Removal of Regulations on Employee Responsibilities and Conduct, 16937-16941 [05-6383]
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 63 / Monday, April 4, 2005 / Rules and Regulations
Fairness Act of 1996. This rule will not
result in an annual effect on the
economy of $100,000,000 or more; a
major increase in costs or prices: or
significant adverse effects on
competition, employment, investment,
productivity, innovation, or on the
ability of United States-based
companies to compete with foreign
based companies in domestic and
export markets.
SUMMARY: The Department of State and
the United States Agency for
International Development (USAID) are
removing regulations on employee
responsibilities and conduct (22 CFR
part 10). Most of these regulations have
been superseded or otherwise made
unnecessary by Office of Government
Ethics or Office of Personnel
Management regulations of executive
branch-wide applicability. Certain
sections of the regulations are based on
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308
Foreign Service Act provisions that have
Administrative practice and
been repealed. Some provisions have
procedure, Drug traffic control,
continuing application and are
Narcotics, Prescription drugs.
published, as modified, in the Foreign
Affairs Manual and other provisions
I Under the authority vested in the
Attorney General by section 201(a) of the simply reference other statutory or
CSA (21 U.S.C. 811(a)), and delegated to regulatory provisions. The Department
the Administrator of DEA by Department of State and USAID are using direct
of Justice regulations (28 CFR 0.100), and final rulemaking for this action because
redelegated to the Deputy Administrator it is expected that there will be no
significant adverse comment on the
pursuant to 28 CFR 0.104, the Deputy
rule.
Administrator hereby amends 21 CFR
part 1308 as follows:
DATES: This direct final rule is effective
on June 3, 2005, without further notice,
PART 1308—SCHEDULES OF
unless the Department of State and
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
USAID receive adverse comment by
[AMENDED]
May 4, 2005. If adverse comment is
received, then the Department of State
I 1. The authority citation for 21 CFR
and USAID will publish a timely
part 1308 continues to read as follows:
withdrawal of the direct final rule in the
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b)
Federal Register.
unless otherwise noted.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments,
I 2. Section 1308.14 is amended by
identified by any of the following
adding a new paragraph (c)(51) to read as methods:
follows:
• E-mail: eirinbergjl@state.gov. You
must include the RIN in the subject line
§ 1308.14 Schedule IV.
of your message.
*
*
*
*
*
• Mail (paper, disk, or CD–ROM
(c) * * *
submissions): Julia L. Eirinberg,
(51) Zopiclone—2784
Attorney-Adviser, Department of State,
*
*
*
*
*
Office of the Assistant Legal Adviser for
Employment Law, 2201 C Street NW,
Dated: March 30, 2005.
Suite 5425, Washington, DC 20520.
Michele M. Leonhart,
• Fax: 202–647–6794.
Deputy Administrator.
Persons with access to the internet
[FR Doc. 05–6703 Filed 3–31–05; 12:24 pm]
may also view this notice and provide
BILLING CODE 4410–09–P
comments by going to the
regulations.gov Web site at: https://
www.regulations.gov/index.cfm.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Julia
L. Eirinberg, Attorney-Adviser,
AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL
Department of State, Office of the
DEVELOPMENT
Assistant Legal Adviser for Employment
Law, 2201 C Street NW., Suite 5425,
22 CFR Part 10
Washington DC 20520; e-mail address:
[Public Notice 5036]
eirinbergjl@state.gov.
RIN 1400–AC09
Removal of Regulations on Employee
Responsibilities and Conduct
State Department and United
States Agency for International
Development.
ACTION: Direct final rule.
AGENCY:
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The
Department of State and USAID are
removing part 10, ‘‘Employee
Responsibilities and Conduct,’’ from 22
CFR as a result of developments in the
executive branch ethics program and in
other areas of law that have occurred
since the promulgation of part 10 on
May 2, 1978. While the regulations in 22
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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16937
CFR part 10 also applied to the
International Communication Agency
(ICA), that agency no longer exists and
its functions have been assumed by the
Department of State.
Pursuant to the Ethics in Government
Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.), as
amended, the U.S. Office of Government
Ethics (OGE) now provides overall
direction and leadership in relation to
the executive branch ethics program. In
1989, E.O. 12674 (as modified by E.O.
12731) directed OGE to establish ‘‘a
single, comprehensive, and clear set of
executive-branch standards of conduct’’
and ‘‘a system of nonpublic
(confidential) financial disclosure.’’ On
August 7, 1992, OGE published the
Standards of Ethical Conduct for
Employees of the Executive Branch
(Standards), now codified at 5 CFR part
2635. On April 7, 1992, OGE modified
its existing financial disclosure
regulation, at 5 CFR part 2634, to
incorporate a revised system of
confidential financial disclosure
reporting.
Part 10 of 22 CFR was published in
1978 largely on the basis of a model
standards of conduct regulation at old 5
CFR part 735 that had been promulgated
by the Office of Personnel Management
(OPM) pursuant to Executive Order
11222. The new OGE Standards became
effective February 3, 1993. The
Standards superseded individual
executive agency conduct provisions—
like those in 22 CFR part 10—that had
been issued on the basis of the model
OPM regulation, and superseded much
of the model regulation itself. (As
discussed below in relation to section
10.735–205 of part 10, certain agency
conduct provisions were
‘‘grandfathered’’ or preserved for a few
years after the February 3, 1993,
effective date.) Provisions in the OGE
regulation at 5 CFR part 2634
concerning the revised system of
confidential financial disclosure became
effective on October 5, 1992, and
superseded those portions of individual
executive agency regulations pertaining
to confidential reporting that had been
issued on the basis of the model OPM
regulation. Taken together and as
discussed more fully below, 5 CFR part
2635 and 5 CFR part 2634 superseded
subpart C, subpart D, and much of
subparts A and B of part 10. As also
discussed below, the remaining sections
of subparts A and B have been
superseded or supplanted by other OGE
regulations, are obsolete, or are
unnecessary.
In subpart A of part 10, the statement
of purpose in section 10.735–101 has
been superseded by corollary sections in
5 CFR part 2635 and 5 CFR part 2634
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and by language in section 101 of E.O.
12674 emphasizing the importance of
ethical conduct. The definitions in
section 10.735–102 have been
superseded by definitions in the OGE
regulations or are relevant only in
relation to restrictions in volume 3 of
the Foreign Affairs Manual and will, in
any event, be rendered unnecessary
when the rest of part 10 is removed from
the CFR. Section 10.735–104 states that
part 10 applies to all employees on
detail to the Department. This section
was important when each agency had its
own conduct regulation, but is no longer
necessary to the extent that the same
basic standards, financial disclosure
requirements, and conflict of interest
statutes (and implementing regulations)
now apply to all executive branch
employees. Section 10.735–105 states
that a violation of part 10 may be cause
for appropriate disciplinary action. This
section has been superseded by
provisions in the Standards and the
financial disclosure regulation, at
sections 2635.106 and 2634.701, and by
provisions in volume 3 of the Foreign
Affairs Manual.
Section 10.735–103 of subpart A
requires that the Secretary of State and
Administrator of USAID each designate
a ‘‘Counselor’’ to provide advice on
employee conduct and to coordinate
counseling services provided by
designated ‘‘Deputy Counselors.’’ This
section has been supplanted by
procedural and staffing changes made
by the Department and USAID
consistent with the OGE regulation at 5
CFR part 2638. Part 2638 requires the
Secretary and Administrator to each
name a ‘‘Designated Agency Ethics
Official’’ (DAEO) who, assisted by one
or more ‘‘Deputy Ethics Officials’’ and
other staff, is responsible for counseling
and training and for other aspects of the
ethics programs at the respective
agencies.
In subpart B of part 10, section
10.735–201 sets forth general principles
of conduct from Executive Order 11222.
Executive Order 11222 was revoked in
1989 by Executive Order 12674. Similar
principles now appear in Executive
Order 12674 and are restated in the
Standards, at section 2635.101. Section
10.735–201 also highlights provisions in
part 10 having some application to a
U.S. citizen employee’s family. The
highlighted provisions have been
superseded by the Standards, are now
implemented in 22 CFR part 3 (in
relation to gifts from foreign
governments), or are published, as
modified, in volume 3 of the Foreign
Affairs Manual (in relation to employees
and family members abroad). The
application of provisions to family
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members accompanying employees
overseas is treated specifically in the
Foreign Affairs Manual because of
privileges and immunities attributed to
family members by virtue of the official
status of employees under international
law. In addition, certain provisions in
the Standards may affect an employee
by virtue of the actions or interests of a
family member. See, e.g., 5 CFR
2635.203 (providing that an employee
accepts a gift indirectly if it is given
with the employee’s knowledge and
acquiescence to his or her parent,
sibling, spouse, child, or dependent
relative because of that person’s
relationship to the employee).
The first paragraphs of section
10.735–202 of part 10 prohibit an
employee from accepting gifts from
outside sources in certain
circumstances, e.g., from persons doing
or seeking to do business with his or her
agency, but provide for several
exceptions. These provisions were
superseded by subpart B of the
Standards. In addition, section 10.735–
202 prohibits an employee from giving
a gift to an official superior and from
accepting a gift from an employee
receiving less pay. These prohibitions
derive from 5 U.S.C. 7351 and are now
implemented in subpart C of the
Standards.
In addition, section 10.735–202
affirms that an employee may accept
travel and subsistence expenses in
connection with permissible outside
activities notwithstanding the gifts
prohibitions in part 10, but prohibits
‘‘excessive’’ benefits. The acceptance of
gifts, compensation, or travel expenses
in connection with outside activities is
now addressed in the Standards, in
subparts B and H. See also 5 CFR
2636.303 (defining ‘‘outside earned
income’’ in relation to the outside
compensation restrictions imposed on
certain high-level ‘‘noncareer’’
employees by section 102 of E.O. 12674
and by title V of 5 U.S.C. App., as
implemented by OGE in section
2635.804 of the Standards and in 5 CFR
part 2636). Section 10.735–202 also
cites a 1967 Comptroller General
opinion, Decision B–128527. The
appropriations law principles addressed
in this decision are addressed in
numerous subsequent legal opinions
and are reflected in volume 2 of the
Foreign Affairs Manual and in other
regulations.
Section 10.735–203 of part 10 briefly
summarizes the Foreign Gifts and
Decorations Act, at 5 U.S.C. 7342, and
references the Department’s
implementing regulation at 22 CFR part
3. The Foreign Gifts and Decorations
Act is summarized in the OGE
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Standards, e.g., in section 2635.204.
Other laws and regulations of
significance to the ethics program are
similarly summarized or referenced in
subparts A through H of the Standards.
Separately, subpart I of the Standards
lists these significant laws and
regulations (including 5 U.S.C. 7342), as
well as other laws that establish
standards to which an employee’s
conduct must conform. The subpart I
compilation has replaced the listing in
section 10.735–216 of part 10. (Even to
the extent that a summary or reference
in part 10 is not included in the
Standards or some other regulation
relating to the ethics program, the
Department has determined that a
summary or reference does not warrant
further publication in part 10 absent
some additional justification.)
Section 10.735–204 of part 10
prohibits an employee from engaging in
an outside activity that conflicts with
the employee’s official duties and
summarizes the Emoluments Clause of
the U.S. Constitution and a conflict of
interest statute, 18 U.S.C. 209,
pertaining to the acceptance of
compensation for services to the
Government. These provisions have
been superseded by the general
provisions in subpart H of the Standards
pertaining to conflicting outside
activities, including the brief summaries
in subpart H of the Emoluments Clause
and various conflict of interest statutes.
Section 10.735–204 specifically
addresses teaching, speaking, and
writing pursued as an outside activity.
It restricts the use of Government
information in connection with the
preparation of a person for an
examination of the Civil Service
Commission (now OPM) or Board of
Examiners for the Foreign Service,
prohibits certain Presidential appointees
from accepting compensation for
teaching, speaking, or writing about
certain subject matter, and alerts
employees to the existence of clearance
procedures. The compensation
restriction has been superseded by
section 2635.807 of the Standards. See
also section 102 of E.O. 12674 and title
V of 5 U.S.C. App. (imposing ‘‘outside
earned income’’ restrictions on certain
high-level ‘‘noncareer’’ employees, as
implemented in section 2635.804 of the
Standards and in 5 CFR part 2636). The
restriction pertaining to the use of
Government information remains in the
residual OPM regulation at 5 CFR part
735. As discussed above, the mere
reference in part 10 to the teaching,
speaking, and writing clearance
procedures, now in volume 3 of the
Foreign Affairs Manual, is unnecessary.
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Section 10.735–204 also affirms that
an employee may serve a foreign
government or international
organization of states if serving on
behalf of the United States, and that the
section does not preclude participation
in the activities of political parties or
participation in (or awards from) private
organizations. While these affirmations
remain generally correct, other statutes
and regulations address, for example,
the detail or transfer of employees to
international organizations or to foreign
governments. See e.g., 5 U.S.C. 3343; 5
U.S.C. 3581–84; 5 CFR 352.301 et seq.;
22 U.S.C. 2387; 22 U.S.C. 2388. The
general permissibility of domestic
political activity is implicit in the
references, at section 2635.801 and
2635.902 of the Standards, to the ‘‘Hatch
Act’’ restrictions. See also 5 CFR
2635.204 (providing that an employee
may accept certain gifts in connection
with active participation in political
management or political campaigns). It
is also apparent from subpart H of the
Standards that participation in outside
organizations is generally permissible,
subject to certain restrictions. The
acceptance of awards from private
organizations is specifically addressed
in section 2635.204 of the Standards.
Section 10.735–211 of part 10 requires
that an employee make clear that his or
her participation in a private
organization, in his or her personal
capacity, should not be construed as an
official endorsement of the
organization’s viewpoints, but provides
that an employee may make use of his
or her title for purposes of identification
when participating in certain
organizations (e.g., civic organizations)
and that an employee is generally free
to refer to his or her connection with the
agency when participating in an
employee organization. This portion of
section 10.735–211 has been superseded
by section 2635.702 of the Standards.
Section 10.735–211 specifically
addresses employee participation, in a
personal capacity, in private
organizations concerned with foreign
policy. Unless approved by specified
officials at the Department or USAID, an
employee ‘‘may not serve as advisor,
officer, director, teacher, sponsor,
committee chairman, or in any other
official capacity or permit the
employee’s name to be used on a
letterhead, in a publication, in an
announcement or news story, or at a
public meeting * * *’’ and ‘‘senior
officers’’ are limited to mere
membership. These limitations have
been superseded by the more general
outside activities provisions in subpart
H of the Standards and by the restriction
at 5 CFR 2635.702 pertaining to the use
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of official title. Moreover, an employee’s
participation in an outside organization
must be consistent with certain conflict
of interest statutes and with the
impartiality standard as implemented in
5 CFR 2635.502.
Section 10.735–211 affirms that an
employee is free to join or not join an
employee organization, and that an
employee may participate in
professional organizations not
concerned with foreign policy subject to
limitations. While these affirmations
remain generally correct, they do not
warrant continued publication and must
be read, in any event, in the context of
restrictions in the Standards (especially
in subpart H) and certain conflict of
interest statutes or regulations.
Section 10.735–211 briefly
summarizes the ‘‘Hatch Act’’ restrictions
and highlights several political activities
that are permissible. It also briefly
summarizes laws prohibiting disloyalty
and striking. As discussed above, the
restrictions on employee participation
in political activities are referenced in
more than one section of the Standards.
Moreover, all of these laws are listed in
subpart I of the Standards.
Section 10.735–211 also states that a
U.S. citizen employee shall not engage
in any form of political activity in any
foreign country. This prohibition, as
modified, is in volume 3 of the Foreign
Affairs Manual. Section 10.735–206 lists
several other restrictions or obligations
that apply to U.S. citizen employees
abroad, their family members, and nonU.S. citizen employees abroad. These
restrictions and obligations derive from
provisions in the Vienna Convention on
Diplomatic Relations (23 U.S.T. 3227)
and the Convention on Consular
Relations (21 U.S.T. 77). They are
published, as modified, in volume 3 of
the Foreign Affairs Manual. This portion
of volume 3 of the Foreign Affairs
Manual also contains the substance of
the requirement in section 10.735–
215(b) requiring that an employee
abroad obey the laws of the country in
which the employee is present.
Section 10.735–205 contains a
summary of an exception to certain
conflict of interest statutes, 18 U.S.C.
203 and 205, and identifies ‘‘the head of
the employee’s division’’ as the
appointing official authorized by the
statutes to approve use of the exception.
The statutes themselves are summarized
in section 2635.801 (including general
references to the exceptions) and in
subpart I of the Standards. The statutes
do not require that the identity of the
appointing official be published in the
CFR or elsewhere. Moreover, it is
expected that the DAEOs and ethics
staff will counsel employees concerning
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16939
the identity of the ‘‘appointing official’’
who must approve use of the exception.
Section 10–735.205 mainly concerns
18 U.S.C. 208. All executive branch
employees are prohibited by 18 U.S.C.
208 from participating in an official
capacity in particular matters in which
they, or certain persons or entities with
whom they have specified relationships,
have a financial interest. When part 10
was published in 1978, individual
agencies were authorized by 18 U.S.C.
208 to adopt agency-specific regulations
exempting financial interests from the
applicability of the statutory
prohibition. Section 10.735–205 lists the
interests deemed by the Department
under 18 U.S.C. 208(b) to be too
‘‘remote’’ or ‘‘inconsequential’’ to affect
the integrity of an employee’s services
to the Government. The Ethics Reform
Act of 1989 (Public Law No. 101–194),
as amended, eliminated the authority of
individual agencies to adopt waivers
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 208(b) and
established OGE’s authority to issue
executive branch-wide exemptions. The
initial OGE exemptions, now codified in
subpart B of 5 CFR part 2640, became
effective on August 28, 1995 and
January 17, 1997. As of January 17,
1997, all of the agency-specific
exemptions as in effect prior to
November 30, 1989—including those in
section 10.735–205 of part 10—were
superseded.
Primarily in contemplation of
conflicts arising under 18 U.S.C. 208,
section 10.735–205 prohibits an
employee from having a financial
interest that conflicts or appears to
conflict substantially with the
employee’s official duties. Section
10.735–205 also prohibits an employee
from engaging in a financial transaction
based on information obtained through
Government employment. These
provisions were superseded by sections
2635.403 and 2635.703 of the Standards.
Section 10.735–217 specifies a
procedure by which an employee may
request an advance written
determination from the Under Secretary
for Management at the Department or
from the Administrator of USAID that
the prohibitions of 18 U.S.C. 208 do not
apply. These procedures have been
supplanted by the procedures
developed by the DAEOs and ethics
staff to provide oral and written advice
concerning matter relating to any of the
Federal ethics laws and regulations,
including the issuance of individual
waivers as authorized by 18 U.S.C. 208.
Section 10.735–207 of part 10
prohibits the use of Government
property for other than officially
approved activities. This prohibition
has been superseded by section
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2635.704 of the Standards. As
contemplated by the OGE regulation,
various Foreign Affairs Manual
provisions and other Department
issuances define ‘‘authorized purposes.’’
In addition, the General Services
Administration has promulgated various
regulations concerning the use of
Government property generally. Section
10.735–209 of part 10 requires an
employee to pay all just financial
obligations, especially taxes. This
section has been superseded by section
2635.809 of the Standards. Section
10.735–208 of part 10 prohibits an
employee from using nonpublic
Government information to further a
private interest (subject to an exception
concerning the preparation of persons
for certain examinations). This section
has been superseded by section
2635.703 of the Standards (and, as
discussed above, by 5 CFR 735.202
insofar as section 10.735–209 references
an exception relating to the preparation
of persons for certain examinations).
Section 10.735–210 of part 10
prohibits an employee from engaging in
any gambling activity while on
Government property or while on duty
for the Government. Section 10.735–
215(a) prohibits an employee from
engaging in conduct prejudicial to the
Government. These provisions remain
implemented in sections 735.201 and
735.203, respectively, of the OPM
regulation at 5 CFR part 735.
Section 10.735–212 of part 10
generally prohibits an employee of the
Foreign Service from wearing any
uniform except as may be authorized by
law or as a military commander may
require civilians to wear in a theatre of
military operations, but indicates that
certain attire should not be considered
a uniform for purposes of this
prohibition and refers to an
appropriations restriction applicable to
the then ICA pertaining to the purchase
of uniforms. The statute underlying the
prohibition, 22 U.S.C. 803, has been
repealed by the Foreign Service Act of
1980 and, as discussed above, the ICA
no longer exists. Moreover, members of
the Foreign Service do not wear
uniforms.
Section 10.735–213 concerns making
recommendations in an official or
personal capacity and references a
statute, 22 U.S.C. 806, that prohibited an
employee from recommending another
person for employment by the country
to which the employee is accredited or
assigned. Section 806 has been repealed,
and the limitations prescribed in section
10.735–213 concerning
recommendations made in a personal
capacity have been superseded by those
in section 2635.702 of the Standards. To
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the extent that section 2635.702 is
construed to apply to recommendations
offered in an official capacity, it
supersedes section 10.735–213 in that
regard as well. The provision in section
10.735–213 pertaining to the
recommendation of firms in connection
with USAID programs is addressed in
regulations pertaining to Government
procurement and is, therefore, no longer
necessary.
Section 10.735–214 contains a
number of limitations on employees’
transmission of communications and
gifts. Paragraph (a) refers to limitations
on correspondence regarding the affairs
of foreign governments, which is
derived from a statutory provision
(former 22 U.S.C. 806(a)), which has
been repealed.
Paragraph (b) provides that an
employee must not act as agent for
transmitting communications from
persons or organizations in foreign
countries to the President or other
governmental officials, except that a
chief of mission may do so when he or
she determines it to be clearly in the
public interest. This provision was
derived from the restriction on
transmitting gifts, and was intended as
a practical limitation on employees
serving as a conduit for transmitting
communications from foreign persons or
organizations. While this limitation still
serves a valid purpose, it is reflected in
other authorities and does not warrant
the continued publication of 22 CFR
part 10.
Paragraph (c) provides that an
employee shall not act as agent for the
transmission of gifts from persons or
organizations in foreign countries to the
President or other officials; however,
principal officers may accept and
forward to the Office of Protocol gifts
made to the United States, or to any
political division thereof, by the
government to which they are
accredited. This is largely a restatement
of former 22 U.S.C. 804, which has been
repealed. It also was intended as a
practical limitation on employees
serving as a conduit for transmitting
gifts from foreign persons or
organizations. The rules governing
acceptance of gifts from foreign
governments or international
organizations are set out in the Foreign
Gifts and Decorations Act and 22 CFR
part 3. While the limitations on
transmission of gifts also encompasses
foreign individuals or organizations not
affiliated with a foreign government or
international organization, these
limitations, as modified, are properly
reflected in 2 FAM 344 and do not
warrant the continued publication of
this section of 22 CFR part 10.
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Subpart C of part 10 concerns ‘‘special
Government employees.’’ As defined in
18 U.S.C. 202, a special Government
employee (SGE) is an officer or
employee who is retained, designated,
appointed, or employed by the
Government to perform temporary
duties, with or without compensation,
for not more than 130 days during any
period of 365 consecutive days. (The
full statutory definition of SGE also
encompasses employees serving in
specified Government positions without
regard to the number of days of
expected service. In addition, particular
statutes may specifically designate
individuals occupying certain positions
as SGEs.) Subpart C states generally that
an SGE is subject to the conflict of
interest statutes and to the U.S.
Constitution as it pertains to gifts from
foreign governments, referencing a
discussion of the conflict of interest
statutes in the now defunct Federal
Personnel Manual and the regulations at
22 CFR part 3 implementing the Foreign
Gifts and Decorations Act. In addition,
subpart C contains standards deriving
from E.O. 11222 that are specific to
SGEs.
The definition of ‘‘employee’’ in
section 2635.102 of the Standards
encompasses SGEs. Therefore, the
restrictions and obligations set forth (or
summarized) in the Standards apply
equally to SGEs and other employees
unless a particular provision specifies
(or explains) that SGEs are treated
differently or are exempted altogether.
For example, the compensation
restriction in section 2635.807 of the
Standards, relating to teaching,
speaking, and writing, applies
differently to SGEs (and, in fact, applies
still differently to SGEs serving for 60 or
fewer days). And, the summaries of 18
U.S.C. 209 in subparts B and H of the
Standards make clear that the statute
does not apply to SGEs at all.
Subpart D of part 10 concerns the
system of confidential financial
disclosure developed under authority of
Executive Order 11222. Under authority
conferred by Executive Order 12674
(and pursuant to authority in the Ethics
in Government Act of 1978, as
amended), OGE has established a
revised system of confidential
disclosure. As noted above, the revised
system, published in 5 CFR part 2634,
superseded subpart D of part 10 on
October 5, 1992. Section 10.735–411 of
subpart D concerns disqualification and
other remedies available to address
conflicts of interest. These matters are
now addressed in various sections of 5
CFR parts 2634, 2635, and 2640.
E:\FR\FM\04APR1.SGM
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Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 63 / Monday, April 4, 2005 / Rules and Regulations
Regulatory Findings
Administrative Procedure Act
In accordance with provisions of the
Administrative Procedure Act governing
rules promulgated by Federal agencies
that affect the public (5 U.S.C. 552), the
Department is publishing this direct
final rule and inviting public comment.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Department of State, in
accordance with the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), has
reviewed this regulation and, by
approving it, certifies that this rule will
not have a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small
entities.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
This rule will not result in the
expenditure by State, local, and tribal
governments, in the aggregate, or by the
private sector, of $100 million or more
in any year and it will not significantly
or uniquely affect small governments.
Therefore, no actions were deemed
necessary under the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995.
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996
This rule is not a major rule as
defined by section 804 of the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996. This rule will not
result in an annual effect on the
economy of $100 million or more; a
major increase in costs or prices; or
significant adverse effects on
competition, employment, investment,
productivity, innovation, or on the
ability of United States-based
companies to compete with foreign
based companies in domestic and
import markets.
Executive Order 12866
The Department of State does not
consider this rule to be a ‘‘significant
regulatory action’’ under Executive
Order 12866, section 3(f), Regulatory
Planning and Review. In addition, the
Department is exempt from Executive
Order 12866 except to the extent that it
is promulgating regulations in
conjunction with a domestic agency that
are significant regulatory actions. The
Department has nevertheless reviewed
the regulation to ensure its consistency
with the regulatory philosophy and
principles set forth in that Executive
Order.
Executive Order 13132
This regulation will not have
substantial direct effects on the States,
on the relationship between the national
VerDate jul<14>2003
16:10 Apr 01, 2005
Jkt 205001
government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various
levels of government. Therefore, in
accordance with section 6 of Executive
Order 13132, it is determined that this
rule does not have sufficient federalism
implications to require consultations or
warrant the preparation of a federalism
summary impact statement.
Paperwork Reduction Act
This rule does not impose any new
reporting or recordkeeping requirements
subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act,
44 U.S.C. chapter 35.
List of Subjects in 22 CFR Part 10
Conflict of interest, Government
employees.
I Accordingly, under the authority of the
Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5
U.S.C. App.); Executive Order 12674, as
modified by Executive Order 12731; 5
CFR Part 2634 and 5 CFR Part 2635, the
Department of State and the United
States Agency for International
Development are amending 22 CFR
chapter 1 by removing part 10.
Dated: January 19, 2005.
Grant S. Green Jr.,
Under Secretary of State for Management,
Department of State.
Dated: March 11, 2005.
Steven Wisecarver,
Acting Assistant Administrator for
Management, U.S. Agency for International
Development.
[FR Doc. 05–6383 Filed 4–1–05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4710–08–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation
and Enforcement
30 CFR Part 936
[Docket No. OK–031–FOR]
Oklahoma Abandoned Mine Land
Reclamation Plan
Office of Surface Mining
Reclamation and Enforcement, Interior.
ACTION: Final rule; approval of
amendment.
AGENCY:
SUMMARY: We, the Office of Surface
Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
(OSM), are approving an amendment to
the Oklahoma abandoned mine land
reclamation plan (Oklahoma plan)
under the Surface Mining Control and
Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA or the
Act). Oklahoma proposed revisions to
its plan concerning project ranking and
selection procedures, the State
PO 00000
Frm 00021
Fmt 4700
Sfmt 4700
16941
Reclamation Committee, and the public
participation policies. Oklahoma
intends to improve operational
efficiency.
EFFECTIVE DATE: April 4, 2005.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Michael C. Wolfrom, Director, Tulsa
Field Office. Telephone: (918) 581–
6430. E-mail address:
mwolfrom@osmre.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background on the Oklahoma Plan
II. Submission of the Amendment
III. OSM’s Findings
IV. Summary and Disposition of Comments
V. OSM’s Decision
VI. Procedural Determinations
I. Background on the Oklahoma Plan
The Abandoned Mine Land
Reclamation (AMLR) Program was
established by Title IV of the Act (30
U.S.C. 1201 et seq.) in response to
concerns over extensive environmental
damage caused by past coal mining
activities. The program is funded by a
reclamation fee collected on each ton of
coal that is produced. The money
collected is used to finance the
reclamation of abandoned coal mines
and for other authorized activities.
Section 405 of the Act allows States and
Indian Tribes to assume exclusive
responsibility for reclamation activity
within the State or on Indian lands if
they develop and submit to the
Secretary of the Interior for approval, a
program (often referred to as a plan) for
the reclamation of abandoned coal
mines. On the basis of these criteria, the
Secretary of the Interior approved the
Oklahoma plan on January 21, 1982.
You can find background information
on the Oklahoma plan, including the
Secretary’s findings, the disposition of
comments, and the approval of the plan
in the January 21, 1982, Federal
Register (47 FR 2989). You can find
later actions concerning the Oklahoma
plan and amendments to the plan at 30
CFR 936.25.
II. Submission of the Amendment
By letter dated November 1, 2004
(Administrative Record No. OK–994),
Oklahoma sent us a proposed
amendment to its plan under SMCRA
(30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.). Oklahoma sent
the amendment at its own initiative.
We announced receipt of the
proposed amendment in the December
29, 2004, Federal Register (69 FR
77965). In the same document, we
opened the public comment period and
provided an opportunity for a public
hearing on the adequacy of the proposed
amendment. We did not hold a public
hearing or meeting because no one
E:\FR\FM\04APR1.SGM
04APR1
Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 63 (Monday, April 4, 2005)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 16937-16941]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-6383]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
22 CFR Part 10
[Public Notice 5036]
RIN 1400-AC09
Removal of Regulations on Employee Responsibilities and Conduct
AGENCY: State Department and United States Agency for International
Development.
ACTION: Direct final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Department of State and the United States Agency for
International Development (USAID) are removing regulations on employee
responsibilities and conduct (22 CFR part 10). Most of these
regulations have been superseded or otherwise made unnecessary by
Office of Government Ethics or Office of Personnel Management
regulations of executive branch-wide applicability. Certain sections of
the regulations are based on Foreign Service Act provisions that have
been repealed. Some provisions have continuing application and are
published, as modified, in the Foreign Affairs Manual and other
provisions simply reference other statutory or regulatory provisions.
The Department of State and USAID are using direct final rulemaking for
this action because it is expected that there will be no significant
adverse comment on the rule.
DATES: This direct final rule is effective on June 3, 2005, without
further notice, unless the Department of State and USAID receive
adverse comment by May 4, 2005. If adverse comment is received, then
the Department of State and USAID will publish a timely withdrawal of
the direct final rule in the Federal Register.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by any of the following
methods:
E-mail: eirinbergjl@state.gov. You must include the RIN in
the subject line of your message.
Mail (paper, disk, or CD-ROM submissions): Julia L.
Eirinberg, Attorney-Adviser, Department of State, Office of the
Assistant Legal Adviser for Employment Law, 2201 C Street NW, Suite
5425, Washington, DC 20520.
Fax: 202-647-6794.
Persons with access to the internet may also view this notice and
provide comments by going to the regulations.gov Web site at: https://
www.regulations.gov/index.cfm.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Julia L. Eirinberg, Attorney-Adviser,
Department of State, Office of the Assistant Legal Adviser for
Employment Law, 2201 C Street NW., Suite 5425, Washington DC 20520; e-
mail address: eirinbergjl@state.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Department of State and USAID are
removing part 10, ``Employee Responsibilities and Conduct,'' from 22
CFR as a result of developments in the executive branch ethics program
and in other areas of law that have occurred since the promulgation of
part 10 on May 2, 1978. While the regulations in 22 CFR part 10 also
applied to the International Communication Agency (ICA), that agency no
longer exists and its functions have been assumed by the Department of
State.
Pursuant to the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.),
as amended, the U.S. Office of Government Ethics (OGE) now provides
overall direction and leadership in relation to the executive branch
ethics program. In 1989, E.O. 12674 (as modified by E.O. 12731)
directed OGE to establish ``a single, comprehensive, and clear set of
executive-branch standards of conduct'' and ``a system of nonpublic
(confidential) financial disclosure.'' On August 7, 1992, OGE published
the Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the Executive Branch
(Standards), now codified at 5 CFR part 2635. On April 7, 1992, OGE
modified its existing financial disclosure regulation, at 5 CFR part
2634, to incorporate a revised system of confidential financial
disclosure reporting.
Part 10 of 22 CFR was published in 1978 largely on the basis of a
model standards of conduct regulation at old 5 CFR part 735 that had
been promulgated by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) pursuant
to Executive Order 11222. The new OGE Standards became effective
February 3, 1993. The Standards superseded individual executive agency
conduct provisions--like those in 22 CFR part 10--that had been issued
on the basis of the model OPM regulation, and superseded much of the
model regulation itself. (As discussed below in relation to section
10.735-205 of part 10, certain agency conduct provisions were
``grandfathered'' or preserved for a few years after the February 3,
1993, effective date.) Provisions in the OGE regulation at 5 CFR part
2634 concerning the revised system of confidential financial disclosure
became effective on October 5, 1992, and superseded those portions of
individual executive agency regulations pertaining to confidential
reporting that had been issued on the basis of the model OPM
regulation. Taken together and as discussed more fully below, 5 CFR
part 2635 and 5 CFR part 2634 superseded subpart C, subpart D, and much
of subparts A and B of part 10. As also discussed below, the remaining
sections of subparts A and B have been superseded or supplanted by
other OGE regulations, are obsolete, or are unnecessary.
In subpart A of part 10, the statement of purpose in section
10.735-101 has been superseded by corollary sections in 5 CFR part 2635
and 5 CFR part 2634
[[Page 16938]]
and by language in section 101 of E.O. 12674 emphasizing the importance
of ethical conduct. The definitions in section 10.735-102 have been
superseded by definitions in the OGE regulations or are relevant only
in relation to restrictions in volume 3 of the Foreign Affairs Manual
and will, in any event, be rendered unnecessary when the rest of part
10 is removed from the CFR. Section 10.735-104 states that part 10
applies to all employees on detail to the Department. This section was
important when each agency had its own conduct regulation, but is no
longer necessary to the extent that the same basic standards, financial
disclosure requirements, and conflict of interest statutes (and
implementing regulations) now apply to all executive branch employees.
Section 10.735-105 states that a violation of part 10 may be cause for
appropriate disciplinary action. This section has been superseded by
provisions in the Standards and the financial disclosure regulation, at
sections 2635.106 and 2634.701, and by provisions in volume 3 of the
Foreign Affairs Manual.
Section 10.735-103 of subpart A requires that the Secretary of
State and Administrator of USAID each designate a ``Counselor'' to
provide advice on employee conduct and to coordinate counseling
services provided by designated ``Deputy Counselors.'' This section has
been supplanted by procedural and staffing changes made by the
Department and USAID consistent with the OGE regulation at 5 CFR part
2638. Part 2638 requires the Secretary and Administrator to each name a
``Designated Agency Ethics Official'' (DAEO) who, assisted by one or
more ``Deputy Ethics Officials'' and other staff, is responsible for
counseling and training and for other aspects of the ethics programs at
the respective agencies.
In subpart B of part 10, section 10.735-201 sets forth general
principles of conduct from Executive Order 11222. Executive Order 11222
was revoked in 1989 by Executive Order 12674. Similar principles now
appear in Executive Order 12674 and are restated in the Standards, at
section 2635.101. Section 10.735-201 also highlights provisions in part
10 having some application to a U.S. citizen employee's family. The
highlighted provisions have been superseded by the Standards, are now
implemented in 22 CFR part 3 (in relation to gifts from foreign
governments), or are published, as modified, in volume 3 of the Foreign
Affairs Manual (in relation to employees and family members abroad).
The application of provisions to family members accompanying employees
overseas is treated specifically in the Foreign Affairs Manual because
of privileges and immunities attributed to family members by virtue of
the official status of employees under international law. In addition,
certain provisions in the Standards may affect an employee by virtue of
the actions or interests of a family member. See, e.g., 5 CFR 2635.203
(providing that an employee accepts a gift indirectly if it is given
with the employee's knowledge and acquiescence to his or her parent,
sibling, spouse, child, or dependent relative because of that person's
relationship to the employee).
The first paragraphs of section 10.735-202 of part 10 prohibit an
employee from accepting gifts from outside sources in certain
circumstances, e.g., from persons doing or seeking to do business with
his or her agency, but provide for several exceptions. These provisions
were superseded by subpart B of the Standards. In addition, section
10.735-202 prohibits an employee from giving a gift to an official
superior and from accepting a gift from an employee receiving less pay.
These prohibitions derive from 5 U.S.C. 7351 and are now implemented in
subpart C of the Standards.
In addition, section 10.735-202 affirms that an employee may accept
travel and subsistence expenses in connection with permissible outside
activities notwithstanding the gifts prohibitions in part 10, but
prohibits ``excessive'' benefits. The acceptance of gifts,
compensation, or travel expenses in connection with outside activities
is now addressed in the Standards, in subparts B and H. See also 5 CFR
2636.303 (defining ``outside earned income'' in relation to the outside
compensation restrictions imposed on certain high-level ``noncareer''
employees by section 102 of E.O. 12674 and by title V of 5 U.S.C. App.,
as implemented by OGE in section 2635.804 of the Standards and in 5 CFR
part 2636). Section 10.735-202 also cites a 1967 Comptroller General
opinion, Decision B-128527. The appropriations law principles addressed
in this decision are addressed in numerous subsequent legal opinions
and are reflected in volume 2 of the Foreign Affairs Manual and in
other regulations.
Section 10.735-203 of part 10 briefly summarizes the Foreign Gifts
and Decorations Act, at 5 U.S.C. 7342, and references the Department's
implementing regulation at 22 CFR part 3. The Foreign Gifts and
Decorations Act is summarized in the OGE Standards, e.g., in section
2635.204. Other laws and regulations of significance to the ethics
program are similarly summarized or referenced in subparts A through H
of the Standards. Separately, subpart I of the Standards lists these
significant laws and regulations (including 5 U.S.C. 7342), as well as
other laws that establish standards to which an employee's conduct must
conform. The subpart I compilation has replaced the listing in section
10.735-216 of part 10. (Even to the extent that a summary or reference
in part 10 is not included in the Standards or some other regulation
relating to the ethics program, the Department has determined that a
summary or reference does not warrant further publication in part 10
absent some additional justification.)
Section 10.735-204 of part 10 prohibits an employee from engaging
in an outside activity that conflicts with the employee's official
duties and summarizes the Emoluments Clause of the U.S. Constitution
and a conflict of interest statute, 18 U.S.C. 209, pertaining to the
acceptance of compensation for services to the Government. These
provisions have been superseded by the general provisions in subpart H
of the Standards pertaining to conflicting outside activities,
including the brief summaries in subpart H of the Emoluments Clause and
various conflict of interest statutes.
Section 10.735-204 specifically addresses teaching, speaking, and
writing pursued as an outside activity. It restricts the use of
Government information in connection with the preparation of a person
for an examination of the Civil Service Commission (now OPM) or Board
of Examiners for the Foreign Service, prohibits certain Presidential
appointees from accepting compensation for teaching, speaking, or
writing about certain subject matter, and alerts employees to the
existence of clearance procedures. The compensation restriction has
been superseded by section 2635.807 of the Standards. See also section
102 of E.O. 12674 and title V of 5 U.S.C. App. (imposing ``outside
earned income'' restrictions on certain high-level ``noncareer''
employees, as implemented in section 2635.804 of the Standards and in 5
CFR part 2636). The restriction pertaining to the use of Government
information remains in the residual OPM regulation at 5 CFR part 735.
As discussed above, the mere reference in part 10 to the teaching,
speaking, and writing clearance procedures, now in volume 3 of the
Foreign Affairs Manual, is unnecessary.
[[Page 16939]]
Section 10.735-204 also affirms that an employee may serve a
foreign government or international organization of states if serving
on behalf of the United States, and that the section does not preclude
participation in the activities of political parties or participation
in (or awards from) private organizations. While these affirmations
remain generally correct, other statutes and regulations address, for
example, the detail or transfer of employees to international
organizations or to foreign governments. See e.g., 5 U.S.C. 3343; 5
U.S.C. 3581-84; 5 CFR 352.301 et seq.; 22 U.S.C. 2387; 22 U.S.C. 2388.
The general permissibility of domestic political activity is implicit
in the references, at section 2635.801 and 2635.902 of the Standards,
to the ``Hatch Act'' restrictions. See also 5 CFR 2635.204 (providing
that an employee may accept certain gifts in connection with active
participation in political management or political campaigns). It is
also apparent from subpart H of the Standards that participation in
outside organizations is generally permissible, subject to certain
restrictions. The acceptance of awards from private organizations is
specifically addressed in section 2635.204 of the Standards.
Section 10.735-211 of part 10 requires that an employee make clear
that his or her participation in a private organization, in his or her
personal capacity, should not be construed as an official endorsement
of the organization's viewpoints, but provides that an employee may
make use of his or her title for purposes of identification when
participating in certain organizations (e.g., civic organizations) and
that an employee is generally free to refer to his or her connection
with the agency when participating in an employee organization. This
portion of section 10.735-211 has been superseded by section 2635.702
of the Standards.
Section 10.735-211 specifically addresses employee participation,
in a personal capacity, in private organizations concerned with foreign
policy. Unless approved by specified officials at the Department or
USAID, an employee ``may not serve as advisor, officer, director,
teacher, sponsor, committee chairman, or in any other official capacity
or permit the employee's name to be used on a letterhead, in a
publication, in an announcement or news story, or at a public meeting *
* *'' and ``senior officers'' are limited to mere membership. These
limitations have been superseded by the more general outside activities
provisions in subpart H of the Standards and by the restriction at 5
CFR 2635.702 pertaining to the use of official title. Moreover, an
employee's participation in an outside organization must be consistent
with certain conflict of interest statutes and with the impartiality
standard as implemented in 5 CFR 2635.502.
Section 10.735-211 affirms that an employee is free to join or not
join an employee organization, and that an employee may participate in
professional organizations not concerned with foreign policy subject to
limitations. While these affirmations remain generally correct, they do
not warrant continued publication and must be read, in any event, in
the context of restrictions in the Standards (especially in subpart H)
and certain conflict of interest statutes or regulations.
Section 10.735-211 briefly summarizes the ``Hatch Act''
restrictions and highlights several political activities that are
permissible. It also briefly summarizes laws prohibiting disloyalty and
striking. As discussed above, the restrictions on employee
participation in political activities are referenced in more than one
section of the Standards. Moreover, all of these laws are listed in
subpart I of the Standards.
Section 10.735-211 also states that a U.S. citizen employee shall
not engage in any form of political activity in any foreign country.
This prohibition, as modified, is in volume 3 of the Foreign Affairs
Manual. Section 10.735-206 lists several other restrictions or
obligations that apply to U.S. citizen employees abroad, their family
members, and non-U.S. citizen employees abroad. These restrictions and
obligations derive from provisions in the Vienna Convention on
Diplomatic Relations (23 U.S.T. 3227) and the Convention on Consular
Relations (21 U.S.T. 77). They are published, as modified, in volume 3
of the Foreign Affairs Manual. This portion of volume 3 of the Foreign
Affairs Manual also contains the substance of the requirement in
section 10.735-215(b) requiring that an employee abroad obey the laws
of the country in which the employee is present.
Section 10.735-205 contains a summary of an exception to certain
conflict of interest statutes, 18 U.S.C. 203 and 205, and identifies
``the head of the employee's division'' as the appointing official
authorized by the statutes to approve use of the exception. The
statutes themselves are summarized in section 2635.801 (including
general references to the exceptions) and in subpart I of the
Standards. The statutes do not require that the identity of the
appointing official be published in the CFR or elsewhere. Moreover, it
is expected that the DAEOs and ethics staff will counsel employees
concerning the identity of the ``appointing official'' who must approve
use of the exception.
Section 10-735.205 mainly concerns 18 U.S.C. 208. All executive
branch employees are prohibited by 18 U.S.C. 208 from participating in
an official capacity in particular matters in which they, or certain
persons or entities with whom they have specified relationships, have a
financial interest. When part 10 was published in 1978, individual
agencies were authorized by 18 U.S.C. 208 to adopt agency-specific
regulations exempting financial interests from the applicability of the
statutory prohibition. Section 10.735-205 lists the interests deemed by
the Department under 18 U.S.C. 208(b) to be too ``remote'' or
``inconsequential'' to affect the integrity of an employee's services
to the Government. The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 (Public Law No. 101-
194), as amended, eliminated the authority of individual agencies to
adopt waivers pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 208(b) and established OGE's
authority to issue executive branch-wide exemptions. The initial OGE
exemptions, now codified in subpart B of 5 CFR part 2640, became
effective on August 28, 1995 and January 17, 1997. As of January 17,
1997, all of the agency-specific exemptions as in effect prior to
November 30, 1989--including those in section 10.735-205 of part 10--
were superseded.
Primarily in contemplation of conflicts arising under 18 U.S.C.
208, section 10.735-205 prohibits an employee from having a financial
interest that conflicts or appears to conflict substantially with the
employee's official duties. Section 10.735-205 also prohibits an
employee from engaging in a financial transaction based on information
obtained through Government employment. These provisions were
superseded by sections 2635.403 and 2635.703 of the Standards.
Section 10.735-217 specifies a procedure by which an employee may
request an advance written determination from the Under Secretary for
Management at the Department or from the Administrator of USAID that
the prohibitions of 18 U.S.C. 208 do not apply. These procedures have
been supplanted by the procedures developed by the DAEOs and ethics
staff to provide oral and written advice concerning matter relating to
any of the Federal ethics laws and regulations, including the issuance
of individual waivers as authorized by 18 U.S.C. 208.
Section 10.735-207 of part 10 prohibits the use of Government
property for other than officially approved activities. This
prohibition has been superseded by section
[[Page 16940]]
2635.704 of the Standards. As contemplated by the OGE regulation,
various Foreign Affairs Manual provisions and other Department
issuances define ``authorized purposes.'' In addition, the General
Services Administration has promulgated various regulations concerning
the use of Government property generally. Section 10.735-209 of part 10
requires an employee to pay all just financial obligations, especially
taxes. This section has been superseded by section 2635.809 of the
Standards. Section 10.735-208 of part 10 prohibits an employee from
using nonpublic Government information to further a private interest
(subject to an exception concerning the preparation of persons for
certain examinations). This section has been superseded by section
2635.703 of the Standards (and, as discussed above, by 5 CFR 735.202
insofar as section 10.735-209 references an exception relating to the
preparation of persons for certain examinations).
Section 10.735-210 of part 10 prohibits an employee from engaging
in any gambling activity while on Government property or while on duty
for the Government. Section 10.735-215(a) prohibits an employee from
engaging in conduct prejudicial to the Government. These provisions
remain implemented in sections 735.201 and 735.203, respectively, of
the OPM regulation at 5 CFR part 735.
Section 10.735-212 of part 10 generally prohibits an employee of
the Foreign Service from wearing any uniform except as may be
authorized by law or as a military commander may require civilians to
wear in a theatre of military operations, but indicates that certain
attire should not be considered a uniform for purposes of this
prohibition and refers to an appropriations restriction applicable to
the then ICA pertaining to the purchase of uniforms. The statute
underlying the prohibition, 22 U.S.C. 803, has been repealed by the
Foreign Service Act of 1980 and, as discussed above, the ICA no longer
exists. Moreover, members of the Foreign Service do not wear uniforms.
Section 10.735-213 concerns making recommendations in an official
or personal capacity and references a statute, 22 U.S.C. 806, that
prohibited an employee from recommending another person for employment
by the country to which the employee is accredited or assigned. Section
806 has been repealed, and the limitations prescribed in section
10.735-213 concerning recommendations made in a personal capacity have
been superseded by those in section 2635.702 of the Standards. To the
extent that section 2635.702 is construed to apply to recommendations
offered in an official capacity, it supersedes section 10.735-213 in
that regard as well. The provision in section 10.735-213 pertaining to
the recommendation of firms in connection with USAID programs is
addressed in regulations pertaining to Government procurement and is,
therefore, no longer necessary.
Section 10.735-214 contains a number of limitations on employees'
transmission of communications and gifts. Paragraph (a) refers to
limitations on correspondence regarding the affairs of foreign
governments, which is derived from a statutory provision (former 22
U.S.C. 806(a)), which has been repealed.
Paragraph (b) provides that an employee must not act as agent for
transmitting communications from persons or organizations in foreign
countries to the President or other governmental officials, except that
a chief of mission may do so when he or she determines it to be clearly
in the public interest. This provision was derived from the restriction
on transmitting gifts, and was intended as a practical limitation on
employees serving as a conduit for transmitting communications from
foreign persons or organizations. While this limitation still serves a
valid purpose, it is reflected in other authorities and does not
warrant the continued publication of 22 CFR part 10.
Paragraph (c) provides that an employee shall not act as agent for
the transmission of gifts from persons or organizations in foreign
countries to the President or other officials; however, principal
officers may accept and forward to the Office of Protocol gifts made to
the United States, or to any political division thereof, by the
government to which they are accredited. This is largely a restatement
of former 22 U.S.C. 804, which has been repealed. It also was intended
as a practical limitation on employees serving as a conduit for
transmitting gifts from foreign persons or organizations. The rules
governing acceptance of gifts from foreign governments or international
organizations are set out in the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act and
22 CFR part 3. While the limitations on transmission of gifts also
encompasses foreign individuals or organizations not affiliated with a
foreign government or international organization, these limitations, as
modified, are properly reflected in 2 FAM 344 and do not warrant the
continued publication of this section of 22 CFR part 10.
Subpart C of part 10 concerns ``special Government employees.'' As
defined in 18 U.S.C. 202, a special Government employee (SGE) is an
officer or employee who is retained, designated, appointed, or employed
by the Government to perform temporary duties, with or without
compensation, for not more than 130 days during any period of 365
consecutive days. (The full statutory definition of SGE also
encompasses employees serving in specified Government positions without
regard to the number of days of expected service. In addition,
particular statutes may specifically designate individuals occupying
certain positions as SGEs.) Subpart C states generally that an SGE is
subject to the conflict of interest statutes and to the U.S.
Constitution as it pertains to gifts from foreign governments,
referencing a discussion of the conflict of interest statutes in the
now defunct Federal Personnel Manual and the regulations at 22 CFR part
3 implementing the Foreign Gifts and Decorations Act. In addition,
subpart C contains standards deriving from E.O. 11222 that are specific
to SGEs.
The definition of ``employee'' in section 2635.102 of the Standards
encompasses SGEs. Therefore, the restrictions and obligations set forth
(or summarized) in the Standards apply equally to SGEs and other
employees unless a particular provision specifies (or explains) that
SGEs are treated differently or are exempted altogether. For example,
the compensation restriction in section 2635.807 of the Standards,
relating to teaching, speaking, and writing, applies differently to
SGEs (and, in fact, applies still differently to SGEs serving for 60 or
fewer days). And, the summaries of 18 U.S.C. 209 in subparts B and H of
the Standards make clear that the statute does not apply to SGEs at
all.
Subpart D of part 10 concerns the system of confidential financial
disclosure developed under authority of Executive Order 11222. Under
authority conferred by Executive Order 12674 (and pursuant to authority
in the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, as amended), OGE has
established a revised system of confidential disclosure. As noted
above, the revised system, published in 5 CFR part 2634, superseded
subpart D of part 10 on October 5, 1992. Section 10.735-411 of subpart
D concerns disqualification and other remedies available to address
conflicts of interest. These matters are now addressed in various
sections of 5 CFR parts 2634, 2635, and 2640.
[[Page 16941]]
Regulatory Findings
Administrative Procedure Act
In accordance with provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act
governing rules promulgated by Federal agencies that affect the public
(5 U.S.C. 552), the Department is publishing this direct final rule and
inviting public comment.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Department of State, in accordance with the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), has reviewed this regulation and, by
approving it, certifies that this rule will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
This rule will not result in the expenditure by State, local, and
tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100
million or more in any year and it will not significantly or uniquely
affect small governments. Therefore, no actions were deemed necessary
under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995.
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996
This rule is not a major rule as defined by section 804 of the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996. This rule
will not result in an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or
more; a major increase in costs or prices; or significant adverse
effects on competition, employment, investment, productivity,
innovation, or on the ability of United States-based companies to
compete with foreign based companies in domestic and import markets.
Executive Order 12866
The Department of State does not consider this rule to be a
``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, section
3(f), Regulatory Planning and Review. In addition, the Department is
exempt from Executive Order 12866 except to the extent that it is
promulgating regulations in conjunction with a domestic agency that are
significant regulatory actions. The Department has nevertheless
reviewed the regulation to ensure its consistency with the regulatory
philosophy and principles set forth in that Executive Order.
Executive Order 13132
This regulation will not have substantial direct effects on the
States, on the relationship between the national government and the
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with section 6
of Executive Order 13132, it is determined that this rule does not have
sufficient federalism implications to require consultations or warrant
the preparation of a federalism summary impact statement.
Paperwork Reduction Act
This rule does not impose any new reporting or recordkeeping
requirements subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. chapter
35.
List of Subjects in 22 CFR Part 10
Conflict of interest, Government employees.
0
Accordingly, under the authority of the Ethics in Government Act of
1978 (5 U.S.C. App.); Executive Order 12674, as modified by Executive
Order 12731; 5 CFR Part 2634 and 5 CFR Part 2635, the Department of
State and the United States Agency for International Development are
amending 22 CFR chapter 1 by removing part 10.
Dated: January 19, 2005.
Grant S. Green Jr.,
Under Secretary of State for Management, Department of State.
Dated: March 11, 2005.
Steven Wisecarver,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Management, U.S. Agency for
International Development.
[FR Doc. 05-6383 Filed 4-1-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4710-08-P