Change in Minimum Quality and Handling Standards For Domestic and Imported Peanuts Marketed in the United States, 35562-35565 [05-12156]
Download as PDF
35562
Proposed Rules
Federal Register
Vol. 70, No. 118
Tuesday, June 21, 2005
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER
contains notices to the public of the proposed
issuance of rules and regulations. The
purpose of these notices is to give interested
persons an opportunity to participate in the
rule making prior to the adoption of the final
rules.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Agricultural Marketing Service
7 CFR Part 996
[Docket No. FV05–996–2PR]
Change in Minimum Quality and
Handling Standards For Domestic and
Imported Peanuts Marketed in the
United States
Agricultural Marketing Service,
USDA.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: This rule would change the
peanut quality and handling standards
(Standards) to require that domestic and
imported peanuts be dried to 18 percent
moisture or less prior to inspection and
to 10.49 percent or less prior to storing
or milling. Virginia-type peanuts used
for seed must be dried to 18 percent or
less prior to inspection and to 11.49
percent or less prior to storing or
milling. The Standards and the Peanut
Standards Board (Board) were
established by the Department of
Agriculture (USDA), pursuant to section
1308 of the Farm Security and Rural
Investment Act of 2002. The Board
suggested changing the peanut quality
and handling standards to allow
handlers and importers to receive or
acquire high moisture peanuts to
promote the development of new drying
technologies, increase efficiencies and
reduce costs to the industry.
DATES: Comments must be received by
July 6, 2005.
ADDRESSES: Interested persons are
invited to submit written comments
concerning this rule. Comments must be
sent to the Docket Clerk, Marketing
Order Administration Branch, Fruit and
Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400
Independence Avenue, SW., STOP
0237, Washington, DC 20250–0237; Fax:
(202) 720–8938, or E-mail:
moab.docketclerk@usda.gov or
www.regulations.gov. Comments should
reference the docket number and the
date and page number of this issue of
VerDate jul<14>2003
21:56 Jun 20, 2005
Jkt 205001
the Federal Register and will be made
available for public inspection in the
Office of the Docket Clerk during regular
business hours, or can be viewed at:
https://www.ams.usda.gov/fv/moab.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Dawana J. Clark or Kenneth G. Johnson,
DC Marketing Field Office, Marketing
Order Administration Branch, Fruit and
Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 4700
River Road, Unit 155, Riverdale,
Maryland 20737; telephone (301) 734–
5243, Fax: (301) 734–5275 or George J.
Kelhart, Technical Advisor, Marketing
Order Administration Branch, Fruit and
Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400
Independence Avenue, SW., Stop 0237,
Washington, DC 20250–0237; telephone
(202) 720–2491, Fax: (202) 720–8938; or
E-mail: dawana.clark@usda.gov,
kenneth.johnson@usda.gov or
george.kelhart@usda.gov.
Small businesses may request
information on complying with this rule
by contacting Jay Guerber, Marketing
Order Administration Branch, Fruit and
Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400
Independence Avenue, SW., STOP
0237, Washington, DC 20250–0237;
telephone: (202) 720–2491, Fax: (202)
720–8938, or e-mail:
jay.guerber@usda.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This
proposed rule is issued under section
1308 of the Farm Security and Rural
Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law
107–171), 7 U.S.C. 7958, hereinafter
referred to as the ‘‘Farm Bill.’’
This rule has been determined to be
not significant for purposes of Executive
Order 12866 and has not been reviewed
by the Office of Management and
Budget.
This rule has been reviewed under
Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice
Reform. This rule is not intended to
have retroactive effect. This rule will
not preempt any State or local laws,
regulations, or policies, unless they
present an irreconcilable conflict with
this rule.
There are no administrative
procedures which must be exhausted
prior to any judicial challenge to the
provisions of this rule.
Background
Section 1308 of the Farm Bill requires
that USDA take several actions with
regard to peanuts marketed in the
United States: Ensure mandatory
inspection on all peanuts marketed in
PO 00000
Frm 00001
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
the United States; establish the Board
comprised of producers and industry
representatives to advise USDA;
develop peanut quality and handling
standards; and modify those quality and
handling standards when needed. An
interim final rule was published in the
Federal Register (67 FR 57129) on
September 9, 2002, terminating the
previous peanut programs and
establishing standards in Part 996 to
insure the continued inspection of 2002
crop year peanuts and subsequent crop
year peanuts, 2001 crop year peanuts
not yet inspected, and 2001 crop year
failing peanuts that had not yet met
disposition standards. The initial Board
was selected and announced on
December 5, 2002. A final rule finalizing
the interim final rule was published in
the Federal Register (68 FR 1145) on
January 9, 2003, to continue requiring
all domestic and imported peanuts
marketed in the United States to be
handled consistent with the handling
standards and officially inspected
against the quality standards of the new
program. The peanut quality and
handling standards were later revised in
rules published in the Federal Register
(68 FR 46919, August 7, 2003, and 68
FR 53490, September 11, 2003). The
provisions of this program continue in
force and effect until modified,
suspended, or terminated.
Pursuant to the Farm Bill, USDA has
consulted with Board members in its
review of the handling and quality
standards for the 2005 and subsequent
crop years. The quality and handling
standards are intended to assure that
satisfactory quality and wholesome
peanuts are used in domestic and
import peanut markets. All peanuts
intended for human consumption must
be officially inspected and graded by the
Federal or Federal-State Inspection
Service and, if necessary, undergo
chemical testing by a USDA laboratory
or a private laboratory approved by
USDA.
Under the Standards, § 996.30(b)
Moisture specifies ‘‘No handler or
importer shall receive or acquire farmers
stock peanuts for subsequent
disposition to human consumption
outlets containing more than 10.49
percent moisture: Provided, That
peanuts of a higher moisture may be
received and dried to not more than
10.49 percent moisture prior to storing
or milling: And Provided further, That
E:\FR\FM\21JNP1.SGM
21JNP1
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 118 / Tuesday, June 21, 2005 / Proposed Rules
Virginia-type peanuts used for seed may
be received or acquired containing up to
11.49 percent moisture.’’
High Moisture peanuts are farmers
stock peanuts that have a moisture
content, when harvested, in excess of
10.49 percent moisture. In order to
ensure that high moisture peanuts are
dried to or below 10.49 percent
moisture, growers must dry the peanuts
on individual wagons/trailers. Often
farmers stock peanuts are dried, taken to
a sheller or handler, inspected and
found to still be too high in moisture
content, and must then be returned for
additional drying at the grower’s farm,
at a handler/buying point facility, or at
another location. Not all buying points,
especially those in very rural locations,
have drying facilities. This results in
inefficiencies and added costs.
Handlers may receive high moisture
peanuts, but cannot acquire them.
Peanuts that are received cannot be
mixed, commingled or otherwise lose
their identity. Accordingly, any high
moisture deliveries from a producer
cannot be mixed with other high
moisture deliveries. However, the
inability to commingle high moisture
peanut deliveries for drying slows
producer deliveries and raises drying
costs. It also raises inspection costs
because the peanuts need to be
inspected a second time to verify
moisture levels prior to handler
acquisition.
In response to requests from industry
representatives and the Board, USDA
allowed a trial relaxation in incoming
peanut requirements for the 2004 crop
year only. The Standards continued to
require that farmers stock peanuts be
dried to 10.49 percent moisture or less
before storing or milling. However,
wagonloads or lots of farmers stock
peanuts grading between 10.50 and
18.00 percent moisture could be
commingled at the handler/buying point
facilities and bulk dried by handlers, in
agreement with each producer of the
wagonloads or lots being commingled.
An 18 percent moisture limit recognizes
the difficulties in the Inspection
Service’s use of its shelling equipment
for peanuts with more than 18 percent
moisture. After drying, a second
inspection for moisture only was
performed by Federal-State inspectors
and documented accordingly. When the
commingled lot was presented for the
second ‘‘moisture only’’ inspection, the
buying point was required to provide
documentation identifying the specific
lots or wagonloads which constituted
the commingled lot. In the event that a
commingled lot, after bulk drying, still
did not meet the 10.49 percent moisture
requirement, the lot could be further
VerDate jul<14>2003
21:56 Jun 20, 2005
Jkt 205001
dried and re-inspected until the lot
contained no more than 10.49 percent
moisture.
This temporary relaxation was the
culmination of several meetings and
requests from the Board and the peanut
industry to bring the high moisture
issue to conclusion. The Board made
several recommendations regarding high
moisture peanuts in 2003 and 2004.
However, prior to the Board’s
discussion of any changes for 2005 crop
peanuts, the Department’s Farm Service
Agency (FSA) identified an FSA
program issue requiring resolution
before implementation of any relaxation
to the standard. Under FSA’s loan
program (7 CFR part 1421), high
moisture peanuts must be segregated by
each producer and dried to a moisture
content not exceeding 10.49 percent. If
high moisture peanuts from more than
one producer are commingled and batch
dried, the quality, quantity, and identity
of each participating producer’s peanuts
would be lost. As such, those high
moisture peanuts would not be eligible
for FSA marketing assistance loans
(MAL) or loan deficiency payments
(LDP).
These concerns have been resolved
through a formulation of a revised FSA
Form 1007 (a combined inspection
certificate and calculation worksheet)
that identifies and tracks high moisture
peanut shipments. Inspection
procedures and reporting requirements
would remain unchanged. The original
peanut inspection notesheet/certificate
would accompany the FSA Form 1007
with the converted high moisture factors
from the high moisture conversion
charts provided by the National Peanut
Research Laboratory (NPRL). The NPRL
conversion charts provide a guide for
varying levels of high moisture peanuts
received and the converted grade factor
equivalents when dried down to an
acceptable level without having to
conduct another inspection on the dried
down peanuts.
The Board met on March 16, 2005,
and unanimously recommended that
§ 996.30(b) be modified so that handlers
and importers may receive or acquire
farmers stock peanuts for subsequent
disposition to human consumption
outlets containing more than 18 percent
moisture: Provided, That farmers stock
peanuts be dried to not more than 18
percent moisture prior to inspection and
grading. If the sound mature kernel and
sound splits grade is 60 or below on a
lot of peanuts that contains moisture
between 10.49 and 18 percent, the lot of
peanuts shall be dried to a moisture
level of 10.49 or below prior to
inspection and grading. Valencia
peanuts may only be inspected at
PO 00000
Frm 00002
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
35563
moisture levels 10.49 and below. All
farmers stock peanuts must be dried to
not more than 10.49 percent moisture
prior to storing or milling: Provided,
That Virginia-type peanuts used for seed
must be dried to 18 percent or less prior
to inspection and to 11.49 percent or
less prior to storing or milling.
On March 23, 2005, the Board’s
implementation sub-committee
recommended the removal from the
Board’s recommendation of the
moisture requirement on peanuts with a
sound mature kernel plus sound splits
grade of 60 or below.
According to a number of Board
members, allowing handlers and
importers to receive high moisture
peanuts could make a significant
difference in the efficient acquisition
and warehousing of farmers’ stock
peanuts each fall. Allowing the
acquisition of high moisture peanuts
would allow handlers to accumulate a
number of loads and batch dry them at
the same time. These Board members
indicated that this could speed up
drying, grading, and movement of
peanuts at harvest, which would be
especially important when adverse
weather conditions during harvest could
cause peanut quality to deteriorate.
According to some Board members, it
would also reduce drying and
inspection costs.
Therefore under this proposal,
domestic and imported peanuts must be
dried to 18 percent or less prior to
inspection and 10.49 percent or less
prior to storing or milling. Virginia-type
peanuts used for seed must be dried to
18 percent or less prior to inspection
and to 11.49 percent or less prior to
storing or milling.
Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
Pursuant to requirements set forth in
the Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Act
(RFA) the Agricultural Marketing
Service (AMS) has considered the
economic impact of this action on small
entities. Accordingly, AMS had
prepared this initial regulatory
flexibility analysis.
The purpose of the RFA is to fit
regulatory actions to the scale of
business subject to such actions in order
that small businesses will not be unduly
or disproportionately burdened. There
are approximately 55 peanut shelling
entities, operating approximately 70
shelling plants, and 25 importers subject
to regulation under the peanut program.
An estimated two-thirds of the handlers
and nearly all of the importers may be
classified as small entities, based on
documents and reports received by
USDA. Small agricultural service firms,
which include handlers and importers,
E:\FR\FM\21JNP1.SGM
21JNP1
35564
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 118 / Tuesday, June 21, 2005 / Proposed Rules
are defined by the Small Business
Administration (13 CFR 121.201), as
those having annual receipts of less than
$6,000,000.
An approximation of the number of
peanut farms that could be considered
small agricultural businesses under the
SBA definition (less than $750,000 in
annual receipts) can be obtained from
the 2002 Agricultural Census, which is
the most recent information on the
number of farms categorized by size.
There were 7,551 peanut farms with
annual agricultural sales valued at less
than $500,000 in 2002, representing 87
percent of the total number of peanut
farms in the U.S. (8,640). Since the
Agricultural Census does not use
$750,000 in sales as a category,
$500,000 in sales is the closest
approximation. Assuming that most of
the sales from those farms are
attributable to peanuts, the percentage
of small peanut farms in 2002 (less than
$750,000 in sales) was likely a few
percentage points higher than 87
percent, and may have shifted by a
small amount since 2002. Thus, the
proportion of small peanut farms is
likely to be close to 90 percent.
According to the National
Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS),
the two-year average peanut production
for the 2003 and 2004 crop years was
4.203 billion pounds, harvested from
average acreage of 1.353 million,
yielding an average of 3,106 pounds per
acre. The average value of production
for the two-year period was $816.904
million. The average grower price over
the two-year period was $0.194 per
pound, and the average value per
harvested acre was $604. Dividing the
two year average value of production
($816.904 million) by the estimated
8,640 peanut farms (2002 Agricultural
Census) yields an estimated average
peanut sales revenue per farm of
approximately $94,440. Average peanut
acreage per farm is 156.
The Agricultural Census provides
data on the value of annual sales of all
agricultural products from peanut farms
in terms of ranges. The value of annual
agricultural product sales of the median
peanut farm in 2002 was between
$50,000 and $99,999. The median is the
midpoint ranging from the largest to the
smallest.
Several producers may own a single
farm jointly, or, conversely, a producer
may own several farms. In the peanut
industry, there is, on average, more than
one producer per farm. Dividing the two
year average value of production of
$816.904 million by 14,186 peanut
producers (Farm Service Agency 2004
estimate) results in an estimate of
VerDate jul<14>2003
21:56 Jun 20, 2005
Jkt 205001
average revenue per producer of
approximately $57,585.
The current 14 custom blanchers, 8
custom remillers, 4 oil mill operators, 4
USDA and 15 USDA-approved private
chemical (aflatoxin) laboratories are
subject to this rule to the extent that
they must comply with reconditioning
provisions under § 996.50 and reporting
and recordkeeping requirements under
§ 996.71.
These requirements are applied
uniformly to these entities, whether
large or small. In addition, there are
currently 10 State inspection programs
(Inspection Service) that will perform
inspections under this peanut program.
Importers of peanuts cover a broad
range of business entities, including
fresh and processed food handlers and
commodity brokers who buy
agricultural products on behalf of
others. Some large, corporate handlers
are also importers of peanuts. AMS is
not aware of any peanut producers who
imported peanuts during any of the
recent quota years.
The majority of peanut importers have
annual receipts under $6,000,000. Some
importers use customs brokers’ import
services. These brokers are usually held
accountable by the importer to see that
entry requirements under § 996.60 and
reporting and recordkeeping
requirements under § 996.71 are met.
These reporting requirements are not
applied disproportionately to small
customs brokers.
In view of the foregoing, it can be
concluded that the majority of peanut
producers, handlers, importers, and
above-mentioned entities may be
classified as small businesses.
This proposal would change the
minimum peanut quality and handling
standards so that handlers may receive
or acquire peanuts with a moisture
content of up to 18 percent. The Board
suggested changing the minimum
peanut quality and handling standards
to allow handlers to receive or acquire
high moisture peanuts to promote the
development of new drying
technologies, increase efficiencies and
reduce costs to the industry.
USDA has considered alternatives to
the suggested change to the quality and
handling standards. The Farm Bill
requires USDA to consult with the
Board on these standards. An alternative
would be to continue the current
standards for the 2005 crop year. The
current Board’s recommended change to
the handling and quality standards issue
was raised during last year’s USDA/
Board standards review but was tabled
until an inter-agency collaboration
(AMS and FSA) could coordinate their
respective peanut handling and loan
PO 00000
Frm 00003
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
regulations. However, because of the
anticipated benefits of the
recommended change, USDA believes
the implementation of the Board’s
suggested change would be preferable to
continuing without change. The Board’s
meeting was open to a wide audience
and all interested persons were invited
to attend the meeting and provide input.
USDA has not identified any relevant
Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or
conflict with this rule. A small business
guide on complying with AMS fresh
fruit, vegetable, and specialty crop
programs similar to this peanut program
may be viewed at the following Web
site: https://www.ams.usda.gov/fv/
moab.html. Any questions about the
compliance guide or compliance with
this program should be sent to Jay
Guerber at the previously mentioned
address in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT section.
This rule invites comments on the
Board’s recommendation to change the
quality and handling standards.
Interested persons also are invited to
submit information on the regulatory
and economic impact of this action on
small businesses. A 15-day comment
period is provided to allow interested
persons to respond to this proposal.
Fifteen days is deemed appropriate
because this rule, if adopted, should be
in place as soon as possible for the 2005
crop year. Any comments timely
received will be considered before a
final determination is made in this
matter.
Information Collection
The Farm Bill specifies in section
1601(c)(2)(A) that the standards
established pursuant to it, may be
implemented without regard to the
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44
U.S.C. Chapter 35). Furthermore, this
rule does not change the existing
information collection burden.
Section 1601 of the Farm Bill also
provides that promulgation of or
amendments to the standards may be
implemented without extending
interested parties an opportunity to
comment. However, due to the nature of
the proposed changes, interested parties
are provided 15 days to file comments.
List of Subjects 7 CFR Part 996
Food grades and standards, Imports,
Peanuts, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
For the reasons set forth in the
preamble, 7 CFR Part 996 is proposed to
be amended as follows:
E:\FR\FM\21JNP1.SGM
21JNP1
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 118 / Tuesday, June 21, 2005 / Proposed Rules
PART 996—MINIMUM QUALITY AND
HANDLING STANDARDS FOR
DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED PEANUTS
MARKETED IN THE UNITED STATES
1. The authority citation for 7 CFR
Part 996 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 7958.
2. Paragraph (b) of § 996.30 is revised
to read as follows:
§ 996.30
Incoming quality standards.
*
*
*
*
*
(b) Moisture. Domestic and imported
peanuts shall be dried to 18 percent or
less prior to inspection and to 10.49
percent or less prior to storing or
milling: Provided, That Virginia-type
peanuts used for seed shall be dried to
18 percent or less prior to inspection
and to 11.49 percent or less prior to
storing or milling.
*
*
*
*
*
Dated: June 13, 2005.
Barry L. Carpenter,
Acting Administrator, Agricultural Marketing
Service.
[FR Doc. 05–12156 Filed 6–20–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410–02–P
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA–2005–21275; Directorate
Identifier 2005–CE–28–AD]
RIN 2120–AA64
Airworthiness Directives; The Cessna
Aircraft Company Models 208 and
208B Airplanes
Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking
(NPRM).
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to adopt a
new airworthiness directive (AD) for all
The Cessna Aircraft Company (Cessna)
Models 208 and 208B airplanes. This
proposed AD would require you to
install a pilot assist handle, Cessna part
number SK208–146–2, for all affected
airplanes, install deicing boots on
landing gear struts and cargo pod on
certain Cessna Models 208 and 208B
airplanes, and make changes to the
Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) and
FAA-approved Airplane Flight Manual
(AFM), and to the POH and AFM
Supplement S1 for all affected
airplanes. This proposed AD results
from reports of several accidents and of
problematic events involving the
VerDate jul<14>2003
21:56 Jun 20, 2005
Jkt 205001
affected airplanes during operations in
icing conditions, including nine events
in the 2004–2005 icing season, and
ground icing conditions. We are issuing
this proposed AD to prevent ice
adhering to critical surfaces. Ice
adhering to critical surfaces could result
in a reduction in airplane performance
with the consequences that the airplane
cannot perform a safe takeoff, climb, or
maintain altitude.
DATES: We must receive any comments
on this proposed AD by August 22,
2005.
ADDRESSES: Use one of the following to
submit comments on this proposed AD:
• DOT Docket Web site: Go to
https://dms.dot.gov and follow the
instructions for sending your comments
electronically.
• Government-wide rulemaking Web
site: Go to https://www.regulations.gov
and follow the instructions for sending
your comments electronically.
• Mail: Docket Management Facility;
U.S. Department of Transportation, 400
Seventh Street, SW., NASSIF Building,
Room PL–401, Washington, DC 20590–
001.
• Fax: 1–202–493–2251.
• Hand Delivery: Room PL–401 on
the plaza level of the NASSIF Building,
400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington,
DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
To get the service information
identified in this proposed AD, contact
The Cessna Aircraft Company, Product
Support, P.O. Box 7706, Wichita,
Kansas 67277–7706; telephone: (316)
517–5800; facsimile: (316) 942–9006.
To view the comments to this
proposed AD, go to https://dms.dot.gov.
The docket number is FAA–2005–
21275; Directorate Identifier 2005–CE–
28–AD.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Paul
Pellicano, Aerospace Engineer (Icing),
FAA, Small Airplane Directorate, c/o
Atlanta Aircraft Certification Office
(ACO), One Crown Center, 1985
Phoenix Boulevard, Suite 450, Atlanta,
GA 30349; telephone: (770) 703–6064;
facsimile: (770) 703–6097.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
How do I comment on this proposed
AD? We invite you to submit any
written relevant data, views, or
arguments regarding this proposal. Send
your comments to an address listed
under ADDRESSES. Include the docket
number, ‘‘FAA–2005–21275; Directorate
Identifier 2005–CE–28–AD’’ at the
beginning of your comments. We will
post all comments we receive, without
change, to
PO 00000
Frm 00004
Fmt 4702
Sfmt 4702
35565
https://dms.dot.gov, including any
personal information you provide. We
will also post a report summarizing each
substantive verbal contact with FAA
personnel concerning this proposed
rulemaking. Using the search function
of our docket Web site, anyone can find
and read the comments received into
any of our dockets, including the name
of the individual who sent the comment
(or signed the comment on behalf of an
association, business, labor union, etc.).
This is docket number FAA–2005–
21275; Directorate Identifier 2005–CE–
28–AD. You may review the DOT’s
complete Privacy Act Statement in the
Federal Register published on April 11,
2000 (65 FR 19477–78) or you may visit
https://dms.dot.gov.
Are there any specific portions of this
proposed AD I should pay attention to?
We specifically invite comments on the
overall regulatory, economic,
environmental, and energy aspects of
this proposed AD. If you contact us
through a nonwritten communication
and that contact relates to a substantive
part of this proposed AD, we will
summarize the contact and place the
summary in the docket. We will
consider all comments received by the
closing date and may amend this
proposed AD in light of those comments
and contacts.
Docket Information
Where can I go to view the docket
information? You may view the AD
docket that contains the proposal, any
comments received, and any final
disposition in person at the DMS Docket
Offices between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.
(eastern standard time), Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
The Docket Office (telephone 1–800–
647–5227) is located on the plaza level
of the Department of Transportation
NASSIF Building at the street address
stated in ADDRESSES. You may also view
the AD docket on the Internet at
https://dms.dot.gov. The comments will
be available in the AD docket shortly
after the DMS receives them.
Discussion
What events have caused this
proposed AD? The FAA has received
several reports of accidents and
incidents concerning problems with
Cessna Models 208 and 208B airplanes
during operations in icing conditions.
This includes a total of six accidents in
the previous two icing seasons and nine
incidents in the past few months. Onethird of the Model 208 icing related
accidents occurred as a result of loss of
control after takeoff in ground icing
conditions. One-third are suspected to
E:\FR\FM\21JNP1.SGM
21JNP1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 118 (Tuesday, June 21, 2005)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 35562-35565]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-12156]
========================================================================
Proposed Rules
Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of
the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these
notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in
the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules.
========================================================================
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 118 / Tuesday, June 21, 2005 /
Proposed Rules
[[Page 35562]]
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Agricultural Marketing Service
7 CFR Part 996
[Docket No. FV05-996-2PR]
Change in Minimum Quality and Handling Standards For Domestic and
Imported Peanuts Marketed in the United States
AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This rule would change the peanut quality and handling
standards (Standards) to require that domestic and imported peanuts be
dried to 18 percent moisture or less prior to inspection and to 10.49
percent or less prior to storing or milling. Virginia-type peanuts used
for seed must be dried to 18 percent or less prior to inspection and to
11.49 percent or less prior to storing or milling. The Standards and
the Peanut Standards Board (Board) were established by the Department
of Agriculture (USDA), pursuant to section 1308 of the Farm Security
and Rural Investment Act of 2002. The Board suggested changing the
peanut quality and handling standards to allow handlers and importers
to receive or acquire high moisture peanuts to promote the development
of new drying technologies, increase efficiencies and reduce costs to
the industry.
DATES: Comments must be received by July 6, 2005.
ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit written comments
concerning this rule. Comments must be sent to the Docket Clerk,
Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs,
AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., STOP 0237, Washington, DC
20250-0237; Fax: (202) 720-8938, or E-mail: moab.docketclerk@usda.gov
or www.regulations.gov. Comments should reference the docket number and
the date and page number of this issue of the Federal Register and will
be made available for public inspection in the Office of the Docket
Clerk during regular business hours, or can be viewed at: https://
www.ams.usda.gov/fv/moab.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dawana J. Clark or Kenneth G. Johnson,
DC Marketing Field Office, Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit
and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 4700 River Road, Unit 155,
Riverdale, Maryland 20737; telephone (301) 734-5243, Fax: (301) 734-
5275 or George J. Kelhart, Technical Advisor, Marketing Order
Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400
Independence Avenue, SW., Stop 0237, Washington, DC 20250-0237;
telephone (202) 720-2491, Fax: (202) 720-8938; or E-mail:
dawana.clark@usda.gov, kenneth.johnson@usda.gov or
george.kelhart@usda.gov.
Small businesses may request information on complying with this
rule by contacting Jay Guerber, Marketing Order Administration Branch,
Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW.,
STOP 0237, Washington, DC 20250-0237; telephone: (202) 720-2491, Fax:
(202) 720-8938, or e-mail: jay.guerber@usda.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This proposed rule is issued under section
1308 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law
107-171), 7 U.S.C. 7958, hereinafter referred to as the ``Farm Bill.''
This rule has been determined to be not significant for purposes of
Executive Order 12866 and has not been reviewed by the Office of
Management and Budget.
This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, Civil
Justice Reform. This rule is not intended to have retroactive effect.
This rule will not preempt any State or local laws, regulations, or
policies, unless they present an irreconcilable conflict with this
rule.
There are no administrative procedures which must be exhausted
prior to any judicial challenge to the provisions of this rule.
Background
Section 1308 of the Farm Bill requires that USDA take several
actions with regard to peanuts marketed in the United States: Ensure
mandatory inspection on all peanuts marketed in the United States;
establish the Board comprised of producers and industry representatives
to advise USDA; develop peanut quality and handling standards; and
modify those quality and handling standards when needed. An interim
final rule was published in the Federal Register (67 FR 57129) on
September 9, 2002, terminating the previous peanut programs and
establishing standards in Part 996 to insure the continued inspection
of 2002 crop year peanuts and subsequent crop year peanuts, 2001 crop
year peanuts not yet inspected, and 2001 crop year failing peanuts that
had not yet met disposition standards. The initial Board was selected
and announced on December 5, 2002. A final rule finalizing the interim
final rule was published in the Federal Register (68 FR 1145) on
January 9, 2003, to continue requiring all domestic and imported
peanuts marketed in the United States to be handled consistent with the
handling standards and officially inspected against the quality
standards of the new program. The peanut quality and handling standards
were later revised in rules published in the Federal Register (68 FR
46919, August 7, 2003, and 68 FR 53490, September 11, 2003). The
provisions of this program continue in force and effect until modified,
suspended, or terminated.
Pursuant to the Farm Bill, USDA has consulted with Board members in
its review of the handling and quality standards for the 2005 and
subsequent crop years. The quality and handling standards are intended
to assure that satisfactory quality and wholesome peanuts are used in
domestic and import peanut markets. All peanuts intended for human
consumption must be officially inspected and graded by the Federal or
Federal-State Inspection Service and, if necessary, undergo chemical
testing by a USDA laboratory or a private laboratory approved by USDA.
Under the Standards, Sec. 996.30(b) Moisture specifies ``No
handler or importer shall receive or acquire farmers stock peanuts for
subsequent disposition to human consumption outlets containing more
than 10.49 percent moisture: Provided, That peanuts of a higher
moisture may be received and dried to not more than 10.49 percent
moisture prior to storing or milling: And Provided further, That
[[Page 35563]]
Virginia-type peanuts used for seed may be received or acquired
containing up to 11.49 percent moisture.''
High Moisture peanuts are farmers stock peanuts that have a
moisture content, when harvested, in excess of 10.49 percent moisture.
In order to ensure that high moisture peanuts are dried to or below
10.49 percent moisture, growers must dry the peanuts on individual
wagons/trailers. Often farmers stock peanuts are dried, taken to a
sheller or handler, inspected and found to still be too high in
moisture content, and must then be returned for additional drying at
the grower's farm, at a handler/buying point facility, or at another
location. Not all buying points, especially those in very rural
locations, have drying facilities. This results in inefficiencies and
added costs.
Handlers may receive high moisture peanuts, but cannot acquire
them. Peanuts that are received cannot be mixed, commingled or
otherwise lose their identity. Accordingly, any high moisture
deliveries from a producer cannot be mixed with other high moisture
deliveries. However, the inability to commingle high moisture peanut
deliveries for drying slows producer deliveries and raises drying
costs. It also raises inspection costs because the peanuts need to be
inspected a second time to verify moisture levels prior to handler
acquisition.
In response to requests from industry representatives and the
Board, USDA allowed a trial relaxation in incoming peanut requirements
for the 2004 crop year only. The Standards continued to require that
farmers stock peanuts be dried to 10.49 percent moisture or less before
storing or milling. However, wagonloads or lots of farmers stock
peanuts grading between 10.50 and 18.00 percent moisture could be
commingled at the handler/buying point facilities and bulk dried by
handlers, in agreement with each producer of the wagonloads or lots
being commingled. An 18 percent moisture limit recognizes the
difficulties in the Inspection Service's use of its shelling equipment
for peanuts with more than 18 percent moisture. After drying, a second
inspection for moisture only was performed by Federal-State inspectors
and documented accordingly. When the commingled lot was presented for
the second ``moisture only'' inspection, the buying point was required
to provide documentation identifying the specific lots or wagonloads
which constituted the commingled lot. In the event that a commingled
lot, after bulk drying, still did not meet the 10.49 percent moisture
requirement, the lot could be further dried and re-inspected until the
lot contained no more than 10.49 percent moisture.
This temporary relaxation was the culmination of several meetings
and requests from the Board and the peanut industry to bring the high
moisture issue to conclusion. The Board made several recommendations
regarding high moisture peanuts in 2003 and 2004. However, prior to the
Board's discussion of any changes for 2005 crop peanuts, the
Department's Farm Service Agency (FSA) identified an FSA program issue
requiring resolution before implementation of any relaxation to the
standard. Under FSA's loan program (7 CFR part 1421), high moisture
peanuts must be segregated by each producer and dried to a moisture
content not exceeding 10.49 percent. If high moisture peanuts from more
than one producer are commingled and batch dried, the quality,
quantity, and identity of each participating producer's peanuts would
be lost. As such, those high moisture peanuts would not be eligible for
FSA marketing assistance loans (MAL) or loan deficiency payments (LDP).
These concerns have been resolved through a formulation of a
revised FSA Form 1007 (a combined inspection certificate and
calculation worksheet) that identifies and tracks high moisture peanut
shipments. Inspection procedures and reporting requirements would
remain unchanged. The original peanut inspection notesheet/certificate
would accompany the FSA Form 1007 with the converted high moisture
factors from the high moisture conversion charts provided by the
National Peanut Research Laboratory (NPRL). The NPRL conversion charts
provide a guide for varying levels of high moisture peanuts received
and the converted grade factor equivalents when dried down to an
acceptable level without having to conduct another inspection on the
dried down peanuts.
The Board met on March 16, 2005, and unanimously recommended that
Sec. 996.30(b) be modified so that handlers and importers may receive
or acquire farmers stock peanuts for subsequent disposition to human
consumption outlets containing more than 18 percent moisture: Provided,
That farmers stock peanuts be dried to not more than 18 percent
moisture prior to inspection and grading. If the sound mature kernel
and sound splits grade is 60 or below on a lot of peanuts that contains
moisture between 10.49 and 18 percent, the lot of peanuts shall be
dried to a moisture level of 10.49 or below prior to inspection and
grading. Valencia peanuts may only be inspected at moisture levels
10.49 and below. All farmers stock peanuts must be dried to not more
than 10.49 percent moisture prior to storing or milling: Provided, That
Virginia-type peanuts used for seed must be dried to 18 percent or less
prior to inspection and to 11.49 percent or less prior to storing or
milling.
On March 23, 2005, the Board's implementation sub-committee
recommended the removal from the Board's recommendation of the moisture
requirement on peanuts with a sound mature kernel plus sound splits
grade of 60 or below.
According to a number of Board members, allowing handlers and
importers to receive high moisture peanuts could make a significant
difference in the efficient acquisition and warehousing of farmers'
stock peanuts each fall. Allowing the acquisition of high moisture
peanuts would allow handlers to accumulate a number of loads and batch
dry them at the same time. These Board members indicated that this
could speed up drying, grading, and movement of peanuts at harvest,
which would be especially important when adverse weather conditions
during harvest could cause peanut quality to deteriorate. According to
some Board members, it would also reduce drying and inspection costs.
Therefore under this proposal, domestic and imported peanuts must
be dried to 18 percent or less prior to inspection and 10.49 percent or
less prior to storing or milling. Virginia-type peanuts used for seed
must be dried to 18 percent or less prior to inspection and to 11.49
percent or less prior to storing or milling.
Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
Pursuant to requirements set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility
Analysis Act (RFA) the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) has
considered the economic impact of this action on small entities.
Accordingly, AMS had prepared this initial regulatory flexibility
analysis.
The purpose of the RFA is to fit regulatory actions to the scale of
business subject to such actions in order that small businesses will
not be unduly or disproportionately burdened. There are approximately
55 peanut shelling entities, operating approximately 70 shelling
plants, and 25 importers subject to regulation under the peanut
program. An estimated two-thirds of the handlers and nearly all of the
importers may be classified as small entities, based on documents and
reports received by USDA. Small agricultural service firms, which
include handlers and importers,
[[Page 35564]]
are defined by the Small Business Administration (13 CFR 121.201), as
those having annual receipts of less than $6,000,000.
An approximation of the number of peanut farms that could be
considered small agricultural businesses under the SBA definition (less
than $750,000 in annual receipts) can be obtained from the 2002
Agricultural Census, which is the most recent information on the number
of farms categorized by size. There were 7,551 peanut farms with annual
agricultural sales valued at less than $500,000 in 2002, representing
87 percent of the total number of peanut farms in the U.S. (8,640).
Since the Agricultural Census does not use $750,000 in sales as a
category, $500,000 in sales is the closest approximation. Assuming that
most of the sales from those farms are attributable to peanuts, the
percentage of small peanut farms in 2002 (less than $750,000 in sales)
was likely a few percentage points higher than 87 percent, and may have
shifted by a small amount since 2002. Thus, the proportion of small
peanut farms is likely to be close to 90 percent.
According to the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS),
the two-year average peanut production for the 2003 and 2004 crop years
was 4.203 billion pounds, harvested from average acreage of 1.353
million, yielding an average of 3,106 pounds per acre. The average
value of production for the two-year period was $816.904 million. The
average grower price over the two-year period was $0.194 per pound, and
the average value per harvested acre was $604. Dividing the two year
average value of production ($816.904 million) by the estimated 8,640
peanut farms (2002 Agricultural Census) yields an estimated average
peanut sales revenue per farm of approximately $94,440. Average peanut
acreage per farm is 156.
The Agricultural Census provides data on the value of annual sales
of all agricultural products from peanut farms in terms of ranges. The
value of annual agricultural product sales of the median peanut farm in
2002 was between $50,000 and $99,999. The median is the midpoint
ranging from the largest to the smallest.
Several producers may own a single farm jointly, or, conversely, a
producer may own several farms. In the peanut industry, there is, on
average, more than one producer per farm. Dividing the two year average
value of production of $816.904 million by 14,186 peanut producers
(Farm Service Agency 2004 estimate) results in an estimate of average
revenue per producer of approximately $57,585.
The current 14 custom blanchers, 8 custom remillers, 4 oil mill
operators, 4 USDA and 15 USDA-approved private chemical (aflatoxin)
laboratories are subject to this rule to the extent that they must
comply with reconditioning provisions under Sec. 996.50 and reporting
and recordkeeping requirements under Sec. 996.71.
These requirements are applied uniformly to these entities, whether
large or small. In addition, there are currently 10 State inspection
programs (Inspection Service) that will perform inspections under this
peanut program.
Importers of peanuts cover a broad range of business entities,
including fresh and processed food handlers and commodity brokers who
buy agricultural products on behalf of others. Some large, corporate
handlers are also importers of peanuts. AMS is not aware of any peanut
producers who imported peanuts during any of the recent quota years.
The majority of peanut importers have annual receipts under
$6,000,000. Some importers use customs brokers' import services. These
brokers are usually held accountable by the importer to see that entry
requirements under Sec. 996.60 and reporting and recordkeeping
requirements under Sec. 996.71 are met. These reporting requirements
are not applied disproportionately to small customs brokers.
In view of the foregoing, it can be concluded that the majority of
peanut producers, handlers, importers, and above-mentioned entities may
be classified as small businesses.
This proposal would change the minimum peanut quality and handling
standards so that handlers may receive or acquire peanuts with a
moisture content of up to 18 percent. The Board suggested changing the
minimum peanut quality and handling standards to allow handlers to
receive or acquire high moisture peanuts to promote the development of
new drying technologies, increase efficiencies and reduce costs to the
industry.
USDA has considered alternatives to the suggested change to the
quality and handling standards. The Farm Bill requires USDA to consult
with the Board on these standards. An alternative would be to continue
the current standards for the 2005 crop year. The current Board's
recommended change to the handling and quality standards issue was
raised during last year's USDA/Board standards review but was tabled
until an inter-agency collaboration (AMS and FSA) could coordinate
their respective peanut handling and loan regulations. However, because
of the anticipated benefits of the recommended change, USDA believes
the implementation of the Board's suggested change would be preferable
to continuing without change. The Board's meeting was open to a wide
audience and all interested persons were invited to attend the meeting
and provide input.
USDA has not identified any relevant Federal rules that duplicate,
overlap, or conflict with this rule. A small business guide on
complying with AMS fresh fruit, vegetable, and specialty crop programs
similar to this peanut program may be viewed at the following Web site:
https://www.ams.usda.gov/fv/moab.html. Any questions about the
compliance guide or compliance with this program should be sent to Jay
Guerber at the previously mentioned address in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section.
This rule invites comments on the Board's recommendation to change
the quality and handling standards. Interested persons also are invited
to submit information on the regulatory and economic impact of this
action on small businesses. A 15-day comment period is provided to
allow interested persons to respond to this proposal. Fifteen days is
deemed appropriate because this rule, if adopted, should be in place as
soon as possible for the 2005 crop year. Any comments timely received
will be considered before a final determination is made in this matter.
Information Collection
The Farm Bill specifies in section 1601(c)(2)(A) that the standards
established pursuant to it, may be implemented without regard to the
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35). Furthermore,
this rule does not change the existing information collection burden.
Section 1601 of the Farm Bill also provides that promulgation of or
amendments to the standards may be implemented without extending
interested parties an opportunity to comment. However, due to the
nature of the proposed changes, interested parties are provided 15 days
to file comments.
List of Subjects 7 CFR Part 996
Food grades and standards, Imports, Peanuts, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
For the reasons set forth in the preamble, 7 CFR Part 996 is
proposed to be amended as follows:
[[Page 35565]]
PART 996--MINIMUM QUALITY AND HANDLING STANDARDS FOR DOMESTIC AND
IMPORTED PEANUTS MARKETED IN THE UNITED STATES
1. The authority citation for 7 CFR Part 996 continues to read as
follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 7958.
2. Paragraph (b) of Sec. 996.30 is revised to read as follows:
Sec. 996.30 Incoming quality standards.
* * * * *
(b) Moisture. Domestic and imported peanuts shall be dried to 18
percent or less prior to inspection and to 10.49 percent or less prior
to storing or milling: Provided, That Virginia-type peanuts used for
seed shall be dried to 18 percent or less prior to inspection and to
11.49 percent or less prior to storing or milling.
* * * * *
Dated: June 13, 2005.
Barry L. Carpenter,
Acting Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Service.
[FR Doc. 05-12156 Filed 6-20-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-02-P