 
combusting only natural gas, wood, and distillate oil containing less 
than 0.5 weight percent sulfur may elect to record fuel usage amounts 
on a monthly instead of daily basis. In addition, owners or operators 
of steam generating units with maximum heat input capacities of less 
than 30 MMBtu/hr and combusting coal and residual oil may elect to 
record the amounts of fuels combusted each calendar month. EPA has 
concluded that allowing monthly fuel usage monitoring for these steam 
generating units provides adequate assurance of compliance, as well as 
minimizing the burden to affected facilities.
    EPA is considering and requesting comments on whether owners or 
operators of multiple steam generating units located on a contiguous 
property facility where the only fuels combusted in any steam 
generating unit located on that property are natural gas, wood, and 
distillate oil containing no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur 
should have the option to elect to only record the total amounts of 
fuels delivered to the property each calendar month instead of the 
amount combusted at each affected facility. Draft language EPA is 
requesting comment on for a potential 40 CFR 60.48c(g)(3) is as 
follows:
    ``(3) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of paragraph 
(g)(1) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected facility 
or multiple affected facilities located on a contiguous property unit 
where the only fuels combusted in any steam generating unit (including 
steam generating units not subject to this subpart) at that property 
are natural gas, wood, distillate oil meeting the most current 
requirements in Sec.  60.42c to use fuel certification to demonstrate 
compliance with the SO2 standard, and/or fuels, excluding 
coal and residual oil, not subject to an emissions standard (excluding 
opacity) may elect to record and maintain records of the total amount 
of each steam generating unit fuel delivered to that property during 
each calendar month.''
    This alternative would be restricted to properties where no coal or 
residual oil is combusted in any steam generating unit located at that 
property. In addition, the alternative would require that all 
distillate oil-fired steam generating units located on the property 
(including those not subject to subpart Dc) only combust distillate oil 
containing no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur. If subpart Dc is 
amended in the future to require the use of lower sulfur distillate 
oil, all steam generating units located at that property would have to 
switch to the lower sulfur distillate oil for the owner or operator to 
elect to use this alternative.

[[Page 6326]]

3. Alternate Opacity Monitoring
    Under subpart Dc, 40 CFR part 60, affected steam generating units 
burning coal, wood, and oil containing more than 0.5 weight percent 
sulfur are subject to the PM standard. All coal, wood, and oil-fired 
affected facilities are subject to the opacity standard, but affected 
facilities burning distillate oil containing less than 0.5 weight 
percent sulfur are exempt from the COM requirement. EPA is proposing 
that owners and operators of affected steam generating units burning 
desulfurized gasified coal and gasified wood and not using post-
combustion PM or SO2 controls be exempt from continuously 
monitoring opacity. Should the exemption be limited to fuels with 
potential SO2 emissions less than 26 nanograms per Joule 
heat input (0.06 lb/MMBtu), or should a different potential sulfur 
limit be required? Sources supporting this exemption should provide 
emissions data demonstrating that uncontrolled PM emissions are 
consistently below 0.030 lb/MMBtu. These facilities would still be 
subject to the PM emission limit and opacity standard, but exempt from 
the COMS requirement.
    Finally, should affected steam generating units burning residual 
oil containing less than 0.5 weight percent sulfur and/or desulfurized 
gasified coal and gasified wood have the option of monitoring CO 
emissions in place of opacity consistent with the CO monitoring 
alternative for steam generating units subject to subpart D as 
discussed in Section A.3 of this notice? EPA is requesting comment on 
whether residual oil-fired steam generating units subject to subpart Dc 
should be able to elect to install a CO CEMS and maintain daily average 
CO emission below a level of 0.15 lb/MMBtu in place of the COMS 
requirement. This would reduce the compliance burden for sources 
already monitoring CO emissions (due to the boiler MACT or other 
regulation) and still provide adequate environmental protection.

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review

    This action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under the 
terms of Executive Order (EO) 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 
is, therefore, not subject to review under the EO. EPA has concluded 
that the amendments EPA is requesting additional comments on will not 
change the costs or benefits of the rule.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This action does not impose any new information collection burden 
under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et 
seq. The proposed amendments result in no changes to the information 
collection requirements of the existing standards of performance and 
would have no impact on the information collection estimate of 
projected cost and hour burden made and approved by the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) during the development of the existing 
standards of performance. Therefore, the information collection 
requests have not been amended. OMB has previously approved the 
information collection requirements contained in the existing standards 
of performance (40 CFR part 60, subparts Da, Db, and Dc) under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., at 
the time the standards were promulgated on June 11, 1979 (40 CFR part 
60, subpart Da, 44 FR 33580), November 25, 1986 (40 CFR part 60, 
subpart Db, 51 FR 42768), and September 12, 1990 (40 CFR part 60, 
subpart Dc, 55 FR 37674). OMB assigned OMB control numbers 2060-0023 
(ICR 1053.07) for 40 CFR part 60, subpart Da, 2060-0072 (ICR 1088.10) 
for 40 CFR part 60, subpart Db, 2060-0202 (ICR 1564.06) for 40 CFR part 
60, subpart Dc. Copies of the information collection request 
document(s) may be obtained from Susan Auby by mail at U.S. EPA, Office 
of Environmental Information, Collection.
    Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources 
expended by persons to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or 
provide information to or for a Federal agency. This includes the time 
needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize 
technology and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and 
verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and 
disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing ways to 
comply with any previously applicable instructions and requirements; 
train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; 
search data sources; complete and review the collection of information; 
and transmit or otherwise disclose the information.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a 
currently valid OMB control number. OMB control numbers for EPA's 
regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act generally requires an agency to 
prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to notice 
and comment rulemaking requirements under the Administrative Procedure 
Act or any other statute unless the agency certifies that the rule will 
not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities. Small entities include small businesses, small organizations, 
and small governmental jurisdictions.
    For purposes of assessing the impacts of the proposed amendments on 
small entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A small business as 
defined by the Small Business Administration's regulations at 13 CFR 
121.201; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government of 
a city, county, town, school district or special district with a 
population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is 
any not-for-profit enterprise which is independently owned and operated 
and is not dominant in its field.
    After considering the economic impacts of this proposed rule on 
small entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant 
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
    Although this proposed rule will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities, EPA nonetheless has 
tried to reduce the impact of this rule on small entities. EPA is 
proposing to reduce the fuel usage recordkeeping requirement for 
subpart Dc facilities. In addition, EPA is taking comment on minimizing 
the continuous opacity monitoring requirements for oil-fired 
facilities. EPA has, therefore, concluded that this proposed rule will 
relieve regulatory burden for all affected small entities. EPA 
continues to be interested in the potential impacts of the proposed 
rule on small entities and welcome comments on issues related to such 
impacts.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public 
Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the 
effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal 
governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, EPA 
generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-benefit 
analysis, for proposed and final rules with ``Federal mandates'' that 
may result in expenditures to State, local, and tribal governments, in 
the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 million

[[Page 6327]]

or more in any one year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for which a 
written statement is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally requires 
EPA to identify and consider a reasonable number of regulatory 
alternatives and adopt the least costly, most cost-effective or least 
burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives of the rule. The 
provisions of section 205 do not apply when they are inconsistent with 
applicable law. Moreover, section 205 allows EPA to adopt an 
alternative other than the least costly, most cost-effective or least 
burdensome alternative if the Administrator publishes with the final 
rule an explanation why that alternative was not adopted. Before EPA 
establishes any regulatory requirements that may significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, including tribal governments, it 
must have developed under section 203 of the UMRA a small government 
agency plan. The plan must provide for notifying potentially affected 
small governments, enabling officials of affected small governments to 
have meaningful and timely input in the development of EPA regulatory 
proposals with significant Federal intergovernmental mandates, and 
informing, educating, and advising small governments on compliance with 
the regulatory requirements.
    EPA has determined that the proposed amendments will contain no 
Federal mandates that may result in expenditures of $100 million or 
more for State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or the 
private sector in any 1 year. Thus, the proposed amendments are not 
subject to the requirements of section 202 and 205 of the UMRA. In 
addition, EPA determined that the proposed amendments contain no 
regulatory requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect 
small governments because the burden is small and the regulation does 
not unfairly apply to small governments. Therefore, the proposed 
amendments are not subject to the requirements of section 203 of the 
UMRA.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, August 
10, 1999), requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure 
``meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the 
development of regulatory policies that have federalism implications.'' 
``Policies that have federalism implications'' is defined in the 
Executive Order to include regulations that have ``substantial direct 
effects on the States, on the relationship between the national 
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities among the various levels of government.''
    The proposed amendments do not have federalism implications. They 
will not have substantial direct effects on the States, on the 
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the 
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of 
government, as specified in Executive Order 13132. The proposed 
amendments will not impose substantial direct compliance costs on State 
or local governments; it will not preempt State law. Thus, Executive 
Order 13132 does not apply to the proposed amendments.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    Executive Order 13175, entitled ``Consultation and Coordination 
with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), 
requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful 
and timely input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory 
policies that have tribal implications.'' The proposed amendments do 
not have tribal implications, as specified in Executive Order 13175. 
The proposed amendments will not have substantial direct effects on 
tribal governments, on the relationship between the Federal Government 
and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities 
between the Federal government and Indian tribes. Thus, Executive Order 
13175 does not apply to the proposed amendments.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health and Safety Risks

    Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) applies to any 
rule that: (1) Is determined to be ``economically significant'' as 
defined under Executive Order 12866, and (2) concerns an environmental 
health or safety risk that EPA has reason to believe may have a 
disproportionate effect on children. If the regulatory action meets 
both criteria, the Agency must evaluate the environmental health or 
safety effects of the planned rule on children, and explain why the 
planned regulation is preferable to other potentially effective and 
reasonably feasible alternatives considered by the Agency.
    This proposed action is not subject to the Executive Order because 
it is not economically significant as defined under Executive Order 
12866, and because EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying 
only to those regulatory actions that are based on health or safety 
risks, such that the analysis required under section 5-501 of the Order 
has the potential to influence the regulation. The proposed amendments 
are based on technology performance and not on health or safety risks 
and, therefore, are not subject to Executive Order 13045.

H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This proposed action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, 
``Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy 
Supply, Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) because it 
is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act

    Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Public Law 104-113, Section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) directs us to use voluntary consensus standards in our regulatory 
activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with applicable law or 
otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical 
standards (e.g., material specifications, test methods, sampling 
procedures, business practices) developed or adopted by one or more 
voluntary consensus bodies. The NTTAA directs us to provide Congress, 
through OMB, explanations when EPA decides not use available and 
applicable voluntary consensus standards.
    This action does not involve any new technical standards or the 
incorporation by reference of existing technical standards. Therefore, 
the consideration of voluntary consensus standards is not relevant to 
this action.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

    Dated: January 31, 2007.
Stephen L. Johnson,
Administrator.
    For the reasons stated in the preamble, title 40, chapter I, part 
60, of the Code of the Federal Regulations is proposed to be amended as 
follows:

PART 60--[AMENDED]

    1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

[[Page 6328]]

Subpart A--[Amended]

    2. Section 60.17 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  60.17  Incorporation by Reference

* * * * *
    (a) The following materials are available for purchase from at 
least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and 
Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, Post Office Box C700, West 
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; or ProQuest, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann 
Arbor, MI 48106.
    (1) ASTM A99-76, 82 (Reapproved 1987), Standard Specification for 
Ferromanganese, incorporation by reference (IBR) approved for Sec.  
60.261.
    (2) ASTM A100-69, 74, 93, Standard Specification for Ferrosilicon, 
IBR approved for Sec.  60.261.
    (3) ASTM A101-73, 93, Standard Specification for Ferrochromium, IBR 
approved for Sec.  60.261.
    (4) ASTM A482-76, 93, Standard Specification for 
Ferrochromesilicon, IBR approved for Sec.  60.261.
    (5) ASTM A483-64, 74 (Reapproved 1988), Standard Specification for 
Silicomanganese, IBR approved for Sec.  60.261.
    (6) ASTM A495-76, 94, Standard Specification for Calcium-Silicon 
and Calcium Manganese-Silicon, IBR approved for Sec.  60.261.
    (7) ASTM D86-78, 82, 90, 93, 95, 96, Distillation of Petroleum 
Products, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  60.562-2(d), 60.593(d), and 
60.633(h).
    (8) ASTM D129-64, 78, 95, 00, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in 
Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  
60.106(j)(2), 60.335(b)(10)(i), and Appendix A: Method 19, 12.5.2.2.3.
    (9) ASTM D129-00 (Reapproved 2005), Standard Test Method for Sulfur 
in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method), IBR approved for Sec.  
60.4415(a)(1)(i).
    (10) ASTM D240-92, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of 
Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for Sec.  
60.46(c).
    (11) ASTM D240-76, 92, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion 
of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter, IBR approved for Sec.  
60.296(b) and Appendix A: Method 19, Section 12.5.2.2.3.
    (12) ASTM D270-65, 75, Standard Method of Sampling Petroleum and 
Petroleum Products, IBR approved for Appendix A: Method 19, Section 
12.5.2.2.1.
    (13) ASTM D323-82, 94, Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum 
Products (Reid Method), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  60.111(l), 
60.111a(g), 60.111b(g), and 60.116b(f)(2)(ii).
    (14) ASTM D388-99 (Reapproved 2004) [egr] \1\, Standard 
Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR approved for 
Sec. Sec.  60.41(g) of subpart D of this part, 60.45(f)(4)(i), 
60.45(f)(4)(ii), 60.45(f)(4)(vi), 60.41Da of subpart Da of this part, 
and 60.41b of subpart Db of this part, 60.41c of subpart Dc of this 
part.
    (15) ASTM D388-77, 90, 91, 95, 98a, Standard Specification for 
Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR approved for 60.251(b) and (c) of 
subpart Y of this part.
    (16) ASTM D388-77, 90, 91, 95, 98a, 99 (Reapproved 2004) [egr] \1\, 
Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, IBR 
approved for Sec. Sec.  60.24(h)(8), and 60.4102.
    (17) ASTM D396-98, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils, IBR 
approved for Sec. Sec.  60.41b of subpart Db of this part and 60.41c of 
subpart Dc of this part.
    (18) ASTM D396-78, 89, 90, 92, 96, 98, Standard Specification for 
Fuel Oils, IBR approved for 60.111(b) of subpart K of this part and 
60.111a(b) of subpart Ka of this part.
    (19) ASTM D975-78, 96, 98a, Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel 
Oils, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  60.111(b) of subpart K of this part 
and 60.111a(b) of subpart Ka of this part.
    (20) ASTM D1072-80, 90 (Reapproved 1994), Standard Test Method for 
Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases, IBR approved for Sec.  60.335(b)(10)(ii).
    (21) ASTM D1072-90 (Reapproved 1999), Standard Test Method for 
Total Sulfur in Fuel G

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