Pipeline Safety: Pipeline Operator Public Awareness Program, 28833-28843 [05-9464]

Agencies

• Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
• DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 96 (Thursday, May 19, 2005)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 28833-28843]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-9464]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

49 CFR Parts 192 and 195

[Docket No. RSPA-03-15852; Amdt. Nos. 192-100, 195-84]
RIN 2137-AD96


Pipeline Safety: Pipeline Operator Public Awareness Program

AGENCY: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), 
U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This Final Rule amends the requirements for pipeline operators 
to develop and implement public awareness (also known as public 
education) programs. The changes are part of PHMSA's \1\ Office of 
Pipeline Safety's (OPS) broad pipeline communications initiative to 
promote pipeline safety. Promoting pipeline safety requires enhanced 
communications (by pipeline operators) with the public to increase 
public awareness of pipeline operations and safety issues. The 
amendments for developing and implementing public awareness programs 
address the requirements of the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act (PSIA) 
of 2002 \2\ and incorporate by reference the guidelines provided in the 
American Petroleum Institute (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 1162, 
``Public Awareness Programs for Pipeline Operators.'' \3\
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    \1\ The Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA) was 
recently renamed the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration (PHMSA). The history of this rulemaking includes 
references to both RSPA and PHMSA. For the purposes of this 
document, the terms are used interchangeably.
    \2\ Section 5 of the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act (PSIA) of 
2002 (Pub. L. 107-55, 49 U.S.C. 60116, December 12, 2002).
    \3\ API RP 1162 provides guidance on development, 
implementation, and evaluation of pipeline operator ``public 
awareness programs.'' Note that ``public education programs,'' as 
used in this rule, and ``public awareness programs,'' as used in API 
RP 1162, are considered to be the same and are used interchangeably.

DATES: Effective Date: This final rule takes effect on June 20, 2005.
    The incorporation by reference of API RP 1162 in this Final Rule 
was approved by Director of the Federal Register as of June 20, 2005.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Blaine Keener by phone at 
202.366.0970, by mail at 400 7th St., SW., Room 2103, Washington, DC 
20590, or by e-mail at blaine.keener@dot.gov.

[[Page 28834]]


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    This Final Rule concerns pipeline efforts to improve public 
awareness of pipeline operations and safety issues through enhanced 
communications with:
     The public (including residents and places of 
congregation, such as businesses, schools, hospitals, prisons, and 
other places where people gather) in the pipeline vicinity and its 
associated rights-of-way and pipeline facilities;
     State and local emergency response and planning officials 
(e.g., State and county emergency management agencies (EMAs) and local 
emergency planning committees (LEPCs)) and first responder 
organizations;
     Local public officials and governing councils of affected 
municipalities and school districts; and
     Excavators.
    Effective public awareness programs are vital to continued safe 
pipeline operations. Such programs are an important factor in 
establishing communications with affected stakeholders, providing 
information necessary to enhance public awareness of pipelines, and 
communicating stakeholder roles relative to pipeline safety. Effective 
programs also can increase awareness and understanding of the important 
energy transportation role of pipelines, pipeline operations, 
associated public and environmental risks, and the preventive and 
mitigative steps taken to reduce those risks. Additionally, they can 
improve results in damage prevention, reduce encroachments on pipeline 
rights-of-way, improve pipeline safety and environmental performance, 
and enhance emergency response coordination.
    This change in requirements for pipeline operator public awareness 
programs is part of PHMSA's broad effort to enhance safety by promoting 
improved public communications among the pipeline industry and 
government pipeline regulators. The promulgation of new requirements 
for pipeline operator public awareness programs also responds to 
provisions in the PSIA of 2002 calling for the Secretary of 
Transportation to issue standards prescribing the elements of an 
effective public education program.

Statutory Considerations & Comments

    The statutory provision specific to public education is discussed 
elsewhere in this document. In general, OPS authority to issue safety 
standards to the design, construction, operation, replacement, and 
maintenance of pipelines is found in 49 U.S.C. 60102(a). Pursuant to 49 
U.S.C. 60102(b), a pipeline safety standard must be practicable and 
designed to meet the need for pipeline safety and for protection of the 
environment. In order to accomplish this, OPS must consider a number of 
factors in issuing a safety standard. These factors include the 
relevant available pipeline safety and environmental information, the 
appropriateness of the standard for the particular type of facility, 
the reasonableness of the standard, and reasonably identifiable or 
estimated costs and benefits.
    OPS considered these factors in developing this rule and provides 
its analysis in the appropriate paragraphs of the preamble to this 
Final Rule. OPS also considered comments received from the public along 
with comments and recommendations of the Technical Pipeline Safety 
Standards Committee that are discussed below.

Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002

    On December 17, 2002, the President signed into law the PSIA of 
2002. Section 5 mandates public education program activities by 
pipeline operators, the Secretary of Transportation, and appropriate 
State agencies. It requires owners or operators of a gas or hazardous 
liquid pipeline facility to carry out a continuing program to educate 
the public on:
     Use of a one-call notification system prior to excavation 
and other damage prevention activities;
     Possible hazards associated with unintended releases from 
the pipeline facility;
     Physical indications that such a release may have 
occurred;
     Steps that should be taken for public safety in the event 
of a pipeline release; and
     Procedures to report such an event.
    Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment, each owner or 
operator of a gas or hazardous liquid pipeline facility was to review 
its existing public education program(s) for effectiveness and modify 
the program as necessary. The completed program was to include 
activities to advise affected municipalities, school districts, 
businesses, and residents of pipeline facility locations. It was to be 
submitted to the Secretary or, the appropriate State agency, and would 
be periodically reviewed. The Secretary was authorized to issue 
standards prescribing the elements of an effective public education 
program and to develop material for program use.

Self-Assessment Forms

    To support pipeline operators in partially addressing the PSIA 
requirements, PHMSA prepared a self-assessment form for use in 
reviewing existing public education programs. The completed self-
assessment aided and supported the operator in reviewing its program 
and in determining whether its adequacy and effectiveness in conveying 
the messages defined in the PSIA to the appropriate audiences. This 
assessment served as the basis for individual operators to define any 
necessary program improvements. The aggregate results of the self-
assessments help PHMSA and the industry in identifying areas where 
operator programs overall are weak or in need of additional focus.
    A draft self-assessment form was presented to attendees at two 
public workshops held during September 2003, in Houston, Texas and 
Baltimore, Maryland for comment. In November 2003, PHMSA issued an 
advisory bulletin \4\ advising all pipeline operators to complete and 
return the self-assessment form by December 17, 2003 (the deadline 
prescribed in the PSIA). Aggregate results from those self-assessments 
may be viewed online at https://primis.rspa.dot.gov/edu/RP1162/SA_
Statistics_050704.pdf.
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    \4\ 68 FR 66155, November 25, 2003, Pipeline Safety: Self-
Assessment of Public Education Programs. This advisory bulletin may 
be viewed at https://ops.dot.gov/whatsnew/AdvBulletinADB0308.pdf.
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    PHMSA is promulgating this Final Rule requiring operators to submit 
their completed programs to the Secretary of Transportation in 
fulfillment and implementation of PSIA's Section 5 requirements. In 
setting forth new requirements for pipeline operator public awareness 
programs, PHMSA is also responding to provisions in Paragraph C, 
AStandards,'' of Section 5 of the PSIA for the Secretary of 
Transportation to issue standards prescribing the elements of an 
effective public education program.

Standards Committees Process

    PHMSA has two legislatively mandated technical advisory committees. 
The Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968 required establishment of 
the Technical Pipeline Safety Standards Committee (TPSSC). The 
Hazardous Liquid Safety Act of 1979 required creation of the Technical 
Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety Standards Committee (THLPSSC). The 
Committees' primary purpose is to review proposed pipeline safety 
standards for technical feasibility,

[[Page 28835]]

reasonableness, cost-effectiveness, and practicability. The Committees 
also serve as a sounding board for discussing pipeline safety policy 
issues as well as legislative initiatives. Each group is composed of a 
balanced representation of Federal, State and local government 
agencies, the pipeline industry, and the public. In 2000, PHMSA (then 
known as the Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA)), 
sponsored a pipeline communications exploratory group under its 
technical advisory committees. The groups met to explore the subject of 
pipeline communications and to identify opportunities for improvement. 
In December 2004, the two groups concurred with this rule's issuance.

Communications Efforts

    PHMSA increased its efforts to communicate with the public 
regarding pipeline safety during several regulatory public meetings on 
Liquid and Gas Pipeline Integrity Management and Operator Qualification 
(see Docket Nos. RSPA-99-6355, RSPA-00-7408, and RSPA-00-7666). These 
efforts also included public meetings and public-access Web sites. 
These meetings provided opportunities for the public and other 
stakeholders to comment on the pipeline information needs of the 
public, local officials, and emergency responders.
    PHMSA sponsored other public meetings to provide open forums for 
the exchange of pipeline safety information among PHMSA, community 
representatives, environmental organizations, first responders, city/
county/state governments, and pipeline operators. Public stakeholders 
often expressed their desire to receive more specific information on 
pipeline communication initiatives.
    Consequently, on January 29, 2003, PHMSA and the Washington State 
Utilities and Transportation Committee (WUTC) co-sponsored a public 
meeting on pipeline communications at the Bellevue Community College in 
Bellevue, WA. The meeting included panel discussions on current PHMSA 
initiatives, the development of API RP 1162, integrity management 
communications, and pipeline performance metrics. A meeting transcript 
and a copy of presentations can be found at https://primis.rspa.dot.gov/
comm/Bellevue_2003_01_29.htm.
    PHMSA public communication initiatives include:
     Development of a public Web site for pipeline information 
(https://primis.rspa.dot.gov/comm);
     Creation of the Community Assistance and Technical 
Services (CATS) program and staffing new positions within each PHMSA 
Pipeline Safety regional office. CATS is an innovative program designed 
to meet the growing demand for enhanced stakeholder communications and 
to help facilitate permitting processes related to pipeline safety. The 
CATS mission is to advance public safety, environmental protection, and 
pipeline reliability by facilitating clear communications among all 
pipeline stakeholders, including the public, the operators, and 
government officials;
     Established a partnership with the National Association of 
State Fire Marshals (NASFM) to provide resources. This includes 
developing information and training aimed at enhancing the safety of 
first responders responding to pipeline accidents and of those 
assessing pipeline security risks. This collaboration will: assure that 
firefighters can safely respond to pipeline incidents; encourage NASFM 
members to join with the damage prevention community; encourage 
industry and local officials to ensure pipeline safety; educate the 
public on how to live safely near pipelines; improve pipeline awareness 
and improve security preparedness; and help with accident reporting and 
investigation for a better understanding of causes and consequences;
     In 2002, PHMSA asked the Transportation Research Board 
(TRB) of the National Academies to examine model land use practices by 
local communities, with an objective to develop guidance and enhance 
communications to better manage pipeline encroachment risks. The TRB 
was asked to: Examine evidence of risks to the public with increased 
development and population in proximity to pipelines; understand how 
these risks vary based on differences in product, pipeline 
characteristics, and other features; and explore the feasibility of 
establishing development setbacks that local governments might use in 
regulating encroaching development around existing pipelines. The TRB 
study was subsequently modified to address a PSIA requirement that 
PHMSA and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) conduct a 
study of population encroachment on pipeline rights-of-way. The results 
of the TRB study are published in TRB Special Report 281, 
``Transmission Pipelines and Land Use: A Risk-Informed Approach.'' 
PHMSA submitted an implementation plan to Congress on January 10, 2005; 
it addresses the TRB recommendations made in SR 281;
     In 1988, the TRB published Special Report (SR) 219: 
Pipelines and Public Safety. It assessed the adequacy of measures used 
to protect the public near pipelines. TRB SR 219 examined land use 
adjacent to pipelines and methods that could be used to increase the 
public safety. PHMSA responded to recommendations for damage 
prevention, land use, and emergency preparedness measures designed to 
help reduce the risks due to pipeline accidents;
     In 1998, PHMSA initiated and sponsored a damage prevention 
practices study associated with existing one-call notification systems. 
The study responded to authorizations in the Transportation Equity Act 
for the 21st Century (TEA-21), signed into law on June 9, 1998. It 
examined damage prevention practices to determine which were most 
effective in protecting the public, excavators, and the environment, 
and preventing disruptions to public services and underground 
facilities. Results were reported in the landmark ``Common Ground Study 
of One Call Systems and Damage Prevention Best Practices'' in which 133 
damage prevention Best Practices were identified; and
     Prior to passage of the PSIA of 2002, the pipeline 
industry began developing recommendations for pipeline operator public 
awareness programs, which resulted in establishing the API RP 1162, 
``Public Awareness Programs for Pipeline Operators.'' API developed RP 
1162 with extensive collaboration with various segments of the pipeline 
industry along with input from PHMSA and State pipeline regulators. 
PHMSA aggressively promoted the development of API RP 1162.\5\ PHMSA 
acknowledges the substantial work and collaboration that went into the 
development of API RP 1162 by incorporating it by reference into this 
rule.
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    \5\ A link to API RP 1162 on the API standards Web site is at 
https://primis.rspa.dot.gov/edu/rp1162.htm.
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American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice 1162

    In 2001, API began developing a new recommended practice for 
hazardous liquid pipeline operator public awareness programs. PHMSA 
recognized the potential to support the recommended practice its 
efforts to promote safety through improved public education and 
communications. At the request of, and with the support of PHMSA, API 
expanded the scope of the recommended practice to include gas 
transmission and distribution operators.

[[Page 28836]]

This was accomplished through formation of a multi-industry task force 
including representation from hazardous liquid, gas transmission, and 
gas distribution pipeline operators, as well as trade organizations 
representing the individual industry segments. Representatives of PHMSA 
and the National Association of Pipeline Safety Representatives (NAPSR) 
(representing State pipeline regulatory agencies) participated in 
meetings and provided input into both the development process and the 
content of the document known as API RP 1162. From the beginning of the 
process, PHMSA indicated to the task force and at public meetings that 
it would consider incorporating the guidance provided in RP 1162 within 
its planned rulemaking on operator public education programs.
    The development of API RP 1162 complies with API Procedures for 
Standards Development, as approved by the American National Standards 
Institute (ANSI). More information on the development of RP 1162 and on 
API procedures can be found online at  https://committees.api.org/
pipeline/standards/. Stakeholders had opportunities to 
provide comment during the document's development; this information is 
available in the docket.
    Industry trade organizations representing pipeline operators 
generally agreed with the direction of PHMSA and the work of the API RP 
1162 task force. In response, several trade organizations issued a 
Joint Statement on Enhancing Public Awareness Programs for the Pipeline 
Industry (May 28, 2003), which committed the industry to adopting ``* * 
* a consensus standard establishing a baseline public awareness program 
for pipeline operators * * *'' and urged PHMSA ``* * * to satisfy any 
need to supplement current requirements for public awareness programs 
by incorporating [API] RP 1162 into its regulations * * *.'' Executives 
from leading industry associations and organizations signed the joint 
statement.

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

    On June 24, 2004, PHMSA issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 
(NPRM) with request for comment (68 FR 35279), with comment period 
closing on August 23, 2004. PHMSA proposed to require each operator of 
a hazardous liquid or gas pipeline to develop, implement, and maintain 
a public education program compliant with the requirements of API RP 
1162. The proposal applied to all pipelines regulated under 49 CFR 
Parts 192 and 195, including:
     Interstate and intrastate hazardous liquid transmission 
pipelines;
     Interstate and intrastate natural gas transmission 
pipelines;
     Natural gas distribution pipelines; and
     Oil and gas gathering lines.
    PHMSA proposed that operators be required to develop and implement 
public awareness programs addressing specific stakeholder audiences. 
PHMSA noted that API RP 1162 provides program guidance for each 
audience regarding the types of messages to be delivered, the message 
delivery frequency, and the methods/media to deliver the message. API 
RP 1162 includes baseline program guidance applicable throughout the 
operator's pipeline system. It also includes supplemental guidance 
providing considerations to determine where, when, and how to enhance 
the baseline program to provide the appropriate level of public 
awareness outreach. Baseline and supplemental program recommendations 
for different pipeline operator types are summarized in a set of tables 
in API RP 1162. Additionally, the document provides that each operator 
establish and periodically update a written public education program 
covering all specified program elements.

II. Comment Discussion

    In response to the NPRM, PHMSA received written comments from: 
Pipeline operator companies (21); pipeline industry trade associations 
(8); the Gas Pipeline Technical Committee (GPTC); third-party vendors 
to the pipeline industry (2); members of the public (7); and the 
Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission, a state pipeline 
safety regulatory agency.
    Industry comments were received from: American Gas Association 
(AGA); American Petroleum Institute (API); American Association of Oil 
Pipelines (AOPL); American Public Gas Association (APGA); Atmos Energy; 
Burrton, KS, Municipal Gas Distribution (Jon Roberts); Columbia Gas 
Transmission Corporation; Duke Energy Field Services; Dynegy Midstream 
Services L.P.; El Paso Corporation; Enbridge Energy Company, Inc.; Gas 
Piping Technology Committee (GPTC); KeySpan Energy; Kinder Morgan Inc.; 
Michigan Consolidated Gas Company (MichCon); Nicor Gas; NiSource Energy 
Service Company; Paiute Pipeline (Southwest Gas Corporation); PECO; 
Peoples Gas Light and Coke Company; Pipeline Association for Public 
Awareness; PSEG Services Corporation; Southern California Gas Company 
and San Diego Gas and Electric; Southern Union Co.; Southwest Gas 
Corporation; Sunoco Logistics Partners, L.P.; Texas Oil and Gas 
Association (TxOGA); Interstate Natural Gas Association of America 
(INGAA); Texas Pipeline Association; and Xcel Energy.
    Third-party vendors to the pipeline industry submitting comments 
include Oleksa & Associates and Metrix Matrix Inc. Organizations and 
individuals representative of the public who submitted comments 
include: The Pipeline Safety Trust; the Washington State Citizens 
Committee on Pipeline Safety; and five individuals.
    Commenters overall were supportive of the need for pipeline 
operators to conduct and manage effective public awareness/education 
programs, acknowledging that such programs were vital to the safe 
operation of oil and gas pipelines. Commenters were generally 
supportive of the proposal to incorporate API RP 1162 by reference into 
rule. However, some commenters opposed the proposed approach of 
incorporating API RP 1162 in toto as a regulatory requirement, as 
described in the NPRM. These along with many others offered particular 
comments or suggested alternatives. Some commenters considered that the 
proposed rule does not go far enough in requiring operators to provide 
specific other information that is outside the current scope of the 
proposed rule, or did not require a broad enough outreach to the 
general public.
    The comments, discussed below, have been categorized as follows:

A. Need for the Rule.
B. Incorporation of API RP 1162 In Toto as a Regulatory Requirement.
C. ``Awareness'' versus ``Education'.
D. Inspection, Enforcement, and Compliance.
    1. Inspection Program.
    2. Cooperative Efforts.
    3. Implementation.
    4. Evaluation Frequency.
    5. Submission Periods.
E. Scope of the New Rule.
    1. Information Breadth.
    2. Rule Overlap.
    3. Emergency Response Plans.
F. Resource Requirements.

A. The Need for a Rule on Pipeline Operator Public Education Programs

    Several commenters opposed the adoption of API RP 1162 into a new 
rule based on the thought that there is no need for a new rule on 
public education at all. Two commenters stated that existing rules (49 
CFR 192.614, 192.615, and 192.616) are adequate. One noted that those 
existing rules should be more

[[Page 28837]]

effectively enforced. Another commenter opposed the proposed rule since 
the PSIA of 2002 was ``clear and unambiguous'' and that requiring 
operators to have effective public awareness programs through further 
regulation would be counterproductive. This and other commenters noted 
that the PSIA does not require DOT to develop standards prescribing the 
elements of public education programs. Another commenter opposed 
incorporating API RP 1162 into regulations until it has a chance to 
mature as operators implement it into their procedures.

Response

    PHMSA recognizes that operators should have existing public 
education programs under the current regulations requiring operators to 
conduct damage prevention programs (Sec.  192.614 and Sec.  195.442), 
establish emergency plans and maintain liaison with emergency officials 
(Sec.  192.615 and Sec.  195.402), and conduct public education 
programs (Sec.  192.616 and Sec.  195.440). However, PHMSA considers 
that these current regulations are limited in scope and specificity. 
Additionally, the results of operator self-assessments and public 
meetings revealed that some operators do not have adequate public 
education programs and are in need of specific guidance to comply.
    The broadened scope and added specificity provided in the guidance 
presented in API RP 1162 will be of significant benefit. Increased 
public awareness obtained through enhanced operator public education 
programs is expected to result in fewer pipeline accidents from third-
party damage and improved emergency response if pipeline accidents do 
occur. On this basis, pipeline industry organizations have already 
endorsed the incorporation by reference of API RP 1162 into new 
regulatory requirements for pipeline operator public education 
programs.
    Finally, the PSIA demonstrates Congressional intent and provides 
that DOT may issue standards prescribing elements of effective public 
education programs for pipeline operators. This rulemaking will assist 
operators in complying with Congressional mandates. PHMSA considers 
development and implementation of public education programs consistent 
with the guidance provided in API RP 1162 as enabling pipeline 
operators and regulators to evaluate operator programs for compliance 
and effectiveness. We believe the guidance will enable operators to 
determine where and how public awareness programs need to be modified 
to ensure their effectiveness.

B. Incorporation of API RP 1162 In Toto as a Regulatory Requirement

    Eight commenters, including APGA, AGA, and GPTC, opposed the rule 
as proposed on the basis that API RP 1162 should not be incorporated in 
its entirety and its guidance and recommendations should not be 
translated into requirements. Eleven other commenters, including API, 
AOPL, and INGAA expressed their support for the proposed rule and 
support for PHMSA's intent to incorporate API RP 1162 by reference. 
However, these commenters also cautioned that the effort was not 
developed, nor was it intended, as a requirements document. They noted 
that PHMSA should clarify specifically what is required of operators 
and that API RP 1162 should be referenced as Aguidance material only.''
    These commenters noted that PHMSA should ensure that the 
flexibility afforded operators to develop and implement effective 
public awareness programs according to their needs and unique system 
parameters, as was intended in API RP 1162, is retained. Their comments 
address the perception that API RP 1162 is a recommended practice 
providing guidance affording an operator flexibility to develop an 
optimum public awareness program, through the use of enabling words 
such as ``should,'' ``might,'' ``could,'' ``may,'' and ``can.'' They 
consider that such flexibility will be lost if RP 1162 is incorporated 
in toto into a rule. Concern exists that the guidance and 
recommendations would translate into requirements as those enabling 
words morph, through interpretation, into the prescriptive ``shall.''
    More than one commenter noted they realized this perception in the 
NPRM preamble language which conveyed that the guidance of API RP 1162 
was to become requirements to which operators must comply. At least 
three commenters quoted or paraphrased the preamble to the NPRM in 
support of this perception. The commenters noted that the NPRM stated: 
``The rule requires each pipeline operator to develop * * * a public 
education program that complies with the requirements of API RP 1162 * 
* *. API RP 1162 defines requirements * * * including baseline 
requirements * * * and supplemental requirements * * *. Operators are 
required to consider* * *.'' Multiple commenters noted that the 
proposed rule will make mandatory every guidance recommendation in API 
RP 1162 and that this will remove all flexibility for operators written 
into the practice and that will have a negative impact on operator 
public awareness programs. Several commenters also noted that this will 
lead to confusion among operators and regulators alike about what is 
enforceable and what is not.
    The APGA and the AGA both noted that PHMSA should reiterate its 
discussion published in 64 FR 15929, April 2, 1999, of how consensus 
standards, recommended practices, and publications are incorporated by 
reference. PHMSA considers that when an industry recommended practice 
is incorporated by reference into regulation, operators ``would be 
expected to follow the provisions [of the recommended practice] unless 
the operator notes in the procedural manual the reasons why compliance 
with all or certain provisions is not necessary * * *.''
Response
    PHMSA recognizes that adoption of recommended practices into 
regulation can cause some concern as the distinction between 
requirements and recommendations is not always clear. Under this rule, 
each operator is required to develop and implement a public awareness 
program consistent with the guidance provided in API RP 1162. The 
operator's program must include all applicable elements of API RP 1162 
that are baseline, or the operator must document the rationale and 
justification for why those elements are not included in its program. 
The operator must also document consideration as to the supplemental 
elements of RP 1162 and provide the basis for program inclusion or 
exclusion of those elements. The Appendices to RP 1162 are intended to 
provide additional information, clarification, and examples relative to 
the guidance provided in the practice.
    There is no intent that every occurrence of ``should,'' ``may,'' or 
``can'' found in API RP 1162 be translated to ``shall'' as a result of 
incorporation of the practice by reference into the rule. As noted by 
APGA and AGA, PHMSA previously expressed \6\ its position regarding 
operator consideration of practices that are incorporated into 
regulation by reference. The Final Rule is consistent with that 
position; operators will have to follow the provisions of the practice 
unless the operator notes in its procedural manual the reasons why 
compliance with all or certain provisions of the practice is 
circumstantially unnecessary.
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    \6\ Reference 64 FR 15929, April 2, 1999.

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[[Page 28838]]

    In addition to developing public awareness programs reflecting 
consideration of the provisions of API RP 1162, under the PSIA of 2002, 
those operator programs shall specifically: Include provisions to 
educate the public on the use of a one-call notification system prior 
to excavation and other damage prevention activities; identify possible 
hazards associated with unintended releases from the pipeline facility; 
identify physical indications that such a release may have occurred; 
outline the steps that should be taken for public safety in the event 
of a pipeline release; and outline the steps on how to report such an 
event. The programs shall include activities to advise affected 
municipalities, school districts, businesses, and residents of pipeline 
facility locations.

C. ``Awareness'' Versus ``Education''

    Several commenters suggested there was a distinction between public 
``awareness'' as used in API RP 1162 and public ``education'' as used 
in the proposed rule. They proposed that PHMSA should clarify that the 
two terms refer to the same program obligation. One commenter said the 
use of `awareness' is an ``improvement over `education' in that 
`awareness'' implies two-way communication instead of the one-way 
communication implied by `education.' ''
Response
    PHMSA considers ``public education programs,'' as used in the PSIA, 
and ``public awareness programs,'' as used in API RP 1162, to address 
the same concept. The level of public awareness regarding pipeline 
operations and safety can be improved only through demonstratively 
effective education and communication programs.

D. Inspection, Enforcement, and Compliance

1. Inspection Programs
    Several commenters, including API, AOPL, Kinder-Morgan, and 
Enbridge, commented that PHMSA should consider using a centralized 
group to perform operator inspections and enforcement for the new rule 
rather than handling inspection and enforcement through separate field 
organizations. This, they noted, would allow PHMSA to designate and 
train a more specialized group of inspectors and would promote a more 
consistent approach in the interpretations of many aspects of API RP 
1162 that are not prescriptive in nature. Some commenters used the 
analogy of PHMSA's integrity management approach wherein teams composed 
of inspectors from across different regions were used to inspect 
operators against program criteria.
Response
    PHMSA will develop criteria to evaluate operator public awareness 
programs against the requirements of this rule. The use of a standard 
set of criteria will facilitate consistent requirements interpretations 
and operator program evaluations.
    PHMSA is considering the use of an approach wherein a third-party 
contractor would serve as a clearinghouse. The contractor would perform 
the initial reviews of operator programs against pre-defined criteria 
for completeness and minimal adequacy. This third-party review would 
utilize a checklist approach to identify if operator programs included 
all of the elements of a fully-developed program consistent with the 
rule and with the guidance provided in API RP 1162. The results of such 
third-party reviews would be used to identify where best to use PHMSA 
inspector resources in inspecting particular operator programs in 
further detail in the field. One PHMSA emphasis is on building 
effective programs; consideration is being given to having the third-
party contractor work interactively with operators, where appropriate, 
to establish a more fully-developed program.
2. Cooperative Efforts
    Several commenters suggested PHMSA should provide clear direction 
to operators regarding the acceptability of cooperative or coalition 
efforts. These comments address the possibility that operators may want 
to join together cooperatively to achieve cost-effectiveness in 
outreach efforts along common rights-of-way or within geographic areas. 
Similarly, AGA and Southwest Gas Corporation noted that operators 
having transmission and distribution facilities within the same 
geographic area should have the flexibility to design either separate 
or common programs for those facilities. These comments pose the 
possibility that some operators may want to take advantage of surveys 
and evaluations performed by trade associations and others to 
demonstrate the effectiveness of their own outreach efforts.
Response
    API RP 1162 provides general ``baseline'' program recommendations 
for the audiences, message content, and communication frequencies that 
operators should consider in the development and implementation of 
their public awareness programs. It also provides supplemental guidance 
that should be considered for use in particular situations where it is 
appropriate to enhance the baseline program. It does not specify 
details of how each operator is to achieve effective public awareness 
nor does it attempt to suggest which approach would be most effective 
in all cases. Rather, API RP 1162 specifically notes that it does not 
take into consideration the unique attributes and characteristics of 
individual pipeline operators' pipelines and facilities. Neither is 
PHMSA, in incorporating API RP 1162 by reference into this rule, 
attempting to define the method or approach operators must use (or not 
use) to achieve effective programs.
    Each operator must consider the unique characteristics of its 
pipelines and facilities, including their geographic location and 
proximity to other facilities. Operators must then determine the 
methods and approach that will achieve the best results in ensuring 
that educational outreach efforts reach those audiences that may be 
affected by, and should be aware of, the operator's facilities. 
Similarly, operators must choose the most appropriate methods for 
evaluating program effectiveness. As noted in Section 8.4.2 of API RP 
1162, an operator may choose to participate in and use the results of 
surveys performed by others to evaluate the effectiveness of its 
program. The operator is cautioned that surveys performed by others 
must allow the operator to demonstrate results relevant to the 
operator's own facilities and public awareness program.
3. Implementation
    Several commenters noted that operators should be allowed from one 
to two years following publication of the Final Rule to develop and 
implement public education programs to meet the rule requirements. Some 
stated this time would be necessary for operators to ensure programs 
are fully compliant with the new regulation and to develop a schedule 
for implementation consistent with their annual budget cycles.
Response
    Operators should have in place some level of existing public 
awareness/education programs under current regulations requiring 
operators to conduct damage prevention programs (Sec.  192.614 and 
Sec.  195.442), to establish emergency plans and maintain liaison with 
emergency officials (Sec.  192.615 and Sec.  195.402), and to conduct 
public

[[Page 28839]]

education programs (Sec.  192.616 and Sec.  195.440). However, PHMSA 
recognizes that the additional efforts necessary to evaluate and 
further develop those programs, (consistent with this rule and the 
guidance provided in API RP 1162), and the efforts necessary to begin 
implementation of the enhanced programs, may take longer for some 
operators than others. Accordingly, operators must be prepared to 
submit for review their completed programs to the Secretary of 
Transportation or, in the case of an intrastate pipeline facility 
operator, the appropriate State agency, no later than 12 months 
following the publication date of the rule. As an exception, operators 
of small liquid propane distribution systems having less than 25 
customers and master meter operators having less than 25 customers must 
be prepared to submit their completed programs to the appropriate 
regulatory agency for review no later than 24 months following the 
publication date of the rule. PHMSA encourages electronic submission of 
operator programs. Specific guidance regarding the exact timing and 
procedures for such submission will be provided in a future regulatory 
notice. Operator program documentation and evaluation results must be 
available for periodic review by appropriate regulatory agencies.
4. Evaluation Frequency
    Several commenters noted that the rule should specify the frequency 
by which operators are required to evaluate their public awareness 
programs for effectiveness. The Washington Utilities and Transportation 
Commission (WUTC) considered that it is important in the early stages 
of implementing improved public education programs that operators 
conduct effectiveness reviews at least every two years, if not 
annually. WUTC noted that only by emphasizing results could the 
flexibility of the guidelines provided by API RP 1162 be retained while 
ensuring that operator programs are effectively reaching intended 
audiences. Others cautioned that it may be difficult for operators to 
draw a direct cause-and-effect relationship between enhanced public 
outreach and improved performance in damage prevention or emergency 
response. Some commented that it is important for operators to 
establish a baseline evaluation of their programs before making 
changes.
Response
    PHMSA believes strongly that program evaluation is a key component 
for improving the effectiveness of operator public education programs 
and for improving pipeline safety awareness. Prior to the development 
of the industry standard API RP 1162, pipeline operators were required 
by regulation to have ongoing public education programs. However, 
without periodic evaluations to determine if those programs are 
reaching the intended audiences and increasing audience awareness of 
the appropriate and necessary safety information, the impact and 
effectiveness of an operator's program cannot be determined. Performing 
evaluations of the programs and making necessary adjustments are the 
only ways to ensure implementation as designed and effectiveness in 
achieving intended goals. Effective programs will increase: Pipeline 
safety awareness; understanding of pipeline operations; associated 
public and environmental risks; and the preventive and mitigative steps 
needed and taken to reduce those risks. Benefits can include: improved 
results in damage prevention; reduced encroachments on pipeline rights-
of-way; improved pipeline safety and environmental performance; and 
enhanced emergency response coordination.
    PHMSA considers it important that operators perform and document an 
initial baseline evaluation of their programs to validate the 
operator's program. Based upon the results of the evaluation, operators 
should revise or update their program(s), determine the frequency of 
subsequent evaluations, and document the basis for determining the 
frequency of subsequent evaluations consistent with the guidance 
provided in API RP 1162.
5. Submission Periods
    Several commenters, including API, AOPL, Enbridge, and TxOGA, noted 
that operators should only be required to submit their public education 
programs to PHMSA one time. They felt that subsequent periodic 
submissions of operator programs or other related information and 
records should not be required, and that PHMSA should rely on its 
inspection program to evaluate continued operator compliance with the 
rule. Enbridge commented that ``the review of programs, materials and 
documentation at an Operator's workplace is far more useful for OPS 
than submission by mail of written programs and materials. * * * 
without interaction with the Operator * * * it will not be possible to 
complete a robust assessment of a program.'' Enbridge noted that it 
conducts outreach along many thousands of miles of pipe, which requires 
more than a million mailings and hundreds of records of the contacts 
with the target audience, and that periodic submissions of such 
information from all operators would be of no utility to PHMSA.
Response
    Currently, PHMSA does not intend to periodically require operators 
to submit public awareness program documentation following the initial 
submission. However, if PHMSA believes an operator's program or its 
implementation is inadequate for safety, additional information may be 
required. Some state regulations may establish different requirements 
for submission of program material.

E. Scope of the New Rule

1. Information Breadth
    API, AOPL, and INGAA commented on the intent and breadth of 
information to be communicated to stakeholder audiences under API RP 
1162 and this rule. They commented that RP 1162 is only part of a 
broader effort to enhance public communications. They emphasized that 
RP 1162 is intended to focus affected stakeholders on the presence of 
pipelines and facilities in their area and on recognizing and 
responding to emergency situations. The recommended practice was not 
intended to address sharing of data and information on topics such as: 
(1) Performance of operator's pipeline safety and integrity programs; 
(2) detailed mapping; (3) communication needs explicit to the siting of 
new pipelines; or (4) individual accident/incident response activities. 
Commenters believe that work on these topics will be better served with 
different approaches.
    Others however, called for the proposed rule to include even 
broader requirements. Suggestions included having operators make 
available to the public plans and program documentation related to each 
operator's: integrity management program; testing, maintenance, and 
repairs; pipeline operating history; and education program evaluation 
results.
Response
    This rule focuses on requirements for operators to establish and 
implement public awareness programs to provide outreach to a variety of 
audiences. The primary focus of these programs, as mandated in the PSIA 
and as qualified in API RP 1162, is to educate the public on: Use of a 
one-call notification system prior to excavation and other damage 
prevention activities; possible hazards associated with unintended 
releases from the pipeline facility; physical

[[Page 28840]]

indications that such a release may have occurred; steps that should be 
taken for public safety in the event of a pipeline release; and 
procedures to report such an event. These programs will also include 
activities to advise and increase the awareness by affected 
municipalities, school districts, businesses, and residents of pipeline 
facility locations.
    There is no intent to include within the scope of the rule 
requirements pertaining to operators, any additional communications 
regarding new pipeline siting or construction, emergency communications 
necessary as a result of a pipeline accident, or operator performance 
results addressed through other means of communication or regulatory 
reporting.
2. Rule Overlap
    PHMSA received several comments regarding the scope of this rule 
and API RP 1162 relative to similar requirements under current 
regulations that require operators to conduct damage prevention 
programs (Sec.  192.614 and Sec.  195.442), establish emergency plans, 
maintain liaison with emergency officials (Sec.  192.615 and Sec.  
195.402), and conduct public education programs (Sec.  192.616 and 
Sec.  195.440). Additionally, AGA, TxOGA and several gas transmission 
pipeline operators commented that PHMSA should acknowledge an overlap 
between this rule's requirements and the public communication 
requirements found in the gas integrity management rule, 49 CFR 
192.911(m).
Response
    PHMSA recognizes that there is some overlap between this rule and 
the existing regulatory requirements cited in the comments, however, 
there is no conflict created by this rule's issuance. It requires 
operators to develop and implement improved public awareness programs 
consistent with the guidance provided in API RP 1162 and the 
requirements of the PSIA of 2002. Specific requirements for certain 
aspects of external communications by an operator are noted in the 
regulations cited in the comments. Those specific requirements may be 
enhanced by the guidance provided in API RP 1162. The existence of 
overlapping or similar requirements should not cause undue burden on 
any operator. In some cases, achieving compliance with one requirement 
may result in simultaneous compliance with another without the need for 
additional actions. Operators may already have or may develop 
integrated public awareness and external communication programs 
addressing compliance with all requirements under a single umbrella. 
Demonstrating compliance will simply involve demonstrating where and 
how the operator's program addresses the various elements. The issuance 
of this rule on pipeline operator public awareness programs does not 
impact or provide any relief to operators regarding compliance 
deadlines previously imposed by the gas integrity management regulatory 
requirement in 49 CFR 192.911(m) or the imposed deadline referenced in 
49 CFR 192.907.
3. Emergency Response Plans
    Southwest Gas Corporation and its subsidiary Paiute Pipeline 
Company commented that API RP 1162 provides that ``emergency 
preparedness response plans should be developed for use internally and 
externally with appropriate officials.'' They also noted that API RP 
1162 indicates that ``the operator should include information about how 
emergency officials can access the operator's emergency response 
plan.'' Southwest and Paiute questioned if the emergency response plan 
referred to in API RP 1162 is the same as required by 49 CFR 192.615 
and, if so, is it PHMSA's intent for operators to provide emergency 
officials a copy of the their emergency response plans.
Response
    This rule on public awareness programs does not amend or change the 
requirements of Sec.  192.615 Emergency Plans. Accordingly, operators 
are still required to establish and maintain liaison with appropriate 
emergency officials. Emergency liaison activities include communicating 
with officials regarding operator resources and actions during an 
emergency along with relating the emergency organization's capabilities 
and roles. There is no requirement within Sec.  192.615 to provide 
emergency officials with copies of operator emergency response plans, 
especially not, as implied by the comments, for the purpose of non-
operator persons assuming control of the pipeline system.

F. Resource Requirements

    Many commenters disagreed with PHMSA's conclusion that the costs to 
implement this rule would be minimal. They pointed out that, although 
most operators have public education programs, the incremental effort 
to implement API RP 1162 could be significant. In particular, 
commenters noted that polling public knowledge (as specified in Section 
8 of the recommended practice), could be a significant cost. The 
Interstate Natural Gas Association of America suggested that PHMSA 
recognize the value of operator cooperative evaluation and survey 
efforts. The Pipeline Association for Public Awareness also noted that 
cooperative efforts are one way to create efficiencies in reaching 
program goals.
Response
    Much of the concern involving costs centered on the 
misunderstanding that the rule would have made all provisions of API RP 
1162 mandatory. As described elsewhere in this notice, that is not the 
case. The Final Rule requires that operators develop and implement 
public awareness programs, which many operators have already done. 
Operators will need to evaluate their programs against the 
recommendations in API RP 1162 to determine if changes are appropriate. 
Many operators, particularly the larger ones, have already performed 
such evaluations, have determined that program modifications are 
necessary, and have begun making changes to their programs.\7\ 
Operators will retain flexibility in deciding which recommendations are 
appropriate for their programs. Operators will need to document, in 
their procedures, why other elements need not be implemented given 
their circumstances. PHMSA acknowledges that this evaluation process 
will require more than a ``minimal'' effort. Still, we expect that the 
effort should be relatively small on a per operator basis. There may 
also be some costs to implement program changes. These, too, are 
expected to be relatively small on a per operator basis, since many 
operators already have programs that are expected to incorporate many 
of the recommendations of RP 1162 and some have begun to make changes 
to their programs based on that guidance.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ Results of Operator Self-Assessments Required In Response to 
the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002 (https://
primis.rspa.dot.gov/edu/RP1162/SA_Statistics_050704.pdf).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    PHMSA does acknowledge that cooperative efforts can be an 
appropriate means of controlling the costs associated with surveying 
public knowledge of pipeline safety. Operators can conduct surveys on 
their own, or they may participate in broader cooperative efforts. 
Where a broader effort is used, each operator will be expected to 
document its conduct and how it relates to the specific operator's 
program and circumstances.

[[Page 28841]]

Regulatory Analyses and Notices

Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

    The Department of Transportation (DOT) does not consider this rule 
to be a significant regulatory action under section 3(f) of Executive 
Order 12866 (58 FR 51735; October 4, 1993). This rule is considered 
non-significant under DOT's regulatory policies and procedures (44 FR 
11034: February 26, 1979). PHMSA prepared a Final Regulatory Evaluation 
for this rule and placed it in the public docket. The evaluation 
concludes that the RP 1162's adoption represents the most cost-
effective alternative for implementing the public education provisions 
of PSIA 2002. Furthermore, PHMSA expects that the RP 1162's adoption 
will have a positive net benefit for pipeline operators, public safety, 
and the public environment. Most operators have existing public 
awareness programs, some of which may need to be expanded to meet the 
requirements of RP 1162. This is not expected to involve significant 
cost, as operators have flexibility in determining which provisions of 
the practice must be implemented in their programs. In addition to 
addressing the Congressional mandate, this rule increases public 
awareness obtained through the expansion of public education programs. 
It is expected to increase emergency response. Pipeline industry 
organizations endorsed the use of RP 1162 as the basis for pipeline 
operator public awareness/education programs.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), PHMSA 
must consider whether a rulemaking would have a significant impact on a 
substantial number of small entities.
    PHMSA developed this rule in compliance with Executive Order 13272 
(Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking) and DOT's 
procedures and policies to promote compliance with the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act. This ensures that the potential impacts of proposed 
rules on small entities are properly considered. The majority of gas 
transmission and hazardous liquid pipeline operators are large 
entities. Of the pipeline operators that are small entities, the 
majority are gas distribution operators.
    Two trade associations represent natural gas distribution 
operators, The American Gas Association (AGA) and the American Public 
Gas Association (APGA). The APGA represents municipally-operated gas 
distribution systems. Conversations between PHMSA and APGA indicate 
that there are approximately 950 municipally operated gas distribution 
operators. APGA represents 600 of these. Of these 600, APGA estimates 
that 550 of them would be classified as small entities. The APGA held 
two teleconferences for its members. PHMSA reported in the notice of 
proposed rulemaking that APGA indicated compliance with the provisions 
of this rule would not represent a significant impact on its members, 
because of the possibility of flexibility in implementing the 
standard's requirements. APGA indicated that it would be willing to 
help small pipeline operators comply with this regulation through 
training and development of model programs.
    APGA submitted comments on the rule concluding it would have 
significant impact on its members and that PHMSA had failed to satisfy 
the requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. APGA's comments 
indicated that their conclusion was based on the belief that the rule, 
as proposed, had removed the flexibility inherent in the recommended 
practice by converting all of its provisions to binding requirements. 
As explained elsewhere in this preamble, the Final Rule does not have 
that effect. The rule requires that operators develop and implement 
public awareness programs, and references API RP 1162, but does not 
make all the provisions in the recommended practice mandatory. 
Operators must consider each provision and they must either implement 
each, or include in their procedures a documented reason why the 
provision is not appropriate for their public awareness program(s). 
Thus, some level of documentation is required for each provision, 
demonstrating its consideration and the basis for not incorporating it 
(if applicable). However, operator programs need not include all 
elements of the standard. PHMSA concludes that the flexibility that was 
assumed to exist at the time that APGA made the statements referenced 
in the notice of proposed rulemaking is still inherent in this Final 
Rule.
    Based upon the above information showing that the economic impact 
of this rule on small entities will be minimal, I certify under section 
605 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act that this regulation will not 
have a significant impact on a substantial number of small entities.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    This rule contains some information collection requirements. As 
required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3507(d)), 
DOT will submit a copy of the Paperwork Reduction Act analysis to the 
Office of Management and Budget for its review and to the docket. The 
requirements for information collection include development by each 
pipeline operator of a written public awareness program in compliance 
with API RP 1162. In addition, API RP 1162 includes requirements for 
public awareness program documentation and recordkeeping. A pipeline 
industry group developed the standard which reflects industry practices 
for these aspects of operator programs. Some operators may have 
increased required levels of documentation and recordkeeping, but these 
are not expected to be significant. Therefore, PHMSA concludes that 
this rule contains a total of 517,480 hours of additional paperwork 
burden for the 22,500 hazardous liquid, natural gas transmission, 
natural gas distribution, and master meter systems operators. PHMSA 
estimated that on average, it will take an operator an additional 23 
hours annually to meet the paperwork burden which includes development 
of public awareness plan as well as recordkeeping requirements, at a 
total cost of $33.7 million.

Executive Order 13175

    PHMSA analyzed this rule under the principles and criteria 
contained in Executive Order 13084 (Consultation and Coordination with 
Indian Tribal Governments). Because this rule does not significantly or 
uniquely affect the communities of the Indian tribal governments and 
does not impose substantial direct compliance costs, the funding and 
consultation requirements of Executive Order 13175 do not apply.

Executive Order 13132

    PHMSA analyzed this rule under the principles and criteria 
contained in Executive Order 13132 (Federalism). This rule does not 
propose any regulation that: (1) Has substantial direct effects on the 
States, the relationship between the national government and the 
States, or the distribution of power and responsibilities among the 
various levels of government; (2) imposes substantial direct compliance 
costs on States and local governments; or (3) preempts State law. 
Therefore, the consultation and funding requirements of Executive Order 
13132 (64 FR 43255; August 10, 1999) do not apply. It should be noted 
that representatives of the National Association of Pipeline Safety 
Representatives (NAPSR), which

[[Page 28842]]

includes State pipeline safety regulators, participated extensively in 
the development and review of API RP 1162, which forms the basis for 
this rule.

Unfunded Mandates

    This rule does not impose unfunded mandates under the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995. It does not result in costs of $100 
million or more to either State, local, or tribal governments, in the 
aggregate, or to the private sector. An industry working group, along 
with participants from NAPSR, developed API RP 1162, which forms the 
basis for the rule. Industry organizations endorsed this approach to 
setting requirements for operator public awareness programs. PHMSA 
believes this to be the least burdensome alternative that achieves the 
rule's objective.

National Environmental Policy Act

    PHMSA analyzed this rule for purposes of the National Environmental 
Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and determined that this 
action will not have a significant impact on the environment. The 
Environmental Assessment of this rule is available for review in the 
docket.

Executive Order 13211

    This rulemaking is not a ``significant energy action'' under 
Executive Order 13211 (Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use). It is not 
likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, 
distribution, or use of energy. Further, this rulemaking has not been 
designated by the Administrator of the Office of Information and 
Regulatory Affairs as a significant energy action.

List of Subjects

 49 CFR Part 192

    Pipeline safety, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

49 CFR Part 195

    Pipeline safety, Incorporation by reference, and Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.


0
In consideration of the foregoing, PHMSA amends parts 192 and 195 of 
Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations as follows:

PART 192--TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE: 
MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS

0
1. The authority citation for Part 192 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60104, 60108, 60109, 60110, 
60113, 60116, and 60118; and 49 CFR 1.53.


0
2. Section 192.7 is amended in the table in paragraph (c)(2) by adding 
a new item B.(5) to read as follows:


Sec.  192.7  Incorporation by reference.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Source and name of referenced material          49 CFR reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
B. * * *
(5) API Recommended Practice 1162 ``Public Awareness      Sec.   192.616
 Programs for Pipeline Operators,'' First Edition
 (December 2003)....................................
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------


0
3. Section 192.616 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  192.616  Public awareness.

    (a) Each pipeline operator must develop and implement a written 
continuing public education program that follows the guidance provided 
in the American Petroleum Institute's (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 
1162 (IBR, see Sec.  192.7).
    (b) The operator's program must follow the general program 
recommendations of API RP 1162 and assess the unique attributes and 
characteristics of the operator's pipeline and facilities.
    (c) The operator must follow the general program recommendations of 
API RP 1162, unless the operator provides justification in its program 
or procedural manual as to why compliance with all or certain 
provisions of the recommended practice is not practicable and not 
necessary for safety.
    (d) The operator's program must specifically include provisions to 
educate the public, appropriate government organizations, and persons 
engaged in excavation related activities on:
    (1) Use of