California State Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Standards; Notice of Within-the-Scope Determination for Amendments To California's Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Standards and Notice of Waiver of Federal Preemption Decision for Other ZEV standards, 78190-78192 [E6-22314]
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78190
Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 249 / Thursday, December 28, 2006 / Notices
Dated: December 21, 2006.
Clay Sell,
Deputy Secretary.
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, DEPUTY
SECRETARY
In the Matter of: Western Area Power
Administration Rates Extension for the
Pacific Northwest-Pacific Southwest
Intertie Project Transmission Service
Rates
sroberts on PROD1PC70 with NOTICES
Order Confirming and Approving an
Extension of the Pacific NorthwestPacific Southwest Intertie Project
Transmission Service Rates
These transmission service rates were
established following section 302 of the
Department of Energy (DOE)
Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7152). This
Act transferred to and vested in the
Secretary of Energy the power marketing
functions of the Secretary of the
Department of the Interior and the
Bureau of Reclamation under the
Reclamation Act of 1902 (ch. 1093, 32
Stat. 388), as amended and
supplemented by subsequent laws,
particularly section 9(c) of the
Reclamation Project Act of 1939 (43
U.S.C. 485h(c)), and other Acts that
specifically apply to the project system
involved.
By Delegation Order No. 00–037.00,
effective December 6, 2001, the
Secretary of Energy delegated: (1) the
authority to develop power and
transmission rates to the Administrator
of the Western Area Power
Administration (Western); (2) the
authority to confirm, approve, and place
such rates into effect on an interim basis
to the Deputy Secretary of Energy; and
(3) the authority to confirm, approve,
and place into effect on a final basis, to
remand, or to disapprove such rates to
the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission.
Background
The existing Rate Schedules consist of
separate firm transmission service rates
for the 230/345-kilovolt (kV) and 500-kV
transmission systems and a nonfirm
transmission service rate for the 230/
345/500-kV transmission system. Rate
Schedules INT-FT2 and INT-NFT2, Rate
Order No. WAPA–71, were approved for
a 53-month period, beginning February
1, 1996, and ending September 30, 2000.
Rate Order No. WAPA–91 extended
these rate schedules for a 39-month
period, beginning October 1, 2000,
through December 31, 2003. Rate Order
No. WAPA–108 extended these rate
schedules again beginning January 1,
2004, through December 31, 2006. Rate
Schedule INT-FT3, contained in Rate
Order No. WAPA–76, was approved for
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20:35 Dec 27, 2006
Jkt 211001
a 5-year period, beginning January 1,
1999, and ending December 31, 2003.
Rate Order No. WAPA–108 extended
this rate schedule beginning January 1,
2004, through December 31, 2006.
ACTION:
Discussion
SUMMARY: By this decision, issued under
section 209(b) of the Clean Air Act, as
amended, (hereafter ‘‘Act’’), 42 U.S.C.
7543(b), the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) today has determined that
provisions of the California Air
Resources Board‘s (CARB’s) 1999–2003
amendments to the California ZeroEmission Vehicle (ZEV) regulations as
they affect 2006 and prior model years
(MYs) are within-the-scope of previous
waivers of federal preemption granted to
California for its ZEV regulations. In the
alternative, EPA is also granting a
waiver of federal preemption for these
MYs. EPA is also granting California(s
request for a waiver of federal
preemption to enforce provisions of the
ZEV regulations as they affect 2007
through 2011 MYs. As explained below,
EPA is also making a finding that
although we believe it appropriate to
grant a full waiver of federal preemption
for the 2007 MY, we also believe it
appropriate to consider the 2007 MY
regulations within-the-scope of previous
waivers of federal preemption as they
apply to certain vehicles that were
already subject to the preexisting ZEV
regulations, with the exception that
requirements pertaining to heavier lightduty trucks (LDT2s) are subject to a full
waiver of federal preemption. EPA, by
this decision, is not making any findings
or determinations with regard to the
2012 and later model years under
CARB’s ZEV regulations.
DATES: Any objections to the findings in
this notice regarding EPA’s confirmation
that CARB’s ZEV amendments, as they
affect the 2007 MY, are within-the-scope
of previous waivers must be filed
January 29, 2007. Otherwise, at the end
of the 30-day period, these findings will
become final. Upon receipt of any
timely objection, EPA will consider
scheduling a public hearing to
reconsider these finding in a subsequent
Federal Register Notice. Under section
307(b)(1) of the Act, judicial review of
this final action may be sought only in
the United States Court of Appeals for
the District of Columbia Circuit.
Petitions for review must be filed
February 26, 2007. Under section
307(b)(2) of the Act, judicial review of
this final action may not be obtained in
subsequent enforcement proceedings.
ADDRESSES: Any objections to the
within-the-scope findings in this notice,
applicable to the 2007 MY, should be
filed with David Dickinson at the
Western’s Desert Southwest Customer
Service Region entered into a rate
adjustment process with a Federal
Register notice published on July 12,
2006, (71 FR 39310), which began the
initial public consultation and comment
period that ended on October 10, 2006.
Western seeks an extension of the
public process to provide more time to
evaluate additional alternatives to the
proposed rates. During the original
consultation and comment period,
Western was evaluating the impacts of
a transmission sale arrangement that
would have mitigated the proposed rate
increase. However, a deferral of that
transaction requires Western to assess
the impact on the proposed rates as
presented in the public process. The
evaluation period and public process
will take approximately 6 months to
complete, including additional formal
public forums. This makes it necessary
to extend the current rates pursuant to
10 CFR part 903.23(b). Upon its
approval, Rate Order No. WAPA–71 and
Rate Order No. WAPA–76, previously
extended under Rate Order No. WAPA–
91 and Rate Order No. WAPA–108, will
be extended under Rate Order No.
WAPA–133.
ORDER
In view of the above and under the
authority delegated to me by the
Secretary, I hereby extend the existing
Rate Schedules INT-FT2, INT-FT3, and
INT-NFT2 for firm and nonfirm
transmission service from January 1,
2007, through December 31, 2007.
Dated: 12/21/06.
Clay Sell,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E6–22268 Filed 12–27–06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450–01–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
[FRL–8263–2]
California State Motor Vehicle
Pollution Control Standards; Notice of
Within-the-Scope Determination for
Amendments To California’s ZeroEmission Vehicle (ZEV) Standards and
Notice of Waiver of Federal Preemption
Decision for Other ZEV standards
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
AGENCY:
PO 00000
Frm 00063
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Notice Regarding Confirmation
of Within-the-Scope Finding and
Waiver of Federal Preemption for
Amendments to California’s Emission
Regulations for Zero Emission Vehicles.
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Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 249 / Thursday, December 28, 2006 / Notices
address noted below. The Agency’s
Decision Document, containing an
explanation of the Assistant
Administrator’s decision, as well as all
documents relied upon in making that
decision, including those submitted to
EPA by CARB, are available at EPA’s Air
and Radiation Docket and Information
Center (Air Docket). Materials relevant
to this decision are contained in Docket
No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2004–0437. The
docket is located at The Air Docket,
room B–108, 1301 Constitution Avenue,
NW., Washington, DC 20460, and may
be viewed between 8 a.m. and 5:30 p.m.,
Monday through Friday. The telephone
is (202) 566–1742. A reasonable fee may
be charged by EPA for copying docket
material.
Additionally, an electronic version of
the public docket is available through
the Federal government’s electronic
public docket and comment system.
You may access EPA dockets at
www.regulations.gov. After opening the
www.regulations.gov Web site, select
‘‘Environmental Protection Agency’’
from the pull-down Agency list, then
scroll to ‘‘Keyword or ID’’ and enter
EPA-HQ-OAR–2004–0437 to view
documents in the record of this
California request. Although a part of
the official docket, the public docket
does not include Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
David Dickinson, Compliance and
Innovative Strategies Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Ariel
Rios Building (6405J), 1200
Pennsylvania Avenue, NW.,
Washington, DC 20460. Telephone:
(202)343–9256. E-Mail Address:
Dickinson.David@EPA.GOV.
In this
decision, EPA has determined that the
California Air Resources Board(s
(CARB’s) 1999–2003 amendments to the
California Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV)
regulations as they affect 2006 and prior
model years (MYs) are within-the-scope
of previous waivers of federal
preemption granted to California for its
ZEV regulations pursuant to section
209(b) of the Act. In the alternative, EPA
is also granting a waiver of federal
preemption for such MYs. EPA is also
granting California’s request for a waiver
of federal preemption to enforce certain
provisions of the ZEV regulations as
they affect 2007 through 2011 MY
vehicles. Because the 2007 MY
provisions are similar to the provisions
for previous model years (with the
exception of new requirements for
LDT2s) EPA is also confirming that such
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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
VerDate Aug<31>2005
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provisions are within-the-scope of
previous waivers of federal preemption.
By letter dated September 23, 2004,
CARB submitted a request seeking
confirmation that the amendments as
they pertain to the 2003–2006 model
years are within-the-scope of previous
waivers and seeking a waiver of Federal
preemption as the amendments pertain
to the 2007 and subsequent model years.
The first set of amendments, the ‘‘1999
ZEV amendments,’’ amended the
existing requirement that at least 10
percent of a manufacturer(s 2003 and
subsequent MY passenger cars and
lightest light-duty trucks (the LDT1
category) delivered for sale in California
be ZEV vehicles with no emissions. The
1999 ZEV amendments added a new
option for meeting the 10 percent
requirement, including up to 60 percent
of the ZEV obligation of a large-volume
manufacturer—and 100 percent of the
obligations of an intermediate-volume
manufacturer—that could be met with
allowances from partial ZEV allowance
vehicles (PZEVs). The ‘‘2001 ZEV
amendments’’ maintained a core ZEV
component but reduced the numbers of
vehicles required in the near-term and
broadened the scope of vehicle
technologies allowed and provided a
variety of multipliers to earn credits for
the early introduction of ZEVs. The
third set of amendments to the ZEV
regulation, the ‘‘2003 ZEV
amendments,’’ delayed the start of the
percentage of ZEV requirements from
MY 2003 to MY 2005, added the heavier
light-duty trucks (LDT2s) into a
manufacturers fleet population count,
established an alternative compliance
path for large-volume manufacturers
that choose to focus on the development
of fuel cell ZEVs, eliminated all
references to fuel economy and vehicle
efficiency from the 2001 ZEV
amendments, and adjusted the credit
structure for the various vehicles types.
Finally, the fourth set of amendments
include a requirement that 2006 and
later MY battery EVs other than
neighborhood electric vehicles (NEVs)
be equipped with a conductive charger
inlet port and an on-board charger, and
a separate minor element from CARB’s
LEV II regulations which revised the
standards for alternative fuel vehicles
qualifying as partial ZEV allowance
vehicles and for which CARB seeks a
within-the-scope confirmation.
On January 18, 2005, a Federal
Register notice was published
announcing an opportunity for hearing
and comment on CARB’s request.1 EPA
received a request for a public hearing
and conducted a hearing on February
1 70
PO 00000
FR 2860 (January 18, 2005).
Frm 00064
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
78191
17, 2005. The written comment period
expired on March 29, 2005. After the
close of the written comment period
EPA also received a series of letters for
the 2007 MY since EPA had not acted
upon CARB’s request at the time of the
letters. Included in these letters,
regarding the 2007 MY, was a new
request from CARB to EPA seeking
EPA’s confirmation that the ZEV
amendments as they affect the 2007 MY
are within-the-scope of previous
waivers. CARB did not include the
requirements applicable to LDT2s that
commence in the 2007 MY as part of
this within-the-scope request.
Section 209(b) of the Act provides
that, if certain criteria are met, the
Administrator shall waive Federal
preemption for California to enforce
new motor vehicle emission standards
and accompanying enforcement
procedures. The criteria include
consideration of whether California
arbitrarily and capriciously determined
that its standards are, in the aggregate,
at least as protective of public health
and welfare as the applicable federal
standards; whether California needs
state standards to meet compelling and
extraordinary conditions; and whether
California’s amendments are consistent
with section 202(a) of the Act.
If California acts to amend a
previously waived standard or
accompanying enforcement procedure,
the amendment may be considered
within-the-scope of a previously granted
waiver provided that it does not
undermine California’s determination
that its standards, in the aggregate, are
as at least as protective of public health
and welfare as applicable Federal
standards, does not affect its
consistency with section 202(a) of the
Act, and raises no new issues affecting
EPA’s previous waiver decisions.
In its request letter to EPA, CARB
stated that the amendments to its ZEV
requirements will not cause the
California standards, in the aggregate, to
be less protective of public health and
welfare than the applicable Federal
standards. EPA received information
during this proceeding that questioned
whether the CARB ZEV amendments
may be less protective for various
reasons. EPA finds that the party
opposing the within-the-scope
determination and the waiver have not
meet their burden of proof to
demonstrate that the ZEV amendments
undermine CARB’s previous
protectiveness determination or that
CARB was arbitrary and capricious in
its protectiveness determination. I
cannot find that CARB’s ZEV
regulations would cause the California
motor vehicle emission standards, in the
E:\FR\FM\28DEN1.SGM
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sroberts on PROD1PC70 with NOTICES
78192
Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 249 / Thursday, December 28, 2006 / Notices
aggregate, to be less protective of public
health and welfare than applicable
Federal standards.
CARB also demonstrated continuing
existence of compelling and
extraordinary conditions, justifying the
state’s need for its own motor vehicle
pollution control program. Because EPA
has not received adverse public
comment challenging the need for
CARB’s own motor vehicle pollution
control program, I cannot deny the
waiver based on a lack of a compelling
and extraordinary conditions.
CARB stated in its request letters that
the amendments do not raise any
concerns of inadequate leadtime or
impose any inconsistent certification
requirements. EPA received information
during this proceeding that questioned:
whether the advance-technology partialzero-emission vehicles (ATPZEVs)
provisions of the ZEV requirements
were of a type not consistent with
§ 202(a), and whether the partial-zeroemission vehicle (PZEV) and fuel-cell
vehicle (FCV) provisions of the ZEV
requirements were not consistent with
§ 202(a) due to considerations of
technological feasibility, lead time, and
cost. EPA finds that the party opposing
the within-the-scope confirmation and
the waiver of federal preemption has not
met its burden of proof that the ZEV
amendments are inconsistent with
§ 202(a). I cannot find that CARB’s ZEV
regulations, as noted, would cause the
California motor vehicle emission
standards to be inconsistent with
§ 202(a).
As explained further in the Decision
Document, EPA also received comment
that CARB’s ZEV regulations raise ‘‘new
issues’’ which require EPA to consider
CARB’s within-the-scope request under
the criteria for a full waiver of federal
preemption. EPA finds that the party
opposing the within-the-scope
confirmation has not met its burden of
proof that the ZEV amendments raise
new issues and therefore I cannot find
that the within-the-scope confirmation
should be denied on this basis.
Therefore I confirm that CARB’s ZEV
amendments as they affect the 2006 and
earlier MYs, as noted above, are withinthe-scope of existing waivers of federal
preemption. I also find that the ZEV
amendments as they affect the 2006 and
earlier MYs meet the criteria for a full
waiver and thus I alternatively grant a
waiver of federal preemption for these
MYs. I also grant a waiver of federal
preemption of CARB’s ZEV
amendments as they affect the 2007
through 2011 MYs. As explained further
in the Decision Document, EPA is not
making any determinations regarding a
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20:03 Dec 27, 2006
Jkt 211001
waiver of federal preemption applicable
to 2012 and later MYs.
CARB did not seek a within-the-scope
confirmation of the 2007 MY as part of
its initial request to EPA. However,
CARB later requested EPA to consider
the 2007 MY provisions (with the
exception of the LDT2 requirement) as
within-the-scope. While EPA did
request comment regarding CARB’s
within-the-scope request for the 2003–
2006 MYs, EPA has not done so for the
2007 MY. As explained in the Decision
Document, EPA does not believe that a
further official request for comment is
needed at this time. Because the 2007
MY provisions are very similar to the
2005–2006 MY provisions, I confirm
that the 2007 MY requirements (with
the exception of the LDT2 requirement)
are within-the-scope of previous
waivers of federal preemption.
However, any party that wishes to object
to this determination may file such
objection as indicated in the DATES and
ADDRESSES section above. Upon receipt
of a timely objection, EPA will consider
scheduling a public hearing to
reconsider these findings in a
subsequent Federal Register Notice.
A full explanation of EPA’s decision,
including our review of comments
received in opposition to CARB’s
request, is contained in a Decision
Document which may be obtained as
explained above.
My decision will affect not only
persons in California but also the
manufacturers outside the State who
must comply with California’s
requirements in order to produce
nonroad engines and vehicles for sale in
California. For this reason, I hereby
determine and find that this is a final
action of national applicability.
As with past waiver decisions, this
action is not a rule as defined by
Executive Order 12866. Therefore, it is
exempt from review by the Office of
Management and Budget as required for
rules and regulations by Executive
Order 12866.
In addition, this action is not a rule
as defined in the Regulatory Flexibility
Act, 5 U.S.C. 601(2). Therefore, EPA has
not prepared a supporting regulatory
flexibility analysis addressing the
impact of this action on small business
entities.
Finally, the Administrator has
delegated the authority to make
determinations regarding waivers under
section 209(b) of the Act to the Assistant
Administrator for Air and Radiation.
PO 00000
Frm 00065
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
Dated: December 21, 2006.
William L. Wehrum,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and
Radiation.
[FR Doc. E6–22314 Filed 12–27–06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
[EPA–HQ–OAR–2006–0340; FRL–8262–6]
Boutique Fuels List under Section
1541(b) of the Energy Policy Act
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: The Energy Policy Act of 2005
(EPAct) includes a number of provisions
addressing state boutique fuel programs.
Section 1541(b) of this Act requires
EPA, in consultation with the
Department of Energy, to determine the
total number of fuels approved into all
state implementation plans (SIPs) as of
September 1, 2004, under section
211(c)(4)(C) of the Clean Air Act (CAA).
The EPAct also requires us to publish a
list of such fuels, including the states
and Petroleum Administration for
Defense District (PADD) in which they
are used, for public review and
comment. On June 6, 2006, we
published a draft list based upon a ‘‘fuel
type approach’’ along with an
explanation of our rationale in
developing it. We also published an
alternative list based upon a ‘‘state
specific approach.’’ In this notice we are
finalizing the list of total number of
fuels approved into all SIPs as of
September 1, 2004, based upon the fuel
type approach. This notice also
addresses comments that we received
on the proposed draft notice and list.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Anne Pastorkovich, Environmental
Protection Agency, MC 6406J, 1200
Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington,
DC 20460; telephone number: 202–343–
9623; fax number: 202–343–2801; email
address: pastorkovich.annemarie@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Under the Clean Air Act (CAA), state
fuel programs respecting a fuel
characteristic or component that we
have regulated under section 211(c) (1)
are preempted.1 EPA may waive
preemption through approval of the fuel
program into a State Implementation
Plan (SIP). Approval into the SIP
1 See CAA section 211(c)(4)(A), 42 U.S.C.
7545(c)(4)(A).
E:\FR\FM\28DEN1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 71, Number 249 (Thursday, December 28, 2006)]
[Notices]
[Pages 78190-78192]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E6-22314]
=======================================================================
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
[FRL-8263-2]
California State Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Standards;
Notice of Within-the-Scope Determination for Amendments To California's
Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Standards and Notice of Waiver of Federal
Preemption Decision for Other ZEV standards
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice Regarding Confirmation of Within-the-Scope Finding and
Waiver of Federal Preemption for Amendments to California's Emission
Regulations for Zero Emission Vehicles.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: By this decision, issued under section 209(b) of the Clean Air
Act, as amended, (hereafter ``Act''), 42 U.S.C. 7543(b), the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today has determined that
provisions of the California Air Resources Board`s (CARB's) 1999-2003
amendments to the California Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) regulations as
they affect 2006 and prior model years (MYs) are within-the-scope of
previous waivers of federal preemption granted to California for its
ZEV regulations. In the alternative, EPA is also granting a waiver of
federal preemption for these MYs. EPA is also granting California(s
request for a waiver of federal preemption to enforce provisions of the
ZEV regulations as they affect 2007 through 2011 MYs. As explained
below, EPA is also making a finding that although we believe it
appropriate to grant a full waiver of federal preemption for the 2007
MY, we also believe it appropriate to consider the 2007 MY regulations
within-the-scope of previous waivers of federal preemption as they
apply to certain vehicles that were already subject to the preexisting
ZEV regulations, with the exception that requirements pertaining to
heavier light-duty trucks (LDT2s) are subject to a full waiver of
federal preemption. EPA, by this decision, is not making any findings
or determinations with regard to the 2012 and later model years under
CARB's ZEV regulations.
DATES: Any objections to the findings in this notice regarding EPA's
confirmation that CARB's ZEV amendments, as they affect the 2007 MY,
are within-the-scope of previous waivers must be filed January 29,
2007. Otherwise, at the end of the 30-day period, these findings will
become final. Upon receipt of any timely objection, EPA will consider
scheduling a public hearing to reconsider these finding in a subsequent
Federal Register Notice. Under section 307(b)(1) of the Act, judicial
review of this final action may be sought only in the United States
Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. Petitions for
review must be filed February 26, 2007. Under section 307(b)(2) of the
Act, judicial review of this final action may not be obtained in
subsequent enforcement proceedings.
ADDRESSES: Any objections to the within-the-scope findings in this
notice, applicable to the 2007 MY, should be filed with David Dickinson
at the
[[Page 78191]]
address noted below. The Agency's Decision Document, containing an
explanation of the Assistant Administrator's decision, as well as all
documents relied upon in making that decision, including those
submitted to EPA by CARB, are available at EPA's Air and Radiation
Docket and Information Center (Air Docket). Materials relevant to this
decision are contained in Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0437. The docket
is located at The Air Docket, room B-108, 1301 Constitution Avenue,
NW., Washington, DC 20460, and may be viewed between 8 a.m. and 5:30
p.m., Monday through Friday. The telephone is (202) 566-1742. A
reasonable fee may be charged by EPA for copying docket material.
Additionally, an electronic version of the public docket is
available through the Federal government's electronic public docket and
comment system. You may access EPA dockets at www.regulations.gov.
After opening the www.regulations.gov Web site, select ``Environmental
Protection Agency'' from the pull-down Agency list, then scroll to
``Keyword or ID'' and enter EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0437 to view documents in
the record of this California request. Although a part of the official
docket, the public docket does not include Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted
by statute.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: David Dickinson, Compliance and
Innovative Strategies Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Ariel Rios Building (6405J), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington,
DC 20460. Telephone: (202)343-9256. E-Mail Address:
Dickinson.David@EPA.GOV.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In this decision, EPA has determined that
the California Air Resources Board(s (CARB's) 1999-2003 amendments to
the California Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) regulations as they affect
2006 and prior model years (MYs) are within-the-scope of previous
waivers of federal preemption granted to California for its ZEV
regulations pursuant to section 209(b) of the Act. In the alternative,
EPA is also granting a waiver of federal preemption for such MYs. EPA
is also granting California's request for a waiver of federal
preemption to enforce certain provisions of the ZEV regulations as they
affect 2007 through 2011 MY vehicles. Because the 2007 MY provisions
are similar to the provisions for previous model years (with the
exception of new requirements for LDT2s) EPA is also confirming that
such provisions are within-the-scope of previous waivers of federal
preemption.
By letter dated September 23, 2004, CARB submitted a request
seeking confirmation that the amendments as they pertain to the 2003-
2006 model years are within-the-scope of previous waivers and seeking a
waiver of Federal preemption as the amendments pertain to the 2007 and
subsequent model years. The first set of amendments, the ``1999 ZEV
amendments,'' amended the existing requirement that at least 10 percent
of a manufacturer(s 2003 and subsequent MY passenger cars and lightest
light-duty trucks (the LDT1 category) delivered for sale in California
be ZEV vehicles with no emissions. The 1999 ZEV amendments added a new
option for meeting the 10 percent requirement, including up to 60
percent of the ZEV obligation of a large-volume manufacturer--and 100
percent of the obligations of an intermediate-volume manufacturer--that
could be met with allowances from partial ZEV allowance vehicles
(PZEVs). The ``2001 ZEV amendments'' maintained a core ZEV component
but reduced the numbers of vehicles required in the near-term and
broadened the scope of vehicle technologies allowed and provided a
variety of multipliers to earn credits for the early introduction of
ZEVs. The third set of amendments to the ZEV regulation, the ``2003 ZEV
amendments,'' delayed the start of the percentage of ZEV requirements
from MY 2003 to MY 2005, added the heavier light-duty trucks (LDT2s)
into a manufacturers fleet population count, established an alternative
compliance path for large-volume manufacturers that choose to focus on
the development of fuel cell ZEVs, eliminated all references to fuel
economy and vehicle efficiency from the 2001 ZEV amendments, and
adjusted the credit structure for the various vehicles types. Finally,
the fourth set of amendments include a requirement that 2006 and later
MY battery EVs other than neighborhood electric vehicles (NEVs) be
equipped with a conductive charger inlet port and an on-board charger,
and a separate minor element from CARB's LEV II regulations which
revised the standards for alternative fuel vehicles qualifying as
partial ZEV allowance vehicles and for which CARB seeks a within-the-
scope confirmation.
On January 18, 2005, a Federal Register notice was published
announcing an opportunity for hearing and comment on CARB's request.\1\
EPA received a request for a public hearing and conducted a hearing on
February 17, 2005. The written comment period expired on March 29,
2005. After the close of the written comment period EPA also received a
series of letters for the 2007 MY since EPA had not acted upon CARB's
request at the time of the letters. Included in these letters,
regarding the 2007 MY, was a new request from CARB to EPA seeking EPA's
confirmation that the ZEV amendments as they affect the 2007 MY are
within-the-scope of previous waivers. CARB did not include the
requirements applicable to LDT2s that commence in the 2007 MY as part
of this within-the-scope request.
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\1\ 70 FR 2860 (January 18, 2005).
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Section 209(b) of the Act provides that, if certain criteria are
met, the Administrator shall waive Federal preemption for California to
enforce new motor vehicle emission standards and accompanying
enforcement procedures. The criteria include consideration of whether
California arbitrarily and capriciously determined that its standards
are, in the aggregate, at least as protective of public health and
welfare as the applicable federal standards; whether California needs
state standards to meet compelling and extraordinary conditions; and
whether California's amendments are consistent with section 202(a) of
the Act.
If California acts to amend a previously waived standard or
accompanying enforcement procedure, the amendment may be considered
within-the-scope of a previously granted waiver provided that it does
not undermine California's determination that its standards, in the
aggregate, are as at least as protective of public health and welfare
as applicable Federal standards, does not affect its consistency with
section 202(a) of the Act, and raises no new issues affecting EPA's
previous waiver decisions.
In its request letter to EPA, CARB stated that the amendments to
its ZEV requirements will not cause the California standards, in the
aggregate, to be less protective of public health and welfare than the
applicable Federal standards. EPA received information during this
proceeding that questioned whether the CARB ZEV amendments may be less
protective for various reasons. EPA finds that the party opposing the
within-the-scope determination and the waiver have not meet their
burden of proof to demonstrate that the ZEV amendments undermine CARB's
previous protectiveness determination or that CARB was arbitrary and
capricious in its protectiveness determination. I cannot find that
CARB's ZEV regulations would cause the California motor vehicle
emission standards, in the
[[Page 78192]]
aggregate, to be less protective of public health and welfare than
applicable Federal standards.
CARB also demonstrated continuing existence of compelling and
extraordinary conditions, justifying the state's need for its own motor
vehicle pollution control program. Because EPA has not received adverse
public comment challenging the need for CARB's own motor vehicle
pollution control program, I cannot deny the waiver based on a lack of
a compelling and extraordinary conditions.
CARB stated in its request letters that the amendments do not raise
any concerns of inadequate leadtime or impose any inconsistent
certification requirements. EPA received information during this
proceeding that questioned: whether the advance-technology partial-
zero-emission vehicles (ATPZEVs) provisions of the ZEV requirements
were of a type not consistent with Sec. 202(a), and whether the
partial-zero-emission vehicle (PZEV) and fuel-cell vehicle (FCV)
provisions of the ZEV requirements were not consistent with Sec.
202(a) due to considerations of technological feasibility, lead time,
and cost. EPA finds that the party opposing the within-the-scope
confirmation and the waiver of federal preemption has not met its
burden of proof that the ZEV amendments are inconsistent with Sec.
202(a). I cannot find that CARB's ZEV regulations, as noted, would
cause the California motor vehicle emission standards to be
inconsistent with Sec. 202(a).
As explained further in the Decision Document, EPA also received
comment that CARB's ZEV regulations raise ``new issues'' which require
EPA to consider CARB's within-the-scope request under the criteria for
a full waiver of federal preemption. EPA finds that the party opposing
the within-the-scope confirmation has not met its burden of proof that
the ZEV amendments raise new issues and therefore I cannot find that
the within-the-scope confirmation should be denied on this basis.
Therefore I confirm that CARB's ZEV amendments as they affect the
2006 and earlier MYs, as noted above, are within-the-scope of existing
waivers of federal preemption. I also find that the ZEV amendments as
they affect the 2006 and earlier MYs meet the criteria for a full
waiver and thus I alternatively grant a waiver of federal preemption
for these MYs. I also grant a waiver of federal preemption of CARB's
ZEV amendments as they affect the 2007 through 2011 MYs. As explained
further in the Decision Document, EPA is not making any determinations
regarding a waiver of federal preemption applicable to 2012 and later
MYs.
CARB did not seek a within-the-scope confirmation of the 2007 MY as
part of its initial request to EPA. However, CARB later requested EPA
to consider the 2007 MY provisions (with the exception of the LDT2
requirement) as within-the-scope. While EPA did request comment
regarding CARB's within-the-scope request for the 2003-2006 MYs, EPA
has not done so for the 2007 MY. As explained in the Decision Document,
EPA does not believe that a further official request for comment is
needed at this time. Because the 2007 MY provisions are very similar to
the 2005-2006 MY provisions, I confirm that the 2007 MY requirements
(with the exception of the LDT2 requirement) are within-the-scope of
previous waivers of federal preemption. However, any party that wishes
to object to this determination may file such objection as indicated in
the DATES and ADDRESSES section above. Upon receipt of a timely
objection, EPA will consider scheduling a public hearing to reconsider
these findings in a subsequent Federal Register Notice.
A full explanation of EPA's decision, including our review of
comments received in opposition to CARB's request, is contained in a
Decision Document which may be obtained as explained above.
My decision will affect not only persons in California but also the
manufacturers outside the State who must comply with California's
requirements in order to produce nonroad engines and vehicles for sale
in California. For this reason, I hereby determine and find that this
is a final action of national applicability.
As with past waiver decisions, this action is not a rule as defined
by Executive Order 12866. Therefore, it is exempt from review by the
Office of Management and Budget as required for rules and regulations
by Executive Order 12866.
In addition, this action is not a rule as defined in the Regulatory
Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601(2). Therefore, EPA has not prepared a
supporting regulatory flexibility analysis addressing the impact of
this action on small business entities.
Finally, the Administrator has delegated the authority to make
determinations regarding waivers under section 209(b) of the Act to the
Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation.
Dated: December 21, 2006.
William L. Wehrum,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation.
[FR Doc. E6-22314 Filed 12-27-06; 8:45 am]
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