Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; Alabama; Redesignation of the Birmingham, AL 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area to Attainment for Ozone, 27631-27636 [06-4435]
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required information to the U.S. Senate,
the U.S. House of Representatives, and
the Comptroller General of the United
States prior to publication of the rule in
the Federal Register. A major rule
cannot take effect until 60 days after it
is published in the Federal Register.
This action is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as
defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA,
petitions for judicial review of this
action must be filed in the United States
Court of Appeals for the appropriate
circuit by July 11, 2006. Filing a petition
for reconsideration by the Administrator
of this final rule does not affect the
finality of this rule for the purposes of
judicial review nor does it extend the
time within which a petition for judicial
review may be filed, and shall not
postpone the effectiveness of such rule
or action. This action may not be
challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements. (See section
307(b)(2).)
Dated: May 1, 2006.
James B. Gulliford,
Regional Administrator , Region 7.
List of Subjects
I
Chapter I, Title 40 of the Code of
Federal Regulations is amended as
follows:
40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Incorporation by reference,
Intergovernmental relations, Lead,
Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate
matter, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile
organic compounds.
PART 52—[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 52
continues to read as follows:
I
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart AA—Missouri
2. In § 52.1320(c) the table is amended
under Chapter 6 by revising the entry
for ‘‘10–6.110’’ to read as follows:
40 CFR Part 70
I
Administrative practice and
procedure, Air pollution control,
Intergovernmental relations, Operating
permits, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
§ 52.1320
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Identification of plan.
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(c) * * *
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EPA-APPROVED MISSOURI REGULATIONS
Missouri citation
State
effective
date
Title
EPA
approval
date
Explanation
Missouri Department of Natural Resources
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Chapter 6—Air Quality Standards, Definitions, Sampling and Reference Methods, and Air Pollution Control Regulations for the State of
Missouri
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10-6.110 ...................................
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Submission of Emission Data,
Emission Fees, and Process Information.
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12/30/05
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Information’’ on January 5, 2006, approval of
section (3)(D) effective July 11, 2006.
PART 70—[AMENDED]
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[FR Doc. 06–4432 Filed 5–11–06; 8:45 am]
1. The authority citation for part 70
continues to read as follows:
I
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Appendix A—[Amended]
2. Appendix A to part 70 is amended
by adding paragraph (q) under Missouri
to read as follows:
I
Appendix A to Part 70—Approval
Status of State and Local Operating
Permits Programs
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Missouri
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(q) The Missouri Department of Natural
Resources submitted revisions to Missouri
rule 10 CSR 10–6.110, ‘‘Submission of
Emission Data, Emission Fees, and Process
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40 CFR Parts 52 and 81
[EPA–OAR–2005–AL–0003–200608; FRL–
8169–4]
Approval and Promulgation of
Implementation Plans and Designation
of Areas for Air Quality Planning
Purposes; Alabama; Redesignation of
the Birmingham, AL 8-Hour Ozone
Nonattainment Area to Attainment for
Ozone
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
AGENCY:
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5/12/06 [insert FR page number where the document begins].
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Section (3)(D), Emission Fees,
has not been approved as
part of the SIP
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ACTION:
Final rule.
SUMMARY: EPA is approving a request,
submitted in draft on November 16,
2005, and in final on January 27, 2006,
through the Alabama Department of
Environmental Management (ADEM), to
redesignate the Birmingham 8-hour
ozone nonattainment area (Birmingham
area) to attainment for the 8-hour ozone
National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS). The Birmingham area is
composed of two counties, Jefferson and
Shelby. EPA’s approval of the
redesignation request is based on the
determination that the Birmingham area
and the State of Alabama have met the
criteria for redesignation to attainment
set forth in the Clean Air Act (CAA),
including the determination that the
Birmingham area has attained the 8hour ozone standard. Additionally, EPA
is approving an Alabama State
Implementation Plan (SIP) revision
containing a maintenance plan with a
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2017 end year for the Birmingham area
and approving the new Motor Vehicle
Emission Budgets (MVEBs) for the year
2017 that are contained in the
maintenance plan. This final rule also
addresses comments made on EPA’s
proposed rulemaking for this action,
previously published January 25, 2006
(71 FR 4077).
DATES: Effective Date: This rule will be
effective June 12, 2006.
ADDRESSES: EPA has established a
docket for this action under Docket
Identification No. EPA–OAR–2005–AL–
0003. All documents in the docket are
listed on the www.regulations.gov Web
site. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available,
i.e., Confidential Business Information
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material,
is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy
form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either
electronically through
www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at
the Regulatory Development Section,
Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and
Toxics Management Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street, SW.,
Atlanta, Georgia 30303–8960. EPA
requests that if at all possible, you
contact the person listed in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to
schedule your inspection. The Regional
Office’s official hours of business are
Monday through Friday, 8:30 to 4:30
excluding legal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Stacy DiFrank, Regulatory Development
Section, Air Planning Branch, Air,
Pesticides and Toxics Management
Division, Region 4, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 61 Forsyth Street,
SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303–8960. Ms.
DiFrank can be reached via telephone
number at (404) 562–9042 or electronic
mail at difrank.stacy@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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Table of Contents
I. What Is the Background for the Actions?
II. What Actions Is EPA Taking?
III. Why Are We Taking These Actions?
IV. What Are the Effects of These Actions?
V. Response to Comments
VI. Final Action
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. What Is the Background for the
Actions?
On November 16, 2005, the State of
Alabama submitted a request for parallel
processing to redesignate the
Birmingham area to attainment for the
8-hour ozone standard, and for EPA
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approval of an Alabama draft SIP
revision containing a maintenance plan.
On January 27, 2006, the State
submitted its final adopted SIP revision
and redesignation request. In an action
published on January 25, 2006 (71 FR
4077), EPA proposed to approve the
redesignation of the Birmingham area to
attainment. EPA also proposed approval
of the State’s plan for maintaining the 8hour ozone NAAQS as a SIP revision,
and proposed to approve the MVEBs for
the Birmingham area contained in the
maintenance plan.
This rule is EPA’s final action on the
January 25, 2006, proposed rule. Since
the final, State-adopted SIP revision
request is substantially the same as that
submitted for parallel processing by
EPA and contains no significant
revisions, we will not publish an
additional proposed rule on this State
submittal.
During the comment period for EPA’s
proposal, one commenter submitted
adverse comments. EPA is addressing
these comments in this action, and is
taking final action as described in
section II and section V.
EPA is also providing information on
the status of the Agency’s transportation
conformity adequacy determination for
the new MVEBs for the year 2017 that
are contained in the maintenance plan
for the Birmingham area. The
maintenance plan establishes MVEBs
for the year 2017 of 23 tons per day
(tpd) for volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and 42 tpd for nitrogen oxides
(NOX). EPA’s adequacy public comment
period on these budgets began on
November 17, 2005, and closed on
December 19, 2005. No comments were
received during EPA’s adequacy public
comment period.
Consequently, in a letter dated
February 2, 2006, to Ron Gore, Chief of
the Air Division for ADEM, EPA
informed the State of its intention to
find the new 2017 MVEBs for VOC and
NOX adequate for transportation
conformity purposes. Subsequently, in a
Federal Register notice dated February
23, 2006 (71 FR 9332), EPA found the
2017 MVEBs adequate. These MVEBs
meet the adequacy criteria contained in
the Transportation Conformity Rule.
The new 2017 MVEBs are thus currently
being used for transportation conformity
determinations.
II. What Actions Is EPA Taking?
After consideration of the comments
received in response to the January 25,
2006, proposed rule, as described in
Section III below, and the State’s final
adopted SIP revision and supporting
material reviewed in draft form in the
proposed rule, EPA is taking final action
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to approve the State’s redesignation
request and to change the legal
designation of the Birmingham area
from nonattainment to attainment for
the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. The
Birmingham area is composed of two
counties, Jefferson and Shelby. EPA is
also approving Alabama’s 8-hour ozone
maintenance plan for Jefferson and
Shelby Counties (such approval being
one of the CAA criteria for redesignation
to attainment status). The maintenance
plan is designed to help keep the
Birmingham area in attainment for the
8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2017.
These approval actions are based on
EPA’s determination that Alabama has
demonstrated that the Birmingham area
has met the criteria for redesignation to
attainment specified in the CAA,
including the demonstration that the
Birmingham area has attained the 8hour ozone standard. EPA’s analyses of
the Birmingham 8-hour ozone
redesignation request and maintenance
plan are described in detail in the
proposed rule published January 25,
2006 (71 FR 4077).
In this action, EPA is also approving
the MVEBs. For regional emission
analysis years that involve the year 2017
or beyond, the applicable budget for the
purpose of conducting transportation
conformity analysis are the new 2017
MVEBs. EPA determined that the 2017
MVEBs are adequate through a previous
action. EPA is approving such MVEBs
in this action.
Additionally, in this action, EPA is
responding to the adverse comments
received on the January 25, 2006 (71 FR
4077), rulemaking proposing to approve
the redesignation request and the
maintenance plan SIP revision.
III. Why Are We Taking These Actions?
EPA has determined that the
Birmingham area has attained the 8hour ozone standard and has also
determined that the State of Alabama
has demonstrated that all other criteria
for the redesignation of the Birmingham
area from nonattainment to attainment
of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS have been
met. See section 107(d)(3)(E) of the
CAA. EPA is also fully approving the
maintenance plan for the Birmingham
area as meeting the requirements of
sections 175A and 107(d) of the CAA. In
the January 25, 2006, proposed
rulemaking, EPA described the
applicable criteria for redesignation to
attainment and its analysis of how those
criteria have been met. The rationale for
EPA’s findings and actions is set forth
in the proposed rulemaking and in this
rulemaking.
In our January 25, 2006, proposed
rulemaking, we proposed to approve the
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redesignation of the Birmingham area
and the maintenance plan through
parallel processing. Such parallel
rulemaking can be completed through
final rulemaking without additional
proposed rulemaking if a state has made
a final submittal of adopted plans that
do not significantly differ from the
versions described and reviewed by
EPA in its proposed rulemaking. The
State of Alabama has provided a final
submittal that does not significantly
differ from the draft submittal described
and reviewed in the notice of proposed
rulemaking. Therefore, we believe that
the public has had suitable opportunity
to comment on the substance of our
proposed rule and today’s final rule,
and that EPA may properly proceed
with final action on the State’s
submittal.
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IV. What Are the Effects of These
Actions?
Approval of the redesignation request
changes the official designation of the
Birmingham area for the 8-hour ozone
NAAQS found at 40 CFR part 81. It also
incorporates into the Alabama SIP a
plan for maintaining the 8-hour ozone
NAAQS in the area through 2017. The
maintenance plan includes contingency
measures to remedy future violations of
the 8-hour ozone NAAQS and
establishes MVEBs for the year 2017 for
the Birmingham area.
V. Response to Comments
EPA received comments from one
individual commenter. The following is
a summary of the adverse comments
received on the proposed rule published
January 25, 2006 (71 FR 4077), and
EPA’s response to the comments.
Comment: The commenter expresses
concern about alleged violators of
environmental regulations and about
ADEM’s enforcement response to
alleged violators in Jefferson and Shelby
Counties.
Response: The CAA establishes a
cooperative arrangement between EPA
and the states for the attainment and
maintenance of national air quality
goals. Under that arrangement, EPA and
the states share concurrent enforcement
responsibility over SIPs, permits issued
pursuant to SIP-approved programs,
permits issued under title V of the CAA,
and other delegated CAA regulatory
requirements. To obtain EPA’s approval
of the various permit programs in its SIP
and under title V (the operating permit
program), Alabama has previously
demonstrated to EPA that it has
adequate resources and authority to
enforce permits issued pursuant to these
programs, including permits for sources
in Jefferson and Shelby Counties.
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With regard to this redesignation
action, the commenter has presented no
information or data suggesting that any
alleged noncompliance with
environmental regulations or any
alleged failure of ADEM to enforce
violations of air permits has impacted or
will impact the Birmingham area’s
attainment and maintenance of the 8hour ozone NAAQS or otherwise affect
the appropriateness of the area’s
redesignation. Under the CAA,
nonattainment areas may be
redesignated to attainment if sufficient,
complete, quality-assured data is
available for the Administrator to
determine that the area has attained the
NAAQS and the area meets the other
CAA redesignation requirements in
section 107(d)(3)(E). As detailed in the
proposed rule, EPA has determined that
the Birmingham area has attained the 8hour ozone NAAQS and that the area
meets the other CAA redesignation
requirements.
Comment: The commenter did not
understand why new sources of
pollution could move into an area
regardless of its designation status and
asked who reviews those new sources
and whether such reviews are only done
for new sources in nonattainment areas.
Response: The CAA provides for
review of new sources located in both
attainment and nonattainment areas.
These new sources are subject to a
preconstruction new source review
(NSR) process to ensure that emissions
will not impact air quality in that area.
In attainment areas, NSR assures that
new emissions do not significantly
worsen air quality. In nonattainment
areas, NSR assures that new emissions
do not slow progress toward cleaner air.
The CAA’s NSR requirements are
contained in section 110(a)(2)(C), part C
of title I (attainment NSR provisions),
and part D of title I (nonattainment NSR
provisions). The CAA requires SIPs to
contain provisions implementing both
the attainment and nonattainment NSR
programs. Under either NSR program,
the state is the permitting authority and
issues the permits as appropriate. EPA’s
role is one of oversight. Alabama’s EPAapproved SIP contains provisions
implementing these NSR requirements
and, pursuant to those provisions,
ADEM conducts NSR for new sources
which locate in attainment as well as
nonattainment areas.
The NSR programs assure people that
any large new (or modified) industrial
source in their neighborhoods will be as
clean as possible, and that advances in
pollution control occur concurrently
with industrial expansion. Under part D
of title I of the CAA, new major
stationary sources in nonattainment
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areas must obtain a nonattainment NSR
permit, install control technology
representing the lowest achievable
emissions rate (LAER), and obtain
emissions offsets. Under part C of title
I of the CAA, new major stationary
sources in attainment areas are subject
to the Prevention of Significant
Deterioration (PSD) preconstruction
permitting program which requires the
installation of best available control
technology (BACT) and a demonstration
that the new source will not cause or
contribute to a violation of a NAAQS or
PSD air quality growth increment. The
applicability of the PSD program to a
particular source must be determined in
advance of construction and is
pollutant-specific. Once a source is
determined to be subject to PSD, it must
undertake a series of analyses to
demonstrate that it will meet BACT and
will not cause or contribute to a
violation of any NAAQS or to an
incremental ambient pollutant
concentration increase.
New major sources located in an area
redesignated from nonattainment to
attainment status become subject to NSR
requirements under part C (attainment
NSR) instead of NSR requirements
under part D (nonattainment NSR). In
addition, for an area to be redesignated
to attainment status, it must have an
EPA-approved maintenance plan that
demonstrates that the area will continue
to maintain clean air. For the
Birmingham area, Alabama’s approved
maintenance plan demonstrates that,
after taking into account population and
economic growth, the area will continue
to maintain clean air for the next eleven
years.
Comment: The commenter asks that
no more ‘‘polluters’’ be allowed in the
‘‘areas where the pollution is not legal’’
and states that the pollution is ‘‘illegal’’
when the counties do not report
monitoring every day of the year. The
commenter states that EPA’s ‘‘total
pollution data is incomplete per
Scorecard.org.’’ and that Shelby County
did not report data for 365 days in 2002
as did Jefferson County. The commenter
wants to know why monitoring was not
done for total pollution every single day
of the year, and believes that ADEM ‘‘is
not doing the job’’ because it only
reports part of the yearly total pollution
level amounts.
Response: First, EPA believes that the
commenter misunderstands the impact
of a nonattainment designation on new
sources. As stated in the Response
above, new major sources can locate in
nonattainment areas as long as they
comply with the nonattainment NSR
requirements of part D of the CAA and
the Alabama SIP. As for monitoring total
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pollution every day of the year, EPA
notes that this rulemaking action
addresses only the status of the
Birmingham area with respect to the 8hour ozone standard, and therefore the
levels of other pollutants are not
relevant to this rulemaking.
Data completeness is reviewed and
considered in the determination that the
area has met the NAAQS for 8-hour
ozone. Ozone is formed when certain
precursor pollutants (VOC and NOX)
combine in the presence of heat and
sunlight. As a result, ozone is a seasonal
pollutant with elevated levels during
warmer months. While ozone is present
year round, elevated levels that have a
potential impact on public health occur
during the ‘‘ozone season.’’ The ozone
season is determined for each state
based on actual historical monitored
data to determine the appropriate
duration of this seasonal period. EPA’s
monitoring requirements specify that
the pollutant be monitored only through
the ozone season, which for Alabama
(including the Birmingham area) is
March 1 through October 31 of each
year. ADEM has met these monitoring
requirements for 2003–2005. The
monitoring requirements are found at 40
CFR part 58. Alabama is at 95–100
percent data completeness for 2005,
which is well within the data
compliance requirement of 40 CFR part
58. All data entered into EPA’s air
quality monitoring database has been
quality assured consistent with EPA
requirements. We completed a thorough
review of the data during our review of
ADEM’s redesignation request and
believe the data to be complete, of high
quality, and accurate. ADEM’s submittal
met the requirements in the CAA and
EPA’s regulations for an area to
demonstrate attainment.
States can elect to operate monitors
for periods outside the ozone season for
a number of reasons. In fact, one
monitor in Jefferson County does
operate year round. There are two
reasons for the 12-month operation: (1)
Jefferson County Department of Health
is attempting to have the site designated
as a ‘‘Super Site,’’ which will be
designated under new proposed
regulations found in 40 CFR part 58 and
which will monitor many pollutants at
the same site. EPA requires that in order
for the site to be designated as such, the
monitor must operate year round; and
(2) the North Birmingham ozone
monitor operates year round to assist
Atmospheric Research and Analysis
(ARA) in its operation of their ozone
monitor at the same site. ARA then uses
the data collected year round in order to
understand variability of the oxidation
state of the atmosphere. While data that
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is most relevant is collected during the
ozone season, concentrations at other
times provide information about
photochemical oxidation rates.
Comment: The commenter states that
‘‘We have no choice but to continue to
breathe horrific deadly air and nothing
is being done by the EPA to get it
cleaned up* * *’’
Response: EPA has determined that
the Birmingham area has attained the 8hour ozone standard based on the three
most recent years of monitoring data.
This action addresses only the 8-hour
ozone standard, which the area has been
shown to attain. EPA and ADEM have
implemented a number of programs that
have resulted in reduced local NOX and
VOC emissions and that have brought
the area into attainment for ozone
during 2003–2005. The programs
include the following:
• The Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP)
Control Program—gasoline sold from
June 1st until September 15th of each
year in Jefferson and Shelby Counties
was required to have a RVP no greater
than 7.0 pounds per square inch (psi).
This is lower than the standard of 9.0
psi and 7.8 psi used by other states.
• Since 2003, utility NOX controls
(including selective catalytic reduction
and low NOX burners) on Alabama
Power Company plants Gorgas and
Miller have been required for the period
of May 1st to September 30th each year.
NOX emission limitations have been
established at 0.21 pounds per million
British thermal units (lb/mmBtu) for the
two plants, based on a rolling 30-day
average.
• Alabama’s NOX SIP Call established
a NOX budget from 2004 and beyond for
large industrial sources such as boilers,
turbines, and electric generating units
that are subject to the NOX SIP Call.
This emissions level is equivalent to
0.15 lb/mmBtu.
• EPA has instituted the National
Low Emissions Vehicles (NLEV)
program, which went into effect
nationally in 2001.
• EPA promulgated the Tier 2 Motor
Vehicle Emissions Standards and
Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements,
which took effect in 2004 and have
significantly lowered the sulfur content
of gasoline and NOX emissions from
mobile sources.
• EPA’s 2004 Heavy-Duty Highway
Engine Rule, which began with 2004
model year vehicles, and the
complementary 2007 Heavy-Duty Diesel
Rule, will reduce emissions from diesel
trucks and buses.
In addition, ADEM is currently
developing regulations that are designed
to bring the Birmingham area into
attainment for fine particulate matter
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(PM2.5) and help keep the area in
attainment for ozone. Jefferson County
alone has reduced point source NOX
emissions by 37 percent from 2002 to
2004, and will reduce them by 65
percent by 2017. The whole area has
reduced total NOX emissions by 22
percent from 2002 to 2004, and will
reduce them by 45 percent by 2017. See
71 FR 4082 (January 25, 2006). In the
future, NOX emissions from power
plants will be subject to EPA’s Clean Air
Interstate Rule (CAIR), 70 FR 53612
(May 12, 2005). Since Alabama is
covered by CAIR, sources within
Alabama that are subject to CAIR and to
the State’s rules that result from CAIR,
will remain subject to NOX emissions
budgets for the State.
Comment: The commenter questions
why citizens do not have ADEM
representation in Shelby and Jefferson
Counties.
Response: There is one SIP for
Alabama, which includes regulations for
Jefferson County. These regulations are
Federally enforceable. There is a local
Air Pollution Control Agency in the
Jefferson County Health Department,
which adopts and enforces regulations
for Jefferson County. ADEM is
responsible for all counties in Alabama
(including Jefferson and Shelby
Counties), but defers to the Jefferson
County Health Department to enforce
regulations in Jefferson County. The
request for redesignation from ADEM
addresses the entire 8-hour ozone
nonattainment area (both Jefferson and
Shelby Counties), and the maintenance
plan approved by this action covers the
both Counties.
Comment: The commenter is
concerned about the white fog in the air
and the subsequent property and health
effects.
Response: This issue is not relevant to
a redesignation of the area for the 8-hour
ozone standard, where the area has been
shown to be attaining the 8-hour ozone
standard. A number of pollutant sources
lead to the formation of fine
particulates, which can contribute to
haze or fog levels, and which are
addressed through the fine particulates
standards.
Comment: The commenter would like
to know what is being done regarding
emissions from automobiles as
communities continue to grow, and how
EPA plans to keep the air within legal
limits.
Response: Transportation conformity
is a CAA requirement for nonattainment
areas as well as for areas that were
previously nonattainment but were
redesignated to attainment with a
maintenance plan (maintenance areas).
In nonattainment and maintenance
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areas, emissions from transportation
activities (i.e., automobiles) must be
shown to be under an emissions cap
that is established in the air quality plan
before they can be funded or approved.
The 8-hour ozone maintenance plan
associated with this redesignation
request has an emissions cap which is
also known as a MVEB.
Transportation conformity for the 8hour ozone standard for the
Birmingham area was demonstrated in
2005 and 2006. The transportation
conformity determination that was
prepared by the Birmingham
Metropolitan Planning Organization
shows a downward trend in emissions
from transportation activities (including
automobiles) from the present through
the year 2030. For example, mobile
emissions between 2009 and 2030 for
the ozone precursor, VOC, will decrease
from 23.79 tons per summer day to
15.38 tons per summer day. Likewise,
mobile emissions between 2009 and
2030 for the ozone precursor, NOX, will
decrease from 38.71 tons per summer
day to 15.56 tons per summer day. This
downward trend in mobile emissions is
also represented in the emission
projections included in the maintenance
plan. Additionally, there are Federal,
State, and local programs which will
benefit air quality in the Birmingham
area by reducing emissions from
automobiles. The State of Alabama is
currently implementing a Reid Vapor
Pressure control program for gasoline
sold in Jefferson and Shelby Counties.
In addition, the Federal Tier 2 Motor
Vehicle Emissions Standards and
Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements
in 2004 and the 2007 Heavy-Duty Diesel
Rule, both described in a previous
Response above, will also contribute to
maintaining the 8-hour ozone standard
in the Birmingham area. The phase-in of
these programs is, and will continue, to
result in reductions in emissions as
newer vehicles replace older, higherpolluting vehicles. Additionally, the
maintenance plan included in the
redesignation request demonstrates that
emissions will stay well below
attainment levels, and in fact will
decrease over time.
Comment: The commenter expressed
concern regarding reporting
requirements for toxic chemicals in
Alabama and alleged water pollution
from a facility in Pelham, Alabama. The
commenter also requested EPA
assistance in promoting hydrogen fuel.
Response: This action only addresses
redesignation and attainment for the 8hour ozone standard, thus, the issues
raised by the commenter are outside the
scope of action for this rulemaking. This
rulemaking does not address emissions
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or reporting requirements for other
pollutants, however, sources remain
subject to the statutory and regulatory
requirements governing those
pollutants.
VI. Final Action
After evaluating Alabama’s
redesignation request and the comments
received, EPA is taking final action to
approve the redesignation and change
the legal designation of the Birmingham
area from nonattainment to attainment
for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. Through
this action, EPA is also approving into
the Alabama SIP, the 8-hour ozone
maintenance plan for Jefferson and
Shelby Counties, which includes the
new 2017 MVEBs of 23 tpd for VOC,
and 42 tpd for NOX.
VII. Statutory and Executive Order
Reviews
Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR
51735, October 4, 1993), this action is
not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ and
therefore is not subject to review by the
Office of Management and Budget. For
this reason, this action is also not
subject to Executive Order 13211,
‘‘Actions Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355, May
22, 2001). This action merely approves
state law as meeting Federal
requirements and imposes no additional
requirements beyond those imposed by
state law. Accordingly, the
Administrator certifies that this rule
will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small
entities under the Regulatory Flexibility
Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Because this
rule approves pre-existing requirements
under state law and does not impose
any additional enforceable duty beyond
that required by state law, it does not
contain any unfunded mandate or
significantly or uniquely affect small
governments, as described in the
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
(Pub. L. 104–4).
This rule also does not have tribal
implications because it will not have a
substantial direct effect on one or more
Indian tribes, on the relationship
between the Federal Government and
Indian tribes, or on the distribution of
power and responsibilities between the
Federal Government and Indian tribes,
as specified by Executive Order 13175
(65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This
action also does not have Federalism
implications because it does not have
substantial direct effects on the states,
on the relationship between the
National Government and the States, or
on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
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27635
levels of government, as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255,
August 10, 1999). This action merely
affects the status of a geographical area,
does not impose any new requirements
on sources or allow a state to avoid
adopting or implementing other
requirements, and does not alter the
relationship or the distribution of power
and responsibilities established in the
Clean Air Act. This rule also is not
subject to Executive Order 13045
‘‘Protection of Children from
Environmental Health Risks and Safety
Risks’’ (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997),
because it is not economically
significant and because the Agency does
not have reason to believe that the rule
concerns an environmental health risk
or safety risk that may
disproportionately affect children.
In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA’s
role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of
the Clean Air Act. In this context, in the
absence of a prior existing requirement
for the State to use voluntary consensus
standards (VCS), EPA has no authority
to disapprove a SIP submission for
failure to use VCS. It would thus be
inconsistent with applicable law for
EPA, when it reviews a SIP submission,
to use VCS in place of a SIP submission
that otherwise satisfies the provisions of
the Clean Air Act. Thus, the
requirements of section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C.
272 note) do not apply. This rule does
not impose an information collection
burden under the provisions of the
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq.).
The Congressional Review Act, 5
U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996, generally provides
that before a rule may take effect, the
agency promulgating the rule must
submit a rule report, which includes a
copy of the rule, to each House of the
Congress and to the Comptroller General
of the United States. EPA will submit a
report containing this rule and other
required information to the U.S. Senate,
the U.S. House of Representatives, and
the Comptroller General of the United
States prior to publication of the rule in
the Federal Register. A major rule
cannot take effect until 60 days after it
is published in the Federal Register.
This action is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as
defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean
Air Act, petitions for judicial review of
this action must be filed in the United
States Court of Appeals for the
appropriate circuit by July 11, 2006.
Filing a petition for reconsideration by
E:\FR\FM\12MYR1.SGM
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27636
Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 92 / Friday, May 12, 2006 / Rules and Regulations
the Administrator of this final rule does
not affect the finality of this rule for the
purposes of judicial review nor does it
extend the time within which a petition
for judicial review may be filed, and
shall not postpone the effectiveness of
such rule or action. This action may not
be challenged later in proceedings to
enforce its requirements. (See section
307(b)(2).)
Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic
compounds.
PART 52—[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 52
continues to read as follows:
I
40 CFR Part 81
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, National parks,
Wilderness areas.
Subpart B—Alabama
40 CFR Part 52
2. Section 52.50(e) is amended by
adding a new entry at the end of the
table for ‘‘8-Hour Ozone Maintenance
plan for the Birmingham area’’ to read
as follows:
40 CFR part 52 and 81 is amended as
follows:
List of Subjects
Dated: May 3, 2006.
A. Stanley Meiburg,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 4.
§ 52.50
I
I
Environmental protection, Air
pollution control, Intergovernmental
relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone,
*
Identification of plan
*
*
(e) * * *
*
*
EPA-APPROVED ALABAMA NON-REGULATORY PROVISIONS
Name of nonregulatory
SIP provision
State submittal
date/effective
date
Applicable geographic or
nonattainment area
*
*
8-Hour Ozone Maintenance plan
for the Birmingham area.
*
Jefferson County
County.
*
and
Shelby
01/26/06
EPA
approval
date
*
*
05/12/06 [Insert citation of publication].
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
PART 81—[AMENDED]
*
‘‘Birmingham, Alabama: Jefferson and
Shelby County’’ to read as follows:
2. In § 81.301, the table entitled
‘‘Alabama-Ozone (8–Hour Standard)’’ is
amended by revising the entry for
I
1. The authority citation for part 81
continues to read as follows:
I
Explanation
§ 81.301
*
*
Alabama.
*
*
*
ALABAMA-OZONE (8-HOUR STANDARD)
Designation a
Category/classification
Designated area
Date 1
Birmingham, AL:
Jefferson County ......................................................................................
Shelby County ..........................................................................................
*
*
*
06/12/06
06/12/06
*
Date 1
Type
Type
Attainment
Attainment
*
*
*
a Includes
1 This
Indian Country located in each county or area, except as otherwise specified.
date is June 15, 2004, unless otherwise noted.
Interim rule with request for
comments.
ACTION:
[FR Doc. 06–4435 Filed 5–11–06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
GENERAL SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION
41 CFR Part 102–34
[FMR Amendment 2006–03; FMR Case
2006–102–1]
jlentini on PROD1PC65 with RULES
RIN 3090–AH68
Federal Management Regulation;
Motor Vehicle Management
Office of Governmentwide
Policy, General Services Administration
(GSA).
AGENCY:
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16:08 May 11, 2006
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SUMMARY: The General Services
Administration (GSA) is amending the
Federal Management Regulation (FMR)
by updating requirements and
information on motor vehicle
management. This interim rule makes
changes to vehicle identification
requirements. Specifically, it allows
agencies to have limited identification
exemptions for motor vehicles that are
regularly used for common
administrative purposes. Some agencies
have expressed a need to exempt even
their administrative vehicles from
displaying Government identification
for situations with specifically
identified security risks. Agencies will
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still need to have a certification of need
signed by the agency head or designee
before authorizing limited identification
exceptions.
This interim rule provides
information for obtaining U.S.
Government license plates from
UNICOR, Federal Prison Industries Inc.,
the current license plate supplier. This
interim rule further updates Federal
motor vehicle management regulations
by replacing the requirement for
agencies to provide certain motor
vehicle information to GSA on the
Standard Form 82 with the requirement
to use the Federal Automotive
Statistical Tool (FAST), an Internetbased reporting tool.
This interim rule also requires
agencies to have an agency-wide fleet
E:\FR\FM\12MYR1.SGM
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 71, Number 92 (Friday, May 12, 2006)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 27631-27636]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 06-4435]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 52 and 81
[EPA-OAR-2005-AL-0003-200608; FRL-8169-4]
Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation
of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; Alabama; Redesignation of
the Birmingham, AL 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area to Attainment for
Ozone
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: EPA is approving a request, submitted in draft on November 16,
2005, and in final on January 27, 2006, through the Alabama Department
of Environmental Management (ADEM), to redesignate the Birmingham 8-
hour ozone nonattainment area (Birmingham area) to attainment for the
8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). The
Birmingham area is composed of two counties, Jefferson and Shelby.
EPA's approval of the redesignation request is based on the
determination that the Birmingham area and the State of Alabama have
met the criteria for redesignation to attainment set forth in the Clean
Air Act (CAA), including the determination that the Birmingham area has
attained the 8-hour ozone standard. Additionally, EPA is approving an
Alabama State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a
maintenance plan with a
[[Page 27632]]
2017 end year for the Birmingham area and approving the new Motor
Vehicle Emission Budgets (MVEBs) for the year 2017 that are contained
in the maintenance plan. This final rule also addresses comments made
on EPA's proposed rulemaking for this action, previously published
January 25, 2006 (71 FR 4077).
DATES: Effective Date: This rule will be effective June 12, 2006.
ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket
Identification No. EPA-OAR-2005-AL-0003. All documents in the docket
are listed on the www.regulations.gov Web site. Although listed in the
index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., Confidential
Business Information or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted
material, is not placed on the Internet and will be publicly available
only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are
available either electronically through www.regulations.gov or in hard
copy at the Regulatory Development Section, Air Planning Branch, Air,
Pesticides and Toxics Management Division, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia
30303-8960. EPA requests that if at all possible, you contact the
person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to
schedule your inspection. The Regional Office's official hours of
business are Monday through Friday, 8:30 to 4:30 excluding legal
holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stacy DiFrank, Regulatory Development
Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management
Division, Region 4, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 61 Forsyth
Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. Ms. DiFrank can be reached
via telephone number at (404) 562-9042 or electronic mail at
difrank.stacy@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. What Is the Background for the Actions?
II. What Actions Is EPA Taking?
III. Why Are We Taking These Actions?
IV. What Are the Effects of These Actions?
V. Response to Comments
VI. Final Action
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. What Is the Background for the Actions?
On November 16, 2005, the State of Alabama submitted a request for
parallel processing to redesignate the Birmingham area to attainment
for the 8-hour ozone standard, and for EPA approval of an Alabama draft
SIP revision containing a maintenance plan. On January 27, 2006, the
State submitted its final adopted SIP revision and redesignation
request. In an action published on January 25, 2006 (71 FR 4077), EPA
proposed to approve the redesignation of the Birmingham area to
attainment. EPA also proposed approval of the State's plan for
maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS as a SIP revision, and proposed to
approve the MVEBs for the Birmingham area contained in the maintenance
plan.
This rule is EPA's final action on the January 25, 2006, proposed
rule. Since the final, State-adopted SIP revision request is
substantially the same as that submitted for parallel processing by EPA
and contains no significant revisions, we will not publish an
additional proposed rule on this State submittal.
During the comment period for EPA's proposal, one commenter
submitted adverse comments. EPA is addressing these comments in this
action, and is taking final action as described in section II and
section V.
EPA is also providing information on the status of the Agency's
transportation conformity adequacy determination for the new MVEBs for
the year 2017 that are contained in the maintenance plan for the
Birmingham area. The maintenance plan establishes MVEBs for the year
2017 of 23 tons per day (tpd) for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
42 tpd for nitrogen oxides (NOX). EPA's adequacy public
comment period on these budgets began on November 17, 2005, and closed
on December 19, 2005. No comments were received during EPA's adequacy
public comment period.
Consequently, in a letter dated February 2, 2006, to Ron Gore,
Chief of the Air Division for ADEM, EPA informed the State of its
intention to find the new 2017 MVEBs for VOC and NOX
adequate for transportation conformity purposes. Subsequently, in a
Federal Register notice dated February 23, 2006 (71 FR 9332), EPA found
the 2017 MVEBs adequate. These MVEBs meet the adequacy criteria
contained in the Transportation Conformity Rule. The new 2017 MVEBs are
thus currently being used for transportation conformity determinations.
II. What Actions Is EPA Taking?
After consideration of the comments received in response to the
January 25, 2006, proposed rule, as described in Section III below, and
the State's final adopted SIP revision and supporting material reviewed
in draft form in the proposed rule, EPA is taking final action to
approve the State's redesignation request and to change the legal
designation of the Birmingham area from nonattainment to attainment for
the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. The Birmingham area is composed of two
counties, Jefferson and Shelby. EPA is also approving Alabama's 8-hour
ozone maintenance plan for Jefferson and Shelby Counties (such approval
being one of the CAA criteria for redesignation to attainment status).
The maintenance plan is designed to help keep the Birmingham area in
attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2017. These approval
actions are based on EPA's determination that Alabama has demonstrated
that the Birmingham area has met the criteria for redesignation to
attainment specified in the CAA, including the demonstration that the
Birmingham area has attained the 8-hour ozone standard. EPA's analyses
of the Birmingham 8-hour ozone redesignation request and maintenance
plan are described in detail in the proposed rule published January 25,
2006 (71 FR 4077).
In this action, EPA is also approving the MVEBs. For regional
emission analysis years that involve the year 2017 or beyond, the
applicable budget for the purpose of conducting transportation
conformity analysis are the new 2017 MVEBs. EPA determined that the
2017 MVEBs are adequate through a previous action. EPA is approving
such MVEBs in this action.
Additionally, in this action, EPA is responding to the adverse
comments received on the January 25, 2006 (71 FR 4077), rulemaking
proposing to approve the redesignation request and the maintenance plan
SIP revision.
III. Why Are We Taking These Actions?
EPA has determined that the Birmingham area has attained the 8-hour
ozone standard and has also determined that the State of Alabama has
demonstrated that all other criteria for the redesignation of the
Birmingham area from nonattainment to attainment of the 8-hour ozone
NAAQS have been met. See section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. EPA is also
fully approving the maintenance plan for the Birmingham area as meeting
the requirements of sections 175A and 107(d) of the CAA. In the January
25, 2006, proposed rulemaking, EPA described the applicable criteria
for redesignation to attainment and its analysis of how those criteria
have been met. The rationale for EPA's findings and actions is set
forth in the proposed rulemaking and in this rulemaking.
In our January 25, 2006, proposed rulemaking, we proposed to
approve the
[[Page 27633]]
redesignation of the Birmingham area and the maintenance plan through
parallel processing. Such parallel rulemaking can be completed through
final rulemaking without additional proposed rulemaking if a state has
made a final submittal of adopted plans that do not significantly
differ from the versions described and reviewed by EPA in its proposed
rulemaking. The State of Alabama has provided a final submittal that
does not significantly differ from the draft submittal described and
reviewed in the notice of proposed rulemaking. Therefore, we believe
that the public has had suitable opportunity to comment on the
substance of our proposed rule and today's final rule, and that EPA may
properly proceed with final action on the State's submittal.
IV. What Are the Effects of These Actions?
Approval of the redesignation request changes the official
designation of the Birmingham area for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS found at
40 CFR part 81. It also incorporates into the Alabama SIP a plan for
maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the area through 2017. The
maintenance plan includes contingency measures to remedy future
violations of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS and establishes MVEBs for the year
2017 for the Birmingham area.
V. Response to Comments
EPA received comments from one individual commenter. The following
is a summary of the adverse comments received on the proposed rule
published January 25, 2006 (71 FR 4077), and EPA's response to the
comments.
Comment: The commenter expresses concern about alleged violators of
environmental regulations and about ADEM's enforcement response to
alleged violators in Jefferson and Shelby Counties.
Response: The CAA establishes a cooperative arrangement between EPA
and the states for the attainment and maintenance of national air
quality goals. Under that arrangement, EPA and the states share
concurrent enforcement responsibility over SIPs, permits issued
pursuant to SIP-approved programs, permits issued under title V of the
CAA, and other delegated CAA regulatory requirements. To obtain EPA's
approval of the various permit programs in its SIP and under title V
(the operating permit program), Alabama has previously demonstrated to
EPA that it has adequate resources and authority to enforce permits
issued pursuant to these programs, including permits for sources in
Jefferson and Shelby Counties.
With regard to this redesignation action, the commenter has
presented no information or data suggesting that any alleged
noncompliance with environmental regulations or any alleged failure of
ADEM to enforce violations of air permits has impacted or will impact
the Birmingham area's attainment and maintenance of the 8-hour ozone
NAAQS or otherwise affect the appropriateness of the area's
redesignation. Under the CAA, nonattainment areas may be redesignated
to attainment if sufficient, complete, quality-assured data is
available for the Administrator to determine that the area has attained
the NAAQS and the area meets the other CAA redesignation requirements
in section 107(d)(3)(E). As detailed in the proposed rule, EPA has
determined that the Birmingham area has attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS
and that the area meets the other CAA redesignation requirements.
Comment: The commenter did not understand why new sources of
pollution could move into an area regardless of its designation status
and asked who reviews those new sources and whether such reviews are
only done for new sources in nonattainment areas.
Response: The CAA provides for review of new sources located in
both attainment and nonattainment areas. These new sources are subject
to a preconstruction new source review (NSR) process to ensure that
emissions will not impact air quality in that area. In attainment
areas, NSR assures that new emissions do not significantly worsen air
quality. In nonattainment areas, NSR assures that new emissions do not
slow progress toward cleaner air. The CAA's NSR requirements are
contained in section 110(a)(2)(C), part C of title I (attainment NSR
provisions), and part D of title I (nonattainment NSR provisions). The
CAA requires SIPs to contain provisions implementing both the
attainment and nonattainment NSR programs. Under either NSR program,
the state is the permitting authority and issues the permits as
appropriate. EPA's role is one of oversight. Alabama's EPA-approved SIP
contains provisions implementing these NSR requirements and, pursuant
to those provisions, ADEM conducts NSR for new sources which locate in
attainment as well as nonattainment areas.
The NSR programs assure people that any large new (or modified)
industrial source in their neighborhoods will be as clean as possible,
and that advances in pollution control occur concurrently with
industrial expansion. Under part D of title I of the CAA, new major
stationary sources in nonattainment areas must obtain a nonattainment
NSR permit, install control technology representing the lowest
achievable emissions rate (LAER), and obtain emissions offsets. Under
part C of title I of the CAA, new major stationary sources in
attainment areas are subject to the Prevention of Significant
Deterioration (PSD) preconstruction permitting program which requires
the installation of best available control technology (BACT) and a
demonstration that the new source will not cause or contribute to a
violation of a NAAQS or PSD air quality growth increment. The
applicability of the PSD program to a particular source must be
determined in advance of construction and is pollutant-specific. Once a
source is determined to be subject to PSD, it must undertake a series
of analyses to demonstrate that it will meet BACT and will not cause or
contribute to a violation of any NAAQS or to an incremental ambient
pollutant concentration increase.
New major sources located in an area redesignated from
nonattainment to attainment status become subject to NSR requirements
under part C (attainment NSR) instead of NSR requirements under part D
(nonattainment NSR). In addition, for an area to be redesignated to
attainment status, it must have an EPA-approved maintenance plan that
demonstrates that the area will continue to maintain clean air. For the
Birmingham area, Alabama's approved maintenance plan demonstrates that,
after taking into account population and economic growth, the area will
continue to maintain clean air for the next eleven years.
Comment: The commenter asks that no more ``polluters'' be allowed
in the ``areas where the pollution is not legal'' and states that the
pollution is ``illegal'' when the counties do not report monitoring
every day of the year. The commenter states that EPA's ``total
pollution data is incomplete per Scorecard.org.'' and that Shelby
County did not report data for 365 days in 2002 as did Jefferson
County. The commenter wants to know why monitoring was not done for
total pollution every single day of the year, and believes that ADEM
``is not doing the job'' because it only reports part of the yearly
total pollution level amounts.
Response: First, EPA believes that the commenter misunderstands the
impact of a nonattainment designation on new sources. As stated in the
Response above, new major sources can locate in nonattainment areas as
long as they comply with the nonattainment NSR requirements of part D
of the CAA and the Alabama SIP. As for monitoring total
[[Page 27634]]
pollution every day of the year, EPA notes that this rulemaking action
addresses only the status of the Birmingham area with respect to the 8-
hour ozone standard, and therefore the levels of other pollutants are
not relevant to this rulemaking.
Data completeness is reviewed and considered in the determination
that the area has met the NAAQS for 8-hour ozone. Ozone is formed when
certain precursor pollutants (VOC and NOX) combine in the
presence of heat and sunlight. As a result, ozone is a seasonal
pollutant with elevated levels during warmer months. While ozone is
present year round, elevated levels that have a potential impact on
public health occur during the ``ozone season.'' The ozone season is
determined for each state based on actual historical monitored data to
determine the appropriate duration of this seasonal period. EPA's
monitoring requirements specify that the pollutant be monitored only
through the ozone season, which for Alabama (including the Birmingham
area) is March 1 through October 31 of each year. ADEM has met these
monitoring requirements for 2003-2005. The monitoring requirements are
found at 40 CFR part 58. Alabama is at 95-100 percent data completeness
for 2005, which is well within the data compliance requirement of 40
CFR part 58. All data entered into EPA's air quality monitoring
database has been quality assured consistent with EPA requirements. We
completed a thorough review of the data during our review of ADEM's
redesignation request and believe the data to be complete, of high
quality, and accurate. ADEM's submittal met the requirements in the CAA
and EPA's regulations for an area to demonstrate attainment.
States can elect to operate monitors for periods outside the ozone
season for a number of reasons. In fact, one monitor in Jefferson
County does operate year round. There are two reasons for the 12-month
operation: (1) Jefferson County Department of Health is attempting to
have the site designated as a ``Super Site,'' which will be designated
under new proposed regulations found in 40 CFR part 58 and which will
monitor many pollutants at the same site. EPA requires that in order
for the site to be designated as such, the monitor must operate year
round; and (2) the North Birmingham ozone monitor operates year round
to assist Atmospheric Research and Analysis (ARA) in its operation of
their ozone monitor at the same site. ARA then uses the data collected
year round in order to understand variability of the oxidation state of
the atmosphere. While data that is most relevant is collected during
the ozone season, concentrations at other times provide information
about photochemical oxidation rates.
Comment: The commenter states that ``We have no choice but to
continue to breathe horrific deadly air and nothing is being done by
the EPA to get it cleaned up* * *''
Response: EPA has determined that the Birmingham area has attained
the 8-hour ozone standard based on the three most recent years of
monitoring data. This action addresses only the 8-hour ozone standard,
which the area has been shown to attain. EPA and ADEM have implemented
a number of programs that have resulted in reduced local NOX
and VOC emissions and that have brought the area into attainment for
ozone during 2003-2005. The programs include the following:
The Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) Control Program--gasoline
sold from June 1st until September 15th of each year in Jefferson and
Shelby Counties was required to have a RVP no greater than 7.0 pounds
per square inch (psi). This is lower than the standard of 9.0 psi and
7.8 psi used by other states.
Since 2003, utility NOX controls (including
selective catalytic reduction and low NOX burners) on
Alabama Power Company plants Gorgas and Miller have been required for
the period of May 1st to September 30th each year. NOX
emission limitations have been established at 0.21 pounds per million
British thermal units (lb/mmBtu) for the two plants, based on a rolling
30-day average.
Alabama's NOX SIP Call established a
NOX budget from 2004 and beyond for large industrial sources
such as boilers, turbines, and electric generating units that are
subject to the NOX SIP Call. This emissions level is
equivalent to 0.15 lb/mmBtu.
EPA has instituted the National Low Emissions Vehicles
(NLEV) program, which went into effect nationally in 2001.
EPA promulgated the Tier 2 Motor Vehicle Emissions
Standards and Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements, which took effect
in 2004 and have significantly lowered the sulfur content of gasoline
and NOX emissions from mobile sources.
EPA's 2004 Heavy-Duty Highway Engine Rule, which began
with 2004 model year vehicles, and the complementary 2007 Heavy-Duty
Diesel Rule, will reduce emissions from diesel trucks and buses.
In addition, ADEM is currently developing regulations that are
designed to bring the Birmingham area into attainment for fine
particulate matter (PM2.5) and help keep the area in
attainment for ozone. Jefferson County alone has reduced point source
NOX emissions by 37 percent from 2002 to 2004, and will
reduce them by 65 percent by 2017. The whole area has reduced total
NOX emissions by 22 percent from 2002 to 2004, and will
reduce them by 45 percent by 2017. See 71 FR 4082 (January 25, 2006).
In the future, NOX emissions from power plants will be
subject to EPA's Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), 70 FR 53612 (May 12,
2005). Since Alabama is covered by CAIR, sources within Alabama that
are subject to CAIR and to the State's rules that result from CAIR,
will remain subject to NOX emissions budgets for the State.
Comment: The commenter questions why citizens do not have ADEM
representation in Shelby and Jefferson Counties.
Response: There is one SIP for Alabama, which includes regulations
for Jefferson County. These regulations are Federally enforceable.
There is a local Air Pollution Control Agency in the Jefferson County
Health Department, which adopts and enforces regulations for Jefferson
County. ADEM is responsible for all counties in Alabama (including
Jefferson and Shelby Counties), but defers to the Jefferson County
Health Department to enforce regulations in Jefferson County. The
request for redesignation from ADEM addresses the entire 8-hour ozone
nonattainment area (both Jefferson and Shelby Counties), and the
maintenance plan approved by this action covers the both Counties.
Comment: The commenter is concerned about the white fog in the air
and the subsequent property and health effects.
Response: This issue is not relevant to a redesignation of the area
for the 8-hour ozone standard, where the area has been shown to be
attaining the 8-hour ozone standard. A number of pollutant sources lead
to the formation of fine particulates, which can contribute to haze or
fog levels, and which are addressed through the fine particulates
standards.
Comment: The commenter would like to know what is being done
regarding emissions from automobiles as communities continue to grow,
and how EPA plans to keep the air within legal limits.
Response: Transportation conformity is a CAA requirement for
nonattainment areas as well as for areas that were previously
nonattainment but were redesignated to attainment with a maintenance
plan (maintenance areas). In nonattainment and maintenance
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areas, emissions from transportation activities (i.e., automobiles)
must be shown to be under an emissions cap that is established in the
air quality plan before they can be funded or approved. The 8-hour
ozone maintenance plan associated with this redesignation request has
an emissions cap which is also known as a MVEB.
Transportation conformity for the 8-hour ozone standard for the
Birmingham area was demonstrated in 2005 and 2006. The transportation
conformity determination that was prepared by the Birmingham
Metropolitan Planning Organization shows a downward trend in emissions
from transportation activities (including automobiles) from the present
through the year 2030. For example, mobile emissions between 2009 and
2030 for the ozone precursor, VOC, will decrease from 23.79 tons per
summer day to 15.38 tons per summer day. Likewise, mobile emissions
between 2009 and 2030 for the ozone precursor, NOX, will
decrease from 38.71 tons per summer day to 15.56 tons per summer day.
This downward trend in mobile emissions is also represented in the
emission projections included in the maintenance plan. Additionally,
there are Federal, State, and local programs which will benefit air
quality in the Birmingham area by reducing emissions from automobiles.
The State of Alabama is currently implementing a Reid Vapor Pressure
control program for gasoline sold in Jefferson and Shelby Counties. In
addition, the Federal Tier 2 Motor Vehicle Emissions Standards and
Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements in 2004 and the 2007 Heavy-Duty
Diesel Rule, both described in a previous Response above, will also
contribute to maintaining the 8-hour ozone standard in the Birmingham
area. The phase-in of these programs is, and will continue, to result
in reductions in emissions as newer vehicles replace older, higher-
polluting vehicles. Additionally, the maintenance plan included in the
redesignation request demonstrates that emissions will stay well below
attainment levels, and in fact will decrease over time.
Comment: The commenter expressed concern regarding reporting
requirements for toxic chemicals in Alabama and alleged water pollution
from a facility in Pelham, Alabama. The commenter also requested EPA
assistance in promoting hydrogen fuel.
Response: This action only addresses redesignation and attainment
for the 8-hour ozone standard, thus, the issues raised by the commenter
are outside the scope of action for this rulemaking. This rulemaking
does not address emissions or reporting requirements for other
pollutants, however, sources remain subject to the statutory and
regulatory requirements governing those pollutants.
VI. Final Action
After evaluating Alabama's redesignation request and the comments
received, EPA is taking final action to approve the redesignation and
change the legal designation of the Birmingham area from nonattainment
to attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. Through this action, EPA is
also approving into the Alabama SIP, the 8-hour ozone maintenance plan
for Jefferson and Shelby Counties, which includes the new 2017 MVEBs of
23 tpd for VOC, and 42 tpd for NOX.
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), this
action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' and therefore is not
subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget. For this
reason, this action is also not subject to Executive Order 13211,
``Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy
Supply, Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). This action
merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and imposes
no additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law.
Accordingly, the Administrator certifies that this rule will not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Because
this rule approves pre-existing requirements under state law and does
not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond that required by
state law, it does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4).
This rule also does not have tribal implications because it will
not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes, on
the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, or
on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal
Government and Indian tribes, as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65
FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This action also does not have Federalism
implications because it does not have substantial direct effects on the
states, on the relationship between the National Government and the
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64
FR 43255, August 10, 1999). This action merely affects the status of a
geographical area, does not impose any new requirements on sources or
allow a state to avoid adopting or implementing other requirements, and
does not alter the relationship or the distribution of power and
responsibilities established in the Clean Air Act. This rule also is
not subject to Executive Order 13045 ``Protection of Children from
Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23,
1997), because it is not economically significant and because the
Agency does not have reason to believe that the rule concerns an
environmental health risk or safety risk that may disproportionately
affect children.
In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. In
this context, in the absence of a prior existing requirement for the
State to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS), EPA has no authority
to disapprove a SIP submission for failure to use VCS. It would thus be
inconsistent with applicable law for EPA, when it reviews a SIP
submission, to use VCS in place of a SIP submission that otherwise
satisfies the provisions of the Clean Air Act. Thus, the requirements
of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. This rule does not
impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.).
The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule,
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other
required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C.
804(2).
Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act, petitions for
judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court
of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by July 11, 2006. Filing a
petition for reconsideration by
[[Page 27636]]
the Administrator of this final rule does not affect the finality of
this rule for the purposes of judicial review nor does it extend the
time within which a petition for judicial review may be filed, and
shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or action. This
action may not be challenged later in proceedings to enforce its
requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).)
List of Subjects
40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental
relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Volatile organic compounds.
40 CFR Part 81
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, National parks,
Wilderness areas.
Dated: May 3, 2006.
A. Stanley Meiburg,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 4.
0
40 CFR part 52 and 81 is amended as follows:
PART 52--[AMENDED]
0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Subpart B--Alabama
0
2. Section 52.50(e) is amended by adding a new entry at the end of the
table for ``8-Hour Ozone Maintenance plan for the Birmingham area'' to
read as follows:
Sec. 52.50 Identification of plan
* * * * *
(e) * * *
EPA-Approved Alabama Non-Regulatory Provisions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Applicable State submittal
Name of nonregulatory SIP geographic or date/effective EPA approval date Explanation
provision nonattainment area date
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
8-Hour Ozone Maintenance Jefferson County and 01/26/06 05/12/06 [Insert
plan for the Birmingham Shelby County. citation of
area. publication].
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART 81--[AMENDED]
0
1. The authority citation for part 81 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
0
2. In Sec. 81.301, the table entitled ``Alabama-Ozone (8-Hour
Standard)'' is amended by revising the entry for ``Birmingham, Alabama:
Jefferson and Shelby County'' to read as follows:
Sec. 81.301 Alabama.
* * * * *
Alabama-Ozone (8-Hour Standard)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Designation \a\ Category/classification
Designated area ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date \1\ Type Date \1\ Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Birmingham, AL:
Jefferson County.......... 06/12/06 Attainment
Shelby County............. 06/12/06 Attainment
* * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Includes Indian Country located in each county or area, except as otherwise specified.
\1\ This date is June 15, 2004, unless otherwise noted.
[FR Doc. 06-4435 Filed 5-11-06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P