Aluminum-magnesium Hydroxy Carbonate; Notice of Filing a Pesticide Petition for Exemption from Tolerance, 20545-20549 [05-7330]
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 75 / Wednesday, April 20, 2005 / Notices
phone: (919) 541–5271, or e-mail:
richmond.harvey@epa.gov.
Availability of Meeting Materials: The
draft Ozone Health Assessment Plan can
be accessed via the Agency’s
Technology Transfer Network (TTN)
Web site at: https://www.epa.gov/ttn/
naaqs/standards/ozone/
s_o3_index.html under ‘‘Planning
Documents.’’
In addition, a copy of the draft agenda
for this meeting will be posted on the
SAB Web site at: https://www.epa.gov/
sab (under the ‘‘Agendas’’ subheading)
in advance of this CASAC Ozone
Review Panel meeting. Other meeting
materials, including the charge to the
CASAC Ozone Review Panel, will be
posted on the SAB Web site at: https://
www.epa.gov/sab/panels/
casacorpanel.html prior to this meeting.
Providing Oral or Written Comments
at SAB Meetings: It is the policy of the
SAB Staff Office to accept written
public comments of any length, and to
accommodate oral public comments
whenever possible. The SAB Staff Office
expects that public statements presented
at its face-to-face meetings and
teleconferences will not be repetitive of
previously-submitted oral or written
statements. Oral Comments: In general,
each individual or group requesting an
oral presentation at a meeting or
teleconference will be limited to a total
time of five minutes (unless otherwise
indicated). For scheduling purposes,
requests to provide oral comments must
be in writing (e-mail, fax or mail) and
received by Mr. Butterfield no later than
noon Eastern Time five business days
prior to the meeting in order to reserve
time on the meeting agenda. Speakers
should bring at least 75 copies of their
comments and presentation slides for
distribution to the reviewers and public
at the meeting. Written Comments:
Although the SAB Staff Office accepts
written comments until the date of the
meeting (unless otherwise stated),
written comments should be received in
the SAB Staff Office no later than noon
Eastern Time five business days prior to
the meeting so that the comments may
be made available to the CASAC Ozone
Review Panel for their consideration.
Comments should be supplied to Mr.
Butterfield (preferably via e-mail) at the
address/contact information noted
above, as follows: one hard copy with
original signature, and one electronic
copy via e-mail (acceptable file format:
Adobe Acrobat PDF, WordPerfect, MS
Word, MS PowerPoint, or Rich Text
files (in IBM–PC/Windows 98/2000/XP
format)). Those providing written
comments and who attend the meeting
in person are also asked to bring 75
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copies of their comments for public
distribution.
Meeting Access: Individuals requiring
special accommodation at this meeting,
including wheelchair access to the
conference room, should contact Mr.
Butterfield at the phone number or an
e-mail address noted above at least five
business days prior to the meeting so
that appropriate arrangements can be
made.
Dated: April 14, 2005.
Vanessa T. Vu,
Director, PA Science Advisory Board Staff
Office.
[FR Doc. 05–7935 Filed 4–19–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
[OPPT–2005–0012; FRL–7712–5]
Endocrine Disruptor Methods
Validation Advisory Committee
(EDMVAC); Notice of Public Meeting;
Correction
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: EPA announced in the
Federal Register of April 8, 2005, a
meeting of the Endocrine Disruptor
Methods Validation Advisory
Committee (EDMVAC) on April 26–28,
2005, in Washington, DC. The document
incorrectly listed the weekdays of the
actual meeting. This document corrects
that error.
DATES: The meeting will be held on
Tuesday, April 26, 2005, from 12:30
p.m. to 5:30 p.m.; Wednesday, April 27,
2005, from 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.; and
Thursday, April 28, 2005, from 8 a.m. to
12:15 p.m., eastern standard time.
ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held at
RESOLVE, 1255 23rd St., NW., Suite
275, Washington, DC 20037.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jane
Smith, Designated Federal Official
(DFO), Office of Science Coordination
and Policy (7203M), Office of
Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances (OPPTS), Environmental
Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania
Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460–
0001; telephone number: (202) 564–
8476; fax number: (202) 564–8482; email address: smith.jane-scott@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
20545
potentially affected by the action. If you
have any questions regarding the
applicability of this action to a
particular entity, consult the person
listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT.
B. How Can I Get Additional
Information, Including Copies of this
Document or Other Related Documents?
In addition to using EDOCKET
(https://www.epa.gov/edocket/), you may
access this Federal Register document
electronically through the EPA Internet
under the ‘‘Federal Register’’ listings
athttps://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
A list of the EDMVAC members and
meeting materials are available at
https://www.epa.gov/scipoly/oscpendo/
and in the public docket.
II. What Does this Correction Do?
In the Federal Register of April 8,
2005 (70 FR 17995) (FRL–7708–9), EPA
published a notice announcing a
meeting of the Endocrine Disruptor
Methods Validation Advisory
Committee (EDMVAC) on April 26–28,
2005, in Washington, DC. The document
incorrectly listed the weekdays of the
actual meeting.
The document is corrected as follows:
On page 17995, third column, the first
sentence under the ‘‘DATES’’ unit is
corrected to read as follows:
‘‘The meeting will be held on
Tuesday, April 26, 2005, from 12:30
p.m. to 5:30 p.m.; Wednesday, April 27,
2005, from 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.; and
Thursday, April 28, 2005, from 8 a.m. to
12:15 p.m., eastern standard time.’’
List of Subjects
Environmental protection, Endocrine
disruptors, Hazardous substances,
Health, Safety.
Dated: April 15, 2005.
Larry Dorsey,
Acting Director, Office of Science
Coordination and Policy.
[FR Doc. 05–7919 Filed 4–19–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–S
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
[OPP–2005–0076; FRL–7703–9]
Aluminum-magnesium Hydroxy
Carbonate; Notice of Filing a Pesticide
Petition for Exemption from Tolerance
A. Does this Action Apply to Me?
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice.
The Agency included in the April 8,
2005, Notice a list of those who may be
SUMMARY: This notice announces the
initial filing of a pesticide petition
I. General Information
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AGENCY:
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proposing the establishment of
regulations for residues of a certain
pesticide chemical in or on various food
commodities.
DATES: Comments, identified by docket
identification (ID) number OPP–2005–
0076, must be received on or before May
20, 2005.
ADDRESSES: Comments may be
submitted electronically, by mail, or
through hand delivery/courier. Follow
the detailed instructions as provided in
Unit I. of the SUPPLEMENTARY
INFORMATION.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Kathleen Martin, Registration Division
(7505C), Office of Pesticide Programs,
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington,
DC 20460–0001; telephone number:
(703) 308–2857; e-mail address:
martin.kathleen@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does this Action Apply to Me?
You may be potentially affected by
this action if you are an agricultural
producer, food manufacturer, or
pesticide manufacturer. Potentially
affected entities may include, but are
not limited to:
• Crop production (NAICS 111)
• Animal production (NAICS 112)
• Food manufacturing (NAICS 311)
• Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS
32532)
This listing is not intended to be
exhaustive, but rather provides a guide
for readers regarding entities likely to be
affected by this action. Other types of
entities not listed in this unit could also
be affected. The North American
Industrial Classification System
(NAICS) codes have been provided to
assist you and others in determining
whether this action might apply to
certain entities. If you have any
questions regarding the applicability of
this action to a particular entity, consult
the person listed under FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT.
B. How Can I Get Copies of this
Document and Other Related
Information?
1. Docket. EPA has established an
official public docket for this action
under docket ID number OPP–2005–
0076. The official public docket consists
of the documents specifically referenced
in this action, any public comments
received, and other information related
to this action. Although a part of the
official docket, the public docket does
not include Confidential Business
Information (CBI) or other information
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whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
The official public docket is the
collection of materials that is available
for public viewing at the Public
Information and Records Integrity
Branch (PIRIB), Rm. 119, Crystal Mall
#2, 1801 S. Bell St., Arlington, VA. This
docket facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to
4 p.m., Monday through Friday,
excluding legal holidays. The docket
telephone number is (703) 305–5805.
2. Electronic access. You may access
this Federal Register document
electronically through the EPA Internet
under the ‘‘Federal Register’’ listings at
https://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
An electronic version of the public
docket is available through EPA’s
electronic public docket and comment
system, EPA Dockets. You may use EPA
Dockets at https://www.epa.gov/edocket/
to submit or view public comments,
access the index listing of the contents
of the official public docket, and to
access those documents in the public
docket that are available electronically.
Although not all docket materials may
be available electronically, you may still
access any of the publicly available
docket materials through the docket
facility identified in Unit I.B.1. Once in
the system, select ‘‘search,’’ then key in
the appropriate docket ID number.
Certain types of information will not
be placed in the EPA Dockets.
Information claimed as CBI and other
information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute, which is not
included in the official public docket,
will not be available for public viewing
in EPA’s electronic public docket. EPA’s
policy is that copyrighted material will
not be placed in EPA’s electronic public
docket but will be available only in
printed, paper form in the official public
docket. To the extent feasible, publicly
available docket materials will be made
available in EPA’s electronic public
docket. When a document is selected
from the index list in EPA Dockets, the
system will identify whether the
document is available for viewing in
EPA’s electronic public docket.
Although not all docket materials may
be available electronically, you may still
access any of the publicly available
docket materials through the docket
facility identified in Unit I.B.1. EPA
intends to work towards providing
electronic access to all of the publicly
available docket materials through
EPA’s electronic public docket.
For public commenters, it is
important to note that EPA’s policy is
that public comments, whether
submitted electronically or in paper,
will be made available for public
viewing in EPA’s electronic public
docket as EPA receives them and
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without change, unless the comment
contains copyrighted material, CBI, or
other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. When EPA
identifies a comment containing
copyrighted material, EPA will provide
a reference to that material in the
version of the comment that is placed in
EPA’s electronic public docket. The
entire printed comment, including the
copyrighted material, will be available
in the public docket.
Public comments submitted on
computer disks that are mailed or
delivered to the docket will be
transferred to EPA’s electronic public
docket. Public comments that are
mailed or delivered to the docket will be
scanned and placed in EPA’s electronic
public docket. Where practical, physical
objects will be photographed, and the
photograph will be placed in EPA’s
electronic public docket along with a
brief description written by the docket
staff.
C. How and to Whom Do I Submit
Comments?
You may submit comments
electronically, by mail, or through hand
delivery/courier. To ensure proper
receipt by EPA, identify the appropriate
docket ID number in the subject line on
the first page of your comment. Please
ensure that your comments are
submitted within the specified comment
period. Comments received after the
close of the comment period will be
marked ‘‘late.’’ EPA is not required to
consider these late comments. If you
wish to submit CBI or information that
is otherwise protected by statute, please
follow the instructions in Unit I.D. Do
not use EPA Dockets or e-mail to submit
CBI or information protected by statute.
1. Electronically. If you submit an
electronic comment as prescribed in this
unit, EPA recommends that you include
your name, mailing address, and an email address or other contact
information in the body of your
comment. Also include this contact
information on the outside of any disk
or CD ROM you submit, and in any
cover letter accompanying the disk or
CD ROM. This ensures that you can be
identified as the submitter of the
comment and allows EPA to contact you
in case EPA cannot read your comment
due to technical difficulties or needs
further information on the substance of
your comment. EPA’s policy is that EPA
will not edit your comment, and any
identifying or contact information
provided in the body of a comment will
be included as part of the comment that
is placed in the official public docket,
and made available in EPA’s electronic
public docket. If EPA cannot read your
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comment due to technical difficulties
and cannot contact you for clarification,
EPA may not be able to consider your
comment.
i. EPA Dockets. Your use of EPA’s
electronic public docket to submit
comments to EPA electronically is
EPA’s preferred method for receiving
comments. Go directly to EPA Dockets
at https://www.epa.gov/edocket/, and
follow the online instructions for
submitting comments. Once in the
system, select ‘‘search,’’ and then key in
docket ID number OPP–2005–0076. The
system is an ‘‘anonymous access’’
system, which means EPA will not
know your identity, e-mail address, or
other contact information unless you
provide it in the body of your comment.
ii. E-mail. Comments may be sent by
e-mail to opp-docket@epa.gov,
Attention: Docket ID Number OPP–
2005–0076. In contrast to EPA’s
electronic public docket, EPA’s e-mail
system is not an ‘‘anonymous access’’
system. If you send an e-mail comment
directly to the docket without going
through EPA’s electronic public docket,
EPA’s e-mail system automatically
captures your e-mail address. E-mail
addresses that are automatically
captured by EPA’s e-mail system are
included as part of the comment that is
placed in the official public docket, and
made available in EPA’s electronic
public docket.
iii. Disk or CD ROM. You may submit
comments on a disk or CD ROM that
you mail to the mailing address
identified in Unit I.C.2. These electronic
submissions will be accepted in
WordPerfect or ASCII file format. Avoid
the use of special characters and any
form of encryption.
2. By mail. Send your comments to:
Public Information and Records
Integrity Branch (PIRIB) (7502C), Office
of Pesticide Programs (OPP),
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington,
DC 20460–0001, Attention: Docket ID
Number OPP–2005–0076.
3. By hand delivery or courier. Deliver
your comments to: Public Information
and Records Integrity Branch (PIRIB),
Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP),
Environmental Protection Agency, Rm.
119, Crystal Mall #2, 1801 S. Bell St.,
Arlington, VA, Attention: Docket ID
Number OPP–2005–0076. Such
deliveries are only accepted during the
docket’s normal hours of operation as
identified in Unit I.B.1.
D. How Should I Submit CBI to the
Agency?
Do not submit information that you
consider to be CBI electronically
through EPA’s electronic public docket
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or by e-mail. You may claim
information that you submit to EPA as
CBI by marking any part or all of that
information as CBI (if you submit CBI
on disk or CD ROM, mark the outside
of the disk or CD ROM as CBI and then
identify electronically within the disk or
CD ROM the specific information that is
CBI). Information so marked will not be
disclosed except in accordance with
procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
In addition to one complete version of
the comment that includes any
information claimed as CBI, a copy of
the comment that does not contain the
information claimed as CBI must be
submitted for inclusion in the public
docket and EPA’s electronic public
docket. If you submit the copy that does
not contain CBI on disk or CD ROM,
mark the outside of the disk or CD ROM
clearly that it does not contain CBI.
Information not marked as CBI will be
included in the public docket and EPA’s
electronic public docket without prior
notice. If you have any questions about
CBI or the procedures for claiming CBI,
please consult the person listed under
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
E. What Should I Consider as I Prepare
My Comments for EPA?
You may find the following
suggestions helpful for preparing your
comments:
1.Explain your views as clearly as
possible.
2.Describe any assumptions that you
used.
3.Provide copies of any technical
information and/or data you used that
support your views.
4.If you estimate potential burden or
costs, explain how you arrived at the
estimate that you provide.
5.Provide specific examples to
illustrate your concerns.
6.Make sure to submit your comments
by the deadline in this notice.
7.To ensure proper receipt by EPA, be
sure to identify the docket ID number
assigned to this action in the subject
line on the first page of your response.
You may also provide the name, date,
and Federal Register citation.
II. What Action is the Agency Taking?
EPA has received a pesticide petition
as follows proposing the establishment
and/or amendment of regulations for
residues of a certain pesticide chemical
in or on various food commodities
under section 408 of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), 21
U.S.C. 346a. EPA has determined that
this petition contains data or
information regarding the elements set
forth in FFDCA section 408(d)(2);
however, EPA has not fully evaluated
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20547
the sufficiency of the submitted data at
this time or whether the data support
granting of the petition. Additional data
may be needed before EPA rules on the
petition.
List of Subjects
Environmental protection,
Agricultural commodities, Feed
additives, Food additives, Pesticides
and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
Dated: March 30, 2005
Lois Rossi,
Director, Registration Division, Office of
Pesticide Programs.
Summary of Petition
The petitioner summary of the
pesticide petition is printed below as
required by FFDCA section 408(d)(3).
The summary of the petition was
prepared by the petitioner and
represents the view of the petitioner.
The petition summary announces the
availability of a description of the
analytical methods available to EPA for
the detection and measurement of the
pesticide chemical residues or an
explanation of why no such method is
needed. EPA has not fully evaluated the
merits of this pesticide petition. The
summary may have been edited by EPA
if the terminology used was unclear, the
summary contained extraneous
material, or the summary
unintentionally made the reader
conclude that the findings reflected
EPA’s position and not the position of
the petitioner.
Keller & Heckman LLP
PP 5E6907
EPA has received a pesticide petition
(5E6907) from Keller & Heckman LLP,
1001 G St., NW., Suite 500, Washington,
DC 20001, proposing, pursuant to
section 408(d) of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), 21
U.S.C. 346a(d), to amend 40 CFR part
180 to establish an exemption from the
requirement of a tolerance for
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy
carbonate (CAS No. 85585–93–9) when
used in the formulation process for
antimicrobial pesticides used on foodcontact surfaces and in water that
contacts raw agricultural commodities
postharvest. EPA has determined that
the petition contains data or information
regarding the elements set forth in
section 408(d)(2) of FFDCA; however,
EPA has not fully evaluated the
sufficiency of the submitted data at this
time or whether the data support
granting of the petition. Additional data
may be needed before EPA rules on the
petition.
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A. Residue Chemistry
An analytical method for residues is
not applicable, as this petition proposes
an exemption from the requirement of a
tolerance.
B. Toxicological Profile
Hydrated aluminum oxide and
magnesium oxide (MgO) are the
principal components of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate. Both of
these materials have been reviewed by
EPA, and are exempt from the
requirement of a tolerance without
limitation at 40 CFR 180.910 when used
in pesticide formulations that are
applied to growing crops, or to
postharvest raw agricultural
commodities. Additionally, EPA has
exempted a similar substance,
magnesium carbonate, from the
requirement of a tolerance at 40 CFR
180.910. The stability of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate
(insoluble except in strong acids)
indicates that it does not present a
greater potential for exposure to the
components used in its preparation, and
the uses proposed for it are identical to
uses that are currently cleared by EPA
for the starting materials (flow agent and
solid diluent).
1. Acute toxicity. To assess the acute
toxicity, the composition of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate was
compared to aluminum oxides and
hydroxides, to magnesium oxides and
hydroxides, and to other components
used to produce the finished product.
When manufactured, aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate forms a
layered lattice, similar to that of clay
minerals. It may be further formed into
shapes, or used as a loose powder to
absorb moisture in dry formulations.
Magnesium oxide and aluminum
hydroxide are used in antacids sold over
the counter in the United States. No
acute toxicity data were identified for
oxides or hydroxides of magnesium or
aluminum. However, the salts of these
metals have been assessed in acute
toxicity studies.
An acute toxicity study of magnesium
chloride (MgCl2) administered
intravenously in ICR (ICR refers to a
strain of mice) mice identified an LD50
(lethal dose that causes death to half the
test animals) of 14.4 mg/kg bw.
However, MgCl2 administered via the
oral route resulted in an LD50 of >2,500
mg/kg bw. In reports of human exposure
to magnesium compounds, large doses
(unspecified) can cause metabolic
alkalosis, diarrhea, dehydration, and
cardiac arrest. Exposure to MgO fumes
has been associated with leukocytosis
and fever.
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Male mice were administered
aluminum sulfate (Al(SO4)3) or
aluminum chloride (AlCl3) via oral
gavage. The LD50 was reported as 980
milligrams aluminum/kilograms body
weight (mg aluminum/kg bw,) and the
LD50 of AlCl3 as 770 mg aluminum/kg
bw.
An acute inhalation study of
aluminum dust was completed in male
Fischer rats. Rats were exposed to
nominal chamber concentrations of 10,
50, 100, 200 and 1,000 mg/m3 for four
hours (mean geometric particle diameter
of 2.82 µm). The acute inhalation LC50
(lethal concentration of the test
substance to half the animals) of
aluminum metal is reported as greater
than 1,000 mg aluminum/m3, as no
animal fatalities occurred during the
study.
2. Genotoxicity. The mutagenic
potential of AlCl3 in Salmonella
typhimurium strain TA102 was studied
at doses of 10, 30, 100, 300 and 1,000
nM per plate. No base-pair substitutions
or frame shift mutations were observed
at up to 1,000 nM/plate.
A mouse lymphoma mutagenicity
assay was completed with several metal
salts, including MgCl2 and AlCl3.
Exposure of cells to MgCl2 from 22,000
to 32,000 µg/mL resulted in no increase
in mutations over the negative control.
Exposure to AlCl3 from 570 to 625 µg/
mL resulted in a two-fold increase in
mutations over the negative control, but
was not considered to be related to
exposure to AlCl3, since survival was
not related to dose.
Male albino rats, 8 weeks old, were
administered (by gavage) Al2(SO4)3 ·18
H2O suspended in deionized water; 15
animals/dose received 212, 265, 353,
530, 1,060 or 2,120 mg/kg bw for 21
days. Prolonged treatment of rats with
aluminum sulfate caused a dosedependent inhibition of dividing cells
(bone marrow) and an increase in
chromosomal aberrations.
3. Reproductive and developmental
toxicity. Magnesium is an essential
mineral in animals, and its deficiency
has been linked to reduced viability,
increased resorptions, skeletal
malformations, and heart and lung
anomalies in rats. No adverse
developmental effects of excessive
intake of magnesium were identified.
The reproductive and developmental
toxicity of aluminum is unclear, based
on two separate studies reported by a
particular investigator. Pregnant Wistar
rats were administered 0, 192, 384, or
768 mg Al(OH)3/kg bw/day through
gestation day 20, sacrificed, and
maternal and fetal effects recorded.
There were no maternal or
developmental effects in any of the
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treatment groups that differed from
those of the control group of rats. A noobserved-effects-level (NOEL) of 768
mg/kg/day was reported. Pregnant
Sprague-Dawley rats were administered
Al(OH)3 (384 mg/kg), Al(OH)3 plus citric
acid (384 mg/kg and 62 mg/kg,
respectively), or aluminum citrate
(1,064 mg/kg) by gavage on gestation
days 6 to 15. All animals were sacrificed
on gestation day 20, and maternal and
fetal effects recorded. Maternal body
weights were significantly reduced in
the aluminum hydroxide/citric acid
treatment group. Fetal body weights
were significantly lower in the
aluminum hydroxide/citric acid
treatment group, and the incidence of
fetal skeletal development defects was
significantly increased.
4. Subchronic toxicity. Male SpragueDawley rats were administered
aluminum hydroxide (302 mg
aluminum/kg), sodium aluminum
phosphate (141 mg aluminum/kg), or
dibasic sodium aluminum phosphate
(67 or 288 mg aluminum/kg) in the diet
for 28 days. No treatment-related effects
were reported at any dose in any of the
treatment groups, when compared to the
control. Male and female beagle dogs
were administered sodium aluminum
phosphate for six months; mean dietary
concentrations were 0, 118, 317, and
1,034 mg/kg/day in male dogs, and 112,
361, and 1,087 mg/kg/day in female
dogs. No treatment-related effects were
reported, except for a sporadic decrease
in food intake in females of all treatment
groups, without a corresponding
decrease in body weight. A NOEL of
1,034 mg/kg bw/day was reported.
5. Chronic toxicity. Several studies
suggest that aluminum is not
carcinogenic, and that it may induce a
protective immune response to
implanted tumors. Both reviews suggest
that results of epidemiological studies
linking aluminum compounds to
cancers are questionable.
Male Syrian golden hamsters received
2 mg MgO, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or
carbon in 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl)
solution by intratracheal instillation
once per week for 30 weeks. Negative
and positive controls were 0.9% NaCl
solution and diethylnitrosamine,
respectively. No tumors were identified
in hamsters in the Al2O3 treatment
group, although lung fibrosis,
macrophages, and multinucleated giant
cells were observed. The MgO treatment
group had a significantly higher
incidence of histiocytic lymphomas
than the negative control. Interestingly,
hamsters treated simultaneously with
diethylnitrosamine (subcutaneous
injection) and MgO did not develop
similar lymphomas.
E:\FR\FM\20APN1.SGM
20APN1
Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 75 / Wednesday, April 20, 2005 / Notices
6. Animal metabolism. Magnesium is
an essential mineral in animals. It is
used therapeutically to treat
hypertension, myocardial infarction,
and cardiac arrhythmia. Large doses of
magnesium salts are administered orally
to cleanse the colon prior to endoscopic
procedures. Normal human serum
contains 2 to 5 mg magnesium/dL.
Magnesium salts are poorly absorbed
from the intestines, and cause osmotic
withdrawal of water into the intestinal
lumen; it is ultimately excreted in the
feces.
Aluminum metabolism is compounddependent, but is generally very low.
Approximately 0.01% of aluminum
hydroxide is absorbed when
administered via the oral route.
Consequently, the majority is excreted
in the feces, and the remainder is
excreted in the urine. Distribution of
aluminum compounds is not well
understood, due to the levels that occur
naturally in and outside the body.
Aluminum that is absorbed is generally
sequestered in bone tissue, and
gradually accumulates over time.
7. Endocrine disruption. No evidence
of endocrine disruption from
magnesium compounds or aluminum
compounds was identified.
C. Aggregate Exposure
1. Dietary exposure — i.Food.
Exposure to aluminum-magnesium
hydroxy carbonate from food is not
anticipated, due to its insolubility
(except in strong acids) and the lack of
potential for contact with food or foodcontact surfaces under the proposed
conditions of use. Additionally, the
components in aluminum-magnesium
hydroxy carbonate (Al2O3, magnesium
carbonate, and MgO) are all exempt
from the requirement of a tolerance at
40 CFR 180.910 without limitation. EPA
has already assessed the dietary risks of
these substances, and determined that
limitations on their use in pesticides are
not warranted when they are used
individually or in combination in
pesticide formulations that are applied
to growing crops or to postharvest raw
agricultural commodities.
ii. Drinking water. Both aluminum
and magnesium compounds are present
in natural water that may be used for
drinking. EPA has not established a
maximum contaminant level (MCL) for
magnesium. The EPA National
Secondary Drinking Water Standard for
aluminum in drinking water is 0.05 to
0.2 mg/L. The use of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate as an
inert ingredient is not expected to result
in additional exposure to aluminum
compounds in drinking water, as it is
VerDate jul<14>2003
16:34 Apr 19, 2005
Jkt 205001
insoluble when used as intended, as
described above.
2. Nondietary exposure. There is no
anticipated worker exposure to
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy
carbonate from application of the
pesticides in which it will be used.
Nondietary exposures to aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate may
result from its use as a stabilizer in
polyvinyl chloride, and its use as a
catalyst to polymerize propylene oxide.
These reactions occur in contained
vessels, and no exposure to aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate would
occur except during loading of the
reactants. Similarly, during manufacture
of pesticides to which aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate is added,
the components are mixed in closed
vessels, and limited exposure to workers
is anticipated.
D. Cumulative Effects
No cumulative effects from a common
mechanism of toxicity is expected to
result from the use of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate in
pesticide formulations.
E. Safety Determination
Based on the information available,
the petitioner believes that there is no
expectation that the U.S. population,
including infants and children, will be
at increased risk from potential
exposure to residues of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate. It is
insoluble except in strong acids, and the
components used to manufacture the
finished inert ingredient have been
individually evaluated and granted
exemptions from the requirement of a
tolerance at 40 CFR 180.910.
F. International Tolerances
No international tolerances are known
to exist for residues of aluminummagnesium hydroxy carbonate.
[FR Doc. 05–7330 Filed 4–19–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560–50–S
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
[OPP–2005–0099; FRL–7709–6]
Issuance of an Experimental Use
Permit
Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: EPA has granted an
experimental use permit (EUP) to the
following pesticide applicant. An EUP
permits use of a pesticide for
experimental or research purposes only
PO 00000
Frm 00035
Fmt 4703
Sfmt 4703
20549
in accordance with the limitations in
the permit.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Sharlene R. Matten, Biopesticides and
Pollution Prevention Division (7511C),
Office of Pesticide Programs,
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington,
DC 20460–0001; telephone number:
(703) 605–0514; e-mail address:
matten.sharlene@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does this Action Apply to Me?
This action is directed to the public
in general. Although this action may be
of particular interest to those persons
who conduct or sponsor research on
pesticides, the Agency has not
attempted to describe all the specific
entities that may be affected by this
action. If you have any questions
regarding the information in this action,
consult the person listed under FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
B. How Can I Get Copies of this
Document and Other Related
Information?
1. Docket. EPA has established an
official public docket for this action
under docket identification (ID) number
OPP–2005–0099. The official public
docket consists of the documents
specifically referenced in this action,
any public comments received, and
other information related to this action.
Although a part of the official docket,
the public docket does not include
Confidential Business Information (CBI)
or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. The official public
docket is the collection of materials that
is available for public viewing at the
Public Information and Records
Integrity Branch (PIRIB), Rm. 119,
Crystal Mall #2, 1801 S. Bell St.,
Arlington, VA. This docket facility is
open from 8:30 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday
through Friday, excluding legal
holidays. The docket telephone number
is (703) 305–5805.
2. Electronic access. You may access
this Federal Register document
electronically through the EPA Internet
under the ‘‘Federal Register’’ listings at
https://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
An electronic version of the public
docket is available through EPA’s
electronic public docket and comment
system, EPA Dockets. You may use EPA
Dockets at https://www.epa.gov/edocket/
to submit or view public comments,
access the index listing of the contents
of the official public docket, and to
access those documents in the public
docket that are available electronically.
E:\FR\FM\20APN1.SGM
20APN1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 75 (Wednesday, April 20, 2005)]
[Notices]
[Pages 20545-20549]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-7330]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
[OPP-2005-0076; FRL-7703-9]
Aluminum-magnesium Hydroxy Carbonate; Notice of Filing a
Pesticide Petition for Exemption from Tolerance
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This notice announces the initial filing of a pesticide
petition
[[Page 20546]]
proposing the establishment of regulations for residues of a certain
pesticide chemical in or on various food commodities.
DATES: Comments, identified by docket identification (ID) number OPP-
2005-0076, must be received on or before May 20, 2005.
ADDRESSES: Comments may be submitted electronically, by mail, or
through hand delivery/courier. Follow the detailed instructions as
provided in Unit I. of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kathleen Martin, Registration Division
(7505C), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency,
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001; telephone
number: (703) 308-2857; e-mail address: martin.kathleen@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does this Action Apply to Me?
You may be potentially affected by this action if you are an
agricultural producer, food manufacturer, or pesticide manufacturer.
Potentially affected entities may include, but are not limited to:
Crop production (NAICS 111)
Animal production (NAICS 112)
Food manufacturing (NAICS 311)
Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS 32532)
This listing is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides
a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this
action. Other types of entities not listed in this unit could also be
affected. The North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS)
codes have been provided to assist you and others in determining
whether this action might apply to certain entities. If you have any
questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular
entity, consult the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT.
B. How Can I Get Copies of this Document and Other Related Information?
1. Docket. EPA has established an official public docket for this
action under docket ID number OPP-2005-0076. The official public docket
consists of the documents specifically referenced in this action, any
public comments received, and other information related to this action.
Although a part of the official docket, the public docket does not
include Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. The official public docket
is the collection of materials that is available for public viewing at
the Public Information and Records Integrity Branch (PIRIB), Rm. 119,
Crystal Mall 2, 1801 S. Bell St., Arlington, VA. This docket
facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday,
excluding legal holidays. The docket telephone number is (703) 305-
5805.
2. Electronic access. You may access this Federal Register document
electronically through the EPA Internet under the ``Federal Register''
listings at https://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
An electronic version of the public docket is available through
EPA's electronic public docket and comment system, EPA Dockets. You may
use EPA Dockets at https://www.epa.gov/edocket/ to submit or view public
comments, access the index listing of the contents of the official
public docket, and to access those documents in the public docket that
are available electronically. Although not all docket materials may be
available electronically, you may still access any of the publicly
available docket materials through the docket facility identified in
Unit I.B.1. Once in the system, select ``search,'' then key in the
appropriate docket ID number.
Certain types of information will not be placed in the EPA Dockets.
Information claimed as CBI and other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute, which is not included in the official public
docket, will not be available for public viewing in EPA's electronic
public docket. EPA's policy is that copyrighted material will not be
placed in EPA's electronic public docket but will be available only in
printed, paper form in the official public docket. To the extent
feasible, publicly available docket materials will be made available in
EPA's electronic public docket. When a document is selected from the
index list in EPA Dockets, the system will identify whether the
document is available for viewing in EPA's electronic public docket.
Although not all docket materials may be available electronically, you
may still access any of the publicly available docket materials through
the docket facility identified in Unit I.B.1. EPA intends to work
towards providing electronic access to all of the publicly available
docket materials through EPA's electronic public docket.
For public commenters, it is important to note that EPA's policy is
that public comments, whether submitted electronically or in paper,
will be made available for public viewing in EPA's electronic public
docket as EPA receives them and without change, unless the comment
contains copyrighted material, CBI, or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute. When EPA identifies a comment
containing copyrighted material, EPA will provide a reference to that
material in the version of the comment that is placed in EPA's
electronic public docket. The entire printed comment, including the
copyrighted material, will be available in the public docket.
Public comments submitted on computer disks that are mailed or
delivered to the docket will be transferred to EPA's electronic public
docket. Public comments that are mailed or delivered to the docket will
be scanned and placed in EPA's electronic public docket. Where
practical, physical objects will be photographed, and the photograph
will be placed in EPA's electronic public docket along with a brief
description written by the docket staff.
C. How and to Whom Do I Submit Comments?
You may submit comments electronically, by mail, or through hand
delivery/courier. To ensure proper receipt by EPA, identify the
appropriate docket ID number in the subject line on the first page of
your comment. Please ensure that your comments are submitted within the
specified comment period. Comments received after the close of the
comment period will be marked ``late.'' EPA is not required to consider
these late comments. If you wish to submit CBI or information that is
otherwise protected by statute, please follow the instructions in Unit
I.D. Do not use EPA Dockets or e-mail to submit CBI or information
protected by statute.
1. Electronically. If you submit an electronic comment as
prescribed in this unit, EPA recommends that you include your name,
mailing address, and an e-mail address or other contact information in
the body of your comment. Also include this contact information on the
outside of any disk or CD ROM you submit, and in any cover letter
accompanying the disk or CD ROM. This ensures that you can be
identified as the submitter of the comment and allows EPA to contact
you in case EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties
or needs further information on the substance of your comment. EPA's
policy is that EPA will not edit your comment, and any identifying or
contact information provided in the body of a comment will be included
as part of the comment that is placed in the official public docket,
and made available in EPA's electronic public docket. If EPA cannot
read your
[[Page 20547]]
comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for
clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment.
i. EPA Dockets. Your use of EPA's electronic public docket to
submit comments to EPA electronically is EPA's preferred method for
receiving comments. Go directly to EPA Dockets at https://www.epa.gov/
edocket/, and follow the online instructions for submitting comments.
Once in the system, select ``search,'' and then key in docket ID number
OPP-2005-0076. The system is an ``anonymous access'' system, which
means EPA will not know your identity, e-mail address, or other contact
information unless you provide it in the body of your comment.
ii. E-mail. Comments may be sent by e-mail to opp-docket@epa.gov,
Attention: Docket ID Number OPP-2005-0076. In contrast to EPA's
electronic public docket, EPA's e-mail system is not an ``anonymous
access'' system. If you send an e-mail comment directly to the docket
without going through EPA's electronic public docket, EPA's e-mail
system automatically captures your e-mail address. E-mail addresses
that are automatically captured by EPA's e-mail system are included as
part of the comment that is placed in the official public docket, and
made available in EPA's electronic public docket.
iii. Disk or CD ROM. You may submit comments on a disk or CD ROM
that you mail to the mailing address identified in Unit I.C.2. These
electronic submissions will be accepted in WordPerfect or ASCII file
format. Avoid the use of special characters and any form of encryption.
2. By mail. Send your comments to: Public Information and Records
Integrity Branch (PIRIB) (7502C), Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP),
Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW.,
Washington, DC 20460-0001, Attention: Docket ID Number OPP-2005-0076.
3. By hand delivery or courier. Deliver your comments to: Public
Information and Records Integrity Branch (PIRIB), Office of Pesticide
Programs (OPP), Environmental Protection Agency, Rm. 119, Crystal Mall
2, 1801 S. Bell St., Arlington, VA, Attention: Docket ID
Number OPP-2005-0076. Such deliveries are only accepted during the
docket's normal hours of operation as identified in Unit I.B.1.
D. How Should I Submit CBI to the Agency?
Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI
electronically through EPA's electronic public docket or by e-mail. You
may claim information that you submit to EPA as CBI by marking any part
or all of that information as CBI (if you submit CBI on disk or CD ROM,
mark the outside of the disk or CD ROM as CBI and then identify
electronically within the disk or CD ROM the specific information that
is CBI). Information so marked will not be disclosed except in
accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes
any information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not
contain the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion
in the public docket and EPA's electronic public docket. If you submit
the copy that does not contain CBI on disk or CD ROM, mark the outside
of the disk or CD ROM clearly that it does not contain CBI. Information
not marked as CBI will be included in the public docket and EPA's
electronic public docket without prior notice. If you have any
questions about CBI or the procedures for claiming CBI, please consult
the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
E. What Should I Consider as I Prepare My Comments for EPA?
You may find the following suggestions helpful for preparing your
comments:
1.Explain your views as clearly as possible.
2.Describe any assumptions that you used.
3.Provide copies of any technical information and/or data you used
that support your views.
4.If you estimate potential burden or costs, explain how you
arrived at the estimate that you provide.
5.Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns.
6.Make sure to submit your comments by the deadline in this notice.
7.To ensure proper receipt by EPA, be sure to identify the docket
ID number assigned to this action in the subject line on the first page
of your response. You may also provide the name, date, and Federal
Register citation.
II. What Action is the Agency Taking?
EPA has received a pesticide petition as follows proposing the
establishment and/or amendment of regulations for residues of a certain
pesticide chemical in or on various food commodities under section 408
of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), 21 U.S.C. 346a.
EPA has determined that this petition contains data or information
regarding the elements set forth in FFDCA section 408(d)(2); however,
EPA has not fully evaluated the sufficiency of the submitted data at
this time or whether the data support granting of the petition.
Additional data may be needed before EPA rules on the petition.
List of Subjects
Environmental protection, Agricultural commodities, Feed additives,
Food additives, Pesticides and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
Dated: March 30, 2005
Lois Rossi,
Director, Registration Division, Office of Pesticide Programs.
Summary of Petition
The petitioner summary of the pesticide petition is printed below
as required by FFDCA section 408(d)(3). The summary of the petition was
prepared by the petitioner and represents the view of the petitioner.
The petition summary announces the availability of a description of the
analytical methods available to EPA for the detection and measurement
of the pesticide chemical residues or an explanation of why no such
method is needed. EPA has not fully evaluated the merits of this
pesticide petition. The summary may have been edited by EPA if the
terminology used was unclear, the summary contained extraneous
material, or the summary unintentionally made the reader conclude that
the findings reflected EPA's position and not the position of the
petitioner.
Keller & Heckman LLP
PP 5E6907
EPA has received a pesticide petition (5E6907) from Keller &
Heckman LLP, 1001 G St., NW., Suite 500, Washington, DC 20001,
proposing, pursuant to section 408(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), 21 U.S.C. 346a(d), to amend 40 CFR part 180 to
establish an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate (CAS No. 85585-93-9) when used in
the formulation process for antimicrobial pesticides used on food-
contact surfaces and in water that contacts raw agricultural
commodities postharvest. EPA has determined that the petition contains
data or information regarding the elements set forth in section
408(d)(2) of FFDCA; however, EPA has not fully evaluated the
sufficiency of the submitted data at this time or whether the data
support granting of the petition. Additional data may be needed before
EPA rules on the petition.
[[Page 20548]]
A. Residue Chemistry
An analytical method for residues is not applicable, as this
petition proposes an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance.
B. Toxicological Profile
Hydrated aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide (MgO) are the principal
components of aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate. Both of these
materials have been reviewed by EPA, and are exempt from the
requirement of a tolerance without limitation at 40 CFR 180.910 when
used in pesticide formulations that are applied to growing crops, or to
postharvest raw agricultural commodities. Additionally, EPA has
exempted a similar substance, magnesium carbonate, from the requirement
of a tolerance at 40 CFR 180.910. The stability of aluminum-magnesium
hydroxy carbonate (insoluble except in strong acids) indicates that it
does not present a greater potential for exposure to the components
used in its preparation, and the uses proposed for it are identical to
uses that are currently cleared by EPA for the starting materials (flow
agent and solid diluent).
1. Acute toxicity. To assess the acute toxicity, the composition of
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate was compared to aluminum oxides
and hydroxides, to magnesium oxides and hydroxides, and to other
components used to produce the finished product. When manufactured,
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate forms a layered lattice, similar
to that of clay minerals. It may be further formed into shapes, or used
as a loose powder to absorb moisture in dry formulations. Magnesium
oxide and aluminum hydroxide are used in antacids sold over the counter
in the United States. No acute toxicity data were identified for oxides
or hydroxides of magnesium or aluminum. However, the salts of these
metals have been assessed in acute toxicity studies.
An acute toxicity study of magnesium chloride (MgCl2)
administered intravenously in ICR (ICR refers to a strain of mice) mice
identified an LD50 (lethal dose that causes death to half
the test animals) of 14.4 mg/kg bw. However, MgCl2
administered via the oral route resulted in an LD50 of
>2,500 mg/kg bw. In reports of human exposure to magnesium compounds,
large doses (unspecified) can cause metabolic alkalosis, diarrhea,
dehydration, and cardiac arrest. Exposure to MgO fumes has been
associated with leukocytosis and fever.
Male mice were administered aluminum sulfate
(Al(SO4)3) or aluminum chloride
(AlCl3) via oral gavage. The LD50 was reported as
980 milligrams aluminum/kilograms body weight (mg aluminum/kg bw,) and
the LD50 of AlCl3 as 770 mg aluminum/kg bw.
An acute inhalation study of aluminum dust was completed in male
Fischer rats. Rats were exposed to nominal chamber concentrations of
10, 50, 100, 200 and 1,000 mg/m\3\ for four hours (mean geometric
particle diameter of 2.82 [mu]m). The acute inhalation LC50
(lethal concentration of the test substance to half the animals) of
aluminum metal is reported as greater than 1,000 mg aluminum/m\3\, as
no animal fatalities occurred during the study.
2. Genotoxicity. The mutagenic potential of AlCl3 in
Salmonella typhimurium strain TA102 was studied at doses of 10, 30,
100, 300 and 1,000 nM per plate. No base-pair substitutions or frame
shift mutations were observed at up to 1,000 nM/plate.
A mouse lymphoma mutagenicity assay was completed with several
metal salts, including MgCl2 and AlCl3. Exposure
of cells to MgCl2 from 22,000 to 32,000 [mu]g/mL resulted in
no increase in mutations over the negative control. Exposure to
AlCl3 from 570 to 625 [mu]g/mL resulted in a two-fold
increase in mutations over the negative control, but was not considered
to be related to exposure to AlCl3, since survival was not
related to dose.
Male albino rats, 8 weeks old, were administered (by gavage)
Al2(SO4)3 [middot]18 H2O
suspended in deionized water; 15 animals/dose received 212, 265, 353,
530, 1,060 or 2,120 mg/kg bw for 21 days. Prolonged treatment of rats
with aluminum sulfate caused a dose-dependent inhibition of dividing
cells (bone marrow) and an increase in chromosomal aberrations.
3. Reproductive and developmental toxicity. Magnesium is an
essential mineral in animals, and its deficiency has been linked to
reduced viability, increased resorptions, skeletal malformations, and
heart and lung anomalies in rats. No adverse developmental effects of
excessive intake of magnesium were identified.
The reproductive and developmental toxicity of aluminum is unclear,
based on two separate studies reported by a particular investigator.
Pregnant Wistar rats were administered 0, 192, 384, or 768 mg
Al(OH)3/kg bw/day through gestation day 20, sacrificed, and
maternal and fetal effects recorded. There were no maternal or
developmental effects in any of the treatment groups that differed from
those of the control group of rats. A no-observed-effects-level (NOEL)
of 768 mg/kg/day was reported. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were
administered Al(OH)3 (384 mg/kg), Al(OH)3 plus
citric acid (384 mg/kg and 62 mg/kg, respectively), or aluminum citrate
(1,064 mg/kg) by gavage on gestation days 6 to 15. All animals were
sacrificed on gestation day 20, and maternal and fetal effects
recorded. Maternal body weights were significantly reduced in the
aluminum hydroxide/citric acid treatment group. Fetal body weights were
significantly lower in the aluminum hydroxide/citric acid treatment
group, and the incidence of fetal skeletal development defects was
significantly increased.
4. Subchronic toxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered
aluminum hydroxide (302 mg aluminum/kg), sodium aluminum phosphate (141
mg aluminum/kg), or dibasic sodium aluminum phosphate (67 or 288 mg
aluminum/kg) in the diet for 28 days. No treatment-related effects were
reported at any dose in any of the treatment groups, when compared to
the control. Male and female beagle dogs were administered sodium
aluminum phosphate for six months; mean dietary concentrations were 0,
118, 317, and 1,034 mg/kg/day in male dogs, and 112, 361, and 1,087 mg/
kg/day in female dogs. No treatment-related effects were reported,
except for a sporadic decrease in food intake in females of all
treatment groups, without a corresponding decrease in body weight. A
NOEL of 1,034 mg/kg bw/day was reported.
5. Chronic toxicity. Several studies suggest that aluminum is not
carcinogenic, and that it may induce a protective immune response to
implanted tumors. Both reviews suggest that results of epidemiological
studies linking aluminum compounds to cancers are questionable.
Male Syrian golden hamsters received 2 mg MgO, aluminum oxide
(Al2O3), or carbon in 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl)
solution by intratracheal instillation once per week for 30 weeks.
Negative and positive controls were 0.9% NaCl solution and
diethylnitrosamine, respectively. No tumors were identified in hamsters
in the Al2O3 treatment group, although lung
fibrosis, macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells were observed.
The MgO treatment group had a significantly higher incidence of
histiocytic lymphomas than the negative control. Interestingly,
hamsters treated simultaneously with diethylnitrosamine (subcutaneous
injection) and MgO did not develop similar lymphomas.
[[Page 20549]]
6. Animal metabolism. Magnesium is an essential mineral in animals.
It is used therapeutically to treat hypertension, myocardial
infarction, and cardiac arrhythmia. Large doses of magnesium salts are
administered orally to cleanse the colon prior to endoscopic
procedures. Normal human serum contains 2 to 5 mg magnesium/dL.
Magnesium salts are poorly absorbed from the intestines, and cause
osmotic withdrawal of water into the intestinal lumen; it is ultimately
excreted in the feces.
Aluminum metabolism is compound-dependent, but is generally very
low. Approximately 0.01% of aluminum hydroxide is absorbed when
administered via the oral route. Consequently, the majority is excreted
in the feces, and the remainder is excreted in the urine. Distribution
of aluminum compounds is not well understood, due to the levels that
occur naturally in and outside the body. Aluminum that is absorbed is
generally sequestered in bone tissue, and gradually accumulates over
time.
7. Endocrine disruption. No evidence of endocrine disruption from
magnesium compounds or aluminum compounds was identified.
C. Aggregate Exposure
1. Dietary exposure -- i.Food. Exposure to aluminum-magnesium
hydroxy carbonate from food is not anticipated, due to its insolubility
(except in strong acids) and the lack of potential for contact with
food or food-contact surfaces under the proposed conditions of use.
Additionally, the components in aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate
(Al2O3, magnesium carbonate, and MgO) are all
exempt from the requirement of a tolerance at 40 CFR 180.910 without
limitation. EPA has already assessed the dietary risks of these
substances, and determined that limitations on their use in pesticides
are not warranted when they are used individually or in combination in
pesticide formulations that are applied to growing crops or to
postharvest raw agricultural commodities.
ii. Drinking water. Both aluminum and magnesium compounds are
present in natural water that may be used for drinking. EPA has not
established a maximum contaminant level (MCL) for magnesium. The EPA
National Secondary Drinking Water Standard for aluminum in drinking
water is 0.05 to 0.2 mg/L. The use of aluminum-magnesium hydroxy
carbonate as an inert ingredient is not expected to result in
additional exposure to aluminum compounds in drinking water, as it is
insoluble when used as intended, as described above.
2. Nondietary exposure. There is no anticipated worker exposure to
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate from application of the pesticides
in which it will be used. Nondietary exposures to aluminum-magnesium
hydroxy carbonate may result from its use as a stabilizer in polyvinyl
chloride, and its use as a catalyst to polymerize propylene oxide.
These reactions occur in contained vessels, and no exposure to
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate would occur except during loading
of the reactants. Similarly, during manufacture of pesticides to which
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate is added, the components are mixed
in closed vessels, and limited exposure to workers is anticipated.
D. Cumulative Effects
No cumulative effects from a common mechanism of toxicity is
expected to result from the use of aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate
in pesticide formulations.
E. Safety Determination
Based on the information available, the petitioner believes that
there is no expectation that the U.S. population, including infants and
children, will be at increased risk from potential exposure to residues
of aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate. It is insoluble except in
strong acids, and the components used to manufacture the finished inert
ingredient have been individually evaluated and granted exemptions from
the requirement of a tolerance at 40 CFR 180.910.
F. International Tolerances
No international tolerances are known to exist for residues of
aluminum-magnesium hydroxy carbonate.
[FR Doc. 05-7330 Filed 4-19-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-S