Notice of Proposed Policy Statement on Historic Preservation and Community Revitalization, 11283-11287 [2016-04640]

Agencies

• Historic Preservation, Advisory Council

[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 42 (Thursday, March 3, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 11283-11287]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-04640]


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ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION


Notice of Proposed Policy Statement on Historic Preservation and 
Community Revitalization

AGENCY: Advisory Council on Historic Preservation.

ACTION: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation seeks public 
comments on its draft Policy Statement on Historic Preservation and 
Community Revitalization.

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SUMMARY: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) is 
planning on issuing a ``Policy Statement on Historic Preservation and 
Community Revitalization.'' A Working Group, comprised of ACHP members 
and other preservation organizations, has drafted a policy and invites 
your views and comments. The Working Group will use your comments to 
finalize the draft policy before it is presented to the full ACHP 
membership for consideration and adoption.

DATES: Submit comments on or before April 4, 2016.

ADDRESSES: Address all comments concerning this proposed policy to 
Charlene Dwin Vaughn, Assistant Director, Office of Federal Agency 
Programs, Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, 401 F Street NW., 
Room 301, Washington, DC 20001. You may also submit comments by 
facsimile at 202-517-6384 or by electronic mail to 
achp.gov">ACHPRightsizing@achp.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Charlene Dwin Vaughn, 202-517-0207

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Advisory Council on Historic 
Preservation (ACHP) is an independent federal agency, created by the 
National Historic Preservation Act that promotes the preservation, 
enhancement, and sustainable use of our nation's diverse historic 
resources, and advises the President and Congress on national historic 
preservation policy.
    Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (Section 
106), 54 U.S.C. 306108, requires federal agencies to consider the 
effects of their undertakings on historic properties and provide the 
ACHP a reasonable opportunity to comment with regard to such 
undertakings. The ACHP has issued the regulations that set forth the 
process through which federal agencies comply with these duties. These 
regulations are codified under 36 CFR part 800.

I. Background on the Draft Policy Statement

    In March 2013, the ACHP issued a report entitled Managing Change: 
Preservation and Rightsizing in America. It can be accessed at https://www.achp.gov/RightsizingReport.pdf. The report focused on communities 
that were addressing rightsizing. The concept of rightsizing applied to 
communities undergoing substantial change due to economic decline, 
population loss, increased amounts of vacancy and abandonment, decline 
in local services, increased homelessness and poverty, declining 
educational opportunities, and systemic blight. Rightsizing has been 
occurring in communities around the Nation for decades as they respond 
to transformative events. The report contained the findings and 
recommendations of extensive research, on-site visits, and ACHP 
participation on panels and seminars during which stakeholders shared 
their views regarding the effect of rightsizing on the community.
    The primary findings of the report included the following 
observations:

--Historic preservation tools are not used to maintain the historic 
integrity of rightsizing communities;
--Historic preservation needs to be better integrated in local planning 
and economic development;
--Federal programs that can support rightsizing in a manner that builds 
on community historic resources are not readily available;
--The early initiation of project review under Section 106 of the 
National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) can facilitate the analysis 
of alternative redevelopment strategies that can integrate historic 
properties; and
--Federal programs that are targeted to extensive demolition in a 
community do not always reflect the preference of the residents in a 
community.

    As the ACHP explored options to implement the recommendations in 
the report, it was concluded that the development of a policy statement 
would be appropriate to advance historic preservation.
    In 2006, the ACHP adopted a ``Policy Statement on Affordable 
Housing and Historic Preservation'' to assist stakeholders in utilizing 
historic properties for affordable housing projects with minimal 
delays. It can be accessed at https://www.achp.gov/docs/fr7387.pdf. This 
Policy Statement was well received by stakeholders. The principles 
outlined in the document are still used when conducting historic 
preservation reviews for affordable housing projects.
    The purpose of developing the Policy Statement on Historic 
Preservation and Community Revitalization in 2016 is to ensure that 
preservation is considered as a tool that will assist federal, state 
and local governments plan and implement revitalization projects and 
programs in a manner that reuses and rehabilitates historic properties.
    The Working Group convened by the ACHP to assist in developing the 
policy statement began meeting in December 2014. Representatives of the 
Working Group included, Brad White, Expert Member of the ACHP, as the 
Chairman, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development, US 
Department of Agriculture, Department of Health and Human Services, the 
National Park Service, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, 
the American Assembly, Cleveland Restoration Society, Preservation 
Research Office, Historic Districts Council, Rightsizing Network, 
Michigan State Historic Preservation Office, and Indiana Historic 
Preservation Office. After consulting for approximately one year to 
discuss the major problem areas that needed to be addressed in 
rightsizing and legacy cities, a working draft of the Policy Statement 
was drafted, and distributed to ACHP members for review.
    The comments received from ACHP members resulted in revisions to 
the draft policy statement to achieve the following:

--Focus on rural and tribal communities as well as Legacy Cities;
--Emphasize the value of preparing local architectural and 
archeological surveys;
--Emphasize how the principles apply to Section 106 of the National 
Historic Preservation Act;
--Reference the role of field, regional, and state offices in 
preserving local assets;
--Address how Section 106 reviews can be expedited; and
--Define how creative mitigation measures can facilitate preservation 
in communities.

    The ACHP invites comments from the public on the draft Policy 
Statement (see text at the end of this notice), particularly as it 
relates to the following questions:
    1. How can the principles in the draft Policy Statement help 
communities balance the goal of historic preservation

[[Page 11284]]

and the revitalization of neighborhoods and communities?
    2. How will the principles in the draft Policy Statement establish 
a framework for decision making when communities receive federal 
funding to assist distressed neighborhoods?
    3. How will State Historic Preservation Officers and Certified 
Local Governments apply the principles in their review of local 
revitalization programs?
    4. Will the draft Policy Statement assist federal, state and local 
officials, developers, residents, and other stakeholders to explore 
alternatives for preserving historic properties in planning 
revitalization projects?
    5. How can the adoption of creative mitigation measures help a 
community to preserve its historic properties?
    6. What form of guidance will be needed to implement the principles 
in this draft Policy Statement?
    7. Are there any other major obstacles to using historic 
preservation tools in community revitalization projects that have not 
been addressed in this draft Policy Statement?
    The ACHP appreciates receiving public input on the draft Policy 
Statement. Your comments will ensure that we have taken a holistic 
approach in advancing historic preservation as a viable tool that can 
help diverse communities who are recipients of federal, state, and 
local assistance.

II. Text of the Draft Policy

DRAFT ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION (ACHP) POLICY STATEMENT 
ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION AND COMMUNITY REVITALIZATION (February 19, 
2016)

    Introduction. The 2010 US Census revealed that, as a result of 
the decline in the economy beginning in 2008, an estimated 19 
million properties were abandoned throughout the nation. As a result 
of the economic downturn, many buildings, in particular historic 
properties, became vacant and abandoned, resulting in severe blight 
around the Nation. Many economists compared the impacts of the 
economic downturn in 2008 to that of the Great Depression in the 
1930s. Natural disasters, economic downturns, and the mortgage 
foreclosure crisis all occurred at the beginning of the 21st century 
and eroded urban, rural, and tribal communities. While these events 
resulted in significant economic impacts across the country, they 
accelerated declines in population, tax base, industry, jobs, and 
housing markets caused by structural changes to the economy in the 
Midwest, Northeast, and Mid-Atlantic regions. The estimated 
demolition of 200,000 properties annually during this period 
exemplified the extreme actions many communities took that resulted 
in the loss of homes, buildings, and even entire neighborhoods, many 
of which included older historic buildings that were listed in or 
eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. 
Although older communities known as ``legacy cities'' have been 
confronted with these issues, research has revealed that suburban, 
rural, and tribal communities have dealt with similar problems.
    One class of communities, many of which were located in 
industrial centers, was hit particularly hard, struggling with 
economic challenges that transcend market cycles such as the recent 
recession. These communities, marked by population loss exceeding 20 
percent, require a holistic approach to bring about their 
revitalization. Many are older communities with historic 
architecture, social cohesiveness, and walkable neighborhoods--
features which have increasingly grown more attractive in real 
estate markets that are in the process of recovering.
    In 1966 when Congress passed the National Historic Preservation 
Act (NHPA), it determined that ``the historical and cultural 
foundations of the nation should be preserved in order to give a 
sense of orientation to the American people.'' Further, it stated 
that ``in the face of ever increasing extensions of urban centers, 
highways, and residential, commercial, and industrial developments, 
the present governmental and nongovernmental historic preservation 
programs are inadequate to ensure future generations a genuine 
opportunity to appreciate and enjoy the nation's rich heritage.''
    The congressional findings in the NHPA remain applicable today, 
particularly since the economic crisis of 2008. The Advisory Council 
on Historic Preservation (ACHP), established by the NHPA to advise 
the President and Congress on matters relating to historic 
preservation, considers local community revitalization critical to 
stabilizing these economically depressed communities. In overseeing 
federal project reviews required by Section 106 of NHPA, patterns 
and trends have revealed that historic preservation reviews are 
often not completed before federal funds are allocated for 
redevelopment. Preservation options are not considered and 
opportunities to reuse existing assets are missed. Communities, 
therefore, need guidance that illustrates how historic preservation 
can help them to determine the disposition of vacant and abandoned 
properties, promote rehabilitation, create affordable housing, 
direct growth to target areas that have infrastructure, use new 
infill construction to stabilize neighborhoods, and develop mixed 
use projects.
    The ACHP issued a report entitled, Managing Change: Preservation 
and Rightsizing in America, in March 2013, which focused on 
communities addressing ``rightsizing.'' Rightsizing applies when 
communities have shrinking populations, vacancy and abandonment, and 
systemic blight issues. The report defined it as ``the process of 
change confronting communities that have drastically reduced 
population and excess infrastructure with a dwindling tax base, in 
need of planning to recalibrate.'' It also identified the role of 
historic preservation in rightsizing as well as noting relevant 
existing federal programs and policies. The extensive research, 
newspaper and journal articles, and organizational and institutional 
reports on rightsizing revealed that consideration of historic 
preservation issues in rightsizing decisions was often the 
exception. The ACHP report noted that rightsizing should include 
revitalization. Likewise, it noted that rightsizing is not uniquely 
an urban phenomenon. Rather, it encompasses diverse communities, 
including older suburbs and rural villages. All are in need of 
technical assistance, education, and outreach to help residents, 
developers, and local officials use historic preservation tools.
    Purpose. In accordance with Section 202 of the NHPA, the ACHP is 
issuing this Policy Statement to provide federal agencies, the 
individuals, organizations, or governments that apply for federal 
assistance, and public and private partners with a flexible and 
creative approach to developing local revitalization plans that use 
historic properties. It is intended to help address the substantial 
challenges facing communities that have experienced significant 
population and job loss, as well as other communities requiring 
strategies for revitalization. The Policy Statement is designed to 
assist federal agencies and their grantees and applicants, State 
Historic Preservation Officers (SHPOs), Tribal Historic Preservation 
Officers (THPOs), Certified Local Governments (CLGs), and local 
governments in complying with the requirements of Section 106 of the 
NHPA. Section 106 requires federal agencies to take into account the 
effects of their undertakings on historic properties and afford the 
ACHP a reasonable opportunity to comment. With a predictable and 
consistent policy framework, federal agencies and communities will 
be encouraged to integrate historic preservation in revitalization 
strategies. The policy acknowledges that consideration of 
alternatives to avoid or minimize harm to historic properties is 
essential when planning revitalization projects. Further, by 
engaging diverse stakeholders in the planning process, 
revitalization projects can achieve multiple community goals.
    Consistent with previous work completed by the ACHP, the purpose 
of this policy is to ensure that historic preservation is considered 
as a tool to stabilize and enhance communities that have suffered 
from massive structural changes to their economy. It also recognizes 
that other communities, under less severe economic distress, will 
benefit from implementing the strategies described in the principles 
below.
    The policy addresses the value of local communities developing 
historic property surveys, including those located in older 
neighborhoods with historic districts, to use as a tool in community 
revitalization. Only when local officials are aware of the historic 
significance of properties in a community can they make informed 
decisions about treatment and reuse. The National Register is also 
used to determine whether federal activities must comply with 
Section 106. Likewise, a property must first be listed on the 
National Register before it can qualify as a ``certified historic 
structure'' for receiving the 20 percent Federal Historic 
Preservation

[[Page 11285]]

Tax Credit for the rehabilitation of historic, income-producing 
buildings. Other tax incentives are often coupled with this credit 
to revitalize historic neighborhoods, such as the Federal Low-Income 
Housing Tax Credit and state historic preservation tax incentives. 
Recent studies have documented that these tax incentive programs 
contribute to economic development and job production. Further, they 
are one of the primary tools for revitalizing neighborhoods that 
were once considered blighted.
    The ACHP is pleased to issue this Policy Statement on Historic 
Preservation and Community Revitalization as we celebrate the 50th 
Anniversary of the NHPA. The principles outlined above include sound 
guidance to assist communities in their efforts to incorporate 
historic preservation into project planning. As communities develop 
revitalization plans to improve local neighborhoods and target 
areas, they should work with federal and state agencies, SHPOs, 
THPOs, developers, residents, and other stakeholders to implement 
the following principles. While many are related to the Section 106 
consultation, some can be applied independently of this review.

Implementing Principles

    I. Historic preservation values should be considered in the 
revitalization of both rural and urban communities.
    II. Historic preservation should be incorporated in local 
planning for sustainability, smart growth, and community resilience.
    III. Historic property surveys, including those in historic 
districts, are tools that should be used by communities to provide 
for federal, state, and local planning and revitalization projects.
    IV. Effective citizen engagement allows community residents to 
identify resources they care about and share their views on local 
history and cultural significance.
    V. Indian tribes may have an interest in urban and rural 
community revitalization projects that may affect sites of historic, 
religious, and cultural significance to them.
    VI. Private resources can contribute to local revitalization 
efforts and leverage public funds.
    VII. Tax credits can be used to promote historic preservation 
projects that preserve local assets.
    VIII. Early consideration of alternatives to avoid or minimize 
adverse effects to historic properties is essential to ensure proper 
integration of historic properties in revitalization plans.
    IX. Development of flexible and programmatic solutions can help 
expedite historic preservation reviews as well as more effectively 
and proactively address situations involving recurring loss of 
historic properties.
    X. Creative mitigation can facilitate future preservation in 
communities.
    These principles are interpreted below to provide context for 
stakeholders who may consider applying them to their communities.
    I. Historic preservation values should be considered in the 
revitalization of both rural and urban communities.
    The NHPA was established in 1966 to ensure that local 
revitalization and economic development projects were responsive to 
historic preservation values. Unfortunately, the provisions of the 
NHPA requiring consideration of historic properties in project 
planning have not been applied consistently by federal, state, and 
local governments. This is particularly the case when federal funds 
are allocated to local communities to address substantial amounts of 
vacancies, abandonments, and the related blight afflicting 
communities. Historic properties should be viewed as community 
assets and their treatment should be informed by an analysis of 
alternatives, including stabilization, rehabilitation, new infill 
construction, and demolition. Suburban, rural, and tribal 
communities have experienced many of the same or similar issues as 
urban areas over the past decades. Historic preservation tools can 
assist many of these communities, particularly when integrated in 
project planning as prescribed by Section 106 of the NHPA. The 
adaptation and reuse of historic properties is a viable alternative 
that should be given due consideration by federal, state, and local 
officials when renewing communities. Although historic preservation 
is often ignored by stakeholders who assume that redevelopment will 
allow them to spend project funds exclusively on new construction, 
decades of historic preservation projects affirm that historic 
assets can also revive a community. Therefore, historic preservation 
should be an option that is regularly considered by officials, in 
planning the revitalization of neighborhoods, target areas, and 
communities in urban, rural, and tribal areas where there is 
considerable economic decline and blight.
    II. Historic preservation should be incorporated in local 
planning for sustainability, smart growth, and community resilience.
    The core principles in sustainability, smart growth, and 
community resilience programs administered by federal government 
have been embraced by urban and rural communities nationwide during 
the past decade. Smart growth is a cohesive group of planning tools 
that are focused on creating a development pattern that can be 
replicated throughout a region or locality, while sustainable 
communities are focused on conserving and improving existing 
resources, including making historic assets such as buildings, 
neighborhoods and communities greener, stronger and more livable. 
Both smart growth and sustainability embrace historic preservation, 
emphasizing the value in reusing historic properties. Successful 
historic preservation techniques often bring together both historic 
properties and sensitive new construction to create a dynamic and 
attractive environment. Preserving historic properties and 
neighborhoods in a community not only retains streetscapes and 
original settings, but also can create a focal point for a community 
to embrace its history, culture, and sense of place, all of which 
benefit revitalization efforts and promote community stability.
    In the aftermath of natural disasters, climate change events, 
and unanticipated emergencies, recovery projects are designed to 
revitalize and rebuild resilient communities. Achieving these goals 
requires aligning federal funding with local rebuilding visions, 
cutting red tape for obtaining assistance, developing region-wide 
plans for rebuilding; and ensuring that communities are rebuilt to 
better withstand future disasters, climate events and unanticipated 
emergencies. Maintaining, rehabilitating, and reusing existing 
historic buildings can contribute to stabilizing and revitalizing 
neighborhoods. Community recovery and revitalization plans should be 
specific in the use and treatment of historic properties, 
coordinated with plans for new construction and infrastructure. 
Recognizing that historic preservation strategies are compatible 
with smart growth, sustainability, and resilient community 
principles will enable planners to create housing choices, foster a 
sense of place, generate jobs, maintain walkable neighborhoods, and 
preserve open spaces, thereby promoting a holistic community 
environment.
    III. Historic property surveys, including those in historic 
districts, are tools that should be used by communities to provide a 
foundation for federal, state, and local planning and revitalization 
projects.
    City-wide surveys that are incomplete or nonexistent may cause 
the unnecessary loss of historic properties as well as delays in 
project planning and implementation. Without the historical context 
explaining the evolution of neighborhoods and the significance of 
existing building stock, decision making is uninformed. In contrast, 
communities that have completed historic property surveys that 
include historic context, identify architectural, archeological, and 
cultural resources, and define historic districts are able to 
develop more effective strategies for revitalization. Surveys 
conducted in advance can identify areas that should be given special 
attention in project planning and assist developers and local 
officials to designate areas for tax or other financial incentives. 
While funds for surveys are often challenging to identify, many 
States have used SHPO and federal Historic Preservation Funds to 
update surveys consistent with the scope of work outlined in State-
wide plans. Additional survey information may be forthcoming during 
Section 106 reviews when federal agencies and applicants identify 
and evaluate properties listed in or eligible for listing in the 
National Register of Historic Places. Regulations for some federal 
programs allow administrative funds to be allocated for surveys, 
particularly when there is a need for long-term plans to be approved 
for a neighborhood or target area. Federal agencies should 
prioritize assistance to communities for such planning, where 
possible. In addition, local agencies are encouraged to incorporate 
historic preservation survey information in local Geographic 
Information Systems to expedite regulatory reviews required before 
projects can be approved for funding.
    IV. Effective citizen engagement allows community residents to 
identify resources they care about and share their views on local 
historic and cultural significance.

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    The consultation process under Section 106 should be designed to 
elicit effective and authentic citizen engagement. Such engagement 
will help to identify places important to the community early in the 
consultation process. Special attention should be given to including 
communities that have been overlooked in prior efforts to identify 
historic properties, as is often the case with those places 
associated with diverse populations that have minimal representation 
in the National Register. Such information should be routinely 
sought by local officials when complying with Section 106 and 
evaluating properties for listing in the National Register or on 
state surveys. SHPOs and CLG's can assist in providing historic 
context statements for such properties. Involving local academic 
institutions, civic organizations, and professional associations in 
the work of local preservation commissions and architectural review 
boards can help ensure that the views of all segments of the 
community inform the identification and evaluation of historic 
properties. Citizen engagement is also critical in the analysis of 
project alternatives to deal with adverse effects of redevelopment 
on historic properties. Many of the outcomes from Section 106 
reviews are shaped by recommendations from citizens that participate 
as consulting parties in the process. Federal and local officials, 
therefore, should provide guidance and technical assistance to 
facilitate citizen engagement in surveys and project planning.
    V. Indian tribes may have an interest in urban and rural 
community revitalization projects that may affect sites of historic, 
religious, and cultural significance to them.
    As indigenous peoples of the Nation, Indian tribes have lived in 
many places before they became cities and towns. Accordingly, Indian 
tribes often have a stake in the effects of new development on their 
history and culture. It therefore is important to involve Indian 
tribes in the Section 106 reviews, particularly in the 
identification and evaluation of historic properties and assessment 
of effects. Since Indian tribes are required to be invited to 
participate in Section 106 as consulting parties, federal and local 
officials should become familiar with those Indian tribes that have 
ancestral and historic associations with their communities. When 
planning projects and conducting Section 106 reviews, planners need 
to look beyond archaeologists in assessing potential development 
sites and involve Indian tribes to ensure that cultural resources 
important to them inform the siting and design of projects. Indian 
tribes can also contribute to local sustainability efforts based on 
their ecological and environmental knowledge of specific geographic 
areas to which they attach religious and cultural significance. 
Involving Indian tribes early in Section 106 consultations allows 
them to advise the federal agency on protocols that should be 
followed in the event of unanticipated discoveries of sites of 
traditional religious and cultural significance during project 
implementation. Finally, Indian tribes can provide relevant input to 
the agency in developing mitigation measures when sites cannot be 
avoided.
    VI. Private resources can contribute to local revitalization 
efforts and leverage public funds.
    Private resources are instrumental in ensuring community 
revitalization efforts are successful and transformative. Federal 
grant and loan programs can be used in conjunction with private 
resources for local revitalization efforts such as the Department of 
Transportation's TIGER Program and the Environmental Protection 
Agency's Brownfield Grants. These programs require local communities 
to provide matching funds, which are often solicited from the 
private sector. Local institutions such as universities, hospitals, 
foundations, banks, land banks, and local businesses frequently 
provide matching funds to local governments. In addition, they often 
partner with developers on multi-use historic projects that benefit 
the community as a whole. Banking institutions are able to get 
credit under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) Program when they 
contribute to local revitalization efforts. A bank's CRA performance 
record is taken into account when evaluating their overall 
performance. Therefore, advance meetings with local banking 
institutions to discuss strategies regarding loans for commercial 
and residential community revitalization projects is a good approach 
to identifying resources to leverage public funds.
    VII. Tax credits can be used to promote historic preservation 
projects that preserve local assets.
    Recent research conducted on the impacts of using Federal 
Historic Tax Credits have revealed that investments in historic 
rehabilitation have greater positive impact on employment, state and 
local taxes, and the financial strength of the state than new 
construction. The use of federal Historic Tax Credits (HTC), Low 
Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC), and State Historic Tax Credits 
can often be combined to provide neighborhoods with financial, 
social, and economic benefits. Local governments should consider how 
these incentives can be used to fund not only major projects but 
also smaller and mid-size neighborhood projects. SHPOs are uniquely 
situated to leverage federal HTC projects, having worked closely 
with the National Park Service and the developer. After completing 
Part 1 of the federal HTC application, local officials should be 
encouraged to work closely with federal regional and field offices, 
land banks, SHPOs, and local realtors to identify other vacant and 
abandoned buildings that are candidates for rehabilitation. By 
stabilizing an entire neighborhood, these sites can be used for 
affordable housing and transit oriented development projects. NPS 
and SHPOs can share cases studies and best management practices on 
federal HTC and applicability of the Secretary of Interior's 
Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, and meet with 
local officials and developers to discuss strategies for preserving 
local historic properties.
    VIII. Early consideration of alternatives to avoid or minimize 
adverse effects to historic properties is essential to ensure proper 
integration of historic properties in revitalization plans.
    Effective utilization of historic properties to support 
community revitalization goals requires that preservation be an 
integral part of local planning from the outset. Strategic efforts 
to stabilize local neighborhoods in communities experiencing 
substantial population loss should consider alternatives that can 
have a positive impact. Comprehensive neighborhood plans should 
disclose the criteria and processes local officials use to determine 
specific treatment for a building. SHPOs can also provide technical 
assistance when resources are available. Likewise, communities that 
have CLG's that work closely with SHPOs can participate in local 
administrative reviews and provide advice regarding how historic 
properties may be affected by revitalization plans. SHPOs and CLG's 
can coordinate with land banks to determine how they can facilitate 
building preservation, rehabilitation, and revitalization plans, as 
well as those proposed for substantial demolitions in target areas 
or community-wide.
    IX. Flexible programmatic solutions help expedite historic 
preservation reviews and address situations involving recurring loss 
of historic properties.
    Revitalization projects with federal involvement require 
compliance with Section 106 and other federal environmental review 
laws. Frequently, programmatic solutions can expedite compliance 
with regulatory requirements, improving the efficiency of project 
delivery. Section 106 Programmatic Agreements can respond to local 
conditions, foster larger community preservation goals, and expedite 
project reviews. Such agreements often clarify that plans and 
specifications developed for local revitalization projects, which 
adhere to the Secretary of Interior's Standards for the Treatment of 
Historic Properties, qualify for simplified review and achieve 
desirable preservation results. The public interest in preservation 
should guide planning, such as focusing reviews on exterior features 
and important interior spaces open to the public, which is included 
in the ACHP's Policy Statement on Affordable Housing and Historic 
Preservation, published in 2005. Planning for larger revitalization 
projects in advance of receiving federal monies could allow local 
officials to target resources for micro grants and loans that can 
stabilize residential and commercial properties on an interim basis. 
CLGs can participate in project planning and reviews and share with 
stakeholders local best management practices.
    X. Creative mitigation that can facilitate future preservation 
in communities.
    ``Creative mitigation'' is a concept that is used in 
environmental reviews when it is challenging, if not impossible, to 
avoid adverse effects or offset them using standard mitigation 
approaches. In Section 106 reviews, standard mitigation measures are 
customarily directed at the affected historic property and may 
include recordation, data recovery, or curation. Often the public 
benefit of using these standard measures is minimal and mitigation 
funds might be better invested in other preservation activities. 
Because the Section 106 process does not

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preordain a preservation outcome for affected historic properties, 
federal and local officials should consider creative mitigation 
measures that promote historic preservation goals even though they 
do not minimize harm to the impacted historic resource. For example, 
a neighborhood stabilization project may call for selective 
demolition of contributing structures within a historic district. To 
offset the loss, the project planners might commit funds for the 
renovation of other buildings within the district or fund a historic 
resources survey of a nearby neighborhood as the basis for future 
preservation planning. The activities proposed in creative 
mitigation measures should leverage the federal assistance to allow 
for broader public benefits. Discussions about creative mitigation 
should be initiated early in the Section 106 review process when 
options can be objectively evaluated and include consulting parties, 
representatives of the affected areas, as well as local officials, 
to ensure all views are considered. A desirable goal of creative 
mitigation measures is to advance community-wide preservation. They 
might include the development of local historic preservation 
ordinances, acquisition and relocation of historic properties to 
alternate sites in a historic district, or funding for landscaping 
and streetscape improvements in a district.
    Federal, state, and local officials, applicants, and residents 
are encouraged to use these principles as plans are developed and 
Section 106 reviews coordinated. Please visit the ACHP's Web site, 
achp.gov, to view helpful case studies and best management practices 
that can further expand your knowledge of historic preservation 
tools, and how they are being used to revitalize and stabilize 
communities throughout the Nation.

    Authority:  54 U.S.C. 304102(a).

    Dated: February 26, 2016.
John M. Fowler,
Executive Director.
[FR Doc. 2016-04640 Filed 3-2-16; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4310-K6-P