National Organic Program (NOP); Proposed Amendments to the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (Livestock), 40624-40632 [06-6103]

Agencies

• Agricultural Marketing Service
• DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

[Federal Register Volume 71, Number 136 (Monday, July 17, 2006)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 40624-40632]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 06-6103]



[[Page 40623]]

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Part III





Department of Agriculture





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Agricultural Marketing Service



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7 CFR Part 205



National Organic Program (NOP); Proposed Amendments to the National 
List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (Livestock); Proposed Rule

Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 136 / Monday, July 17, 2006 / 
Proposed Rules

[[Page 40624]]


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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Agricultural Marketing Service

7 CFR Part 205

[Docket Number TM-03-04]
RIN 0581-AC62


National Organic Program (NOP); Proposed Amendments to the 
National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (Livestock)

AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: This proposed rule would amend the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture's (USDA) National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances 
(National List) regulations to reflect recommendations submitted to the 
Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary) by the National Organic Standards 
Board (NOSB) from October 30, 2000, through March 3, 2005. Consistent 
with the recommendations from the NOSB, this proposed rule would add 
thirteen substances, along with any restrictive annotations, to the 
National List.

DATES: Comments must be received by September 15, 2006.

ADDRESSES: Interested persons may comment on this proposed rule using 
the following procedures:
     Mail: Comments may be submitted by mail to: Arthur Neal, 
Director of Program Administration, National Organic Program, USDA-AMS-
TMP-NOP, 1400 Independence Ave., SW., Room 4008-So., Ag Stop 0268, 
Washington, DC 20250.
     E-mail: Comments may be submitted via the Internet to: 
National.List@usda.gov.
     Internet: www.regulations.gov.
     Fax: Comments may be submitted by fax to: (202) 205-7808.
     Written comments on this proposed rule should be 
identified with the docket number TM-03-04. Commenters should identify 
the topic and section number of this proposed rule to which the comment 
refers.
     Clearly indicate if you are for or against the proposed 
rule or some portion of it and your reason for it. Include recommended 
language changes as appropriate.
     Include a copy of articles or other references that 
support your comments. Only relevant material should be submitted.
    It is our intention to have all comments to this proposed rule, 
whether submitted by mail, e-mail, or fax, available for viewing on the 
NOP homepage. Comments submitted in response to this proposed rule will 
be available for viewing in person at USDA-AMS, Transportation and 
Marketing, Room 4008-South Building, 1400 Independence Ave., SW., 
Washington, DC, from 9 a.m. to 12 noon and from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m., 
Monday through Friday (except official Federal holidays). Persons 
wanting to visit the USDA South Building to view comments received in 
response to this proposed rule are requested to make an appointment in 
advance by calling (202) 720-3252.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Arthur Neal, Director of Program 
Administration, Telephone: (202) 720-3252; Fax: (202) 205-7808.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background.

    On December 21, 2000, the Secretary established, within the NOP [7 
CFR part 205], the National List regulations (Sec. Sec.  205.600 
through 205.607). The National List regulations identify synthetic 
substances and ingredients that are allowed and nonsynthetic (natural) 
substances and ingredients that are prohibited for use in organic 
production and handling. Under the authority of the Organic Foods 
Production Act of 1990 (OFPA), as amended, (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.), the 
National List can be amended by the Secretary based on proposed 
amendments developed by the NOSB. Since established, the National List 
has been amended three times, October 31, 2003 (68 FR 61987), November 
3, 2003 (68 FR 62215), and October 21, 2005 (70 CFR 61217). 
Additionally, an amendment to the National List, proposed on September 
16, 2005 (70 FR 54660), is currently pending.
    This proposed rule would amend the National List to reflect 
recommendations submitted to the Secretary by the NOSB from November 
15, 2000, through March 3, 2005. Between the specified time period, the 
NOSB has recommended that the Secretary add thirteen substances to 
Sec.  205.603 and one substance to Sec. 1A205.604 of the National List 
regulations.

II. Overview of Proposed Amendments.

    The following provides an overview of the proposed amendments to 
designated sections of the National List regulations:
    Section 205.603 Synthetic substances allowed for use in organic 
livestock production.
    This proposed rule would amend paragraph (a) of Sec.  205.603 of 
the National List regulations by adding the following substances:
    Atropine (CAS --51-55-8). Atropine was petitioned for use 
in organic livestock production as an antidote for organophosphate 
poisoning usually caused by reactions to pesticides. Atropine is an 
anti-cholinergic drug that is derived from the plant atropa belladonn. 
It is a white, odorless crystalline powder that causes a reduction in 
salivary, bronchial, and sweat gland secretions, which makes it useful 
as an anesthetic.
    At its May 13-14, 2003, meeting in Austin, TX, the NOSB recommended 
adding atropine to the National List for use in organic livestock as a 
medical treatment. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated atropine 
against the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, 
received public comment, and concluded that atropine is consistent with 
the OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the Food and Drug 
Administration (FDA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to 
ensure that the recommendation for atropine would be consistent with 
Federal regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that atropine is 
permitted for use in cattle, goats, horses, pigs, sheep, cats and dogs 
under 21 CFR 500.55, with use limitations. The NOP further learned that 
Federal law restricts atropine to use by or on the lawful written or 
oral order of a licensed veterinarian.
    Concerning the use of atropine, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. Therefore, regarding organic livestock 
production, the use of atropine would be considered permissible under 
the FDA regulations, if used in accordance with the FDA restrictions. 
As a result, the Secretary is proposing to accept the NOSB's 
recommendation for atropine and amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the National 
List by adding atropine as a medical treatment in livestock production 
as follows:
    Atropine (CAS --51-55-8)--federal law restricts this drug 
to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian.
    Bismuth subsalicylate (CAS --14887-18-9). Bismuth 
subsalicylate was petitioned for use in organic livestock production as 
an adsorbent, anti-diarrhea aid, and relief for ulcers. It is a white, 
odorless powder that is almost insoluble in water and decomposes in 
boiling water.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB

[[Page 40625]]

recommended adding bismuth subsalicylate to the National List for use 
in organic livestock production as a veterinary treatment. In this open 
meeting, the NOSB evaluated bismuth subsalicylate against the 
evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the substance is consistent with the 
OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for bismuth subsalicylate would be consistent 
with federal regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that bismuth 
subsalicylate is approved as a drug for use in humans (FDA, ``Approved 
Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, 2005''.) New 
Animal Drug Application approvals for bismuth subsalicylate were not 
identified. However, the NOP learned that bismuth subsalicylate could 
be permitted for use in livestock production if used in full compliance 
with the Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994 (AMDUCA) 
and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations, ``Provision permitting 
extra-label use of animal drugs.'' The AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 allow 
the extra-label use of approved new animal drugs or human drugs by or 
on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed veterinarian within 
the context of a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship.
    Concerning the use of bismuth subsalicylate, the EPA deferred to 
FDA as the appropriate regulatory body. As a result, regarding organic 
livestock production, the only way that bismuth subsalicylate could be 
considered permissible under the FDA regulations and recommended for 
inclusion on the National List is under the provisions of the AMDUCA 
and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations. Otherwise, the Secretary 
would not be able accept the NOSB's recommendation to include bismuth 
subsalicylate on the National List. Thus, after consulting with the FDA 
and EPA, the Secretary is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the 
National List by adding bismuth subsalicylate as a medical treatment in 
livestock production as follows:
    Bismuth subsalicylate (CAS --14887-18-9)--federal law 
restricts this drug to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of 
a licensed veterinarian, in full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR 
part 530 of the Food and Drug Administration regulations.
    Butorphanol (CAS --14887-18-9). Butorphanol was petitioned 
for use in organic livestock production as a pain reliever to be 
administered prior to surgery and under veterinary care. Butorphanol is 
a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid. It is most often found as 
butorphanol tartrate, an injectable form of the substance. Butorphanol 
belongs to a general class of drugs known as opiate agonists. Other 
related drugs in this class include buprenorphine, fentanyl, meperidine 
and morphine. Butorphanol has significant pain control and sedation 
properties, but it does not last long. Butorphanol is a controlled drug 
and is only available through veterinarians with an active Drug 
Enforcement Administration license.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding butorphanol on the National List for use in organic 
livestock production, with the restriction that that the withdrawal 
period (the interval between the time of the last administration of a 
sponsored compound and the time when the animal can be safely 
slaughtered for food or the milk can be safely consumed) for use of the 
substance be extended twice beyond what would be required by the FDA. 
In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated butorphanol against the 
evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the substance is consistent with the 
OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for butorphanol would be consistent with 
Federal regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that butorphanol is 
approved as a drug for use in dogs, cats, and horses (21 CFR 522.246), 
with use limitations. New Animal Drug Application approvals for its use 
in cattle were not identified. However, the NOP learned that 
butorphanol could be permitted for use in livestock production if used 
in full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA 
regulations, ``Provision permitting extra-label use of animal drugs.'' 
The AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 allow the extra-label use of approved 
new animal drugs or human drugs by or on the lawful written or oral 
order of a licensed veterinarian within the context of a valid 
veterinarian-client-patient relationship.
    Concerning the use of butorphanol, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. As a result, regarding organic livestock 
production, the only way that butorphanol could be considered 
permissible under the FDA regulations and recommended for inclusion on 
the National List is under the provisions of the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 
530 of the FDA regulations. Otherwise, the Secretary could not accept 
the NOSB's recommendation to include butorphanol on the National List.
    The Secretary acknowledges the NOSB's recommendation to restrict 
the use of butorphanol by extending the withdrawal period twice beyond 
what the FDA requires. However, the Secretary does not accept the 
recommended restriction. The recommended restriction to extend the 
withdrawal period twice beyond what the FDA requires would create an 
additional label claim for the animal drug beyond that which is 
permitted by the FDA. Therefore, after consulting with the FDA and EPA, 
the Secretary is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the National 
List by adding butorphanol as a medical treatment in livestock 
production as follows:
    Butorphanol (CAS #--14887-18-9)--Federal law restricts this drug to 
use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian, in full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of 
the Food and Drug Administration regulations.
    Flunixin (CAS --38677-85-9). Flunixin was petitioned for 
use in organic livestock production to treat inflammation and pyrexia. 
Flunixin is a non-narcotic, nonsteroidal analgesic agent with anti-
inflammatory and antipyretic activity. It is a synthetic drug more 
commonly made into flunixin meglumine, which is the primary component 
of an injectable flunixin solution. It is administered intravenously 
and intramuscularly, quickly broken down internally, and cleared from 
the bloodstream in urine.
    At its October 19-20, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding flunixin on the National List as an allowed 
synthetic in organic livestock production, with the restriction that 
the withdrawal period (the interval between the time of the last 
administration of a sponsored compound and the time when the animal can 
be safely slaughtered for food or the milk can be safely consumed) for 
use of the substance be extended twice beyond what would be required by 
the FDA. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated flunixin against the 
evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the use of the substance in organic 
livestock production is consistent with the OFPA evaluation criteria.

[[Page 40626]]

    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for flunixin would be consistent with Federal 
regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on consultations 
with the FDA, the NOP was informed that flunixin is listed at 21 CFR 
520.970 and 522.970, with use and labeling limitations, as an FDA 
approved animal drug for horses, cattle, and swine. Regarding organic 
livestock production, the NOP learned that the use of flunixin would be 
considered permissible under the FDA regulations for approved species.
    Concerning the use of flunixin, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. Therefore, after consulting with the FDA 
and EPA about the use of flunixin in organic livestock production, the 
Secretary is proposing to accept the NOSB recommendation to add 
flunixin to the National List. However, the Secretary does not accept 
the recommended restriction to extend the withdrawal period twice 
beyond what the FDA requires. The recommended use restriction to extend 
the withdrawal period twice beyond the FDA required withdrawal period 
would create an additional label claim for the animal drug beyond that 
which is permitted by the FDA.
    Therefore, the Secretary is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) of 
the National List by adding flunixin as a medical treatment in 
livestock production as follows:
    Flunixin (CAS #--38677-85-9)--in accordance with approved labeling.
    Furosemide (CAS --54-31-9). Furosemide was petitioned for 
use in organic livestock production as a livestock medical treatment 
for udder and pulmonary edema. Furosemide is a diurectic. It is a white 
or slightly yellow crystalline powder that is odorless. Furosemide is 
practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, freely 
soluble in alkali solutions, and insoluble in dilute acids.
    At its May 13-14, 2003, meeting in Austin, Texas, the NOSB 
recommended adding furosemide on the National List for use in organic 
livestock production, with the restriction that the withdrawal period 
(the interval between the time of the last administration of a 
sponsored compound and the time when the animal can be safely 
slaughtered for food or the milk can be safely consumed) for use of the 
substance be extended twice beyond what would be required by the FDA. 
In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated furosemide against the 
evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the use of the substance in organic 
livestock production is consistent with the OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for furosemide would be consistent with Federal 
regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on consultations 
with the FDA, the NOP was informed that furosemide is listed at 21 CFR 
520.1010 and 522.1010, with use and labeling limitations, as allowed 
for use in treating dogs, cats, horses, and cattle. Regarding organic 
livestock production, the NOP learned that the use of furosemide would 
be considered permissible under the FDA regulations for approved 
species.
    Concerning the use of furosemide, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. Therefore, after consulting with the FDA 
and EPA about the use of furosemide in organic livestock production, 
the Secretary is proposing to accept the NOSB recommendation to add 
furosemide to the National List. However, the Secretary does not accept 
the recommended restriction to extend the withdrawal period twice 
beyond what the FDA requires. The recommended use restriction to extend 
the withdrawal period twice beyond the FDA required withdrawal period 
would create an additional label claim for the animal drug beyond that 
which is permitted by the FDA. Therefore, the Secretary is proposing to 
amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the National List by adding furosemide as a 
medical treatment in livestock production as follows:
    Furosemide (CAS --54-31-9)--in accordance with approved 
labeling.
    Magnesium hydroxide (CAS --1309-42-8). Magnesium hydroxide 
was petitioned for use in organic livestock production as an antacid 
and laxative for temporary relief of an upset stomach and constipation. 
Magnesium hydroxide (brucite) is found naturally in serpentine, 
chlorite or dolomitic schists, or in crystalline limestones as an 
alteration product of periclase (magnesium oxide). It is prepared by 
mixing sodium hydroxide with a water-soluble magnesium salt. It is also 
formed by the hydration of reactive magnesium oxide. Magnesium 
hydroxide is mainly used in antacid or laxative tablets. Antacids are 
used to relieve minor stomach pain, heartburn, and hyperacidity.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding magnesium hydroxide to the National List as a 
synthetic substance allowed for use in organic livestock production. In 
this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated magnesium hydroxide against the 
evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the use of the substance in organic 
livestock production is consistent with the OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for magnesium hydroxide would be consistent 
with Federal regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that magnesium 
hydroxide is approved as a drug for use in humans (FDA, ``Approved Drug 
Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, 2005''.) New Animal 
Drug Application approvals for its use in livestock were not 
identified. However, the NOP learned that magnesium hydroxide could be 
permitted for use in livestock production if used in full compliance 
with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations, ``Provision 
permitting extra-label use of animal drugs.'' The AMDUCA and 21 CFR 
part 530 allow the extra-label use of approved new animal drugs or 
human drugs by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian within the context of a valid veterinarian-client-patient 
relationship.
    Concerning the use of magnesium hydroxide, the EPA deferred to FDA 
as the appropriate regulatory body. As a result, regarding organic 
livestock production, the only way that magnesium hydroxide could be 
considered permissible under the FDA regulations and recommended for 
inclusion on the National List is under the provisions of the AMDUCA 
and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations. Otherwise, the Secretary 
would not be able to accept the NOSB's recommendation to include 
magnesium hydroxide on the National List. Thus, after consulting with 
the FDA and EPA, the Secretary is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) 
of the National List by adding magnesium hydroxide as a medical 
treatment in livestock production as follows:
    Magnesium hydroxide (CAS --1309-42-8)--Federal law 
restricts this drug to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of 
a licensed veterinarian, in full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR 
part 530 of the Food and Drug Administration regulations.
    Peroxyacetic/Peracetic acid (CAS --79-21-0). Peracetic 
acid was petitioned for use in organic livestock production for 
facility and processing equipment sanitation. Peracetic acid is a 
mixture of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in an

[[Page 40627]]

aqueous solution. It is liquid, clear, and colorless with no foaming 
capability. Peracetic acid is primarily used to clean equipment, 
milking parlors, barns, stalls, and veterinary facilities. It is also 
used as a topical disinfectant on animals and in the handling and 
processing of livestock products as a dairy equipment sanitizer, meat 
and poultry disinfectant, and egg wash.
    At its November 15-17, 2000, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding peracetic acid to the National List as a synthetic 
substance allowed for sanitizing facility and processing equipment 
(e.g. barns, milking parlors, and processing areas) in organic 
livestock production. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated 
peracetic acid against the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 
6518 of the OFPA, received public comment, and concluded that the use 
of the substance in organic livestock production is consistent with the 
OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for peracetic acid would be consistent with the 
FDA regulations concerning the approved use of the substance. Based on 
consultations with FDA, the NOP was informed that peracetic acid (also 
recognized as peroxyacetic acid and has the same Chemical Abstract 
System Registration number, 79-21-0) is approved by the FDA as an 
indirect food additive and sanitizing solution under 21 CFR 
178.1010(b)(30). Concerning the use of peracetic acid, the EPA deferred 
to FDA as the appropriate regulatory body. As a result, the Secretary 
is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) by adding peracetic acid as a 
sanitizer in livestock production as follows:
    Peroxyacetic/peracetic acid (CAS #--79-21-0)--for sanitizing 
facility and processing equipment.
    Poloxalene (CAS --9003-11-6). Poloxalene was petitioned 
for use in organic livestock production for the treatment of bloat in 
cattle. Poloxalene is a copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene 
ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active agent used as a 
fecal softener and preventive bloat treatment in cattle. Poloxalene may 
be administered as a drench (orally through a tube), preventively fed 
in a molasses block, and as a top dressing for feed (21 CFR 520.1840).
    At its March 6-7, 2001, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding poloxalene to the National List as a synthetic 
substance allowed for use in organic livestock production, with the 
restriction that it only be used for the emergency treatment of bloat 
(not routine use). In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated poloxalene 
against the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, 
received public comment, and concluded that the use of the substance in 
organic livestock production is consistent with the OFPA evaluation 
criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for poloxalene would be consistent with Federal 
regulations concerning the approved use of the substance. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that poloxalene is 
approved for the treatment of bloat in cattle (21 CFR 520.1840 and 
558.464). The NOP further learned that, regarding organic livestock 
production, poloxalene would be considered permissible under the FDA 
regulations.
    Concerning the use of poloxalene, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. As a result, the Secretary is proposing to 
accept the NOSB's recommendation to add poloxalene to the National 
List. However, the Secretary does not accept the recommended 
restriction that poloxalene only be used for the emergency treatment of 
bloat. The Secretary acknowledges the NOSB's intent to limit the use of 
poloxalene in organic livestock production, but the recommended use 
restriction would create an additional label claim for the animal drug 
that has not been evaluated under an FDA New Animal Drug Application. 
Any prescriptive uses of poloxalene codified by the USDA would have to 
be evaluated under an FDA New Animal Drug Application. USDA does not 
have the authority to prescribe or restrict uses of animal drugs 
outside of what is already approved, permitted, or restricted under the 
FDA regulations. As a result, after consulting with the FDA and EPA, 
the Secretary is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the National 
List by adding poloxalene as a medical treatment in livestock 
production as follows:
    Poloxalene (CAS #--9003-11-6)--in accordance with approved 
labeling.
    Tolazoline (CAS --59-98-3). Tolazoline was petitioned for 
use in organic livestock production as a medical treatment. Tolazoline 
is a white to off-white crystalline powder that is freely soluble in 
water and alcohol. It is used as a medical treatment in both humans and 
animals. Tolazoline has direct actions on blood vessels by decreasing 
the pulmonary arterial pressure and peripheral resistance, and 
increasing venous capacitance and cardiac output. In horses, tolazoline 
is used to reverse the sedative/analgesic effects of xylazine 
hydrochloride during surgery.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding tolazoline to the National List as a synthetic 
substance to be allowed for use in organic livestock production, with 
the restrictions that it: (1) Only be used to counteract the effects of 
xylazine; and (2) carry a withdrawal period (the interval between the 
time of the last administration of a sponsored compound and the time 
when the animal can be safely slaughtered for food or the milk can be 
safely consumed) for use of the substance be extended twice beyond what 
would be required by the FDA. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated 
tolazoline against the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of 
the OFPA, received public comment, and concluded that the use of the 
substance in organic livestock production is consistent with the OFPA 
evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for tolazoline would be consistent with Federal 
regulations concerning the approved use of the substance. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that tolazoline 
hydrochloride injection is approved for use in horses and does not have 
an established withdrawal period (21 CFR 522.2474). The NOP also 
learned that tolazoline does not have an approved use for food 
producing animals. However, the NOP discovered that tolazoline could be 
permitted for use in food animals if used in full compliance with the 
AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations, ``Provision 
permitting extra-label use of animal drugs.'' The AMDUCA and 21 CFR 
part 530 of the FDA regulations allow the extra-label use of approved 
new animal drugs or human drugs by or on the lawful written or oral 
order of a licensed veterinarian within the context of a valid 
veterinarian-client-patient relationship.
    Concerning the use of tolazoline, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. As a result, regarding organic livestock 
production, the only way that tolazoline could be considered 
permissible for food producing animals under the FDA regulations and 
recommended for inclusion on the National List is under the provisions 
of the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations. Otherwise, 
the Secretary would not be able to accept the NOSB's recommendation to 
include tolazoline on the National List for food producing livestock.

[[Page 40628]]

    The Secretary acknowledges the NOSB's recommendation to restrict 
the use of tolazoline to only be used for counteracting the effects of 
xylazine. The Secretary also recognizes the NOSB's recommendation to 
restrict the use of tolazoline by extending the withdrawal period twice 
beyond what the FDA requires. However, the Secretary does not accept 
the recommended restrictions. Users must understand that to be used in 
organic livestock production, tolazoline would have to be administered 
under full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA 
regulations. Any prescriptive uses of this drug codified by the USDA 
have to be evaluated under an FDA New Animal Drug Application. USDA 
does not have the authority to prescribe or restrict uses of animal 
drugs outside of what is already approved, permitted, or restricted 
under the FDA regulations. To do so would create an additional label 
claim for the animal drug beyond that which is permitted by the FDA. 
Therefore, after consulting with the FDA and EPA, the Secretary is 
proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the National List by adding 
tolazoline as a medical treatment in livestock production as follows:
    Tolazoline (CAS #--59-98-3)--Federal law restricts this drug to use 
by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed veterinarian, 
in full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and 
Drug Administration regulations.
    Xylazine (CAS --7361-61-7). Xylazine was petitioned for 
use in organic livestock production as a medical treatment. Xylazine is 
a white or almost white crystalline substance that is freely soluble in 
water. It is used as a sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant in 
veterinary medicine. Administration of tolazoline reverses xylazine's 
effects, resulting in rapid recovery from sedation.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding xylazine to the National List as a synthetic 
substance to be allowed for use in organic livestock production, with 
the restrictions that it: (1) Be for emergency use only; and (2) carry 
a withdrawal period (the interval between the time of the last 
administration of a sponsored compound and the time when the animal can 
be safely slaughtered for food or the milk can be safely consumed) for 
use of the substance be extended twice beyond what would be required by 
the FDA. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated xylazine against the 
evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the use of the substance in organic 
livestock production is consistent with the OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for xylazine would be consistent with federal 
regulations concerning the approved use of the substance. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that xylazine 
hydrochloride is approved for use in cats, dogs, horses, elk, and deer. 
The NOP also learned that xylazine hydrochloride does not have an 
approved use for food producing animals (21 CFR 522.2662). However, the 
NOP was informed that xylazine could be permitted for use in food 
producing animals if used under full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 
CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations, ``Provision permitting extra-label 
use of animal drugs.'' The AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA 
regulations allow the extra-label use of approved new animal drugs or 
human drugs by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian within the context of a valid veterinarian-client-patient 
relationship.
    Concerning the use of xylazine, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. As a result, regarding organic livestock 
production, the only way that xylazine could be considered permissible 
for food producing animals under the FDA regulations and recommended 
for inclusion on the National List is under the provisions of the 
AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations. Otherwise, the 
Secretary would not be able to accept the NOSB's recommendation to 
include xylazine on the National List for food producing livestock.
    The Secretary acknowledges the NOSB's recommendation to restrict 
the use of xylazine for emergency use only. The Secretary also 
recognizes the NOSB's recommendation to restrict the use of tolazoline 
by extending the withdrawal period twice beyond what the FDA requires. 
However, the Secretary does not accept the recommended restrictions. 
Users must understand that to be used in organic livestock production, 
xylazine would have to be administered under full compliance with the 
AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the FDA regulations. Any prescriptive 
uses of this drug codified by the USDA have to be evaluated under an 
FDA New Animal Drug Application. USDA does not have the authority to 
prescribe or restrict uses of animal drugs outside of what is already 
approved, permitted, or restricted under the FDA regulations. To do so 
would create an additional label claim for the animal drug beyond that 
which is permitted by the FDA. Therefore, after consulting with the FDA 
and EPA, the Secretary is proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(a) of the 
National List by adding xylazine as a medical treatment in livestock 
production as follows:
    Xylazine (CAS #--7361-61-7)--Federal law restricts this drug to use 
by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed veterinarian, 
in full compliance with the AMDUCA and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and 
Drug Administration regulations.
    This proposed rule would amend Sec.  205.603(d) of the National 
List regulations by adding the following substance:
    Calcium propionate (CAS --4075-81-4). Calcium propionate 
was petitioned for use in organic livestock production as a mold 
inhibitor in dry formulated herbal products. Calcium propionate is a 
white powder that is soluble in water and stable under ordinary 
conditions. It is used in the food and feed industry as a preservative 
and has effective antimicrobial characteristics.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding calcium propionate onto the National List for use in 
organic livestock production as a mold inhibitor in dry herbal 
products. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated calcium propionate 
against the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, 
received public comment, and concluded that the substance is consistent 
with the OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for calcium propionate would be consistent with 
Federal regulations concerning the use of feed additives. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that calcium 
propionate is allowed for use as a feed additive under 21 CFR 582.3221. 
Concerning the use of calcium propionate, the EPA deferred to FDA as 
the appropriate regulatory body. As a result, the Secretary is 
proposing to amend Sec.  205.603(d) of the National List by adding 
calcium propionate as a feed additive for use in livestock production 
as follows:
    Calcium propionate (CAS #--4075-81-4)--for use only as a mold 
inhibitor in dry herbal products.
    This proposed rule would amend Sec.  205.603 of the National List

[[Page 40629]]

regulations by adding a new paragraph (f) and adding the following 
substance:
    Excipients. Excipients are defined by the FDA as any inactive 
ingredients that are intentionally added to therapeutic and diagnostic 
products, but that are: (1) Not intended to exert therapeutic effects 
at the intended dosage, although they may act to improve product 
delivery (e.g., enhance absorption or control release of the drug 
substance); and (2) not fully qualified by existing safety data with 
respect to the currently proposed level of exposure, duration of 
exposure, or route of administration. Examples of excipients include 
fillers, extenders, diluents, wetting agents, solvents, emulsifiers, 
preservatives, flavors, absorption enhancers, sustained-release 
matrices, and coloring agents (FDA ``Guidance for Industry Nonclinical 
Studies for the Safety Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, May 
2005'').
    Through the evaluation of several active ingredients that had been 
petitioned for inclusion on the National List, the NOSB recognized that 
inactive ingredients (excipients) in medications pose one of the most 
problematic examples of the use of synthetic materials in organic 
livestock production. With respect to synthetic excipients and the 
verification of their inclusion in medications, it is difficult for 
farmers or certifying agents to identify specific excipients utilized 
in medications because federal law does not require excipients to 
appear on ingredient labels of products. In addition, identifying the 
use of excipients becomes challenging because product manufacturers 
typically treat product formulas as confidential information. As a 
result, a petitioner's ability to petition the NOSB to evaluate a 
specific excipient of a certain product formulation for inclusion on 
the National List becomes increasingly complicated and burdensome.
    Considering the practical challenges posed by the use of excipients 
in medications for livestock animals, the NOSB decided to develop a 
recommendation that would bring a balance between standard practice and 
strict statutory requirements concerning the use of synthetic 
ingredients in organic livestock production (synthetic substances can 
only be used in organic production as long as they appear on the 
National List). The NOSB recognized that petitioners would not have any 
difficulty petitioning individual active synthetic ingredients intended 
for use as livestock medications. However, the NOSB also acknowledged 
the problems associated with correctly identifying excipient-active 
ingredient combinations/formulations and the consequences of not having 
appropriate excipients listed on the National List for use in 
combination with approved active synthetic ingredients (producers could 
be applying synthetic substances not allowed for use in organic 
production without proper knowledge).
    As a result, at its October 19-20, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, 
the NOSB recommended the creation of a new paragraph under Sec.  
205.603 that would recognize the categorical use of excipients utilized 
in the manufacturing or found in the finished product of drugs used to 
treat organic livestock. In recognizing the categorical use of 
excipients found in drugs used to treat organic livestock, the NOSB 
also recommended that excipients that are specifically prohibited on 
the National List would not be allowed for use in drugs used to treat 
organic livestock.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the NOSB recommendation concerning the use of excipients would be 
consistent with federal regulations concerning the approved uses for 
the category of substances. Based on our consultations with the FDA, 
the NOP was informed that excipients are allowed for use in the 
manufacture of human and animal drugs. In addition, the FDA informed 
the NOP that not all excipients are inert substances; some have been 
shown to be potential toxicants. As a result, the FDA recommended that 
the NOP consider acknowledging the use of excipients that are: (1) 
Identified by the FDA as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS); (2) 
approved by the FDA as a food additive; or (3) included in the FDA 
review and approval of New Animal Drug Applications and New Drug 
Applications.
    Concerning the use of excipients, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body. As a result, the Secretary is proposing to 
amend Sec.  205.603 by adding a new paragraph (f) and recognizing 
excipients as allowed substances in the manufacture of drugs used to 
treat organic livestock as follows:
    (f) Excipients, only for use in the manufacture of drugs used to 
treat organic livestock when the excipient is: Identified by the FDA as 
Generally Recognized As Safe; Approved by the FDA as a food additive; 
or Included in the FDA review and approval of a New Animal Drug 
Application or New Drug Application.

Recommendations Not Accepted

    Epinephrine (CAS --51-43-4). Epinephrine was petitioned 
for use in organic livestock production as a treatment for anaphylactic 
shock. Epinephrine is a naturally derived hormone that is secreted from 
the adrenal glands as part of the sympathetic nervous system in 
mammals. As a medical drug, epinephrine is used to stimulate heartbeat 
and to treat emphysema, bronchitis, bronchial asthma and other allergic 
conditions.
    At its September 17-19, 2002, meeting in Washington, DC, the NOSB 
recommended adding epinephrine to Sec.  205.604 of the National List as 
a prohibited natural in organic livestock production, with the 
restrictions that it: (1) Only be allowed for the emergency treatment 
of anaphylactic shock; and (2) carry a withdrawal period (the interval 
between the time of the last administration of a sponsored compound and 
the time when the animal can be safely slaughtered for food or the milk 
can be safely consumed) for use of the substance be extended twice 
beyond what would be required by the FDA. In this open meeting, the 
NOSB evaluated epinephrine against the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 
6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received public comment, and concluded that 
the general use of epinephrine in organic livestock production is not 
consistent with the OFPA evaluation criteria and should be restricted 
because it is a hormone. The OFPA states that for a farm to be 
certified as an organic farm, with respect to the livestock produced by 
the farm, producers shall not use growth promoters and hormones on 
livestock, whether implanted, ingested, or injected (7 U.S.C. 
6509(c)(3)).
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for epinephrine would be consistent with 
Federal regulations concerning the use of animal drugs. Based on 
consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that epinephrine is 
listed at 21 CFR 500.65, with use and labeling limitations, as the 
emergency treatment for anaphylactic shock in cattle, horses, sheep, 
and swine. The NOP also learned that epinephrine, when used in animals, 
cannot be used outside of the provisions of 21 CFR 500.65. Concerning 
the use of epinephrine, the EPA deferred to FDA as the appropriate 
regulatory body.
    In review of the NOSB recommendation for restricting the use of 
epinephrine and the information gathered through consultation with the 
FDA, we believe that the intent of the NOSB's recommendation is already 
satisfied through the FDA restrictions on the use of epinephrine in 
livestock

[[Page 40630]]

production. We believe that listing epinephrine at Sec.  205.604 as a 
``nonsynthetic substance prohibited for use in organic livestock 
production'' would be confusing to users of the National List. Since 
epinephrine is a non-synthetic substance, currently allowed in organic 
production, and restricted ``for emergency use only'' under the FDA 
regulations, further restriction under the NOP regulations is not 
necessary. As a result, the Secretary is proposing not to accept the 
NOSB recommendation to add epinephrine to Sec.  205.604 of the National 
List as a ``nonsynthetic substance prohibited for use in organic 
livestock production.''
    Moxidectin (CAS --113507-06-5). Moxidectin was petitioned 
for use in organic livestock production as a medical treatment for 
controlling internal and external parasites. Moxidectin is a macrolide 
antibiotic that is chemically synthesized from nemadectin, an 
antibiotic produced in the fermentation of streptomyces cyaneogriseus 
sp. noncyanogenus. Moxidectin is effective against gastrointestinal 
roundworms, lungworms, cattle grubs, mites, lice and horn flies. 
Although moxidectin is a macrolide antibiotic, it was petitioned for 
use as a parasiticide.
    At its April 28-30, 2004, meeting in Chicago, IL, the NOSB 
recommended adding moxidectin to the National List, with the 
restriction that it only be allowed for use to control internal 
parasites. In this open meeting, the NOSB evaluated moxidectin against 
the evaluation criteria of 7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518 of the OFPA, received 
public comment, and concluded that the use of the substance in organic 
livestock production is consistent with the OFPA evaluation criteria.
    The NOP engaged in consultations with the FDA and EPA to ensure 
that the recommendation for moxidectin would be consistent with the 
federal regulations concerning the approved use of the substance. Based 
on consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that moxidectin is 
approved for use by the FDA for treatment and control of internal and 
external parasites in beef and dairy cattle (21 CFR 524.1451). 
Concerning the use of moxidectin, the EPA deferred to FDA as the 
appropriate regulatory body.
    Although moxidectin is approved for use in beef and dairy cattle by 
the FDA, the Secretary cannot accept the NOSB's recommendation to add 
moxidectin to the National List because it is a macrolide antibiotic. 
The Secretary received a recommendation from the NOSB, during its 
October 12-14, 2004, meeting to clarify that antibiotics are not 
allowed for the production of organic animals or edible organic 
products once a producer is certified organic. The Secretary accepted 
this recommendation and issued the recommended clarification on April 
22, 2005 (https://www.ams.usda.gov/nop/NOP/PolicyStatements/
USDANOSBFeedback3_10_05.pdf). The Secretary acknowledges that 
moxidectin has been petitioned for use as a parasiticide, however, the 
Secretary cannot overlook the fact that moxidectin is a macrolide 
antibiotic. Due to this fact, the Secretary cannot accept the NOSB 
recommendation to permit the use of moxidectin in organic livestock 
production.
    Activated charcoal, Calcium borogluconate, Calcium propionate, 
Kaolin pectin, Mineral oil, and Propylene glycol. The NOSB made six 
recommendations to the Secretary regarding the inclusion of activated 
charcoal, calcium borogluconate, calcium propionate, kaolin pectin, 
mineral oil, and propylene glycol as substances that should be allowed 
for use as veterinary treatments in organic livestock production. Based 
on consultations with the FDA, the NOP was informed that those 
substances were not approved by the FDA for use in cattle and would not 
qualify for extra-label use by a licensed veterinarian under the 
AMDUCA. The EPA deferred to FDA as the appropriate regulatory body for 
the use of the substances. As a result, the Secretary, at this time, 
cannot accept the recommendations to allow the use of those six 
substances under Sec.  205.603, as livestock medications. The Secretary 
remains in consultation concerning the use of these six substances in 
organic livestock production. However, until otherwise notified by the 
Secretary, synthetic activated charcoal, calcium borogluconate, calcium 
propionate, kaolin pectin, mineral oil, and propylene glycol will 
remain prohibited for use in organic livestock production.

III. Related Documents

    Six notices were published regarding the meetings of the NOSB and 
its deliberations on recommendations and substances petitioned for 
amending the National List. Substances and recommendations included in 
this proposed rule were announced for NOSB deliberation in the 
following Federal Register Notices: (1) 65 FR 64657, October 30, 2000, 
(Calcium borogluconate); (2) 66 FR 10873, February 20, 2001, 
(Poloxalene); (3) 67 FR 54784, August 26, 2002, (Activated charcoal, 
Bismuth subsalicylate, Butorphanol, Epinephrine, Kaolin pectin, 
Magnesium hydroxide, Potassium sorbate, Propylene glycol, Tolazoline, 
and Xylazine); (4) 67 FR 62949, October 9, 2002, (Excipients and 
Flunixin); (5) 68 FR 23277, May 1, 2003, (Atropine, Calcium propionate, 
Furosemide, and Mineral oil); and (6) 69 FR 18036, April 6, 2004, 
(Moxidectin).

IV. Statutory and Regulatory Authority

    The OFPA, as amended (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.), authorizes the 
Secretary to make amendments to the National List based on proposed 
amendments developed by the NOSB. Sections 6518(k)(2) and 6518(n) of 
OFPA authorize the NOSB to develop proposed amendments to the National 
List for submission to the Secretary and establish a petition process 
by which persons may petition the NOSB for the purpose of having 
substances evaluated for inclusion on or deletion from the National 
List. The National List petition process is implemented under Sec.  
205.607 of the NOP regulations. The current petition process (65 FR 
43259) can be accessed through the NOP Web site at https://
www.ams.usda.gov/nop.

A. Executive Order 12866

    This action has been determined not significant for purposes of 
Executive Order 12866, and therefore, has not been reviewed by the 
Office of Management and Budget.

B. Executive Order 12988

    Executive Order 12988 instructs each executive agency to adhere to 
certain requirements in the development of new and revised regulations 
in order to avoid unduly burdening the court system. This proposed rule 
is not intended to have a retroactive effect.
    States and local jurisdictions are preempted under section 2115 of 
the OFPA (7 U.S.C. 6514) from creating programs of accreditation for 
private persons or State officials who want to become certifying agents 
of organic farms or handling operations. A governing State official 
would have to apply to USDA to be accredited as a certifying agent, as 
described in section 2115(b) of the OFPA (7 U.S.C. 6514(b)). States are 
also preempted under sections 2104 through 2108 of the OFPA (7 U.S.C. 
6503 through 6507) from creating certification programs to certify 
organic farms or handling operations unless the State programs have 
been submitted to, and approved by, the Secretary as meeting the 
requirements of the OFPA.
    Pursuant to section 2108(b)(2) of the OFPA (7 U.S.C. 6507(b)(2)), a 
State organic certification program may contain additional requirements 
for the

[[Page 40631]]

production and handling of organically produced agricultural products 
that are produced in the State and for the certification of organic 
farm and handling operations located within the State under certain 
circumstances. Such additional requirements must: (a) Further the 
purposes of the OFPA, (b) not be inconsistent with the OFPA, (c) not be 
discriminatory toward agricultural commodities organically produced in 
other States, and (d) not be effective until approved by the Secretary.
    Pursuant to section 2120(f) of the OFPA (7 U.S.C. 6519(f)), this 
proposed rule would not alter the authority of the Secretary under the 
Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), the Poultry 
Products Inspections Act (21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.), or the Egg Products 
Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 1031 et seq.), concerning meat, poultry, and 
egg products, nor any of the authorities of the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
301 et seq.), nor the authority of the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Federal Insecticide, 
Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136 et seq.).
    Section 2121 of the OFPA (7 U.S.C. 6520) provides for the Secretary 
to establish an expedited administrative appeals procedure under which 
persons may appeal an action of the Secretary, the applicable governing 
State official, or a certifying agent under this title that adversely 
affects such person or is inconsistent with the organic certification 
program established under this title. The OFPA also provides that the 
U.S. District Court for the district in which a person is located has 
jurisdiction to review the Secretary's decision.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) 
requires agencies to consider the economic impact of each rule on small 
entities and evaluate alternatives that would accomplish the objectives 
of the rule without unduly burdening small entities or erecting 
barriers that would restrict their ability to compete in the market. 
The purpose is to fit regulatory actions to the scale of businesses 
subject to the action. Section 605 of the RFA allows an agency to 
certify a rule, in lieu of preparing an analysis, if the rulemaking is 
not expected to have a significant economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities.
    Pursuant to the requirements set forth in the RFA, the Agricultural 
Marketing Service (AMS) performed an economic impact analysis on small 
entities in the final rule published in the Federal Register on 
December 21, 2000 (65 FR 80548). The AMS has also considered the 
economic impact of this action on small entities. The impact on 
entities affected by this proposed rule would not be significant. The 
effect of this proposed rule would be to allow the use of additional 
substances in agricultural production and handling. This action would 
relax the regulations published in the final rule and would provide 
small entities with more tools to use in day-to-day operations. The AMS 
concludes that the economic impact of this addition of allowed 
substances, if any, would be minimal and entirely beneficial to small 
agricultural service firms. Accordingly, USDA certifies that this rule 
will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of 
small entities.
    Small agricultural service firms, which include producers, 
handlers, and accredited certifying agents, have been defined by the 
Small Business Administration (SBA) (13 CFR 121.201) as those having 
annual receipts of less than $6,500,000 and small agricultural 
producers are defined as those having annual receipts of less than 
$750,000. This proposed rule would have an impact on a substantial 
number of small entities.
    The U.S. organic industry at the end of 2001 included nearly 6,949 
certified organic crop and livestock operations. These operations 
reported certified acreage totaling more than 2.09 million acres of 
organic farm production. Data on the numbers of certified organic 
handling operations (any operation that transforms raw product into 
processed products using organic ingredients) were not available at the 
time of survey in 2001; but they were estimated to be in the thousands. 
By the end of 2004, the number of certified organic crop, livestock, 
and handling operations totaled nearly 11,400 operations. Based on 2003 
data, certified organic acreage increased to 2.2 million acres.
    U.S. sales of organic food and beverages have grown from $1 billion 
in 1990 to an estimated $12.2 billion in 2004. Organic food sales are 
projected to reach $14.5 billion for 2005; total U.S. organic sales, 
including nonfood uses, are expected to reach $15 billion in 2005. The 
organic industry is viewed as the fasting growing sector of 
agriculture, representing 2 percent of overall food and beverage sales. 
Since 1990, organic retail sales have historically demonstrated a 
growth rate between 20 to 24 percent each year. This growth rate is 
projected to decline and fall to a rate of 5 to 10 percent in the 
future.
    In addition, USDA has accredited 96 certifying agents who have 
applied to USDA to be accredited in order to provide certification 
services to producers and handlers. A complete list of names and 
addresses of accredited certifying agents may be found on the AMS NOP 
Web site, at https://www.ams.usda.gov/nop. AMS believes that most of 
these entities would be considered small entities under the criteria 
established by the SBA.

D. Paperwork Reduction Act

    Under the OFPA, no additional collection or recordkeeping 
requirements are imposed on the public by this proposed rule. 
Accordingly, OMB clearance is not required by section 350(h) of the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501, et seq., or OMB's 
implementing regulation at 5 CFR part 1320.
    AMS is committed to compliance with the Government Paperwork 
Elimination Act (GPEA), which requires Government agencies in general 
to provide the public the option of submitting information or 
transacting business electronically to the maximum extent possible.

E. General Notice of Public Rulemaking

    This proposed rule reflects recommendations submitted to the 
Secretary by the NOSB. The 13 substances proposed to be added to the 
National List were based on petitions from the industry. The NOSB 
evaluated each petition using criteria in the OFPA. Because these 
substances are critical to organic production and handling operations, 
producers and handlers should be able to use them in their operations 
as soon as possible. A 60-day period for interested persons to comment 
on this rule is provided.

List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 205.

    Administrative practice and procedure, Agriculture, Animals, 
Archives and records, Imports, Labeling, Organically produced products, 
Plants, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Seals and insignia, 
Soil conservation.
    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, 7 CFR part 205, Subpart 
G is proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 205--NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM

    1. The authority citation for 7 CFR part 205 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 7 U.S.C. 6501-6522.
    2. Section 205.603 is revised to read as follows:

[[Page 40632]]

Sec.  205.603  Synthetic substances allowed for use in organic 
livestock production.

    In accordance with restrictions specified in this section the 
following synthetic substances may be used in organic livestock 
production:
    (a) As disinfectants, sanitizer, and medical treatments as 
applicable.
    (1) Alcohols (Ethanol-disinfectant and sanitizer only, prohibited 
as a feed additive; and Isopropanol-disinfectant only.)
    (2) Aspirin-approved for health care use to reduce inflammation.
    (3) Atropine (CAS #--51-55-8)--Federal law restricts this drug to 
use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian.
    (4) Biologics--Vaccines.
    (5) Bismuth subsalicylate (CAS #--14887-18-9)--Federal law 
restricts this drug to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of 
a licensed veterinarian, in full compliance with the Animal Medicinal 
Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994 and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and 
Drug Administration regulations.
    (6) Butorphanol (CAS #--14887-18-9)--Federal law restricts this 
drug to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian, in full compliance with the Animal Medicinal Drug Use 
Clarification Act of 1994 and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and Drug 
Administration regulations.
    (7) Chlorhexidine--Allowed for surgical procedures conducted by a 
veterinarian. Allowed for use as a teat dip when alternative germicidal 
agents and/or physical barriers have lost their effectiveness.
    (8) Chlorine materials--disinfecting and sanitizing facilities and 
equipment. Residual chlorine levels in the water shall not exceed the 
maximum residual disinfectant limit under the Safe Drinking Water Act 
(Calcium hypochlorite; Chlorine dioxide; and Sodium hypochlorite.)
    (9) Electrolytes--without antibiotics.
    (10) Flunixin (CAS #--38677-85-9)--in accordance with approved 
labeling.
    (11) Furosemide (CAS #--54-31-9)--in accordance with approved 
labeling.
    (12) Glucose.
    (13) Glycerine--Allowed as a livestock teat dip, must be produced 
through the hydrolysis of fats or oils.
    (14) Hydrogen peroxide.
    (15) Iodine.
    (16) Magnesium hydroxide (CAS #--1309-42-8)--Federal law restricts 
this drug to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a 
licensed veterinarian, in full compliance with the Animal Medicinal 
Drug Use Clarification Act of 1994 and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and 
Drug Administration regulations.
    (17) Magnesium sulfate.
    (18) Oxytocin--use in postparturition therapeutic applications.
    (19) Paraciticides. Ivermectin--prohibited in slaughter stock, 
allowed in emergency treatment for dairy and breeder stock when organic 
system plan-approved preventive management does not prevent 
infestation. Milk or milk products from a treated animal cannot be 
labeled as provided for in subpart D of this part for 90 days following 
treatment. In breeder stock, treatment cannot occur during the last 
third of gestation if the progeny will be sold as organic and must not 
be used during the lactation period for breeding stock.
    (20) Peroxyacetic/peracetic acid (CAS #--79-21-0)--for sanitizing 
facility and processing equipment.
    (21) Phosphoric acid--allowed as an equipment cleaner, Provided, 
That, no direct contact with organically managed livestock or land 
occurs.
    (22) Poloxalene (CAS #--9003-11-6)--in accordance with approved 
labeling.
    (23) Tolazoline (CAS #--59-98-3)--Federal law restricts this drug 
to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian, in full compliance with the Animal Medicinal Drug Use 
Clarification Act of 1994 and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and Drug 
Administration regulations.
    (24) Xylazine (CAS #--7361-61-7)--Federal law restricts this drug 
to use by or on the lawful written or oral order of a licensed 
veterinarian, in full compliance with the Animal Medicinal Drug Use 
Clarification Act of 1994 and 21 CFR part 530 of the Food and Drug 
Administration regulations.
    (b) As topical treatment, external parasiticide or local anesthetic 
as applicable.
    (1) Copper sulfate.
    (2) Iodine.
    (3) Lidocaine--as a local anesthetic. Use requires a withdrawal 
period of 90 days after administering to livestock intended for 
slaughter and 7 days after administering to dairy animals.
    (4) Lime, hydrated--as an external pest control, not permitted to 
cauterize physical alterations or deodorize animal wastes.
    (5) Mineral oil--for topical use and as a lubricant.
    (6) Procaine--as a local anesthetic, use requires a withdrawal 
period of 90 days after administering to livestock intended for 
slaughter and 7 days after administering to dairy animals.
    (c) As feed supplements--Milk replacers without antibiotics, as 
emergency use only, no nonmilk products or products from BST treated 
animals.
    (d) As feed ad