Deceptive Advertising as to Sizes of Viewable Pictures Shown by Television Receiving Sets, 34247-34249 [E6-9233]
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Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 114 / Wednesday, June 14, 2006 / Rules and Regulations
Brunswick, GA, Brunswick Golden Isles, GPS
RWY 25, Orig, CANCELLED
Brunswick, GA, Brunswick Golden Isles,
VOR/DME–B, Amdt 8
Rome, GA, Richard B. Russell, Takeoff
Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt 3
Ottumwa, IA, Ottumwa Industrial, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 13, Orig
Ottumwa, IA, Ottumwa Industrial, VOR/DME
RWY 13, Amdt 7
Tallulah, LA, Vicksburg Tallulah Regional,
RNAV (GPS) RWY 36, Amdt 3
Bellaire, MI, Antrim County, RNAV (GPS)
RWY 2, Orig
Bellaire, MI, Antrim County, GPS RWY 2,
Orig-C, CANCELLED
Bellaire, MI, Antrim County, Takeoff
Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt 6
Holland, MI, Park Township, NDB OR GPS
RWY 23, Amdt 2B, CANCELLED
Holland, MI, Park Township, Takeoff
Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt 2,
CANCELLED
Howell, MI, Livingston County Spencer J.
Hardy, RNAV (GPS) RWY 13, Amdt 1
Howell, MI, Livingston County Spencer J.
Hardy, RNAV (GPS) RWY 31, Orig
Howell, MI, Livingston County Spencer J.
Hardy, VOR RWY 31, Amdt 11
Howell, MI, Livingston County Spencer J.
Hardy, Takeoff Minimums and Textual DP,
Amdt 3
Jackson, MS, Jackson-Evers Intl, LOC BC
RWY 16R, Amdt 5, CANCELLED
York, NE, York Municipal, RNAV (GPS)
RWY 17, Amdt 1
Wildwood, NJ, Cape May County, LOC RWY
19, Amdt 6
Wildwood, NJ, Cape May County, VOR-A,
Amdt 3
Wildwood, NJ, Cape May County, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 10, Orig
Wildwood, NJ, Cape May County,GPS RWY
10, Orig-B, CANCELLED
Wildwood, NJ, Cape May County, Takeoff
Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt 3
Chapel Hill, NC, Horace Williams, Takeoff
Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt 3
Raleigh-Durham, NC, Raleigh-Durham Intl,
Takeoff Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt
5
Roxboro, NC, Person County, Takeoff
Minimums and Textual DP, Orig
Wilmington, NC, Wilmington Intl, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 6, Amdt 1
Wilmington, NC, Wilmington Intl, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 17, Amdt 1
Wilmington, NC, Wilmington Intl, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 24, Amdt 1
Wilmington, NC, Wilmington Intl, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 35, Amdt 1
Aberdeen, SD, Aberdeen Regional, RNAV
(GPS) RWY 35, Orig
Aberdeen, SD, Aberdeen Regional, GPS RWY
35, Orig-B, CANCELLED
Culpeper, VA, Culpeper Regional, LOC RWY
4, Orig
Culpeper, VA, Culpeper Regional, NDB RWY
4, Orig
Christiansted, St. Croix, VI, Henry E Rohlsen,
Takeoff Minimums and Textual DP, Amdt
8
* * * Effective 28 September 2006
Denver, CO, Jeffco, VOR/DME RNAV RWY
29R, Orig, CANCELLED
VerDate Aug<31>2005
15:14 Jun 13, 2006
Jkt 208001
Fort Collins (Loveland), CO, Fort CollinsLoveland Muni, VOR/DME RNAV RWY 15,
Amdt 4C, CANCELLED
Fort Collins (Loveland), CO, Fort CollinsLoveland Muni, VOR/DME RNAV RWY 33,
Amdt 5A, CANCELLED
Carrollton, OH, Carroll County-Tolson, NDB
OR GPS RWY 25, Amdt 5A, CANCELLED
Portland, OR, Portland-Hillsboro, NDB–B,
Amdt 2, CANCELLED
Portland, OR, Portland Intl, NDB RWY 28L,
Amdt 5, CANCELLED
Portland, OR, Portland Intl, NDB RWY 28R,
Amdt 11A, CANCELLED
Ogden, UT, Ogden-Hinckley, VOR/DME
RNAV RWY 3, Orig-A, CANCELLED
Roosevelt, UT, Roosevelt Muni, VOR/DME
RNAV RWY 25, Amdt 2A, CANCELLED
Bellingham, WA, Bellingham Intl, NDB RWY
16, Amdt 1B, CANCELLED
Kelso, WA, Kelso-Longview, NDB OR GPS–
A, Amdt 5C, CANCELLED
Shelton, WA, Sanderson Field, NDB OR
GPS–A, Amdt 2, CANCELLED
[FR Doc. 06–5321 Filed 6–13–06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310–13–P
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
16 CFR Part 410
Deceptive Advertising as to Sizes of
Viewable Pictures Shown by Television
Receiving Sets
AGENCY:
ACTION:
Federal Trade Commission.
Confirmation of rule.
SUMMARY: The Federal Trade
Commission (‘‘FTC’’ or ‘‘Commission’’)
has completed its regulatory review of
the Rule concerning Deceptive
Advertising as to Sizes of Viewable
Pictures Shown by Television Receiving
Sets (‘‘Rule’’ or ‘‘Picture Tube Rule’’), as
part of the Commission’s systematic
review of all current Commission
regulations and guides, and has
determined to retain the Rule in its
current form.
This action is effective as of June
14, 2006.
DATES:
Requests for copies of this
rule should be sent to the Consumer
Response Center, Room 130, Federal
Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania
Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20580. The
rule also is available on the Internet at
the Commission’s Web site, https://
www.ftc.gov.
ADDRESSES:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Carol Jennings, (202) 326–3010,
Attorney, Division of Enforcement,
Bureau of Consumer Protection, Federal
Trade Commission, Washington, DC
20580. E-mail: cjennings@ftc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
PO 00000
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34247
I. Introduction
The Commission has determined, as
part of its oversight responsibilities, to
review its rules and guides periodically
to seek information about their costs
and benefits as well as their regulatory
and economic impact. The information
obtained assists the Commission in
identifying rules and guides that
warrant modification or rescission.
II. Background
The Commission’s Picture Tube Rule,
like the other trade regulation rules
issued by the Commission, ‘‘define[s]
with specificity acts or practices which
are unfair or deceptive acts or practices
in or affecting commerce. Such rules
may include requirements prescribed
for the purpose of preventing such acts
or practices. A violation of a rule shall
constitute an unfair or deceptive act or
practice in violation of section 5(a)(1) of
the [Federal Trade Commission] Act,
unless the Commission otherwise
expressly provides in its rule.’’ 16 CFR
1.8.
The Picture Tube Rule, promulgated
in 1966, sets forth the appropriate
means for disclosing the method by
which the dimensions of television
screens are measured, when this
measurement is included in any
advertisement or promotional material
for the television set. The purpose of the
Rule is to prevent deceptive claims
regarding the size of television screens
and to encourage uniformity in
measuring television screens, thereby
aiding comparison shopping. Under the
Rule, any representation of the screen
size must be based on the horizontal
dimension of the actual, viewable
picture area, unless the alternative
method of measurement is clearly and
conspicuously disclosed in close
proximity to the size designation. The
Rule notes that the horizontal
measurement must not take into account
any curvature of the tube. Further,
disclosing the method of measurement
in a footnote rather than in the body of
the advertisement does not constitute a
disclosure in close proximity to the
measurement. The Rule includes
examples of both proper and improper
representations of size descriptions.
The Rule was last subject to
regulatory review in 1994. At that time,
the Commission decided to retain the
Rule, concluding that it continues to be
valuable both to consumers and
businesses. The Commission, however,
amended the Rule to clarify some of its
compliance illustrations, provide metric
equivalents for the measurements stated
in inches, and add a new Note 3 to
explain that the inclusion of metric
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Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 114 / Wednesday, June 14, 2006 / Rules and Regulations
figures is for information purposes only
and does not impose a requirement on
the industry to use metric
measurements. 59 FR 54809
(November 2, 1994).
Since the Rule was last subject to
regulatory review and amended in 1994,
broadcasting and television technology
have advanced significantly, and an
array of new types of televisions are
available in the marketplace. The
technological change with the closest
nexus to the Rule is the introduction of
digital television, including high
definition television, and the advent of
new wider screen televisions to display
these enhanced digital pictures.1 New
television display technologies available
today include thin, flat panel televisions
with either liquid crystal or plasma
display panels. In addition, there have
been advances in the quality and
popularity of front and rear, big screen,
projection televisions.
On April 7, 2005, the Commission
published a Federal Register notice
(‘‘FRN’’) seeking comment on the Rule
as part of the Commission’s ongoing
project to review periodically its rules
and guides to determine their current
effectiveness and impact (70 FR 17623).
This FRN sought comment on the
continuing need for the Rule, the costs
and benefits of the Rule, what changes
in the Rule would increase its benefits
to purchasers and how those changes
would affect compliance costs, and
whether technological or marketplace
changes have affected the Rule.
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III. Regulatory Review Comments
The Commission received six
comments in response to the FRN.2
Comments were received from five
individuals 3 and from the Consumer
Electronics Association (‘‘CEA’’). CEA
states that it is the principal U.S. trade
association of the consumer electronics
and information technologies industries.
1 Wider screen televisions have a higher aspect
ratio than traditional televisions (the aspect ratio is
the ratio between the width of the picture and the
height of the picture). Traditional televisions have
an aspect ratio of 4 by 3 (1.33 to 1) while wider
screen high definition televisions have an aspect
ratio of 16 by 9 (1.85 to 1).
2 The comments are cited in this notice by the
name of the commenter. All Rule review comments
are on the public record and are available for public
inspection in the Consumer Response Center, Room
130, Federal Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania
Avenue, NW., Washington, DC, from 9 a.m. to
5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays. The comments also are available on the
Internet at the Commission’s Web site,
https://www.ftc.gov.
3 The Commission’s request for public comment
elicited comments from the following five
individuals: (1) John Woelflein (‘‘Woelflein’’), (2)
Gavin Young (‘‘Young’’), (3) Michael Payne
(‘‘Payne’’), (4) James Scott Hudnall (‘‘Hudnall’’),
and (5) William Hooper (‘‘Hooper’’).
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According to CEA, its more than 2,000
member companies include the world’s
leading consumer electronics
manufacturers.
A. Support for Retaining the Rule
The comments indicated generally
that the Picture Tube Rule should
remain in effect, although, as explained
below, each comment recommended
revising the Rule in one or more ways.
One commenter, CEA, indicated that the
Rule has provided benefits to consumers
and imposed small costs on entities
subject to the Rule’s requirements. In
particular, CEA indicated that the Rule
requires manufacturers to provide
useful information to consumers by
allowing a fair comparison of televisions
and usefully defines size as the
television’s viewable area. Although
CEA argued that the Rule is
unnecessarily burdensome because
marketers commonly advertise diagonal
measurements rather than horizontal
measurements and therefore must add
the word ‘‘diagonally’’ or a comparable
disclosure to product literature and
advertising, CEA also stated that the
additional printing cost of adding such
disclosures is small.4 None of the
commenters advocated repeal of the
Rule.
In light of the comments received, and
in the absence of any opposition, the
Commission concludes that there is a
continuing need for the Rule. The
comments provide evidence that the
Rule serves a useful purpose, while
imposing minimal costs on the industry,
and the Commission has no evidence to
the contrary. In the Commission’s view,
the Rule ensures the flexibility needed
by the industry to use the method of
measuring television screens it prefers,
while making certain that consumers
have enough information regarding
screen size to make informed
purchasing decisions. While changing
the ‘‘default’’ measurement from
‘‘horizontal’’ to the more commonly
used ‘‘diagonal’’ as CEA proposed, or
requiring marketers to disclose screen
size in square inches or metric units as
some other commenters proposed,
might improve the Rule, the cost of
doing so would likely exceed the
benefit. Accordingly, the Commission
has determined to retain the Picture
Tube Rule in its current form.
B. Suggested Changes to the Rule
Regarding the Manner of Measurement
Although the comments supported
preserving the Picture Tube Rule, all of
them proposed changes. CEA urged the
Commission to eliminate the horizontal
4 CEA
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at 3.
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dimension as the Rule’s default
measurement, which, when used, does
not require a disclosure of the method
of measurement in close proximity to
the size designation.5 Currently, the
advertised dimensions of the television
screen’s viewable picture area must
reflect the horizontal measurement
unless the alternative method of
measurement is clearly and
conspicuously disclosed in close
proximity to the size designation.
According to CEA, however, the
prevailing practice within the industry
is to use the diagonal plane to measure
the screen. Thus, CEA urged the
Commission to amend the Rule to
reflect current industry practice.
Specifically, CEA proposed requiring
marketers to make any claim regarding
the size of the television screen using a
diagonal measurement, unless they
disclose clearly and conspicuously the
alternative method of measurement.6 In
support of its recommendation, CEA
identified references to television screen
sizes, as measured diagonally across the
picture viewing area, in Federal
Communications Commission
regulations announcing the digital
television reception capability
implementation schedule (47 CFR
15.117), and in flat-panel-screen color
television listings in Chapter 85 of the
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the
United States.7
Three other commenters, however,
urged the Commission to amend the
Rule to require marketers to describe the
size of the television screen’s viewable
picture area in terms of square inches or
square metric units.8 The commenters
stated that such a disclosure would
make it easier for consumers to compare
the picture areas of conventional
television screens with the picture areas
of the new wide screen televisions that
are available in the marketplace.9 None
of the commenters argued that this
change is necessary to prevent
5 CEA
at 1.
also proposed a few minor wording
changes to the Rule and the elimination of several
examples (e.g., substituting the word ‘‘display’’ for
the word ‘‘picture’’ and dropping examples of
improper size descriptions). In addition, it
proposed adding a statement that ‘‘This Rule
assumes a display with a 4 by 3 aspect ratio. For
displays with a 16 by 9 aspect ratio, the diagonal
measurement may be followed with a suffix ‘W.’ ’’
CEA at Appendix B. CEA did not explain the
rationale for these proposed changes. Given that
CEA proposed these changes without providing any
explanation or supporting evidence, the
Commission has determined not to make any of
these proposed changes to the Rule.
7 CEA at 5.
8 One of them also proposed that the Rule require
disclosure of the television’s aspect ratio. Hudnall
at 1.
9 Young at 1; Hudnall at 1; and Hooper at 1.
6 CEA
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Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 114 / Wednesday, June 14, 2006 / Rules and Regulations
deception or provided the Commission
with any market research or other data
bearing on how consumers view the
various methods of measuring television
screens.
When the Commission initially
promulgated the Rule in 1966, most
television manufacturers measured the
dimensions of their television sets
diagonally, just as they do today. Thus,
the horizontal dimension was not
chosen based on a belief that it was the
industry norm. Rather, the Commission
found that almost all rectangular objects
were measured horizontally and
vertically. Television screens were the
only rectangular-shaped commodities
that were measured diagonally. Thus,
the Commission reasoned, if a
rectangular screen was measured in the
usual manner for similarly-shaped
objects, then no disclosure was
necessary.10 Moreover, the television
industry has adopted the Rule’s
disclosure requirements as part of its
routine business practice, although the
industry generally does not use the
Rule’s default horizontal measurement
method. In 1994, the Commission
rejected a similar proposal to amend the
Rule to adopt the diagonal measurement
method as the standard in the Rule (59
FR 54809, 54811 (November 2, 1994)).
The Commission is not aware of any
evidence that revising the Rule to
require a disclosure when a
measurement other than the diagonal
dimension is used, or to require
marketers to describe screen size in
square inches or metric units, would
provide a tangible benefit to consumers.
Moreover, revising the Rule to make the
diagonal measurement the default
measurement as CEA proposed could
potentially cause confusion to the extent
consumers accustomed to seeing screen
measurements described as diagonal
might mistakenly believe the
measurements not described as diagonal
are in fact based on horizontal or area
measurements. The commenters failed
to submit convincing evidence that their
proposed changes would confer net
benefits on consumers or the industry,
or that the Rule as amended would
better protect consumers from
deception.
The Commission believes that the
Rule is sufficiently flexible to allow
industry to use the method it prefers for
measuring television screen sizes to
meet consumer expectations and
compete effectively, is easy to comply
with at minimal cost, and ensures that
advertising contains sufficient
information on screen size to allow
consumers to make informed
10 31
FR 3342 (March 3, 1966).
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15:14 Jun 13, 2006
Jkt 208001
purchasing decisions. If marketers
determine they can compete more
effectively by disclosing screen size
measured in square inches or metric
units, the Rule allows them to do so.
Thus, expending additional resources at
this time to seek further comment and
testimony at hearings on the methods of
measuring television screens is not
justified. The absence of evidence
indicating a need to amend the Rule and
the risk, however small, that amending
the Rule as CEA proposed would cause
confusion argues against conducting a
rulemaking proceeding to re-write the
Rule. The Commission has therefore
determined not to amend the Rule’s
disclosure requirements at this time.
C. Suggested Changes to the Rule
Regarding Metric Disclosures
Five individual commenters urged the
Commission to amend the Rule to
require the industry to use metric
measurements, in conformance with the
Metric Conversion Act.11 As discussed
above, in 1994, the Commission
amended the Rule to provide metric
equivalents for the measurements stated
in inches in the Rule’s examples. The
Commission noted further that
inclusion of metric figures in the Rule
was for information purposes only and
did not impose a requirement on the
industry. In the Commission’s view, the
Rule is sufficiently flexible to permit
industry members to use metric
measurements, if they choose to do so
to compete effectively in the global
marketplace. Accordingly, the
Commission has determined not to
amend the Rule in this manner.
D. Suggested Changes to the Rule
Regarding Rounding
CEA requested that the Commission
amend the Rule to address the issue of
rounding fractional television screen
size dimensions to whole numbers to
provide consistency within the
industry.12 In support of its request,
CEA referenced an Electronics
Industries Alliance (‘‘EIA’’) statement
that specifies a system for rounding
television screen sizes to whole
numbers. According to CEA, the
statement provides, in part, that, ‘‘A
11 Woelflein at 1; Young at 1; Payne at 1; Hudnall
at 1; and Hooper at 1. Under Executive Order 12770
of July 25, 1991 (56 FR 35801), and the Metric
Conversion Act, as amended by the Omnibus Trade
and Competitiveness Act (15 U.S.C. 205), all
Federal agencies are required to use the SI metric
system of measurement in all procurements, grants
and other business-related activities (which include
rulemakings), except to the extent that such use is
impractical or is likely to cause significant
inefficiencies or loss of markets to United States
firms.
12 CEA at 4.
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34249
tube having its screen size within plus
or minus one-half centimeter shall be
assigned that integer. A tube falling
exactly on a one-half centimeter shall be
assigned the next larger integer.’’ 13 CEA
recommended that the Commission
amend the Rule to adopt an approach to
rounding consistent with this statement.
In the absence of consumer research
or other evidence on the record in this
proceeding that revising the Rule as
proposed by CEA would not result in
deception in connection with disclosing
the viewable picture area of a television
screen, the Commission has determined
not to amend the Rule at this time to
address the issue of rounding.
IV. Conclusion
For the reasons described above, the
Commission has determined to retain
the current Rule and is terminating this
review.
List of Subjects in 16 CFR Part 410
Advertising, Picture tubes, Television
sets, Trade practices.
Authority: 15 U.S.C. 41–58.
By direction of the Commission.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. E6–9233 Filed 6–13–06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
21 CFR Part 203
[Docket Nos. 1992N–0297 (Formerly 92N–
0297), 1988N–0258 (Formerly 88N–0258),
2006D–0226]
Prescription Drug Marketing Act
Pedigree Requirements; Effective Date
and Compliance Policy Guide; Request
for Comment
AGENCY:
Food and Drug Administration,
HHS.
Final rule; announcement of
effective date; notice of availability;
request for comment.
ACTION:
SUMMARY: The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) does not intend
to further delay the effective date of
certain provisions of the final regulation
published in the Federal Register of
13 See Worldwide Type Designation System for
TV Picture Tubes and Monitor Tubes, ECA–TEP–
106B. EIA is a partnership of electronic and hightech associations and companies whose mission is
promoting the market development and
competitiveness of the U.S. high-tech industry.
EIA’s nearly 1,300 member companies represent the
full range of consumer electronic products.
E:\FR\FM\14JNR1.SGM
14JNR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 71, Number 114 (Wednesday, June 14, 2006)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 34247-34249]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E6-9233]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
16 CFR Part 410
Deceptive Advertising as to Sizes of Viewable Pictures Shown by
Television Receiving Sets
AGENCY: Federal Trade Commission.
ACTION: Confirmation of rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Federal Trade Commission (``FTC'' or ``Commission'') has
completed its regulatory review of the Rule concerning Deceptive
Advertising as to Sizes of Viewable Pictures Shown by Television
Receiving Sets (``Rule'' or ``Picture Tube Rule''), as part of the
Commission's systematic review of all current Commission regulations
and guides, and has determined to retain the Rule in its current form.
DATES: This action is effective as of June 14, 2006.
ADDRESSES: Requests for copies of this rule should be sent to the
Consumer Response Center, Room 130, Federal Trade Commission, 600
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20580. The rule also is
available on the Internet at the Commission's Web site, https://
www.ftc.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carol Jennings, (202) 326-3010,
Attorney, Division of Enforcement, Bureau of Consumer Protection,
Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC 20580. E-mail:
cjennings@ftc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Introduction
The Commission has determined, as part of its oversight
responsibilities, to review its rules and guides periodically to seek
information about their costs and benefits as well as their regulatory
and economic impact. The information obtained assists the Commission in
identifying rules and guides that warrant modification or rescission.
II. Background
The Commission's Picture Tube Rule, like the other trade regulation
rules issued by the Commission, ``define[s] with specificity acts or
practices which are unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or
affecting commerce. Such rules may include requirements prescribed for
the purpose of preventing such acts or practices. A violation of a rule
shall constitute an unfair or deceptive act or practice in violation of
section 5(a)(1) of the [Federal Trade Commission] Act, unless the
Commission otherwise expressly provides in its rule.'' 16 CFR 1.8.
The Picture Tube Rule, promulgated in 1966, sets forth the
appropriate means for disclosing the method by which the dimensions of
television screens are measured, when this measurement is included in
any advertisement or promotional material for the television set. The
purpose of the Rule is to prevent deceptive claims regarding the size
of television screens and to encourage uniformity in measuring
television screens, thereby aiding comparison shopping. Under the Rule,
any representation of the screen size must be based on the horizontal
dimension of the actual, viewable picture area, unless the alternative
method of measurement is clearly and conspicuously disclosed in close
proximity to the size designation. The Rule notes that the horizontal
measurement must not take into account any curvature of the tube.
Further, disclosing the method of measurement in a footnote rather than
in the body of the advertisement does not constitute a disclosure in
close proximity to the measurement. The Rule includes examples of both
proper and improper representations of size descriptions.
The Rule was last subject to regulatory review in 1994. At that
time, the Commission decided to retain the Rule, concluding that it
continues to be valuable both to consumers and businesses. The
Commission, however, amended the Rule to clarify some of its compliance
illustrations, provide metric equivalents for the measurements stated
in inches, and add a new Note 3 to explain that the inclusion of metric
[[Page 34248]]
figures is for information purposes only and does not impose a
requirement on the industry to use metric measurements. 59 FR 54809
(November 2, 1994).
Since the Rule was last subject to regulatory review and amended in
1994, broadcasting and television technology have advanced
significantly, and an array of new types of televisions are available
in the marketplace. The technological change with the closest nexus to
the Rule is the introduction of digital television, including high
definition television, and the advent of new wider screen televisions
to display these enhanced digital pictures.\1\ New television display
technologies available today include thin, flat panel televisions with
either liquid crystal or plasma display panels. In addition, there have
been advances in the quality and popularity of front and rear, big
screen, projection televisions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Wider screen televisions have a higher aspect ratio than
traditional televisions (the aspect ratio is the ratio between the
width of the picture and the height of the picture). Traditional
televisions have an aspect ratio of 4 by 3 (1.33 to 1) while wider
screen high definition televisions have an aspect ratio of 16 by 9
(1.85 to 1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
On April 7, 2005, the Commission published a Federal Register
notice (``FRN'') seeking comment on the Rule as part of the
Commission's ongoing project to review periodically its rules and
guides to determine their current effectiveness and impact (70 FR
17623). This FRN sought comment on the continuing need for the Rule,
the costs and benefits of the Rule, what changes in the Rule would
increase its benefits to purchasers and how those changes would affect
compliance costs, and whether technological or marketplace changes have
affected the Rule.
III. Regulatory Review Comments
The Commission received six comments in response to the FRN.\2\
Comments were received from five individuals \3\ and from the Consumer
Electronics Association (``CEA''). CEA states that it is the principal
U.S. trade association of the consumer electronics and information
technologies industries. According to CEA, its more than 2,000 member
companies include the world's leading consumer electronics
manufacturers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ The comments are cited in this notice by the name of the
commenter. All Rule review comments are on the public record and are
available for public inspection in the Consumer Response Center,
Room 130, Federal Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW.,
Washington, DC, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except
Federal holidays. The comments also are available on the Internet at
the Commission's Web site, https://www.ftc.gov.
\3\ The Commission's request for public comment elicited
comments from the following five individuals: (1) John Woelflein
(``Woelflein''), (2) Gavin Young (``Young''), (3) Michael Payne
(``Payne''), (4) James Scott Hudnall (``Hudnall''), and (5) William
Hooper (``Hooper'').
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A. Support for Retaining the Rule
The comments indicated generally that the Picture Tube Rule should
remain in effect, although, as explained below, each comment
recommended revising the Rule in one or more ways. One commenter, CEA,
indicated that the Rule has provided benefits to consumers and imposed
small costs on entities subject to the Rule's requirements. In
particular, CEA indicated that the Rule requires manufacturers to
provide useful information to consumers by allowing a fair comparison
of televisions and usefully defines size as the television's viewable
area. Although CEA argued that the Rule is unnecessarily burdensome
because marketers commonly advertise diagonal measurements rather than
horizontal measurements and therefore must add the word ``diagonally''
or a comparable disclosure to product literature and advertising, CEA
also stated that the additional printing cost of adding such
disclosures is small.\4\ None of the commenters advocated repeal of the
Rule.
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\4\ CEA at 3.
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In light of the comments received, and in the absence of any
opposition, the Commission concludes that there is a continuing need
for the Rule. The comments provide evidence that the Rule serves a
useful purpose, while imposing minimal costs on the industry, and the
Commission has no evidence to the contrary. In the Commission's view,
the Rule ensures the flexibility needed by the industry to use the
method of measuring television screens it prefers, while making certain
that consumers have enough information regarding screen size to make
informed purchasing decisions. While changing the ``default''
measurement from ``horizontal'' to the more commonly used ``diagonal''
as CEA proposed, or requiring marketers to disclose screen size in
square inches or metric units as some other commenters proposed, might
improve the Rule, the cost of doing so would likely exceed the benefit.
Accordingly, the Commission has determined to retain the Picture Tube
Rule in its current form.
B. Suggested Changes to the Rule Regarding the Manner of Measurement
Although the comments supported preserving the Picture Tube Rule,
all of them proposed changes. CEA urged the Commission to eliminate the
horizontal dimension as the Rule's default measurement, which, when
used, does not require a disclosure of the method of measurement in
close proximity to the size designation.\5\ Currently, the advertised
dimensions of the television screen's viewable picture area must
reflect the horizontal measurement unless the alternative method of
measurement is clearly and conspicuously disclosed in close proximity
to the size designation. According to CEA, however, the prevailing
practice within the industry is to use the diagonal plane to measure
the screen. Thus, CEA urged the Commission to amend the Rule to reflect
current industry practice. Specifically, CEA proposed requiring
marketers to make any claim regarding the size of the television screen
using a diagonal measurement, unless they disclose clearly and
conspicuously the alternative method of measurement.\6\ In support of
its recommendation, CEA identified references to television screen
sizes, as measured diagonally across the picture viewing area, in
Federal Communications Commission regulations announcing the digital
television reception capability implementation schedule (47 CFR
15.117), and in flat-panel-screen color television listings in Chapter
85 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States.\7\
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\5\ CEA at 1.
\6\ CEA also proposed a few minor wording changes to the Rule
and the elimination of several examples (e.g., substituting the word
``display'' for the word ``picture'' and dropping examples of
improper size descriptions). In addition, it proposed adding a
statement that ``This Rule assumes a display with a 4 by 3 aspect
ratio. For displays with a 16 by 9 aspect ratio, the diagonal
measurement may be followed with a suffix `W.' '' CEA at Appendix B.
CEA did not explain the rationale for these proposed changes. Given
that CEA proposed these changes without providing any explanation or
supporting evidence, the Commission has determined not to make any
of these proposed changes to the Rule.
\7\ CEA at 5.
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Three other commenters, however, urged the Commission to amend the
Rule to require marketers to describe the size of the television
screen's viewable picture area in terms of square inches or square
metric units.\8\ The commenters stated that such a disclosure would
make it easier for consumers to compare the picture areas of
conventional television screens with the picture areas of the new wide
screen televisions that are available in the marketplace.\9\ None of
the commenters argued that this change is necessary to prevent
[[Page 34249]]
deception or provided the Commission with any market research or other
data bearing on how consumers view the various methods of measuring
television screens.
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\8\ One of them also proposed that the Rule require disclosure
of the television's aspect ratio. Hudnall at 1.
\9\ Young at 1; Hudnall at 1; and Hooper at 1.
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When the Commission initially promulgated the Rule in 1966, most
television manufacturers measured the dimensions of their television
sets diagonally, just as they do today. Thus, the horizontal dimension
was not chosen based on a belief that it was the industry norm. Rather,
the Commission found that almost all rectangular objects were measured
horizontally and vertically. Television screens were the only
rectangular-shaped commodities that were measured diagonally. Thus, the
Commission reasoned, if a rectangular screen was measured in the usual
manner for similarly-shaped objects, then no disclosure was
necessary.\10\ Moreover, the television industry has adopted the Rule's
disclosure requirements as part of its routine business practice,
although the industry generally does not use the Rule's default
horizontal measurement method. In 1994, the Commission rejected a
similar proposal to amend the Rule to adopt the diagonal measurement
method as the standard in the Rule (59 FR 54809, 54811 (November 2,
1994)).
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\10\ 31 FR 3342 (March 3, 1966).
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The Commission is not aware of any evidence that revising the Rule
to require a disclosure when a measurement other than the diagonal
dimension is used, or to require marketers to describe screen size in
square inches or metric units, would provide a tangible benefit to
consumers. Moreover, revising the Rule to make the diagonal measurement
the default measurement as CEA proposed could potentially cause
confusion to the extent consumers accustomed to seeing screen
measurements described as diagonal might mistakenly believe the
measurements not described as diagonal are in fact based on horizontal
or area measurements. The commenters failed to submit convincing
evidence that their proposed changes would confer net benefits on
consumers or the industry, or that the Rule as amended would better
protect consumers from deception.
The Commission believes that the Rule is sufficiently flexible to
allow industry to use the method it prefers for measuring television
screen sizes to meet consumer expectations and compete effectively, is
easy to comply with at minimal cost, and ensures that advertising
contains sufficient information on screen size to allow consumers to
make informed purchasing decisions. If marketers determine they can
compete more effectively by disclosing screen size measured in square
inches or metric units, the Rule allows them to do so. Thus, expending
additional resources at this time to seek further comment and testimony
at hearings on the methods of measuring television screens is not
justified. The absence of evidence indicating a need to amend the Rule
and the risk, however small, that amending the Rule as CEA proposed
would cause confusion argues against conducting a rulemaking proceeding
to re-write the Rule. The Commission has therefore determined not to
amend the Rule's disclosure requirements at this time.
C. Suggested Changes to the Rule Regarding Metric Disclosures
Five individual commenters urged the Commission to amend the Rule
to require the industry to use metric measurements, in conformance with
the Metric Conversion Act.\11\ As discussed above, in 1994, the
Commission amended the Rule to provide metric equivalents for the
measurements stated in inches in the Rule's examples. The Commission
noted further that inclusion of metric figures in the Rule was for
information purposes only and did not impose a requirement on the
industry. In the Commission's view, the Rule is sufficiently flexible
to permit industry members to use metric measurements, if they choose
to do so to compete effectively in the global marketplace. Accordingly,
the Commission has determined not to amend the Rule in this manner.
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\11\ Woelflein at 1; Young at 1; Payne at 1; Hudnall at 1; and
Hooper at 1. Under Executive Order 12770 of July 25, 1991 (56 FR
35801), and the Metric Conversion Act, as amended by the Omnibus
Trade and Competitiveness Act (15 U.S.C. 205), all Federal agencies
are required to use the SI metric system of measurement in all
procurements, grants and other business-related activities (which
include rulemakings), except to the extent that such use is
impractical or is likely to cause significant inefficiencies or loss
of markets to United States firms.
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D. Suggested Changes to the Rule Regarding Rounding
CEA requested that the Commission amend the Rule to address the
issue of rounding fractional television screen size dimensions to whole
numbers to provide consistency within the industry.\12\ In support of
its request, CEA referenced an Electronics Industries Alliance
(``EIA'') statement that specifies a system for rounding television
screen sizes to whole numbers. According to CEA, the statement
provides, in part, that, ``A tube having its screen size within plus or
minus one-half centimeter shall be assigned that integer. A tube
falling exactly on a one-half centimeter shall be assigned the next
larger integer.'' \13\ CEA recommended that the Commission amend the
Rule to adopt an approach to rounding consistent with this statement.
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\12\ CEA at 4.
\13\ See Worldwide Type Designation System for TV Picture Tubes
and Monitor Tubes, ECA-TEP-106B. EIA is a partnership of electronic
and high-tech associations and companies whose mission is promoting
the market development and competitiveness of the U.S. high-tech
industry. EIA's nearly 1,300 member companies represent the full
range of consumer electronic products.
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In the absence of consumer research or other evidence on the record
in this proceeding that revising the Rule as proposed by CEA would not
result in deception in connection with disclosing the viewable picture
area of a television screen, the Commission has determined not to amend
the Rule at this time to address the issue of rounding.
IV. Conclusion
For the reasons described above, the Commission has determined to
retain the current Rule and is terminating this review.
List of Subjects in 16 CFR Part 410
Advertising, Picture tubes, Television sets, Trade practices.
Authority: 15 U.S.C. 41-58.
By direction of the Commission.
Donald S. Clark,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. E6-9233 Filed 6-13-06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6750-01-P